EP1473128A2 - Method and apparatus for producing multilayered concrete pipes - Google Patents

Abstract

The concrete pipe former has a stand (2) with a rotating disc (3) and a press head (4) on the stand forms a sealed machine which works in a vertical direction inside the stand and rotates around a vertical longitudinal axis. The rotating disc has two forming sleeves (5a,b) which rotate in the stand and a coating unit.

Description

The invention relates to a compaction tool, in particular a press head, which is used to manufacture a multilayer concrete pipe in a molded jacket or the like. at least one distributor or press roll and / or at least has a press or smoothing piston, which has an outer surface has to shape an inner wall of the concrete pipe and a driven Axis rotates. The invention further relates to a device for production an in particular two-layer concrete pipe with such a compression tool as well as a method for producing a multilayer Concrete pipe.

Such concrete pipes are used, for example, for municipal and industrial sewerage used. The wall of such a pipe meets different functions. On the one hand, the wall of the pipe must be static and absorb dynamic loads that act from the outside. on the other hand the inner surface is exposed to the medium to be transported. Therefore are often special properties for the inner surface, e.g. Abrasion resistance, Acid resistance, fire resistance or the like, required. It therefore makes sense Wall of the pipe made of several layers, the layers differ from each other by their properties. It is known such concrete pipes with an inner layer of an acid-resistant Lining the concrete mix, which increases the resistance of the concrete pipes elevated. Because acid-resistant concrete mixes are considerably more expensive than conventional ones Concrete mixes are only a very thin layer of the acid-resistant Concrete used to line the inside of concrete pipes.

This thin layer of acid-resistant concrete is traditionally used in applied a centrifugal process in which the acid-resistant concrete mixture is placed in a horizontal pipe. The work step centrifuging must be carried out until the concrete is at least partially cured so that the tube is in a horizontal position can be removed from the mold without being damaged. Since the horizontal tube manufacturing is very time consuming, single layer tubes are used often also in vertical manufacturing processes with a press head or the like. produced. In the case of vertically manufactured pipes, the inner surface is retrofitted Paintings applied, or so-called plastic inliners installed. The Installation of these sometimes very expensive coatings requires additional manufacturing steps. In addition, there is no internal, i.e. chemical compound, so that these layers may change over time can replace.

To manufacture concrete pipes with different inside diameters, is For example, from US 4,690,631 a compaction tool is known, the press rollers can be adjusted in their radial orientations via an adjusting lever can. For this it is necessary that a threaded bolt fixing the adjusting lever screwed out of a threaded hole and after adjusting the Adjustment lever is screwed into another threaded hole. The adjustment the press roll is time consuming and therefore not during the production of Pipes feasible.

The object of the present invention is therefore a compaction tool and to provide a method of the type mentioned at the beginning, with which multilayer concrete pipes can be manufactured faster and more economically, whereby in particular the connection of the individual layers to one another is improved becomes.

This object is essentially achieved in that the at least one distributor or press roll and / or the at least one press or Smoothing piston in such a way with the driven Axis are connected so that the distance of the outer surface to the driven axis is changeable. The adjustment device thus enables described, for example, by the distributor rollers or skids or the press rollers Define diameter of the compacting tool to change Concrete pipes with different inner diameters with the same compaction tool to manufacture. Since it does not operate the adjustment device it is necessary to move the compacting tool out of the molded jacket, can with the compression tool according to the invention a two or multilayer concrete pipe can be manufactured without a tool change. So it is possible due to the radial adjustability of the compaction tool, first the outer layer of the concrete pipe with a larger inner diameter to manufacture and after reducing the diameter of the compacting tool the inner layer of the concrete pipe with a smaller inner diameter apply. The radial adjustment of the compaction tool to change the diameter takes place by the distance between the driven axis and the outer lateral surfaces of the rollers, runners or Like. is varied.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adjusting device a backdrop guide, which is in a curved or straight Path between two points at different distances from the driven one Axis extends, and a sliding block sliding in the slide guide on. The driven axle can be connected to a disk or the like be in which an elongated hole is designed as a guide. The bearing journal a distributor or press roller or a smoothing piston slides as one Setting stone in the slot. By rotating the compacting tool around the driven axis, the roller or the piston is in its direction of rotation rear position pushed in the guide. By turning back the direction of rotation of the compacting tool around the driven axis the role or skid is pushed into the other end position of the slide guide which are a different distance from the first position has the driven axis, so the diameter of the compacting tool can be changed by reversing its direction of rotation.

