EP1469183A1 - Control device for an ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Control device for an ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- EP1469183A1 EP1469183A1 EP04300205A EP04300205A EP1469183A1 EP 1469183 A1 EP1469183 A1 EP 1469183A1 EP 04300205 A EP04300205 A EP 04300205A EP 04300205 A EP04300205 A EP 04300205A EP 1469183 A1 EP1469183 A1 EP 1469183A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000021183 entrée Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/02—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
- H02N2/06—Drive circuits; Control arrangements or methods
- H02N2/065—Large signal circuits, e.g. final stages
- H02N2/067—Large signal circuits, e.g. final stages generating drive pulses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D41/2096—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D2041/2003—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost voltage, i.e. generation or use of a voltage higher than the battery voltage, e.g. to speed up injector opening
- F02D2041/201—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost voltage, i.e. generation or use of a voltage higher than the battery voltage, e.g. to speed up injector opening by using a boost inductance
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D2041/2003—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost voltage, i.e. generation or use of a voltage higher than the battery voltage, e.g. to speed up injector opening
- F02D2041/2013—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils using means for creating a boost voltage, i.e. generation or use of a voltage higher than the battery voltage, e.g. to speed up injector opening by using a boost voltage source
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for controlling an actuator electrically controlled ultrasonic piezoelectric, and more particularly of a piezoelectric stage fuel injector controlled by the injection computer of an internal combustion engine in a motor vehicle. She further relates to a method of implementing the device.
- the problem which the invention aims to solve is the excitement piezoelectric cells to vibrate the structure of an ultrasonic injector, as described in the French patent application, filed under the number 99 14548 in the name of the Claimant.
- This type of injector very finely sprays the fuel in calibrated droplets to ensure precise and sufficient dosing small to ensure complete and homogeneous spraying of the injected fuel.
- an ultrasonic injector has a cylindrical nozzle supplied with fuel and at the end of which is provided an injection orifice, and means cyclic vibration of the nozzle, such as a transducer, having a stage in piezoelectric ceramic at the terminals of which the electrical voltage is varied to modify its thickness between two extreme positions corresponding to the opening and when the injector is closed, to the nearest gear ratio.
- Ceramic piezoelectric injector is equivalent to first order to a capacity whose charging voltage is high, greater than a hundred volts.
- the supply voltage has the value 12 or 42 volts, which involves increasing this voltage to ensure charging and discharging ceramic.
- the first high voltage generation stage consists of a first branch comprising a first inductor L 1 connected to a cutting switch S 1 , mounted in anti-parallel mode with a freewheeling diode d 1 , and by a second branch mounted in parallel on the cutting switch S 1 and comprising a diode D connected to a filtering capacitor C, one of the terminals of said diode D being connected to the junction point J 1 of the inductance L 1 and of the switch S 1 of the first branch, the high supply voltage being supplied at the terminals of the capacity C.
- the second generation stage of a current source consists of a branch comprising a second inductor L 2 connected to a cutting switch S 2 mounted in anti-parallel mode with a freewheeling diode d 2 , said inductor L 2 of determined value for producing an oscillating circuit with each piloted injector being connected on one side to the junction point J 2 of the diode D with the filtering capacity of the first stage and on the other side to the switch S 2 .
- the aim of the invention is to propose a new topology without transformer, simplified compared to the prior art, having only one element inductive to generate an alternating voltage across an injector from a source of DC voltage.
- a first object of the invention is a device for controlling at least one ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator, electronically controlled from a control computer and from a DC voltage source, characterized in that being supplied by the voltage source, delivering a continuous output voltage E between two extreme terminals B + and B., it comprises, connected in parallel to said terminals, a resonance inductor L p in series with a set of two branches in parallel , each comprising a first switch P 11 and P 12 in series with a diode d 1 and d 2 respectively, the two diodes being mounted head to tail, connected by a junction point J to a second switch P 2 mounted in anti-parallel with a diode D and delivering at its terminals a high alternating voltage with a DC component serving as an excitation voltage for the actuator A i which is mounted in parallel at its terminals.
- the resonance inductor L p is mounted in series between the terminal B + of the voltage source and the set of two branches, itself connected by the junction point J at a first terminal of the second switch P 2 mounted in anti-parallel with a diode D, the other terminal of which is connected to the terminal B- of the voltage source, the actuator being mounted in parallel between the point of junction J and the terminal B-of the source.
