EP1471198A1 - Opening device of a wing with horizontal pivot axis, especially a tailgate of a vehicle - Google Patents

Opening device of a wing with horizontal pivot axis, especially a tailgate of a vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1471198A1
EP1471198A1 EP04290808A EP04290808A EP1471198A1 EP 1471198 A1 EP1471198 A1 EP 1471198A1 EP 04290808 A EP04290808 A EP 04290808A EP 04290808 A EP04290808 A EP 04290808A EP 1471198 A1 EP1471198 A1 EP 1471198A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
annular
horizontal axis
annular element
magnetic elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04290808A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
François Chery
Eric Bocher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PSA Automobiles SA
Original Assignee
Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA filed Critical Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
Publication of EP1471198A1 publication Critical patent/EP1471198A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D11/00—Additional features or accessories of hinges
    • E05D11/10—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts
    • E05D11/1028—Devices for preventing movement between relatively-movable hinge parts for maintaining the hinge in two or more positions, e.g. intermediate or fully open
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
    • E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
    • E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/20—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices in hinges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F5/00—Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefore
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means, e.g. clutches; Holders, e.g. locks; Stops; Accessories therefore
    • E05Y2201/21—Brakes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefore
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means, e.g. clutches; Holders, e.g. locks; Stops; Accessories therefore
    • E05Y2201/252—Brakes; Disengaging means, e.g. clutches; Holders, e.g. locks; Stops; Accessories therefore characterised by type of friction
    • E05Y2201/258—Magnetic or electromagnetic friction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefore
    • E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means, e.g. clutches; Holders, e.g. locks; Stops; Accessories therefore
    • E05Y2201/262—Brakes; Disengaging means, e.g. clutches; Holders, e.g. locks; Stops; Accessories therefore characterised by type of motion
    • E05Y2201/266—Brakes; Disengaging means, e.g. clutches; Holders, e.g. locks; Stops; Accessories therefore characterised by type of motion rotary
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles characterised by the type of wing
    • E05Y2900/546—Tailgates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device opening a sash with a horizontal axis, in particular a tailgate of a motor vehicle, as well as an equipped opening of such an opening device.
  • Openings with horizontal axis are equipped with less of a displacement member which assists the tilting of the opening between a closed position and a position opening.
  • This displacement member is constituted by example by a torsion bar integrated into the joint or by a gas spring with rectilinear action.
  • the resistance of active efforts must be generated by the displacement member, always greater than or at least equal to the sum of the passive forces due to the mass of the opening and the various frictions.
  • the opening does not remain stable in its maximum opening position, but it tends to descend to the position where the forces balance, i.e. in an intermediate open position substantially horizontal.
  • the invention aims to obtain an opening device which overcomes the disadvantages of the state of the art and which facilitates the gripping of a sash with a horizontal axis to toggle it between an open position and a closed position.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a device opening a sash with a horizontal axis, in particular a tailgate of a motor vehicle, of the type comprising at least a member for moving the opening between a position of closing and a maximum opening position, characterized in that it comprises at least two magnetic elements in opposite, one of the two elements being mounted on the horizontal axis and the other of said elements being connected to a part fixed and moving magnetic elements one by relation to the other determinant, on the one hand, a force of braking when opening the door between the position of closing and an intermediate position located before the position maximum opening and, on the other hand, several positions opening stop stable between this position intermediate opening and said opening position Max.
  • the subject of the invention is also an opening to horizontal axis formed by a tailgate provided with an opening device as previously mentioned.
  • the subject of the invention is also a motor vehicle, characterized in that it comprises at least one opening as previously mentioned.
  • FIG 1 there is shown schematically the rear part of a motor vehicle, for example minivan or mono sedan type generally designated by reference 1.
  • the motor vehicle 1 has a body delimiting a passenger compartment 2 containing a driving position and several rows of seats, not shown.
  • the passenger compartment 2 is delimited, inter alia, by a floor 3, a pavilion 4 and, at its rear, by an opening with a horizontal axis 5 of the tailgate type.
  • the opening 5 has, in its upper part, articulation means on the roof 4 and which are formed by a horizontal axis 6 so that the opening 5 can be moved between a closed position A of the game rear of passenger compartment 2 and an open position B maximum, by angular displacement around the horizontal axis 6, giving access to the rear part of said passenger compartment 2 '.
  • the opening 5 is movable between these two positions A and B by an arrangement, not shown, of direct acting springs, like for example a torsion bar integrated into the joint or at least one gas spring with rectilinear action.
  • the lever arm l 2 In a substantially horizontal position C, the lever arm l 2 is maximum so that the torque determined by the weight P of the opening 5 and said lever arm l 2 is also maximum.
  • the opening device comprises at least two elements magnetic opposite, one of the elements being mounted on the horizontal axis and the other of said elements being connected to a fixed part and the displacement of magnetic elements one with respect to the other determinant, on the one hand, a braking force when opening sash 5 between position A closing and an intermediate opening position D located before position B of maximum opening and, on the other hand, several stable positions for stopping the sash 5 between this intermediate opening position D and said position B of maximum opening.
  • the two magnetic elements placed in opposite generate a zone of amplitude L (Figure 1) where all the intermediate positions of the opening 5 are stable, this opening can remain immobilized whatever his position.
  • the amplitude zone L represents substantially a displacement of 60 °.
  • the magnetic elements include two annular magnets, respectively 10 and 20, with magnetization axial, each formed by a flat ring.
  • one end of the horizontal axis 6 supporting the opening 5 has a journalled bearing 11 on pads 12 having flanges axial support.
  • the bearing 12 integral in rotation with the axis horizontal 6 supports a plate 13 on which is fixed a soft iron cylinder head 14 receiving the annular element 10 having the shape of a flat ring.
  • a fixed part 8 of the framework of the vehicle supports a plate 21 forming a bearing fixed and on which is mounted a soft iron cylinder head 22 receiving the annular magnet 20 with axial magnetization and constituted by a flat ring.
  • the magnets 10 and 20 are arranged in vis-a-vis.
  • the annular magnet 10 comprises a succession of north and south poles equally distributed over the circumference and the magnet 20 also includes a succession of north poles and south equally distributed over the circumference, as shown in Figure 3.
  • Each annular magnet 10 and 20 is made of a material anisotropic with strong remanent magnetization, as by example a ceramic based on barium ferrite or strontium or an alloy made from rare earths, for example samarium-cobalt or neodymium-iron-boron.
  • the two magnets 10 and 20 antagonists being identical, the poles of opposite names attract very strongly and find as many stable positions as there are pairs of poles.
  • the brake effect between the closed position A and intermediate position D is not not continuous, but made up of a series of notches closer together that the number of poles is high. Enter here position D intermediate and position B maximum opening, the opposing magnets 10 and 20 determine several stable sash stop positions 5.
  • the magnetic elements include an annular element 30 carried by the plate 13 integral with the horizontal axis 6 and produced in one soft magnetic material with weak coercive field, such as example an isotropic metal alloy.
  • Magnetic elements also include an annular magnet 40 with magnetization axial fixed on the cylinder head 22 in soft iron which is carried by the plate 21 fixed on the fixed part 8.
  • the element annular 30 and the annular magnet 4 are arranged in opposite and each formed by a flat ring.
  • the annular magnet 40 includes a succession of north and south poles also distributed around its circumference.
  • This magnet 40 is made in an anisotropic magnetic material having a strong remanent magnetization, for example a ceramic with base of barium ferrite or strontium or an elaborate alloy from rare earths, like samarium-cobalt or again neodymium-iron-boron.
  • the annular element 30 is only magnetized by the influence and proximity of the annular magnet 40 which prints its poles in its material. So the relative rotation annular element 30 and annular magnet 40 made that each particle of this annular element 30, successively magnetized then demagnetized, goes through magnetized states of opposite polarity by describing a hysteresis cycle which involves an energy expenditure and which results in a strong resistance to movement.
  • the annular element 30 and the annular magnet 40 determine a braking force at the opening of the opening 5 between the closed position A and the position D intermediate opening and, on the other hand, several positions stopping stable of this opening 5 between position D opening position and position B of maximum opening.
  • the horizontal axis 6 comprises at one of its ends, a bearing 51 journalling on bearings 52 provided with axial support flanges.
  • a tray 53 forming a soft iron cylinder head is mounted integral in rotation with the bearing 51 and, therefore, with the axis horizontal 6.
  • the plate 53 supports an annular magnet 50 with radial magnetization.
  • On a fixed part 8 is fixed a plate 61 forming a soft iron cylinder head which supports the fixed bearing 51 and which receives an annular magnet 60 with magnetization radial.
  • the annular magnet 60 is concentric with the annular magnet 50 and located substantially in the same plan.
  • the annular magnets 50 and 60 are made of a material anisotropic with strong remanent magnetization, capable of pass through a relatively intense reverse magnetic field without undergoing demagnetization.
  • This material is for example a ceramic based on barium ferrite or strontium or an alloy made from rare earths, such as samarium-cobalt or neodymium-iron-boron.
  • the ring magnets 50 and 60 include a succession of north poles and south equally distributed over the circumference of each of these magnets.
  • the angular distribution of the poles of the two magnets antagonists 50 and 60 being the same, the name poles otherwise attract very strongly and find as many stable angular positions that there are pairs of poles.
  • the brake effect is not continuous, but consists of a series of notches the closer together the higher the number of poles.
  • the magnetic elements include an annular magnet 70 with radial magnetization supported by the plate 53 integral in rotation with the horizontal axis 6 via the bearing 51.
  • the annular magnet 70 includes a succession of north and south poles equally distributed over its circumference.
  • this annular magnet 70 is made of an anisotropic material with low remanent magnetization, for example a ceramic based on barium ferrite or strontium or an alloy made from rare earths, like for example samarium-cobalt or neodymium-iron-boron.
  • the magnetic elements also include a annular element 80 supported by the plate 61 integral with the fixed part 8.
  • This annular element 80 is produced in a soft magnetic material with a low coercive field, such as for example an isotropic metal alloy.
  • the annular magnet 70 and the annular element 80 are concentric and each formed by a cylinder.
  • the annular element 80 is only magnetized by the influence and proximity of the annular magnet 70 which prints its poles in its material.
  • the relative rotation of the annular magnet 70 and the annular element 80 means that each particle of the annular element 80, successively magnetized then demagnetized, goes through magnetized states of opposite polarity by describing a hysteresis cycle which involves an energy expenditure and which leads to strong resistance At the move.
  • the efforts resistors keep a constant value whatever the direction and extent of displacement.
  • Curve F represents the decreasing characteristic movement of the opening member 5 necessary to ensure complete opening and maintenance open of said opening 5. It can therefore be seen that at the start of the opening operation, the displacement member exerts an excess of effort S1 which makes the start of the movement brutal opening of this opening 5.
  • the opening device allows the installation of a displacement member constituted by example by a torsion bar or a gas actuator with action rectilinear, which presents an excess of limited force.
  • the opening device according to the invention allows to obtain a terminal zone of the movement opening where the sash remains stable in all positions in this area.
  • This area is defined to correspond to easy grip positions of the sash where it is desirable to stop the sash at will, especially when the ceiling height is limited. This opportunity offers also for users of modest size, ease of gripping to carry out the closing closing operation.
  • the opening device creates an effect contactless brake, therefore without wear and without variation in time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)