Reversing the direction of rotation of the compacting tool between two Processing steps can alternatively also with an adjustment device Change the diameter of the compacting tool, if the adjustment device is driven by one in relation to the Axis eccentrically mounted pivot lever is formed. This swivel lever is at its end facing away from the storage with the at least one distributor or press roller and / or the at least one press or smoothing piston connected and between two points at different distances from the driven axis pivotable. The pivoting movement of the lever restricting attachment points can be arranged such that contamination of the adjustment device by the concrete mixtures largely is avoided, so that no impairment of the exact adjustability of the diameter of the compaction tool occur during operation.

According to a further embodiment, it is provided that the adjusting device at least one electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically operated Has drive motor, which of the at least one distributor or press roller and / or the at least one press or smoothing piston for adjustment assigned. This drive motor, for example a linear actuator, can do all Adjust the rollers and / or pistons of the compacting tool centrally or be assigned to one or more rollers or pistons.

The power supply to the drive motor is preferably carried out by the driven axis, which consists of at least two coaxial and nested Hollow shafts is formed. An electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic line through the inner hollow shaft to the adjustment device.

As an alternative to this, it is also possible for the driven axle to be divided by two coaxial, nested hollow shafts is formed, with the inner hollow shaft a further shaft is provided for driving the adjusting device.

If the adjustment of the distributor or press roller is caused by a change the reaction force between the roller caused by the direction of rotation and the concrete pipe is generated, one formed by the shaft Power supplied to the axis can be used for other functions. That's the way it is for example possible so that the distributor or pressing tool by means of compressed air or the like. To clean or an additional locking of the rollers in an end position.

To ensure a particularly smooth interior wall and a homogeneous concrete distribution in Achieving the walls of the pipes to be manufactured has an inventive Compaction tool a distributor with several, essentially radial acting distributor rollers or distributor skids, a compressor with several, in Essentially radially acting press rollers or compressor skids and a smoothing tool on. The concrete poured into the form jacket is initially distributed evenly in the molded jacket by the distributor rollers of the distributor and pre-compacted, so that any reinforcement or reinforcement provided is enclosed by the concrete mix. The press rollers of the compressor compact the concrete mix so far that the desired inner diameter of the concrete pipe. Then the surface is covered by the Smoothing tool, which is preferably designed as a cylindrical piston and arranged below the compaction tool, reworked.

As an alternative to the described compression tool, instead of Rollers also radially arranged skids the distribution and compression of the Take over materials.

The creation of torsional moments in the manufacture of the concrete pipe with A press head can be avoided by the distributor of the Press head in the opposite direction to the compressor around the longitudinal axis of the shaped jacket rotates. The compressor and the distributor can, if necessary rotate at different speeds. Here is the speed of the distributor is usually significantly higher than that of the compressor with the press rollers and the smoothing piston. In this way, also in the concrete pipe, if necessary provided reinforcements or reinforcements during the compression of the Concrete mix is not twisted so that it is in its intended position stay.

According to a further exemplary embodiment, the compaction tool A spray head for distributing and compacting above the smoothing tool of concrete mixes. By centrifugal forces, which are due to the rotating movement of the spray head can occur, for. B. the second concrete mix for the inner layer of the concrete pipe. Through the Impact speed of the sprayed material on the inner surface of the first Concrete layer, the second concrete mixture is at least partially compacted and the connection to the first layer of concrete is improved. Hence, on another distributor and / or an additional compressor become.

A device according to the invention for producing a multilayer, in particular two-layer concrete pipe comprises at least one stand, in which a drivable compaction tool is stored, at least a turntable, on which several form jackets standing vertically in cycles the stand can be swiveled in, and at least one loading system for pouring at least one concrete mixture into one of the form jackets. Preferably However, a stand has at least two loading systems assigned so that different concrete mixes in the same stand can be processed.

It is preferred if at least one of the loading systems has a concrete silo with assigned filler tape. Alternatively, or in addition, can the loading system also by a concrete pump with a pump hose be educated. In particular for the supply of the second, for example fire and / or acid-resistant concrete mix, of which only a smaller volume fraction is required to manufacture a multi-layer concrete pipe, the use of a concrete pump may be sufficient.