- the resonance inductor L p is connected in series between the terminal B + of the voltage source and a first terminal of the second switch P 2 mounted in anti-parallel with the diode D, the second terminal of which is connected by the junction point J to a first terminal of the set of two branches, the other terminal of which is connected to the terminal B- of the voltage source, the actuator being mounted in parallel between the junction point between the inductance L p and the switch on the one hand and the junction point J on the other.
- the invention consists in generating a high voltage sinusoidal signal, greater than a hundred volts, and high frequency, greater than ten kilohertz, on the piezoelectric cell of each fuel injector of a vehicle from a DC voltage source, i.e. the battery.
- a DC voltage source i.e. the battery.
- it offers two variants different from an actuator control device topology ensuring the excitation of said piezoelectric ceramics, through an inductor for constitute a resonant circuit.
- These structures are valid from 1 to N injectors, N being an integer preferably equal to 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 or 12.
- the number of injectors ordered is 4 in the following description.
- the control device of a piezoelectric actuator A i is supplied by a DC voltage source, such as an electric battery 12 Volts or 42 Volts from the vehicle, or a DC-DC converter, which delivers a direct voltage E between its two extreme terminals B- and B +.
- a DC voltage source such as an electric battery 12 Volts or 42 Volts from the vehicle, or a DC-DC converter, which delivers a direct voltage E between its two extreme terminals B- and B +.
- a resonance inductor L p in series with a set of two branches in parallel which each include a first switch P 11 and P 12 in series with a diode d 1 and d 2 respectively, these diodes being mounted head to tail relative to each other.
- junction point J of these two branches which is not connected to the inductance L p , is connected to a first terminal of a second switch P 2 , mounted in anti-parallel with a diode D, and whose second terminal is connected to terminal B- of the voltage source E.
- At least one actuator A i is mounted between the terminals of said second switch P 2 which delivers a high alternating excitation voltage V pi with a DC component.
- piezoelectric ultrasonic actuators A 1 to A 4 they are mounted in parallel at the terminals of this switch P 2 in anti-parallel with the diode D, each being connected to a selection switch S 1 to S 4 controlled by the electronic engine control computer which chooses the injector to be excited so that it injects the fuel into the determined cylinder.
- the resonance inductance L p is dimensioned so that its resonant frequency with the input capacity of the piezoelectric actuator is greater than the recurrence frequency of the switches, ie the ultrasonic control frequency of the piezoelectric injectors.
- the operating principle of the device is based both on the reactive nature of the inductance L p and the input impedance of the selected actuator, as well as on the rapid charging and discharging of the piezoelectric by an inductor dimensioned so that its resonance with the input capacity of the injector takes place at a frequency greater than the frequency of repetition of the desired voltage pattern.
- the cycle is repeated until the selection of another actuator, for which the cycle will be the same.
- FIG. 4 a represents the control signals of the second switch P 2 in anti-parallel with the diode D and FIGS. 4 b and 4 c represent the control signals for opening and closing respectively of the first switches P 11 and P 12 of the two branches in parallel.
- the current I LP increases in absolute value in the inductance L p up to a maximum value -I max of load of the inductance then drops suddenly to the zero value at the instant t 1 of the start of discharge of the inductance in the actuator A i .
- the switch P 2 being open, the voltage V pi is zero across the actuator but at time t 1 it changes to the value V max intended to excite it.
- the switch P 12 is closed, the excitation voltage V pi becomes zero and the actuator A i discharges into the inductance L p , creating a current I LP in the inductance, of opposite direction to the load current and maximum value + I maX during step D).
- the voltage V pi is zero because the switch P 2 is closed.
- the inductance L p is connected in series between the terminal B + of the voltage source E and a first terminal of the second switch P 2 mounted in anti-parallel with diode D, at the terminals of which the excitation voltage of the selected actuator is obtained.
- the second terminal is connected by the junction point J to a first terminal of the set of two branches, the other terminal of which is connected to the terminal B- of the voltage source.
- the actuator A i is mounted in parallel between the junction point J and the point connecting the inductance L p and the switch P 2 .
- FIG. 2 represents a device for controlling four piezoelectric ceramic actuators A 1 to A 4 mounted in parallel at the terminals of the switch P 2 , each piezoelectric actuator A 1 , to A 4 being connected in series with a selection switch S 1 to S 4 , controlled by the engine control computer which selects the piezoelectric injector to be excited.
- the switches of the two branches can be of the MOSFET type with diode intrinsic or IGBT or transistor type.
