EP1474262A2 - Procede de soudage d elements de vehicules automobiles, en p articulier de flancs raboutes - Google Patents
Procede de soudage d elements de vehicules automobiles, en p articulier de flancs raboutesInfo
- Publication number
- EP1474262A2 EP1474262A2 EP03709888A EP03709888A EP1474262A2 EP 1474262 A2 EP1474262 A2 EP 1474262A2 EP 03709888 A EP03709888 A EP 03709888A EP 03709888 A EP03709888 A EP 03709888A EP 1474262 A2 EP1474262 A2 EP 1474262A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elements
- welding
- wire
- assembled
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/06—Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc
- B23K9/073—Stabilising the arc
- B23K9/0735—Stabilising of the arc length
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the application of a MIG / MAG (Metal Inert Gas / Metal Active Gas) process, of welding or soldering, to the electric arc of thin sheets coated or not, in particular electro sheets.
- MIG / MAG Metal Inert Gas / Metal Active Gas
- galvanized or galvanized used mainly in the sector. of the automotive industry, mainly to assemble by welding or soldering different components of the structure of a motor vehicle, such as body elements, doors, as well as floor joints, including suspension elements .
- HLE and THLE steels high or very high elastic limit
- variable thicknesses ranging from 0.6 to 4 mm, and usually from 0.6 to 2 mm.
- the low-energy welding short circuit MIG process is more particularly suitable for welding thin layers but generates projections at ignition and in steady state.
- the MIG process with pulsed regime allows a very good control of the transfer with absence of projections but its higher welding energy, even at low wire speed, leads to greater penetrations therefore an opposite effect to that sought.
- it hardly accommodates degraded or approximate preparations, such as a clearance or spacing between the sheets to be welded of the order of the thickness of the thinnest sheet.
- the detachment of the drop of liquid metal towards the molten bath is ensured by a large part of the electrical energy transmitted to the wire and restored via the arc to the base metal.
- zinc which is the main coating for this type of sheet, is characterized by a melting point of around 402 ° C and a boiling point of zinc of around 906 ° C which are very much lower than that of the base metal, that is to say the sheets to be joined, and the filler metal, that is to say the fusible wire. Therefore, it is vaporized during the welding operation by a direct action of the electric arc but also by simple thermal conduction in front and on the edges of the weld pool.
- the zinc vapors disturb the gas protection and the transfer, and thus cause porosities in the bead but also instabilities and projections.
- This phenomenon is all the more sensitive when the thickness of the coating is large compared to the welded thickness and when the joint configurations, in particular of the lap type which are mainly used in applications in the automotive sector, present to the interface two trapped contiguous zinc layers which worsen the degassing conditions.
- the acceptance tolerances for porosities are well defined with regard to non-emerging porosities, the tolerance is generally zero for the porousities vis-à-vis the appearance criteria, c 'is to say the aesthetics, and subsequent painting conditions on vehicle production lines.
- soldering also has the advantage of a significantly reduced energy input since only a fusion of the wire is necessary and not of the sheets, and the quantity of zinc vaporized is therefore greatly reduced compared to conventional welding.
- all these advantages are reduced by the cost of the filler metal, that is to say the soldering wire to be used.
- the problem which arises specifically in welding elements dedicated to the automotive construction sector is that, as explained above, the short-circuit and pulsed welding methods do not make it possible to simultaneously meet the requirements in terms control of penetrations and deformations, by the excess energy returned to the sheet, or control of projections by the significant energy to be used to obtain the detachment of the drops of molten metal, while the welding process brazing leads to advantages in terms of welding quality and comfort but at the expense of a much higher overall cost of the process due to the use of fusible brazing wire made of rather expensive special alloys.
- the object of the invention is then to solve these problems of the prior art by proposing an industrial solution perfectly suited to the motor vehicle manufacturing sector, making it possible to obtain an absence of projections, an implementation of minimal energy. , higher welding speeds, reduced penetrations and deformations of the sheets.
- the solution of the invention is then an electric arc welding process using a fusible wire subjected to a cyclic mechanical movement, alternately in approach and then away from the parts to be welded, so as to create a short circuit between the end of the fusible wire and at least one of the parts to be assembled and thus to deposit molten metal to progressively produce a solder joint between said parts, characterized in that the parts to be assembled are constituent elements of a motor vehicle.
