EP1473128B1 - Method and use of an apparatus for producing multilayered concrete pipes - Google Patents

Abstract

The concrete pipe former has a stand (2) with a rotating disc (3) and a press head (4) on the stand forms a sealed machine which works in a vertical direction inside the stand and rotates around a vertical longitudinal axis. The rotating disc has two forming sleeves (5a,b) which rotate in the stand and a coating unit.

Description

The invention relates to the use of a device for producing a multilayer concrete pipe with such a compaction tool and to a method for producing a multilayer concrete pipe.

Such concrete pipes are used, for example, for municipal and industrial sewer. The wall of such a tube fulfills various functions. On the one hand, the wall of the pipe has to absorb the static and dynamic loads that act from the outside. On the other hand, the inner surface is exposed to the medium to be transported. Therefore, for the inner surface, special properties, such as e.g. Abrasion resistance, acid resistance, fire resistance or the like. Required. It is therefore useful to make the wall of the tube from several layers, with the layers differ from each other by their properties. It is known to line such concrete pipes with an inner layer of an acid-resistant concrete mix, which increases the resistance of the concrete pipes. Since acid-resistant concrete mixes are considerably more expensive than conventional concrete mixes, only a very thin layer of the acid-resistant concrete is used to line the inside of concrete pipes.

This thin layer of acid-resistant concrete is conventionally applied in a centrifugal process in which the acid-resistant concrete mixture is introduced into a horizontal pipe. The step of spinning must be carried out until the concrete is at least partially cured, so that the tube can be removed in a horizontal position from the mold without being damaged. Since horizontal tube making is very time consuming, single layer tubes are used often also produced in vertical manufacturing processes with a press head or the like. For vertically produced pipes, coatings are subsequently applied to the inner surface, or so-called inliners made of plastic are installed. The installation of these sometimes very expensive coatings requires additional manufacturing steps. In addition, there is no internal, ie chemical compound between the layers, so that these layers can eventually detach over time.

To produce concrete pipes with different inner diameters, is, for example, from the US 4,690,631 a compaction tool known, the press rollers can be adjusted via an adjusting lever in their radial orientations. For this purpose, it is necessary that an adjusting lever fixing the threaded bolt is unscrewed from a threaded hole and screwed after adjustment of the adjusting lever in another threaded hole. The adjustment of the press rollers is time consuming and therefore not feasible during the production of pipes. This document also discloses a method for producing a concrete pipe according to the preamble of claim 1.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method of the type mentioned, with which multilayer concrete pipes can be made faster and more economically, in particular, the connection of the individual layers is improved with each other.

This object is achieved by a method according to claim 1. For this purpose, the at least one distributor or press roller and / or the at least one pressing or smoothing piston can be connected to the driven axle via an adjusting device in such a way that the distance between the outer male part surface and the driven axle can be changed. The adjusting device thus makes it possible, for example, to change the diameter of the compacting tool described by the distributor rollers or skids or the pressing rollers in a defined manner to concrete pipes having different inner diameters with the same Manufacture compaction tool. Since it is not necessary for the actuation of the adjusting device, to drive out the compaction tool from the mold shell, can be made without a tool change with the compacting tool according to the invention a two- or multi-layer concrete pipe. Thus, it is possible due to the radial adjustability of the compaction tool, first to produce the outer layer of the concrete pipe with a larger inner diameter and apply the inner layer of the concrete pipe with a smaller inner diameter after a reduction in the diameter of the compaction tool. The radial adjustment of the compaction tool for changing the diameter is effected by the distance between the driven axis and the outer lateral surfaces of the rollers, runners or the like. Is varied.

The adjusting device may have a slotted guide, which extends in a curved or straight path between two points at different distances from the driven axis, and a slide sliding in the slotted guide block. The driven axle can be connected to a disk or the like, in which a slot is formed as a sliding guide. The journal of a distributor or press roller or a Glättkolbens slides as a sliding block in the slot. Due to the rotation of the compacting tool about the driven axis, the roller or the piston is urged in its rearward in the direction of rotation in the slotted guide. By reversing the direction of rotation of the compaction tool about the driven axis, the roller or skid can be urged into the other end position of the slotted guide, which has a different distance to the driven axis compared to the first position, so that the diameter of the compaction tool by a Reversal of its direction of rotation is changeable.