- One of the advantages of the invention is to propose a control topology piezoelectric injectors which uses a reduced number of inductive components, in the occurrence of a single inductor which allows rapid charging and discharging of piezoelectric washers with respect to the repetition frequency of the command.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de commande d'un actuateur piézo-électrique ultrasonore piloté électriquement, et plus particulièrement d'un injecteur de carburant à étage piézo-électrique piloté par le calculateur d'injection électrique d'un moteur à combustion interne dans un véhicule automobile. Elle concerne de plus un procédé de mise en oeuvre du dispositif.The present invention relates to a device for controlling an actuator electrically controlled ultrasonic piezoelectric, and more particularly of a piezoelectric stage fuel injector controlled by the injection computer of an internal combustion engine in a motor vehicle. She further relates to a method of implementing the device.
Plus précisément, le problème que vise à résoudre l'invention est l'excitation des cellules piézo-électriques pour faire vibrer la structure d'un injecteur ultrasonore, telle que décrite dans la demande de brevet français, déposée sous le numéro 99 14548 au nom de la Demanderesse. Ce type d'injecteur pulvérise très finement le carburant en gouttelettes calibrées pour assurer un dosage précis et suffisamment petites pour assurer la vaporisation complète et homogène du carburant injecté. Un tel injecteur ultrasonore comporte entre autres une buse cylindrique alimentée en carburant et à l'extrémité de laquelle est ménagé un orifice d'injection, et des moyens de mise en vibration cyclique de la buse, tel un transducteur, comportant un étage en céramique piézo-électrique aux bornes de laquelle on fait varier la tension électrique pour modifier son épaisseur entre deux positions extrêmes correspondant à l'ouverture et à la fermeture de l'injecteur, à un rapport de démultiplication près. Une céramique piézo-électrique d'injecteur est équivalente au premier ordre à une capacité dont la tension de chargement est élevée, supérieure à une centaine de volts.More precisely, the problem which the invention aims to solve is the excitement piezoelectric cells to vibrate the structure of an ultrasonic injector, as described in the French patent application, filed under the number 99 14548 in the name of the Claimant. This type of injector very finely sprays the fuel in calibrated droplets to ensure precise and sufficient dosing small to ensure complete and homogeneous spraying of the injected fuel. Such among other things, an ultrasonic injector has a cylindrical nozzle supplied with fuel and at the end of which is provided an injection orifice, and means cyclic vibration of the nozzle, such as a transducer, having a stage in piezoelectric ceramic at the terminals of which the electrical voltage is varied to modify its thickness between two extreme positions corresponding to the opening and when the injector is closed, to the nearest gear ratio. Ceramic piezoelectric injector is equivalent to first order to a capacity whose charging voltage is high, greater than a hundred volts.
Dans un véhicule automobile, la tension d'alimentation a pour valeur 12 ou 42 volts, ce qui implique d'augmenter cette tension pour assurer la charge et la décharge de la céramique.In a motor vehicle, the supply voltage has the value 12 or 42 volts, which involves increasing this voltage to ensure charging and discharging ceramic.
il existe actuellement différentes topologies de dispositifs de commande pour injecteur piézo-électrique, dont les topologies à transformateur qui ont pour inconvénients d'être chères à réaliser et de présenter un couplage de la résonance électrique avec la résonance magnétique. Il existe également des topologies sans transformateur, donc sans isolation galvanique, dont un exemple de réalisation est décrit dans la demande de brevet français, déposée sous le numéro 02 14665, au nom de Renault. Cette demande propose un dispositif de commande qui comporte :
- un premier étage, alimenté par la source de tension continue, d'amplification de ladite tension pour générer une haute tension ;
- un deuxième étage, alimenté par la haute tension générée par le premier étage, de génération d'une source de courant pour alimenter les injecteurs ;
- un troisième étage de sélection des injecteurs piézo-électriques à piloter ;
- un quatrième étage de pilotage de la tension d'excitation Vpi des injecteurs.
- a first stage, supplied by the DC voltage source, for amplifying said voltage to generate a high voltage;
- a second stage, supplied by the high voltage generated by the first stage, for generating a current source for supplying the injectors;
- a third stage for selecting the piezoelectric injectors to be controlled;
- a fourth stage for controlling the excitation voltage V pi of the injectors.