The object underlying the invention is also achieved by a method for the production of a multi-layer, in particular two-layer concrete pipe solved, which has the following steps: first, essentially one vertically standing molded jacket swung into a stand and the molded jacket with a first concrete mix from a first loading system filled. This first concrete mix is then in the form jacket distributed by a rotating and vertically movable compaction tool and compacted, and possibly smoothed the inner surface. Before demoulding the Concrete pipe becomes a second concrete mix by means of a second loading system filled into the essentially vertically standing molded jacket. In addition, the diameter of the compaction tool is reversibly reduced, so that the second concrete mix is spread with the compacting tool and compacted and if necessary the inner surface can be smoothed before the Concrete pipe is pivoted out of the stand and demolded. This invention The process is characterized by the fact that neither a change of the compacting tool a transport of the outer part of the multilayer Tube together with the molded jacket in another stand is required. Rather, the compaction tool itself can be inserted the second concrete mix within the shell in size to be changed. After swinging out and demolding the concrete pipe the diameter of the compacting tool is then for distribution and The first concrete mix of a new concrete pipe is reversibly compacted increased.

Preferably after the first concrete mixture has been distributed and compacted changed the direction of rotation of the compacting tool. To this It is possible to move in a sliding guide or on one tools pivoted in their radial alignment to the lever change driven axis so that the diameter of the compacting tool is adjusted. Alternatively or in addition, it is possible, the speed of rotation of the compacting tool after Distribute and compact the first concrete mix to change. In this way can the diameter of the compacting tool, for example, due to centrifugal forces can be varied.

In the following, the invention is described on the basis of exemplary embodiments and under Reference to the drawing explained in more detail.

Fig. 1

ein Verdichtungswerkzeug nach einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 2

ein Verdichtungswerkzeug nach einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 3

ein Verdichtungswerkzeug nach einer dritten Ausführungsform der Erfindung,

Fig. 4

ein Verdichtungswerkzeug nach einer vierten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, und

Fig. 5

eine Schnittansicht eines Rohres während der Herstellung.

They show schematically:

Fig. 1

a compaction tool according to a first embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 2

a compaction tool according to a second embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 3

a compaction tool according to a third embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 4

a compaction tool according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, and

Fig. 5

a sectional view of a tube during manufacture.

In Figures 1 to 4 is a compacting tool by a circular Disc 1 indicated, which is connected to a driven axis 2. On the disc 1 is one of the embodiment of FIG. 1 as an elongated hole trained scenery guide 3 provided. A bearing pin 4, which one Press roller 5 carries, is slidably mounted in the link guide 3. To this Way, the press roller 5 together with the journal 4 between the in Fig. 1 with solid lines marked first position with a smaller one Diameter in a dashed second position with a larger one Diameter convertible.

The two end points of the link guide 3 are at a different distance from the driven axis 2. When the disk 1 rotates about the axis 2 in its first position, the center of the bearing pin 4 describes a circle marked D _k1 in the figures. After a shift of the bearing pin 4 to the second position shown in dashed lines by the arrows in FIG. 1, the center of the bearing pin describes a circle D _k2 , the diameter of which is larger than that of the circle D _k1 when the disk 1 _rotates . In this way, the size of the circles D _R1 and D _R2 described by the outer surfaces of the press roller 5 during one revolution of the compacting tool also changes. In this way, different wall thicknesses can be produced with a compaction tool in the production of a concrete pipe without the need for a tool change.

In the embodiment of the compacting tool shown in FIG. 1, the pressing roller 5 is adjusted in the link guide 3 by a reaction force. When the disc 1 rotates counterclockwise during operation, contact with the inner wall of the concrete pipe results in a reaction force on the press roller 5, which forces it into the first position, indicated by solid lines, in which the roller 5 is closer to the driven axis 2 lies. By changing the direction of rotation, the contact with the inner wall of the concrete pipe results in an opposing reaction force which shifts the press roller 5 with the bearing pin 4 into the other end position of the link guide 3 shown in dashed lines in the figure. In this way, the diameter of the circle D _R1 described by the outer circumferential surface of the press rollers when the compacting tool rotates is increased solely by changing the direction of rotation in D _R2 .