The reversal of the direction of rotation of the compaction tool between two processing steps can alternatively also be used with an adjusting device for changing the diameter of the compaction tool when the adjusting device is formed by a pivoted lever mounted eccentrically with respect to the driven axis. This pivot lever is connected at its end facing away from the bearing with the at least one distributor or press roller and / or the at least one pressing or smoothing piston and pivotable between two points at different distances from the driven axis. The pivotal movement of the lever limiting stop points can be arranged such that contamination of the adjustment is largely avoided by the concrete mixtures, so that no impairment of the exact adjustability of the diameter of the compaction tool occur during operation.

It may further be provided that the adjusting device has at least one electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically actuatable drive motor, which is assigned to the at least one distributor or press roller and / or the at least one pressing or smoothing piston for adjustment. This drive motor, for example a linear actuator, can centrally adjust all the rollers and / or pistons of the compaction tool or can be associated with individual or several rollers or pistons.

Preferably, the power supply of the drive motor by the driven axle, which is formed from at least two coaxial and nested hollow shafts. In this case, an electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic line through the inner hollow shaft leads to the adjustment.

Alternatively, it is also possible that the driven axle is formed by two coaxial, nested hollow shafts, wherein in the inner hollow shaft, a further shaft for driving the adjusting device is provided.

When the displacement of the spreader or press roller is generated by the reaction force between the roller and the concrete pipe caused by a change in the rotational direction, power supplied by the shaft formed as a shaft can be utilized for other functions. Thus, for example, it is possible for the distributor or pressing tool to be cleaned by means of compressed air or the like, or an additional locking of the rollers can take place in an end position.

In order to achieve a particularly smooth inner wall and a homogeneous concrete distribution in the walls of the pipes to be produced, the compaction tool can have a distributor with a plurality of substantially radially acting distributor rollers or distributor skids, a compressor with a plurality of substantially radially acting press rollers or compressor skids and a smoothing tool exhibit. The filled into the mold shell concrete is thereby distributed evenly through the distributor rollers of the distributor in the mold shell and pre-compressed, so that any provided reinforcement or reinforcement is included by the concrete mixture. The press rollers of the compressor compress the concrete mixture so far that the desired inner diameter of the concrete pipe is created. Subsequently, the surface is reworked by the smoothing tool, which is preferably designed as a cylindrical piston and arranged below the compacting tool. As an alternative to the described compaction tool, instead of the rollers, radially arranged skids can also take over the distribution and compression of the material.

The emergence of torsional moments in the manufacture of the concrete pipe with a pressing head can be avoided by rotating the distributor of the pressing head in the opposite direction to the compressor about the longitudinal axis of the molding shell. If necessary, the compressor and the distributor can be used with rotate at different speeds. The speed of the distributor is usually much higher than that of the compressor with the pressing rollers and the smoothing piston. In this way, even if provided in the concrete pipe reinforcements or reinforcements are not twisted during the compaction of the concrete mixture, so that they remain in their intended position.

According to a further embodiment, a spray head for distributing and compacting concrete mixtures may be arranged on the compaction tool above the polishing tool. By centrifugal forces that arise due to the rotating movement of the spray head, z. B. be distributed the second concrete mix for the inner layer of the concrete pipe. Due to the impact velocity of the sprayed material on the inner surface of the first concrete layer, the second concrete mixture is at least partially compacted and the connection to the first concrete layer is improved. Consequently, it is possible to dispense with a further distributor and / or an additional compressor.

An apparatus for producing a multilayer, in particular two-layered concrete pipe comprises, for example, at least one stand in which a drivable compaction tool is mounted, at least one turntable on which a plurality of mold jackets are vertically intermittently swung into the stand, and at least one charging system for filling at least one Concrete mixture in one of the form coats. Preferably, however, at least two feeders are associated with a stand so that different concrete mixes can be processed in the same stand.

It is preferred if at least one of the charging systems has a concrete silo with an associated filling belt. Alternatively or in addition to this the charging system also be formed by a concrete pump with a pump hose. In particular, for the supply of the second, for example. Fire and / or acid-resistant concrete mix, of which only a smaller volume fraction for producing a multi-layer concrete pipe is required, the use of a concrete pump may be sufficient.