Abstract

The device has two magnetic units (10, 20) displaced one with respect to another for determining a braking force to open a frame e.g. tail gate (5) between a closing position and an intermediary opening position. The displacement of the magnetic units determines multiple stable positions of stopping the frame between the intermediary opening position and a maximum opening position. The magnetic unit (10) is mounted on a horizontal axis (6) of the frame (5) and the other magnetic unit (20) is connected to a fixed part (8). An independent claim is also included for a motor vehicle with a tail gate.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'ouverture d'un ouvrant à axe horizontal, notamment un hayon d'un véhicule automobile, ainsi qu'un ouvrant équipé d'un tel dispositif d'ouverture.The present invention relates to a device opening a sash with a horizontal axis, in particular a tailgate of a motor vehicle, as well as an equipped opening of such an opening device.

Les ouvrants à axe horizontal, notamment de véhicules automobiles, par exemple les hayons, sont équipés au moins d'un organe de déplacement qui assiste le basculement de l'ouvrant entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture. Cet organe de déplacement est constitué par exemple par une barre de torsion intégrée à l'articulation ou par un vérin à gaz à action rectiligne.Openings with horizontal axis, in particular of vehicles automobiles, for example tailgates, are equipped with less of a displacement member which assists the tilting of the opening between a closed position and a position opening. This displacement member is constituted by example by a torsion bar integrated into the joint or by a gas spring with rectilinear action.