- the method of the invention may include one or more of the following technical characteristics:
- the cyclic mechanical movement in approach and away from the wire relative to the weld pool is controlled in frequency, in speeds, in high time of arc stabilization and in low time of contact with the weld pool by at least one microprocessor in synchronization with a current source used to generate the arc and the welding current.
- the elements to be welded have a thickness of less than 5 mm, preferably between 0.5 and 2 mm.
- the elements to be welded have a zinc coating on at least one of their faces.
- the metal parts are made of high and very high yield strength unalloyed carbon steel.
- At least a part of the metal parts to be assembled are made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and chosen from boxes or body parts, in particular sheet / extruded or extruded / extruded junctions; openings, such as doors or hoods; ground connection elements, such as suspension arms, cradles, sleepers and rims.
- At least part of the metal parts to be assembled are made of austenitic or ferritic stainless steels, in particular the exhaust pipes or parts of the exhaust pipes.
- the elements to be assembled chosen from the group formed by the body, the underbody, the butted sides, the side members, the wheel arches, the under-seat crosspieces, the foot reinforcements, the board crosspieces edge, the front crossmembers, the shock absorbers and the engine cradle.
- the intensity of the current is between 30 A and 250 A.
- the filler metal is in the form of wire with a diameter between 1.2 and 3.2 mm or strip of section between 0.5 x 4 and 0.6x 5 mm 2 .
- the filler wire is made of unalloyed or low alloyed steel, austenitic or ferritic stainless steel, nickel or nickel alloys, copper or copper alloys, aluminum or aluminum alloys.
- the weld beads to be produced have a length of between 5 and 100 mm, preferably between 10 mm and 70 mm.
- the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a motor vehicle formed from several elements assembled by a welding method according to the invention, preferably implemented by a welding robot, for example on a production line for motor vehicles.
- the principle of the invention is based on the fact of forcing a short circuit to occur between the fusible wire and the sheets to be assembled by means of a "mechanical" descent of the wire in the direction of the sheets to be welded so as to deposit the drop of molten metal in the melt, then carry out a subsequent mechanical removal of the wire after depositing the metal drop.
- This wire descent and ascent cycle must be controlled in frequency, speed, high time and low time by one or more microprocessors in synchronization with the current source.
- the electrical energy delivered is strictly intended for melting the wire. It is therefore reduced by a factor of 2 to 3 compared to that usually applied in a conventional MIG process.
- the invention is particularly suitable for assembling the body of the vehicle "in white" (sheets not pre-painted or painted) from the following constituent elements: rocker panels, planed sidewalls, hydroformed or reconstituted side rails, passage of wheels, seat crossmembers, middle leg reinforcements, dashboard crossmembers, front crossmembers, side members and shock absorbers (hydro-formed or reconstituted, and engine cradle.
- the range of thicknesses of these stamped or hydroformed components that can be thus welded is from 0.6 to 2 mm.
- These vehicle components are generally coated on both sides by electrogalvanizing or galvanizing.
- the final preparations in terms of play and misalignment, will therefore accumulate all of the elementary tolerances to reach values requiring either modification of the existing welding procedure, in particular a "sweep", that is to say a welding with transverse oscillation of the torch relative to the joint plane, with reduction of the welding speed for example, that is the adoption of a more flexible process, for example a braze-brazing process instead of welding.
- the cords to be produced are typically discontinuous cords of variable length between 15 and 60 mm which are 'mechanically effective' over their entire length, that is to say dimensioned with respect to fatigue resistance but also of frontal or even side crash tests. It is therefore essential that the starts and end of the cords are as well controlled and without projections.
- a current generator of the 480 TRS type from LA SOUDURE AUTOGENE FRAN ⁇ AISE a MIG welding torch with wire feed device, a wire feeder, a device making it possible to impart a reciprocating movement back and forth over the wire, that is to say in approaching then in moving away.
- the installation making it possible to implement the invention consists of a reeling module comprising a drive system for pressure rollers coupled to an electric motor with or without an intermediate reducer.
- the wire feed regulation can be ensured by a tacho dynamo system for example or by another suitable regulation system.
- the installation also includes a wire supply bundle formed by a concentric sheath in which the fusible wire, the welding gas and, as the case may be, the torch cooling circuit pass; a reeling module located as close as possible to the torch, which may include one or more stepping type motors for driving the fusible wire at the desired average speed and ensuring the downward and upward movement necessary for the operation of the process; a welding generator as described above or the like; a microprocessor control module for controlling the speed and movement of the wire, as well as the intensity delivered by the generator, in particular the shape of the current wave.