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the press roller 5 is also open a pivot pin 3, which is displaceable in a link guide 3, can be rotated in this way arranged that the size of a rotation of the compaction tool changeable from the outer circumferential surface of the press roller circle is. The adjustment of the press roller between the two with solid Lines or dashed positions are carried out in this embodiment but not exclusively by changing the direction of rotation of the compaction tool but can alternatively or additionally for this purpose, for example by a linear actuator 6 acting on the bearing journal 4 respectively. In this way it is possible to change the diameter of the The outer surface of the press roller 5 is stepless when the circle is rotated adjust.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 3. On the disc-like compacting tool 1, a lever 7 is pivotally mounted about a bearing point 8 eccentrically to the driven axis 2. The end of the lever 7 facing away from the bearing 8 carries the bearing journal 4 on which the press roller 5 is rotatably mounted. Furthermore, two stops 9a and 9b are arranged on the disk 1, which limit the pivoting movement of the lever 7. The stops 9a and 9b are positioned on the disk 1 in such a way that when the lever 7 is in contact with the two stops, the size of the circles D _R1 and D _R2 described by the circumferential surface of the press roller 5 when the compacting tool rotates are different.

As already explained above with reference to FIG. 1, rotation acts of the compression tool 1 through the contact of the outer surface the press roller 5 with the inner wall of the concrete pipe depending on the Direction of rotation of the compacting tool different reaction forces. Through these reaction forces, the lever 7 between the two in Fig. 3 with solid lines or dashed positions, the are defined by the stops 9a and 9b. So you can without changing the compacting tool simply by changing it the direction of rotation concrete pipes with different wall thickness or with different Create the inside diameter.

The structure of the compression tool shown in Fig. 4 corresponds to Essentially that of the embodiment according to FIG. 3. The lever 7 or the Bearing pins 4 are in this embodiment with the above 2 explained linear actuator 6 connected such that the Lever 7 regardless of the direction of rotation of the compacting tool 1 the linear actuator 6 is pivotable. In this way, the distance can be between the outer surface coming into contact with an inner wall of a concrete pipe the press roller 5 and the driven axis 2 of the compacting tool 1 continuously adjustable.

In Fig. 5 are two manufacturing steps in the manufacture of a two-layer Concrete pipe 10 shown, the right half compressing the first outer layer 10a with the compression tool 1 in its in the figures 1 to 4 shows dashed second position while in the left Half of Fig. 5 the application of the second, inner layer 10b in the in the Figures 1 to 4 shown in solid lines first position of the Compaction tool represents.

The compaction tool comprises, in addition to that already in FIGS. 1 to 4 shown press roller 5 vertically arranged distributor rollers 11, which are also rotatably mounted on journals 12, and one below the pressure roller 5 arranged smoothing piston 13. Deviating from the illustration of Figures 1 to 4 can several press rolls in the compacting tool 5 and several compressor rollers 11 may be provided, each of which - as well Smoothing piston 13 or segments of the smoothing piston 13 - individually by one above described with reference to Figures 1 to 4 in different distances to the driven axis 2 can be positioned.

The two-layer concrete pipe 10 is produced in a vertically standing shaped jacket 14, in which concrete is first introduced through the drivable axis 2 to produce the outer layer 10a. At the beginning of the production of the concrete pipe, the compaction tool is in a position that is completely retracted into the molding jacket 14, in which the distributor rollers 11 are positioned approximately at the lower end of the molding jacket 14. The distributor rollers 11, the press rollers 5 and the smoothing piston 13 are in the second position shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 1 to 4, so that the circle described by the outer surfaces of the press rollers 5 when the compacting tool rotates about the axis 2 corresponds to that in the figures 1 to 4 circle D _R2 shown in dashed lines corresponds. Simultaneously with the filling of the concrete mixture, the compacting tool is set in rotation by the driven axis 2 and pulled vertically upwards out of the shaped jacket 4. In this case, the distributor rollers 11 first distribute the concrete mixture evenly on the inner wall of the shaped jacket 14, it being possible for the concrete to be pre-compacted. The concrete is further compacted by the press rollers 5, which preferably rotate in the opposite direction to the distributor rollers 11 about the axis 2. The smoothing piston 13 finally smoothes the inner wall surface of the outer layer 10a of the concrete pipe.