Pour que l'ouvrant à axe horizontal ait une tendance naturelle à s'ouvrir sous l'effet de l'organe de déplacement associé ce qui est le cas maintenant sur les véhicules automobiles, il faut que la résistance des efforts actifs engendrés par l'organe de déplacement, soit toujours supérieure ou au moins égale à la somme des forces passives dues à la masse de l'ouvrant et aux divers frottements.So that the opening with horizontal axis has a tendency natural to open under the effect of the displacement member associated which is the case now on vehicles automobiles, the resistance of active efforts must be generated by the displacement member, always greater than or at least equal to the sum of the passive forces due to the mass of the opening and the various frictions.

Si, vers la fin de la trajectoire d'ouverture, l'effort dû à l'organe de déplacement, se trouve inférieur à l'effort résistant, l'ouvrant ne reste pas stable dans sa position d'ouverture maximale, mais il a tendance à redescendre jusqu'à la position où les efforts s'équilibrent, c'est-à-dire dans une position d'ouverture intermédiaire sensiblement horizontale.If, towards the end of the opening trajectory, the force due to the displacement member is less than the resistant force, the opening does not remain stable in its maximum opening position, but it tends to descend to the position where the forces balance, i.e. in an intermediate open position substantially horizontal.

En l'absence de toute loi de manoeuvre impliquant par exemple des jeux de leviers et d'articulations combinés, la courbe caractéristique des forces produites par un organe de déplacement constitué par exemple par un arrangement de ressorts est toujours décroissante. De ce fait, il en résulte obligatoirement un excès d'effort moteur engendré par cet organe de déplacement en début d'ouverture, ce qui provoque un départ de mouvement brutal, voire dangereux.In the absence of any law of operation involving for example sets of levers and articulations combined, the characteristic curve of the forces produced by an organ of displacement constituted for example by an arrangement of springs is always decreasing. As a result, it results necessarily an excess of engine effort generated by this movement member at the start of opening, which causes a brutal, even dangerous departure of movement.

De plus, lors de la fermeture de l'ouvrant à axe horizontal, l'utilisateur doit vaincre cet effet d'effort pour assurer une fermeture complète. Un autre inconvénient réside dans le fait que l'ouvrant n'a pas d'autre position stable que celle correspondant à la position d'ouverture maximale, cette position pouvant être incompatible avec un plafond trop bas. Enfin, cette position d'ouverture maximale peut être trop élevée pour des utilisateurs de taille modeste ce qui ne facilite pas la préhension de l'ouvrant pour effectuer la manoeuvre de fermeture.In addition, when closing the sash opening horizontal, the user must overcome this effort effect to ensure complete closure. Another downside lies in the fact that the opening has no other position stable than that corresponding to the open position maximum, this position may be incompatible with a ceiling too low. Finally, this position of maximum opening may be too high for small users which does not facilitate gripping the opening for carry out the closing operation.

L'invention vise à obtenir un dispositif d'ouverture qui pallie les inconvénients de l'état de la technique et qui facilite la préhension d'un ouvrant à axe horizontal pour le basculer entre une position d'ouverture et une position de fermeture.The invention aims to obtain an opening device which overcomes the disadvantages of the state of the art and which facilitates the gripping of a sash with a horizontal axis to toggle it between an open position and a closed position.

L'invention a donc pour objet un dispositif d'ouverture d'un ouvrant à axe horizontal, notamment un hayon d'un véhicule automobile, du type comprenant au moins un organe de déplacement de l'ouvrant entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture maximale, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins deux éléments magnétiques en vis-à-vis, l'un des deux éléments étant montés sur l'axe horizontal et l'autre desdits éléments étant relié à une partie fixe et le déplacement des éléments magnétiques l'un par rapport à l'autre déterminant, d'une part, une force de freinage à l'ouverture de l'ouvrant entre la position de fermeture et une position intermédiaire située avant la position d'ouverture maximale et, d'autre part, plusieurs positions stables d'arrêt de l'ouvrant entre cette position d'ouverture intermédiaire et ladite position d'ouverture maximale.The subject of the invention is therefore a device opening a sash with a horizontal axis, in particular a tailgate of a motor vehicle, of the type comprising at least a member for moving the opening between a position of closing and a maximum opening position, characterized in that it comprises at least two magnetic elements in opposite, one of the two elements being mounted on the horizontal axis and the other of said elements being connected to a part fixed and moving magnetic elements one by relation to the other determinant, on the one hand, a force of braking when opening the door between the position of closing and an intermediate position located before the position maximum opening and, on the other hand, several positions opening stop stable between this position intermediate opening and said opening position Max.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • les éléments magnétiques comprennent deux aimants annulaires à aimantation axiale formés chacun par un anneau plat,
  • les éléments magnétiques comprennent un élément annulaire réalisé en une matière magnétique douce à faible champ coercitif et un aimant annulaire à aimantation axiale, ledit élément annulaire et ledit aimant annulaire étant formés chacun par un anneau plat,
  • l'élément annulaire est solidaire de l'axe horizontal et l'aimant annulaire est solidaire de la partie fixe,
  • les éléments magnétiques comprennent deux aimants annulaires à aimantation radiale et concentriques formés chacun par un cylindre,
  • les éléments magnétiques comprennent un élément annulaire réalisé en une matière magnétique douce à faible champ coercitif et un aimant annulaire à aimantation radiale, ledit élément annulaire et ledit aimant annulaire étant concentriques et formés chacun par un cylindre,
  • l'aimant annulaire comprend une succession de pôles nord et sud également répartis sur la circonférence,
  • l'aimant annulaire est en un matériau anisotrope à forte aimantation rémanente,
  • le matériau est par exemple une céramique à base de ferrite de baryum ou de strontium ou un alliage élaboré à partir de terres rares, comme par exemple le samarium-cobalt ou néodyme-fer-bore,
  • la matière magnétique douce est par exemple un alliage métallique isotrope.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the magnetic elements comprise two annular magnets with axial magnetization each formed by a flat ring,
  • the magnetic elements comprise an annular element made of a soft magnetic material with a low coercive field and an annular magnet with axial magnetization, said annular element and said annular magnet being each formed by a flat ring,
  • the annular element is secured to the horizontal axis and the annular magnet is secured to the fixed part,
  • the magnetic elements comprise two annular magnets with radial and concentric magnetization each formed by a cylinder,
  • the magnetic elements comprise an annular element made of a soft magnetic material with a low coercive field and an annular magnet with radial magnetization, said annular element and said annular magnet being concentric and each formed by a cylinder,
  • the annular magnet comprises a succession of north and south poles also distributed over the circumference,
  • the annular magnet is made of an anisotropic material with strong remanent magnetization,
  • the material is for example a ceramic based on barium ferrite or strontium or an alloy produced from rare earths, such as for example samarium-cobalt or neodymium-iron-boron,
  • the soft magnetic material is for example an isotropic metal alloy.