Le premier étage de génération d'une haute tension est constitué par une première branche comprenant une première inductance L1 reliée à un interrupteur S1 de découpage, monté en anti-parallèle avec une diode d1 de roue libre, et par une deuxième branche montée en parallèle sur l'interrupteur S1 de découpage et comprenant une diode D reliée à une capacité de filtrage C, une des bornes de ladite diode D étant reliée au point de jonction J1 de l'inductance L1 et de l'interrupteur S1 de la première branche, la haute tension d'alimentation étant délivrée aux bornes de la capacité C.The first high voltage generation stage consists of a first branch comprising a first inductor L 1 connected to a cutting switch S 1 , mounted in anti-parallel mode with a freewheeling diode d 1 , and by a second branch mounted in parallel on the cutting switch S 1 and comprising a diode D connected to a filtering capacitor C, one of the terminals of said diode D being connected to the junction point J 1 of the inductance L 1 and of the switch S 1 of the first branch, the high supply voltage being supplied at the terminals of the capacity C.
Quant au deuxième étage de génération d'une source de courant, il est constitué par une branche comprenant une seconde inductance L2 reliée à un interrupteur S2 de découpage monté en anti-parallèle avec une diode d2 de roue libre, ladite inductance L2 de valeur déterminée pour réaliser un circuit oscillant avec chaque injecteur piloté étant reliée d'un côté au point de jonction J2 de la diode D avec la capacité de filtrage du premier étage et de l'autre côté à l'interrupteur S2.As for the second generation stage of a current source, it consists of a branch comprising a second inductor L 2 connected to a cutting switch S 2 mounted in anti-parallel mode with a freewheeling diode d 2 , said inductor L 2 of determined value for producing an oscillating circuit with each piloted injector being connected on one side to the junction point J 2 of the diode D with the filtering capacity of the first stage and on the other side to the switch S 2 .
Le but de l'invention est de proposer une nouvelle topologie sans transformateur, simplifiée par rapport à l'art antérieur, n'ayant qu'un seul élément selfique pour générer une tension alternative aux bornes d'un injecteur à partir d'une source de tension continue.The aim of the invention is to propose a new topology without transformer, simplified compared to the prior art, having only one element inductive to generate an alternating voltage across an injector from a source of DC voltage.
Pour cela, un premier objet de l'invention est un dispositif de commande d'au moins un actuateur piézo-électrique ultrasonore, piloté électroniquement à partir d'un calculateur de contrôle et d'une source de tension continue, caractérisé en ce qu'étant alimenté par la source de tension, délivrant une tension de sortie continue E entre deux bornes extrêmes B+ et B., il comporte, connectée en parallèle auxdites bornes, une inductance de résonance Lp en série avec un ensemble de deux branches en parallèle, comprenant chacune un premier interrupteur P11 et P12 en série avec une diode d1 et d2 respectivement, les deux diodes étant montées tête-bêche, relié par un point de jonction J à un second interrupteur P2 monté en anti-parallèle avec une diode D et délivrant à ses bornes une haute tension alternative à composante continue servant de tension d'excitation à l'actuateur Ai qui est monté en parallèle à ses bornes.For this, a first object of the invention is a device for controlling at least one ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator, electronically controlled from a control computer and from a DC voltage source, characterized in that being supplied by the voltage source, delivering a continuous output voltage E between two extreme terminals B + and B., it comprises, connected in parallel to said terminals, a resonance inductor L p in series with a set of two branches in parallel , each comprising a first switch P 11 and P 12 in series with a diode d 1 and d 2 respectively, the two diodes being mounted head to tail, connected by a junction point J to a second switch P 2 mounted in anti-parallel with a diode D and delivering at its terminals a high alternating voltage with a DC component serving as an excitation voltage for the actuator A i which is mounted in parallel at its terminals.
Selon une autre caractéristique du dispositif de commande alimenté par la source de tension continue, l'inductance de résonance Lp est montée en série entre la borne B+ de la source de tension et l'ensemble des deux branches, lui-même relié par le point de jonction J à une première borne du second interrupteur P2 monté en anti-parallèle avec une diode D dont l'autre borne est reliée à la borne B- de la source de tension, l'actuateur étant monté en parallèle entre le point de jonction J et la borne B-de la source.According to another characteristic of the control device supplied by the DC voltage source, the resonance inductor L p is mounted in series between the terminal B + of the voltage source and the set of two branches, itself connected by the junction point J at a first terminal of the second switch P 2 mounted in anti-parallel with a diode D, the other terminal of which is connected to the terminal B- of the voltage source, the actuator being mounted in parallel between the point of junction J and the terminal B-of the source.