The inventive method for producing a multi-layer, in particular two-layered concrete pipe has the following steps: first, a substantially vertically standing mold jacket is pivoted into a stand and filled the mold shell with a first concrete mixture from a first charging system. This first concrete mixture is then distributed and compacted in the mold shell by a rotating and vertically movable compaction tool, and if necessary, the inner surface is smoothed. Before the demolding of the concrete pipe, a second concrete mixture is filled into the substantially vertical mold shell by means of a second charging system. In addition, the diameter of the compaction tool is reversibly reduced, so that the second concrete mixture distributed and compacted with the compaction tool and possibly the inner surface can be smoothed before the concrete pipe is swung out of the stand and removed from the mold. This inventive method is characterized in that neither a change of the compaction tool nor a transport of the outer part of the multilayer Pipe is required together with the mold jacket in another stand. Rather, the compacting tool itself can be changed in size before the introduction of the second concrete mixture within the mold shell. After swinging out and demolding the concrete pipe diameter of the compaction tool is then reversibly increased again for distributing and compacting the first concrete mix a new concrete pipe.

Preferably, after the distribution and compression of the first concrete mixture, the direction of rotation of the compacting tool is changed. In this way, it is possible to change in a slotted guide or mounted on a pivotable lever tools in their radial alignment with the driven axis, so that the diameter of the compaction tool is adjusted. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible to change the rotational speed of the compaction tool after distributing and compacting the first concrete mixture. In this way, the diameter of the compaction tool, for example. Be varied as a result of centrifugal forces.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail by means of embodiments and with reference to the drawing.

Fig. 1

ein Verdichtungswerkzeug nach einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 2

ein Verdichtungswerkzeug nach einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 3

ein Verdichtungswerkzeug nach einer dritten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 4

ein Verdichtungswerkzeug nach einer vierten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, und

Fig. 5

eine Schnittansicht eines Rohres während der Herstellung.

They show schematically:.

Fig. 1

a compaction tool according to a first embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 2

a compaction tool according to a second embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 3

a compacting tool according to a third embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 4

a compaction tool according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, and

Fig. 5

a sectional view of a tube during manufacture.

In the FIGS. 1 to 4 a compaction tool is indicated by a circular disc 1, which is connected to a driven axle 2. On the disc 1 is one of the embodiment according to Fig. 1 designed as a slot link guide 3 is provided. A journal 4, which carries a press roller 5, is slidably mounted in the slotted guide 3. In this way, the press roller 5 is in common with the bearing pin 4 between the in Fig. 1 marked with solid lines first position with a smaller diameter in a dashed line indicated second position with a larger diameter can be transferred.

The two end points of the slotted guide 3 have a different distance from the driven axle 2. The center of the trunnion 4 describes during a rotation of the disc 1 about the axis 2 in its first position in the figures marked with D _k1 circle. After a through the arrows in Fig. 1 indicated displacement of the journal 4 in the second position shown in dashed lines describes the center of the journal on rotation of the disc 1 a circle D _k2 , whose diameter is larger than that of the circle D _k1 . In this way, the size of the circles D _R1 and D _R2 described by the outer surfaces of the press roller 5 during one revolution of the compacting tool also changes. In this way, different wall thicknesses can be produced with a compaction tool in the production of a concrete pipe without the need for a tool change.

At the in Fig. 1 represented compression tool, the adjustment of the press roller 5 in the slotted guide 3 by a reaction force. As the disk 1 rotates counterclockwise in operation, contact with the inner wall of the concrete pipe gives rise to a reaction force on the press roller 5 urging it into the first position indicated by solid lines, in which the roller 5 is closer to the driven axle 2 lies. By changing the direction of rotation is obtained by the contact with the inner wall of the concrete pipe an opposing reaction force, which moves the press roller 5 with the bearing pin 4 in the dashed lines shown in the figure, other end position of the guide slot 3. In this way, the diameter of the circle D _R1 described by the outer surface of the pressing rollers during rotation of the compacting tool is increased solely by the change in the direction of rotation in D _R2 .

In the illustration after Fig. 2 the press roller 5 is also rotatably arranged on a bearing pin 4 displaceable in a slotted guide 3 such that the size of the circle described by the outer surface of the press roller during rotation of the compacting tool is variable. The adjustment of the press roller between the two positions shown by solid lines or dashed lines in this embodiment, however, not exclusively on the change in the direction of rotation of the compaction tool but can alternatively or additionally done by an example. On the bearing pin 4 attacking linear actuator 6. In this way, it is possible to adjust the diameter of the circle described by the outer surface of the press roller 5 during rotation continuously.