L'invention a également pour objet un ouvrant à axe horizontal formé par un hayon muni d'un dispositif d'ouverture tel que précédemment mentionné.The subject of the invention is also an opening to horizontal axis formed by a tailgate provided with an opening device as previously mentioned.

L'invention a encore pour objet un véhicule automobile, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un ouvrant tel que précédemment mentionné.The subject of the invention is also a motor vehicle, characterized in that it comprises at least one opening as previously mentioned.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront au cours de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en coupe longitudinale d'une partie arrière d'un véhicule automobile et comportant un ouvrant à axe horizontal équipé d'un dispositif d'ouverture conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'un premier mode de réalisation d'un dispositif d'ouverture conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique en coupe transversale selon la ligne 3-3 de la figure 2,
  • la figure 4 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif d'ouverture conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 5 est une vue schématique en coupe transversale selon la ligne 5-5 de la figure 4,
  • la figure 6 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'un troisième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif d'ouverture conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 7 est une vue schématique en coupe transversale selon la ligne 7-7 de la figure 6,
  • la figure 8 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'un quatrième mode de réalisation d'un dispositif d'ouverture conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 9 est une vue schématique en coupe transversale selon la ligne 9-9 de 1a figure 8, et
  • la figure 10 représente des courbes montrant l'évolution de la force nécessaire à la manoeuvre d'ouverture de l'ouvrant en fonction de sa rotation.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent during the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view in longitudinal section of a rear part of a motor vehicle and comprising a leaf with a horizontal axis equipped with an opening device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view in axial section of a first embodiment of an opening device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view in cross section along line 3-3 of FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view in axial section of a second embodiment of an opening device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view along line 5-5 of FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view in axial section of a third embodiment of an opening device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic view in cross section along line 7-7 of FIG. 6,
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view in axial section of a fourth embodiment of an opening device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view in cross section along line 9-9 of FIG. 8, and
  • FIG. 10 represents curves showing the evolution of the force necessary for the opening operation of the opening according to its rotation.

Sur la figure 1, on a représenté schématiquement la partie arrière d'un véhicule automobile, par exemple du type monospace ou mono berline désigné de manière générale par la référence 1.In Figure 1, there is shown schematically the rear part of a motor vehicle, for example minivan or mono sedan type generally designated by reference 1.

De manière classique, le véhicule automobile 1 comporte une carrosserie délimitant un habitacle 2 contenant un poste de conduite et plusieurs rangées de sièges, non représentés. L'habitacle 2 est délimité, entre autres, par un plancher 3, un pavillon 4 et, à sa partie postérieure, par un ouvrant à axe horizontal 5 du type hayon. Conventionally, the motor vehicle 1 has a body delimiting a passenger compartment 2 containing a driving position and several rows of seats, not shown. The passenger compartment 2 is delimited, inter alia, by a floor 3, a pavilion 4 and, at its rear, by an opening with a horizontal axis 5 of the tailgate type.

L'ouvrant 5 présente, dans sa partie supérieure, des moyens d'articulation sur le pavillon 4 et qui sont formés par un axe 6 horizontal de sorte que l'ouvrant 5 peut être déplacé entre une position A de fermeture de la partie postérieure de l'habitacle 2 et une position B d'ouverture maximale, par déplacement angulaire autour de l'axe horizontal 6, donnant accès à la partie arrière dudit habitacle 2'. L'ouvrant 5 est déplaçable entre ces deux positions A et B par un arrangement, non représenté, de ressorts à action directe, comme par exemple une barre de torsion intégrée à l'articulation ou au moins un vérin à gaz à action rectiligne.The opening 5 has, in its upper part, articulation means on the roof 4 and which are formed by a horizontal axis 6 so that the opening 5 can be moved between a closed position A of the game rear of passenger compartment 2 and an open position B maximum, by angular displacement around the horizontal axis 6, giving access to the rear part of said passenger compartment 2 '. The opening 5 is movable between these two positions A and B by an arrangement, not shown, of direct acting springs, like for example a torsion bar integrated into the joint or at least one gas spring with rectilinear action.

Ainsi que montré à la figure 1, dans la position A fermée de l'ouvrant 5, le couple déterminé par le poids P de cet ouvrant 5 et le bras de levier l1 est réduit du fait de la faible valeur dudit bras de levier l2.As shown in FIG. 1, in the closed position A of the opening 5, the torque determined by the weight P of this opening 5 and the lever arm l 1 is reduced due to the low value of said lever arm l 2 .

Dans une position C sensiblement horizontale, le bras de levier l2 est maximum si bien que le couple déterminé par le poids P de l'ouvrant 5 et ledit bras de levier l2 est également maximum.In a substantially horizontal position C, the lever arm l 2 is maximum so that the torque determined by the weight P of the opening 5 and said lever arm l 2 is also maximum.

Au-delà de cette position C sensiblement horizontale, le couple déterminé par le poids P de l'ouvrant 5 et le bras de levier l3 a tendance à se réduire.Beyond this substantially horizontal position C, the torque determined by the weight P of the opening 5 and the lever arm l 3 tends to reduce.

D'une manière générale, le dispositif d'ouverture conforme à l'invention comprend au moins deux éléments magnétiques en vis-à-vis, l'un des éléments étant montés sur l'axe horizontal et l'autre desdits éléments étant relié à une partie fixe et le déplacement des éléments magnétiques l'un par rapport à l'autre déterminant, d'une part, une force de freinage à l'ouverture de l'ouvrant 5 entre la position A de fermeture et une position D d'ouverture intermédiaire située avant la position B d'ouverture maximale et, d'autre part, plusieurs positions stables d'arrêt de l'ouvrant 5 entre cette position D d'ouverture intermédiaire et ladite position B d'ouverture maximale. In general, the opening device according to the invention comprises at least two elements magnetic opposite, one of the elements being mounted on the horizontal axis and the other of said elements being connected to a fixed part and the displacement of magnetic elements one with respect to the other determinant, on the one hand, a braking force when opening sash 5 between position A closing and an intermediate opening position D located before position B of maximum opening and, on the other hand, several stable positions for stopping the sash 5 between this intermediate opening position D and said position B of maximum opening.