The compaction tool is used to form the inner layer 10b of the concrete pipe 10 moved back to its lower position in the mold jacket 14 and the distributor rollers 11, the press rollers 5 and the smoothing piston 13 are in the manner described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 in brought a position with a reduced distance to the rotatable axis 2. During or after the introduction of the material for the inner layer 10b of the concrete pipe, this inner layer through the distributor rollers 11, the Press rollers 5 and the smoothing piston 13 are manufactured as described above. Subsequently the concrete pipe 10 can be removed from the shaped jacket 14.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Disc (compaction tool)

2

driven axis

3

link guide

4

pivot

5

(Pressing) roller

6

Linear actuator

7

(Pivoting) the lever

8th

storage

9a, 9b

attack

10

concrete pipe

10a

outer layer

10b

inner layer

11

distribution role

12

pivot

13

smoothing piston

14

Barrel

Claims (17)

Compaction tool, in particular press head, which has at least one distributor or press roll (5, 11) and / or at least one press or smoothing piston (13) for producing a multi-layer concrete pipe (10) in a shaped jacket (14) or the like which has an outer lateral surface for shaping an inner wall of the concrete pipe (10) and rotates about a driven axis (2), characterized in that the at least one distributor or press roll (5, 11) and / or the at least one press or Smoothing pistons (13) are connected to the driven axle via an adjusting device (3; 6; 7) in such a way that the distance between the outer lateral surface and the driven axle (2) can be changed. Compaction tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting device comprises a link guide (3) which extends in a curved or straight path between two points at a different distance from the driven axis (2), and a link block sliding in the link guide (3) (4). Compaction tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting device has a pivot lever (7) which is mounted eccentrically with respect to the driven axis (2) and which is connected to the at least one distributor or press roller (5, 11) and / or the at least one press - Or smoothing piston (13) connected and whose end facing away from the bearing (8) can be pivoted between two points (9a, 9b) at a different distance from the driven axis (2). Compaction tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting device has at least one electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically actuable drive motor (6) which for the at least one distributor or press roller (5, 11) and / or the at least one press or smoothing piston (13) Adjustment is assigned. Compaction tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the driven axis (2) is formed by at least two coaxial hollow shafts lying one inside the other and that an electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic line leads through the inner hollow shaft to the adjusting device (3; 6; 7). Compaction tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the driven axis (2) is formed by two coaxial hollow shafts lying one inside the other, a further shaft for driving the adjusting device (3; 6; 7) being guided through the inner hollow shaft. Compaction tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a distributor with a plurality of essentially radially acting distributor rollers (11) or distributor runners, a compressor with a plurality of essentially radially acting press rollers (5) or compressor runners and a smoothing tool (13). Compaction tool according to claim 7, characterized in that the distributor (11) rotates in the opposite direction to the compressor (5) and at different speeds around the driven axis (2). Compaction tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a spray head for distributing and compacting concrete mixtures, which is arranged above the smoothing tool (13). Device for producing a multi-layer, in particular two-layer, Concrete pipe (10) with at least one stand, in which a Drivable compacting tool according to one of the preceding claims is stored, at least one turntable, on which several shaped shells (14) can be swung vertically into a stand in cycles, and at least a loading system for filling at least one concrete mixture in one of the form jackets (14). Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that at least two charging systems are assigned to a stand. Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one of the loading systems has a concrete silo with an associated filling belt. Apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that one of the loading systems has a concrete pump with a pump hose. Method for producing a multilayer, in particular two-layer, concrete pipe (10), with the following steps: Pivoting a substantially vertically standing shaped jacket (14) into a stand, Filling the shaped jacket (14) with a first concrete mixture (10a) by means of a first loading system, Distributing and compacting the concrete mixture in the molded casing (14) by means of a rotating and vertically movable compacting tool (5, 11, 13), Swiveling the essentially vertically standing shaped jacket (14) out of the stand and demolding the concrete pipe (10), characterized in that, before the demolding of the concrete pipe (10) by means of a second charging system, a second concrete mixture (10b) is poured into the essentially vertical shaped jacket (14) and the diameter of the compacting tool (5, 11, 13) for distributing and compacting the second concrete mix (10b) is reversibly reduced. A method according to claim 14, characterized in that after pivoting out and demolding the concrete pipe (10) the diameter of the compacting tool (5, 11, 13) for distributing and compacting the first concrete mixture (10a) is reversibly increased. Method according to one of claims 14 or 15, characterized in that after distributing and compacting the first concrete mixture (10a), the direction of rotation of the compacting tool (5, 11, 13) is changed. Method according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that after distributing and compacting the first concrete mixture (10a), the rotational speed of the compacting tool (5, 11, 13) is changed.

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