Another compaction tool is in Fig. 3 shown. On the disc-like compaction tool 1 is eccentric to the driven Axis 2, a lever 7 pivotally mounted about a bearing point 8. The bearing 8 facing away from the end of the lever 7 carries the bearing pin 4, on which the press roller 5 is rotatably mounted. Further, two stops 9a and 9b are arranged on the disc 1, which limit the pivoting movement of the lever 7. The stops 9a and 9b are positioned on the disc 1 in such a way that when the lever 7 abuts the two stops, the size of the circles D _R1 and D _R2 described by the circumferential surface of the pressing roller 5 during rotation of the compacting tool is different.

As mentioned above with reference to Fig. 1 explained act on a rotation of the compaction tool 1 by the contact of the outer surface of the press roller 5 with the inner wall of the concrete pipe depending on the direction of rotation of the compaction tool differently directed reaction forces. These reaction forces the lever 7 between the two in Fig. 3 pivoted by solid lines or dashed positions, which are defined by the stops 9a and 9b. Thus, without changing the compaction tool alone by changing the direction of rotation concrete pipes with different wall thickness or with different inner diameter produced.

The construction of in Fig. 4 shown compression tool substantially corresponds to that of the embodiment according to Fig. 3 , The lever 7 and the bearing pin 4 are in this embodiment, however, with the above with reference to Fig. 2 explained linear actuator 6 connected such that the lever 7, regardless of the direction of rotation of the compaction tool 1 by the linear actuator 6 is pivotable. In this way, the distance between the passing with an inner wall of a concrete pipe in contact lateral surface of the press roller 5 and the driven shaft 2 of the compaction tool 1 can be adjusted continuously.

In Fig. 5 two manufacturing steps in the production of a two-layer concrete pipe 10 are shown, wherein the right half of the compression of the first outer layer 10a with the compaction tool 1 in its in the FIGS. 1 to 4 dashed shown second position, while in the left half of Fig. 5 the application of the second, inner layer 10 b in the in FIGS. 1 to 4 represents the first position of the compaction tool shown in solid lines.

The compaction tool in addition to that already in the FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrated pressing roller 5 vertically arranged above distributor rollers 11, which are also rotatably mounted on bearing pins 12, and arranged below the press roller 5 Glättkolben 13. Deviating from the representation of FIGS. 1 to 4 can be provided in the compacting tool a plurality of press rollers 5 and a plurality of compressor rollers 11, each - as well as the smoothing piston 13 or segments of the smoothing piston 13 - individually by an above with reference to the FIGS. 1 to 4 described adjusting device can be positioned at different distances to the driven axle 2.

The production of the two-layer concrete pipe 10 takes place in a vertically standing mold jacket 14, in which first, if necessary, introduced by the drivable axle 2 concrete for producing the outer layer 10a. The compaction tool is located at the beginning of the production of the concrete pipe in a fully retracted into the mold shell 14 position in which the distributor rollers 11 are positioned approximately at the lower end of the mold shell 14. The distributor rollers 11, the press rollers 5 and the smoothing piston 13 are located in the in the FIGS. 1 to 4 dashed shown second position, so that the described by the lateral surfaces of the press rollers 5 during a rotation of the compaction tool about the axis 2 the circle in the FIGS. 1 to 4 dashed circle D _R2 corresponds. Simultaneously with the filling of the concrete mixture, the compaction tool is driven by the Axis 2 set in rotation and pulled vertically upwards out of the mold shell 4. At first, the distributor rollers 11 distribute the concrete mixture evenly on the inner wall of the mold shell 14, with it being possible to precompress the concrete. By the pressing rollers 5, which rotate preferably in the opposite direction to the distributor rollers 11 about the axis 2, the concrete is further compressed. The smoothing piston 13 finally smoothes the inner wall surface of the outer layer 10a of the concrete pipe.

To form the inner layer 10b of the concrete pipe 10, the compaction tool is moved back to its lower position in the mold shell 14 and the distributor rollers 11, the press rollers 5 and the smoothing piston 13 are in the above with reference to the FIGS. 1 to 4 described manner brought into a position with a reduced distance to the rotatable shaft 2. During or after the introduction of the material for the inner layer 10b of the concrete pipe, this inner layer is manufactured by the distributor rollers 11, the press rollers 5 and the smoothing piston 13 as described above. Subsequently, the concrete pipe 10 can be removed from the mold shell 14.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Disc (compaction tool)

2

driven axle

3

link guide

4

pivot

5

(Pressing) roller

6

Linear actuator

7

(Pivoting) the lever

8th

storage

9a, 9b

attack

10

concrete pipe

10a

outer layer

10b

inner layer

11

distribution role

12

pivot

13

smoothing piston

14

Barrel

Claims (17)