Ainsi, les deux éléments magnétiques placés en vis-à-vis génèrent une zone d'amplitude L (figure 1) où toutes les positions intermédiaires de l'ouvrant 5 sont stables, cet ouvrant pouvant rester immobilisé quelle que soit sa position. A titre d'exemple, la zone d'amplitude L représente sensiblement un déplacement de 60°.Thus, the two magnetic elements placed in opposite generate a zone of amplitude L (Figure 1) where all the intermediate positions of the opening 5 are stable, this opening can remain immobilized whatever his position. For example, the amplitude zone L represents substantially a displacement of 60 °.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 2 et 3, les éléments magnétiques comprennent deux aimants annulaires, respectivement 10 et 20, à aimantation axiale, formés chacun par un anneau plat.According to a first embodiment shown in Figures 2 and 3, the magnetic elements include two annular magnets, respectively 10 and 20, with magnetization axial, each formed by a flat ring.

Pour cela, une des extrémités de l'axe horizontal 6 supportant l'ouvrant 5 comporte un palier 11 tourillonnant sur des coussinets 12 comportant des collerettes d'appui axial. Le palier 12 solidaire en rotation de l'axe horizontal 6 supporte un plateau 13 sur lequel est fixée une culasse 14 en fer doux recevant l'élément annulaire 10 ayant la forme d'un anneau plat. Une partie fixe 8 de l'ossature du véhicule supporte un plateau 21 formant un palier fixe et sur lequel est montée une culasse 22 en fer doux recevant l'aimant annulaire 20 à aimantation axiale et constituée par un anneau plat.For this, one end of the horizontal axis 6 supporting the opening 5 has a journalled bearing 11 on pads 12 having flanges axial support. The bearing 12 integral in rotation with the axis horizontal 6 supports a plate 13 on which is fixed a soft iron cylinder head 14 receiving the annular element 10 having the shape of a flat ring. A fixed part 8 of the framework of the vehicle supports a plate 21 forming a bearing fixed and on which is mounted a soft iron cylinder head 22 receiving the annular magnet 20 with axial magnetization and constituted by a flat ring.

Ainsi, les aimants 10 et 20 sont disposés en vis-à-vis.Thus, the magnets 10 and 20 are arranged in vis-a-vis.

L'aimant annulaire 10 comprend une succession de pôles nord et sud également répartis sur la circonférence et l'aimant 20 comprend aussi une succession de pôles nord et sud également répartis sur la circonférence, comme représenté à la figure 3.The annular magnet 10 comprises a succession of north and south poles equally distributed over the circumference and the magnet 20 also includes a succession of north poles and south equally distributed over the circumference, as shown in Figure 3.

Chaque aimant annulaire 10 et 20 est en un matériau anisotrope à forte aimantation rémanente, comme par exemple une céramique à base de ferrite de baryum ou de strontium ou un alliage élaboré à partir de terres rares, par exemple le samarium-cobalt ou le néodyme-fer-bore.Each annular magnet 10 and 20 is made of a material anisotropic with strong remanent magnetization, as by example a ceramic based on barium ferrite or strontium or an alloy made from rare earths, for example samarium-cobalt or neodymium-iron-boron.

Les deux aimants 10 et 20 antagonistes étant identiques, les pôles de noms contraires s'attirent très fortement et trouvent autant de positions stables qu'il y a de paires de pôles. Dans ce cas, l'effet de frein entre la position A de fermeture et la position D intermédiaire n'est pas continue, mais constitué par une série de crans d'autant plus rapprochés que le nombre de pôles est élevé. Entre la position D intermédiaire et la position B d'ouverture maximale, les aimants antagonistes 10 et 20 déterminent plusieurs positions stables d'arrêt de l'ouvrant 5.The two magnets 10 and 20 antagonists being identical, the poles of opposite names attract very strongly and find as many stable positions as there are pairs of poles. In this case, the brake effect between the closed position A and intermediate position D is not not continuous, but made up of a series of notches closer together that the number of poles is high. Enter here position D intermediate and position B maximum opening, the opposing magnets 10 and 20 determine several stable sash stop positions 5.

En se reportant maintenant sur les figures 4 et 5, on va décrire un deuxième mode de réalisation du dispositif d'ouverture de l'ouvrant 5, les éléments communs au précédent mode de réalisation étant désignés par les mêmes références.Referring now to Figures 4 and 5, we will describe a second embodiment of the device opening 5, the elements common to the previous one embodiment being designated by the same references.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, les éléments magnétiques comprennent un élément annulaire 30 porté par le plateau 13 solidaire de l'axe horizontal 6 et réalisé en une matière magnétique douce à faible champ coercitif, comme par exemple un alliage métallique isotrope. Les éléments magnétiques comprennent également un aimant annulaire 40 à aimantation axiale fixé sur la culasse 22 en fer doux qui est portée par le plateau 21 fixé sur la partie fixe 8. L'élément annulaire 30 et l'aimant annulaire 4 sont disposés en vis-à-vis et formés chacun par un anneau plat.In this embodiment, the magnetic elements include an annular element 30 carried by the plate 13 integral with the horizontal axis 6 and produced in one soft magnetic material with weak coercive field, such as example an isotropic metal alloy. Magnetic elements also include an annular magnet 40 with magnetization axial fixed on the cylinder head 22 in soft iron which is carried by the plate 21 fixed on the fixed part 8. The element annular 30 and the annular magnet 4 are arranged in opposite and each formed by a flat ring.

Ainsi que montré à la figure 5, l'aimant annulaire 40 comprend une succession de pôles nord et sud également répartis sur sa circonférence. Cet aimant 40 est réalisé dans un matériau magnétique anisotrope présentant une forte aimantation rémanente, par exemple une céramique à base de ferrite de baryum ou de strontium ou un alliage élaboré à partir de terres rares, comme le samarium-cobalt ou encore le néodyme-fer-bore.As shown in Figure 5, the annular magnet 40 includes a succession of north and south poles also distributed around its circumference. This magnet 40 is made in an anisotropic magnetic material having a strong remanent magnetization, for example a ceramic with base of barium ferrite or strontium or an elaborate alloy from rare earths, like samarium-cobalt or again neodymium-iron-boron.