- the gas protection will be made for example with a gas of the gas mixture type Ar + C0 2 or Ar + C0 2 +0 2 for the welding of unalloyed carbon steels or weakly alloyed, or of the Ar + H 2 + C0 2 mixture type for the soldering of these same materials, or of the Ar + H2 + C0 2 or Ar + He + C0 2 type mixture for austenitic and ferritic stainless steels, as well as for nickel and its alloys, or of the argon type or mixture Ar + He, Ar + 02 or Ar + He + 0 2 for
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0201215A FR2835456B1 (fr) | 2002-02-01 | 2002-02-01 | Procede de soudage d'elements de vehicules automobiles, en particulier de flancs raboutes |
| FR0201215 | 2002-02-01 | ||
| PCT/FR2003/000154 WO2003064096A2 (fr) | 2002-02-01 | 2003-01-17 | Procede de soudage d'elements de vehicules automobiles, en particulier de flancs raboutes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1474262A2 true EP1474262A2 (fr) | 2004-11-10 |
Family
ID=27619822
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03709888A Withdrawn EP1474262A2 (fr) | 2002-02-01 | 2003-01-17 | Procede de soudage d elements de vehicules automobiles, en p articulier de flancs raboutes |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7176410B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1474262A2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2835456B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2003064096A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2835457B1 (fr) | 2002-02-01 | 2004-04-02 | Air Liquide | Melange gazeux ternaire utilisable en soudo-brasage de pieces galvanisees |
| US7498543B2 (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2009-03-03 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Method for joining or repairing metal surface parts |
| DE102008024977A1 (de) | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-26 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum Lichtbogenfügen |
| US8410400B2 (en) * | 2008-12-12 | 2013-04-02 | Material Sciences Corporation | Welded metal laminate structure and method for welding a metal laminate structure |
| DE102009013322A1 (de) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-30 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Stoßfängeranordnung |
| JP6499557B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-08 | 2019-04-10 | 日新製鋼株式会社 | オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼板の溶接方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2827547A (en) * | 1955-05-20 | 1958-03-18 | Smith Corp A O | Apparatus for welding vehicle frames |
| US3339057A (en) * | 1966-07-28 | 1967-08-29 | Arthur A Bernard | Mechanical intermittent arc welding |
| US3581053A (en) * | 1967-12-05 | 1971-05-25 | Union Carbide Corp | Synchro-arc metal transfer |
| JPS56109169A (en) * | 1980-02-01 | 1981-08-29 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Arc length control unit |
| DE19738785C2 (de) * | 1997-09-04 | 2001-12-13 | Leipold & Co Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Lichtbogenschweißen mit abschmelzender Elektrode |
| CN1158157C (zh) * | 1999-03-18 | 2004-07-21 | 株式会社安川电机 | 熔极式电弧焊接方法以及装置 |
| AT409832B (de) * | 1999-04-26 | 2002-11-25 | Fronius Schweissmasch Prod | Schweissverfahren und schweissgerät zur durchführung des schweissverfahrens |
| JP2001001142A (ja) * | 1999-06-24 | 2001-01-09 | Daihen Corp | パルスアーク溶接のアーク長制御方法 |
-
2002
- 2002-02-01 FR FR0201215A patent/FR2835456B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-01-17 EP EP03709888A patent/EP1474262A2/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-01-17 WO PCT/FR2003/000154 patent/WO2003064096A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2003-01-17 US US10/503,263 patent/US7176410B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03064096A3 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2003064096A2 (fr) | 2003-08-07 |
| FR2835456A1 (fr) | 2003-08-08 |
| FR2835456B1 (fr) | 2004-04-02 |
| WO2003064096A3 (fr) | 2004-03-11 |
| US20050139583A1 (en) | 2005-06-30 |
| US7176410B2 (en) | 2007-02-13 |
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| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: AIR LIQUIDE WELDING FRANCE Owner name: L'AIR LIQUIDE, SOCIETE ANONYME A DIRECTOIRE ET C |
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| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: AIR LIQUIDE WELDING FRANCE Owner name: L'AIR LIQUIDE, SOCIETE ANONYME POUR L'ETUDE ET L'E |
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| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: AIR LIQUIDE WELDING FRANCE Owner name: L'AIR LIQUIDE, SOCIETE ANONYME POUR L'ETUDE ET L'E |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20110802 |