1. A method for producing a multi-layer concrete pipe (10) with the following steps:

   - swivelling a moulding case (14) substantially standing vertically into a holder,

   - filling of the moulding case (14) with a first concrete mix (10a) by means of a first charging system,

   - distributing and compacting the concrete mix in the moulding case (14) through a rotating and vertically moveable compacting tool (5, 11, 13),

   - swivelling the moulding case (14) substantially standing vertically out of the holder and demoulding of the concrete pipe (10),

   characterized in that prior to the demoulding of the concrete pipe (10) by means of a second charging system a second concrete mix (10b) is filled into the moulding case (14) substantially standing vertically and the diameter of the compacting tool (5, 11, 13) is reversibly reduced for distributing and compacting the second concrete mix (10b).
2. The method according to Claim 1, characterized in that after the swivelling out and demoulding of the concrete pipe (10) the diameter of the compacting tool (5, 11, 13) for distributing and compacting the first concrete mix (10a) is reversibly enlarged.
3. The method according to any one of the Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that after the distributing and compacting of the first concrete mix (10a) the direction of rotation of the compacting tool (5, 11, 13) is changed.
4. The method according to any one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that after the distributing and compacting of the first concrete mix (10a) the rotating speed of the compacting tool (5, 11, 13) is changed.
5. Use of a compacting tool in a method according to any one of the preceding claims for producing a multi-layer concrete pipe (10) in a moulding case (14), wherein the compacting tool comprises at least one distribution or pressure roller (5, 11) and/or at least one pressure or smoothing piston (13), which has an external lateral surface for moulding an inner wall of the concrete pipe (10) and rotates about a driven axle (2), and wherein the at least one distribution or pressure roller (5, 11) and/or the at least one pressure or smoothing piston (13) are connected with the driven axle via an adjusting device (3; 6; 7) in such a manner that the distance of the external lateral surface to the driven axle (2) is changeable.
6. The use according to Claim 5, characterized in that the adjusting device is a slotted guide (3) which extends in a curved or straight path between two points with different spacing from the driven axle (2) and comprises a sliding block (4) sliding in the slotted guide (3).
7. The use according to Claim 5, characterized in that the adjusting device comprises a swivelling lever (7) which with regard to the driven axle (2) is mounted eccentrically, which swivelling lever is connected with the at least one distribution or pressure roller (5, 11) and/or the at least one pressure or smoothing piston (13) and whose end facing away from the mounting (8) can be swivelled between two points (9a, 9b) with different spacing from the driven axle (2).
8. The use according to Claim 5, characterized in that the adjusting device comprises at least one electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically actuatable drive motor (6) which is assigned to the at least one distribution or pressure roller (5, 11) and/or the at least one pressure or smoothing piston (13) for adjustment.
9. The use according to Claim 8, characterized in that the driven axle (2) is formed through at least two coaxial hollow shafts located inside each other and that through the inner hollow shaft an electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic line leads to the adjusting device (3; 6; 7).
10. The use according to Claim 5, characterized in that the driven axle (2) is formed through 2 coaxial hollow shafts located inside each other, wherein a further shaft for driving the adjusting device (3; 6; 7) is fed through the inner hollow shaft.
11. The use according to any one of the Claims 5 to 10, with the compacting tool being characterized by a distributor with a plurality of distribution rollers (11) or distribution runners substantially acting radially, a compactor with a plurality of pressure rollers (5) or compaction runners substantially acting radially and a smoothing tool (13).
12. The use according to Claim 11, characterized in that the distributor (11) rotates in the opposite direction to that of the compactor (5) and with different speed about the driven axle (2).
13. The use according to any one of the Claims 5 to 12, characterized through a spray head for distributing and compacting concrete mixs which is arranged above the smoothing tool (13).
14. The use according to any one of the Claims 5 to 13 in a device for producing a multi-layer concrete pipe (10) with at least one holder, in which a drivable compacting tool is mounted, at least one turntable on which a plurality of vertically standing moulding cases (14) can be cyclically swung into a holder, and at least one charging system for filling at least one concrete mix into one of the moulding cases (14).
15. The use according to Claim 14, characterized in that a holder is assigned at least two charging systems.
16. The use according to Claim 15, characterized in that at least one of the charging systems comprises a concrete hopper with associated filling conveyor.
17. The use according to Claim 15 or 16, characterized in that one of the charging systems comprises a concrete pump with a pump hose.

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