L'élément annulaire 30 n'est aimanté que par l'influence et la proximité de l'aimant annulaire 40 qui imprime ses pôles dans sa matière. Ainsi, la rotation relative de l'élément annulaire 30 et de l'aimant annulaire 40 fait que chaque particule de cet élément annulaire 30, successivement aimantée puis désaimantée, passe par des états magnétisés de polarité opposée en décrivant un cycle d'hystérésis qui implique une dépense énergétique et qui entraíne une forte résistance au mouvement.The annular element 30 is only magnetized by the influence and proximity of the annular magnet 40 which prints its poles in its material. So the relative rotation annular element 30 and annular magnet 40 made that each particle of this annular element 30, successively magnetized then demagnetized, goes through magnetized states of opposite polarity by describing a hysteresis cycle which involves an energy expenditure and which results in a strong resistance to movement.

Ainsi, l'élément annulaire 30 et l'aimant annulaire 40 déterminent une force de freinage à l'ouverture de l'ouvrant 5 entre la position A de fermeture et la position D d'ouverture intermédiaire et, d'autre part, plusieurs positions stables d'arrêt de cet ouvrant 5 entre la position D d'ouverture intermédiaire et la position B d'ouverture maximale.Thus, the annular element 30 and the annular magnet 40 determine a braking force at the opening of the opening 5 between the closed position A and the position D intermediate opening and, on the other hand, several positions stopping stable of this opening 5 between position D opening position and position B of maximum opening.

Selon un troisième mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 6 et 7, l'axe horizontal 6 comporte à l'une de ses extrémités, un pallier 51 tourillonnant sur des coussinets 52 munis de collerettes d'appui axial. Un plateau 53 formant une culasse en fer doux est monté solidaire en rotation avec le pallier 51 et, par conséquent, avec l'axe horizontal 6. Le plateau 53 supporte un aimant annulaire 50 à aimantation radiale. Sur une partie fixe 8 est fixé un plateau 61 formant une culasse en fer doux qui supporte le pallier fixe 51 et qui reçoit un aimant annulaire 60 à aimantation radiale. L'aimant annulaire 60 est concentrique à l'aimant annulaire 50 et situé sensiblement dans le même plan.According to a third embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the horizontal axis 6 comprises at one of its ends, a bearing 51 journalling on bearings 52 provided with axial support flanges. A tray 53 forming a soft iron cylinder head is mounted integral in rotation with the bearing 51 and, therefore, with the axis horizontal 6. The plate 53 supports an annular magnet 50 with radial magnetization. On a fixed part 8 is fixed a plate 61 forming a soft iron cylinder head which supports the fixed bearing 51 and which receives an annular magnet 60 with magnetization radial. The annular magnet 60 is concentric with the annular magnet 50 and located substantially in the same plan.

Les aimants annulaires 50 et 60 sont en un matériau anisotrope à forte aimantation rémanente, capable de passer dans un champ magnétique inverse relativement intense sans subir de désaimantation. Ce matériau est par exemple une céramique à base de ferrite de baryum ou de strontium ou un alliage élaboré à partir de terres rares, comme le samarium-cobalt ou encore le néodyme-fer-bore.The annular magnets 50 and 60 are made of a material anisotropic with strong remanent magnetization, capable of pass through a relatively intense reverse magnetic field without undergoing demagnetization. This material is for example a ceramic based on barium ferrite or strontium or an alloy made from rare earths, such as samarium-cobalt or neodymium-iron-boron.

Ainsi que montré à la figure 7, les aimants annulaires 50 et 60 comprennent une succession de pôles nord et sud également répartis sur la circonférence de chacun de ces aimants. La répartition angulaire des pôles des deux aimants antagonistes 50 et 60 étant la même, les pôles de nom contraire s'attirent très fortement et trouvent autant de positions angulaires stables qu'il y a de paires de pôles. Comme dans le premier mode de réalisation, pour quitter ces positions, on doit exercer un effort sensiblement proportionnel à la masse des aimants utilisés. L'effet de frein n'est pas continu, mais constitué par une série de crans d'autant plus rapprochés que le nombre de pôles est élevé.As shown in Figure 7, the ring magnets 50 and 60 include a succession of north poles and south equally distributed over the circumference of each of these magnets. The angular distribution of the poles of the two magnets antagonists 50 and 60 being the same, the name poles otherwise attract very strongly and find as many stable angular positions that there are pairs of poles. As in the first embodiment, to leave these positions, one must exert a substantially proportional effort to the mass of the magnets used. The brake effect is not continuous, but consists of a series of notches the closer together the higher the number of poles.

En se reportant maintenant aux figures 8 et 9, on va décrire un quatrième mode de réalisation du dispositif d'ouverture de l'ouvrant 5, les éléments communs aux troisième mode de réalisation étant désignés par les mêmes références.Referring now to Figures 8 and 9, we will describe a fourth embodiment of the device opening 5, the elements common to the third embodiment being designated by the same references.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, les éléments magnétiques comprennent un aimant annulaire 70 à aimantation radiale supporté par le plateau 53 solidaire en rotation avec l'axe horizontal 6 par l'intermédiaire du pallier 51. Comme montré à la figure 9, l'aimant annulaire 70 comprend une succession de pôles nord et sud également répartis sur sa circonférence. Dans ce cas également, cet aimant annulaire 70 est en un matériau anisotrope à faible aimantation rémanente, par exemple une céramique à base de ferrite de baryum ou de strontium ou un alliage élaboré à partir de terres rares, comme par exemple le samarium-cobalt ou le néodyme-fer-bore.In this embodiment, the magnetic elements include an annular magnet 70 with radial magnetization supported by the plate 53 integral in rotation with the horizontal axis 6 via the bearing 51. As shown in Figure 9, the annular magnet 70 includes a succession of north and south poles equally distributed over its circumference. In this case also, this annular magnet 70 is made of an anisotropic material with low remanent magnetization, for example a ceramic based on barium ferrite or strontium or an alloy made from rare earths, like for example samarium-cobalt or neodymium-iron-boron.

Les éléments magnétiques comprennent aussi un élément annulaire 80 supporté par le plateau 61 solidaire de la partie fixe 8. Cet élément annulaire 80 est réalisé en une matière magnétique douce à faible champ coercitif, comme par exemple un alliage métallique isotrope.The magnetic elements also include a annular element 80 supported by the plate 61 integral with the fixed part 8. This annular element 80 is produced in a soft magnetic material with a low coercive field, such as for example an isotropic metal alloy.

L'aimant annulaire 70 et l'élément annulaire 80 sont concentriques et formés chacun par un cylindre.The annular magnet 70 and the annular element 80 are concentric and each formed by a cylinder.

L'élément annulaire 80 n'est aimanté que par l'influence et la proximité de l'aimant annulaire 70 qui imprime ses pôles dans sa matière. La rotation relative de l'aimant annulaire 70 et de l'élément annulaire 80 fait que chaque particule de l'élément annulaire 80, successivement aimantée puis désaimantée, passe par des états magnétisés de polarité opposée en décrivant un cycle d'hystérésis qui implique une dépense énergétique et qui entraíne une forte résistance au mouvement. Dans cette configuration, les efforts résistants conservent une valeur constante quels que soient le sens et l'ampleur du déplacement.The annular element 80 is only magnetized by the influence and proximity of the annular magnet 70 which prints its poles in its material. The relative rotation of the annular magnet 70 and the annular element 80 means that each particle of the annular element 80, successively magnetized then demagnetized, goes through magnetized states of opposite polarity by describing a hysteresis cycle which involves an energy expenditure and which leads to strong resistance At the move. In this configuration, the efforts resistors keep a constant value whatever the direction and extent of displacement.

Sur la figure 10, on a représenté l'évolution de la force nécessaire à la manoeuvre d'ouverture de l'ouvrant 5 en fonction de la rotation α de cet ouvrant 5.In FIG. 10, the evolution of the force required to open the opening 5 as a function of the rotation α of this opening 5.

La courbe F représente la caractéristique décroissante minimale de l'organe de déplacement de l'ouvrant 5 nécessaire pour assurer l'ouverture complète et le maintien ouvert dudit ouvrant 5. On constate donc, qu'au début de la manoeuvre d'ouverture, l'organe de déplacement exerce un excès d'effort S1 qui rend brutal le démarrage du mouvement d'ouverture de cet ouvrant 5.Curve F represents the decreasing characteristic movement of the opening member 5 necessary to ensure complete opening and maintenance open of said opening 5. It can therefore be seen that at the start of the opening operation, the displacement member exerts an excess of effort S1 which makes the start of the movement brutal opening of this opening 5.

Grâce à l'existence d'une force de freinage exercée par les deux éléments magnétiques du dispositif d'ouverture conforme à l'invention, de part et d'autre de la courbe E, dont la zone est définie par les courbes H et I, montre qu'un organe de déplacement de caractéristique conduisant à un excès de force S2 nettement plus faible que l'excès de force S1 est suffisant pour assurer le maintien stable de l'ouvrant 5 entre la position D intermédiaire et la position B d'ouverture maximale de l'ouvrant 5 (figure 1) .Thanks to the existence of a braking force exerted by the two magnetic elements of the device opening according to the invention, on either side of the curve E, the area of which is defined by curves H and I, shows that a characteristic displacement member leading to a significantly weaker excess force S2 than excess force S1 is sufficient to maintain stable opening 5 between position D intermediate and the position B of maximum opening of the opening 5 (figure 1).

On voit également sur la figure 10, que pour toute la zone de mouvement située après l'intersection J des courbes H et I, la force due au poids de l'ouvrant 5 ne peut entraíner aucun mouvement de cet ouvrant qui reste figé dans la position où il a été laissé. We also see in Figure 10, that for the entire movement area located after the intersection J of the curves H and I, the force due to the weight of the leaf 5 cannot cause no movement of this opening which remains frozen in the position where it was left.

Le dispositif d'ouverture selon l'invention permet l'installation d'un organe de déplacement constitué par exemple par une barre de torsion ou un vérin à gaz à action rectiligne, qui présente un excès de force limitée.The opening device according to the invention allows the installation of a displacement member constituted by example by a torsion bar or a gas actuator with action rectilinear, which presents an excess of limited force.

De plus, le dispositif d'ouverture selon l'invention permet d'obtenir une zone terminale du mouvement d'ouverture où l'ouvrant reste stable dans toutes les positions dans cette zone.In addition, the opening device according to the invention allows to obtain a terminal zone of the movement opening where the sash remains stable in all positions in this area.

Cette zone est définie pour correspondre à des positions de préhension aisée de l'ouvrant où il est souhaitable d'arrêter l'ouvrant à sa guise, en particulier quand la hauteur sous plafond est limitée. Cette opportunité offre aussi aux utilisateurs de taille modeste, une facilité de préhension pour effectuer la manoeuvre de fermeture de l'ouvrant.This area is defined to correspond to easy grip positions of the sash where it is desirable to stop the sash at will, especially when the ceiling height is limited. This opportunity offers also for users of modest size, ease of gripping to carry out the closing closing operation.

Enfin, le dispositif d'ouverture créée un effet de frein sans contact, donc sans usure et sans variation dans le temps.Finally, the opening device creates an effect contactless brake, therefore without wear and without variation in time.

Claims (14)

Dispositif d'ouverture d'un ouvrant (5) à axe horizontal (6), notamment un hayon d'un véhicule automobile, du type comprenant au moins un organe de déplacement de l'ouvrant (5) entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture maximale, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins deux éléments magnétiques (10-20;30-40;50-60;70-80) en vis-à-vis, l'un des éléments étant monté sur l'axe horizontal (6) et l'autre desdits éléments étant relié à une partie fixe (8) et le déplacement des éléments magnétiques l'un par rapport à l'autre déterminant, d'une part, une force de freinage à l'ouverture de l'ouvrant (5) entre la position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture intermédiaire située avant la position d'ouverture maximale et, d'autre part, plusieurs positions stables d'arrêt de l'ouvrant (5) entre cette position d'ouverture intermédiaire et ladite position d'ouverture maximale.Device for opening a door (5) with a horizontal axis (6), in particular a tailgate of a motor vehicle, of the type comprising at least one member for moving the door (5) between a closed position and a maximum opening position, characterized in that it comprises at least two magnetic elements (10-20; 30-40; 50-60; 70-80) facing each other, one of the elements being mounted on the horizontal axis (6) and the other of said elements being connected to a fixed part (8) and the displacement of the magnetic elements relative to each other determining, on the one hand, a braking force at l opening of the opening (5) between the closed position and an intermediate opening position located before the maximum opening position and, on the other hand, several stable positions for stopping the opening (5) between this intermediate opening position and said maximum opening position. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments magnétiques comprennent deux aimants annulaires (10-20) à aimantation axiale formés chacun par un anneau plat.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic elements comprise two annular magnets (10-20) with axial magnetization each formed by a flat ring. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments magnétiques comprennent un élément annulaire (30) réalisé en une matière magnétique douce à faible champ coercitif et un élément annulaire (40) à aimantation axiale, ledit élément annulaire (30) et ledit élément annulaire (40) étant formés chacun par un anneau plat.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic elements comprise an annular element (30) made of a soft magnetic material with low coercive field and an annular element (40) with axial magnetization, said annular element (30) and said element annular (40) being each formed by a flat ring. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'élément annulaire (30) est solidaire de l'axe horizontal (6) et l'élément annulaire (40) est solidaire de la partie fixe (8).Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the annular element (30) is integral with the horizontal axis (6) and the annular element (40) is integral with the fixed part (8). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments magnétiques comprennent deux aimants annulaires (50-60) à aimantation radiale et concentriques, et formés chacun par un cylindre.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic elements comprise two annular magnets (50-60) with radial magnetization and concentric, and each formed by a cylinder. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments magnétiques comprennent un élément annulaire (80) réalisé en une matière magnétique douce à faible champ coercitif et un aimant annulaire (70) à aimantation radiale, ledit élément annulaire (80) et ledit élément annulaire (70) étant concentriques et formés chacun par un cylindre.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic elements comprise an annular element (80) made of a soft magnetic material with low coercive field and an annular magnet (70) with radial magnetization, said annular element (80) and said element annular (70) being concentric and each formed by a cylinder. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'élément annulaire (80) est solidaire de la partie fixe (8) et l'aimant annulaire (70) est solidaire de l'axe horizontal (6).Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the annular element (80) is integral with the fixed part (8) and the annular magnet (70) is integral with the horizontal axis (6). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'aimant annulaire (10-20;40;50-60;70) comprend une succession de pôles nord et sud également répartis sur la circonférence.Device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the annular magnet (10-20; 40; 50-60; 70) comprises a succession of north and south poles also distributed over the circumference. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'aimant annulaire (10-20;40;50-60;70) est en un matériau anisotrope à forte aimantation rémanente.Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the annular magnet (10-20; 40; 50-60; 70) is made of an anisotropic material with strong remanent magnetization. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le matériau est par exemple une céramique à base de ferrite de baryum ou de strontium ou un alliage élaboré à partir de terres rares, comme par exemple le samarium-cobalt ou néodyme-fer-bore.Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the material is for example a ceramic based on barium ferrite or strontium or an alloy produced from rare earths, such as for example samarium-cobalt or neodymium-iron-boron. Dispositif selon la revendication 3 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la matière magnétique douce est par exemple un alliage métallique isotrope.Device according to claim 3 or 6, characterized in that the soft magnetic material is for example an isotropic metal alloy. Ouvrant à axe horizontal, notamment de véhicules automobiles, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif d'ouverture selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.Opening with a horizontal axis, in particular for motor vehicles, characterized in that it comprises an opening device according to any one of the preceding claims. Ouvrant selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'ouvrant (5) est formé par un hayon. Opening according to claim 12, characterized in that the opening (5) is formed by a tailgate. Véhicule automobile, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un ouvrant (5) selon la revendication 12 ou 13.Motor vehicle, characterized in that it comprises at least one opening (5) according to claim 12 or 13.
EP04290808A 2003-04-25 2004-03-25 Opening device of a wing with horizontal pivot axis, especially a tailgate of a vehicle Withdrawn EP1471198A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0305133 2003-04-25
FR0305133A FR2854189B1 (en) 2003-04-25 2003-04-25 DEVICE FOR OPENING A HORIZONTAL AXIS OPENER, IN PARTICULAR A TAIL FROM A MOTOR VEHICLE.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1471198A1 true EP1471198A1 (en) 2004-10-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04290808A Withdrawn EP1471198A1 (en) 2003-04-25 2004-03-25 Opening device of a wing with horizontal pivot axis, especially a tailgate of a vehicle

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1471198A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2854189B1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2896741A1 (en) * 2006-08-22 2007-08-03 Faurecia Interieur Ind Snc Motor vehicle interior stowage compartment has moulded magnets to hold lid in open and closed positions
DE102006032747A1 (en) * 2006-07-14 2008-01-17 Faurecia Innenraum Systeme Gmbh Interior lining part e.g. dashboard, for motor vehicle e.g. passenger car, has hysteresis-brake braking swiveling movement of cover around axis, and including excitation coil and multi-polar magnetic permanent magnet for field generation
EP1835109A3 (en) * 2006-03-14 2013-07-31 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Compensating device for a closing mechanism of a rear door that is rotatable about an axis

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2798952A1 (en) * 1999-09-28 2001-03-30 Peguform France Automobile tailgate with friction retention comprises sector on side edge with friction section supported against peg on vehicle fixed part
FR2830893A1 (en) * 2001-10-15 2003-04-18 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Equipment for stopping vehicle door or opening, comprises rack and pinion actuated by door movement and rotating disk with magnetic sectors opposite to similar disk which is fixed rigidly to door

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2798952A1 (en) * 1999-09-28 2001-03-30 Peguform France Automobile tailgate with friction retention comprises sector on side edge with friction section supported against peg on vehicle fixed part
FR2830893A1 (en) * 2001-10-15 2003-04-18 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Equipment for stopping vehicle door or opening, comprises rack and pinion actuated by door movement and rotating disk with magnetic sectors opposite to similar disk which is fixed rigidly to door

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1835109A3 (en) * 2006-03-14 2013-07-31 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Compensating device for a closing mechanism of a rear door that is rotatable about an axis
DE102006032747A1 (en) * 2006-07-14 2008-01-17 Faurecia Innenraum Systeme Gmbh Interior lining part e.g. dashboard, for motor vehicle e.g. passenger car, has hysteresis-brake braking swiveling movement of cover around axis, and including excitation coil and multi-polar magnetic permanent magnet for field generation
DE102006032747B4 (en) * 2006-07-14 2013-06-06 Faurecia Innenraum Systeme Gmbh Motor vehicle interior trim part with a hysteresis brake
FR2896741A1 (en) * 2006-08-22 2007-08-03 Faurecia Interieur Ind Snc Motor vehicle interior stowage compartment has moulded magnets to hold lid in open and closed positions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2854189B1 (en) 2006-02-17
FR2854189A1 (en) 2004-10-29

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