Selon une autre caractéristique du dispositif de commande alimenté par la source de tension continue, l'inductance de résonance Lp est montée en série entre la borne B+ de la source de tension et une première borne du second interrupteur P2 monté en anti-parallèle avec la diode D, dont la seconde borne est reliée par le point de jonction J à une première borne de l'ensemble des deux branches dont l'autre borne est reliée à la borne B- de la source de tension, l'actuateur étant monté en parallèle entre le point de jonction entre l'inductance Lp et l'interrupteur d'une part et le point de jonction J d'autre part.According to another characteristic of the control device supplied by the DC voltage source, the resonance inductor L p is connected in series between the terminal B + of the voltage source and a first terminal of the second switch P 2 mounted in anti-parallel with the diode D, the second terminal of which is connected by the junction point J to a first terminal of the set of two branches, the other terminal of which is connected to the terminal B- of the voltage source, the actuator being mounted in parallel between the junction point between the inductance L p and the switch on the one hand and the junction point J on the other.
Un second objet de l'invention est un procédé de mise en oeuvre du dispositif
de commande d'au moins un actuateur piézo-électrique ultrasonore, caractérisé en ce
qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes :
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront à la lecture de la description de deux variantes de réalisation d'un dispositif de commande d'un actuateur piézo-électrique, illustré par les figures suivantes qui sont :
- les figures 1 et 2 : un schéma électronique d'un dispositif de commande d'un actuateur piézo-électrique selon deux variantes ;
- les figures 3a à 3d : les schémas équivalents au circuit de charge et décharge de l'injecteur sélectionné ;
- les figures 4a à 4c : les signaux de commande des trois interrupteurs du dispositif ;
- les figures 5 et 6 : les variations temporelles respectives du courant dans l'inductance de charge et de la tension aux bornes de l'injecteur.
- Figures 1 and 2: an electronic diagram of a control device of a piezoelectric actuator according to two variants;
- FIGS. 3 a to 3 d : diagrams equivalent to the charging and discharging circuit of the selected injector;
- FIGS. 4 a to 4 c : the control signals of the three switches of the device;
- FIGS. 5 and 6: the respective temporal variations of the current in the charge inductance and of the voltage across the terminals of the injector.
Les éléments portant les mêmes références sur les différentes figures remplissent les mêmes fonctions en vue des mêmes résultats.Elements bearing the same references in the different figures perform the same functions for the same results.
L'invention consiste à générer un signal sinusoïdal haute tension, supérieure à une centaine de volts, et haute fréquence, supérieure à une dizaine de kilohertz, sur la cellule piézo-électrique de chaque injecteur de carburant d'un véhicule à partir d'une source de tension continue, soit la batterie. Pour cela, elle propose deux variantes différentes d'une topologie de dispositif de commande d'un actuateur assurant l'excitation desdites céramiques piézo-électriques, à travers une inductance pour constituer un circuit résonant. Ces structures sont valables de 1 à N injecteurs, N étant un entier préférentiellement égal à 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 ou 12. A titre d'exemple non limitatif, le nombre d'injecteurs commandés est 4 dans la description suivante.The invention consists in generating a high voltage sinusoidal signal, greater than a hundred volts, and high frequency, greater than ten kilohertz, on the piezoelectric cell of each fuel injector of a vehicle from a DC voltage source, i.e. the battery. For this, it offers two variants different from an actuator control device topology ensuring the excitation of said piezoelectric ceramics, through an inductor for constitute a resonant circuit. These structures are valid from 1 to N injectors, N being an integer preferably equal to 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 or 12. By way of nonlimiting example, the number of injectors ordered is 4 in the following description.
Comme le montre le schéma de la figure 1, concernant une première variante de réalisation, le dispositif de commande d'un actuateur piézo-électrique Ai selon l'invention est alimenté par une source de tension continue, telle qu'une batterie électrique 12 Volts ou 42 Volts du véhicule, ou un convertisseur DC-DC, qui délivre une tension continue E entre ses deux bornes extrêmes B- et B+. En parallèle à cette source de tension continue est connectée une inductance de résonance Lp en série avec un ensemble de deux branches en parallèle qui comprennent chacune un premier interrupteur P11 et P12 en série avec une diode d1 et d2 respectivement, ces diodes étant montées tête-bêche l'une par rapport à l'autre. Le point de jonction J de ces deux branches, qui n'est pas relié à l'inductance Lp, est relié à une première borne d'un second interrupteur P2, monté en anti-parallèle avec une diode D, et dont la seconde borne est reliée à la borne B- de la source de tension E. As shown in the diagram in FIG. 1, concerning a first alternative embodiment, the control device of a piezoelectric actuator A i according to the invention is supplied by a DC voltage source, such as an electric battery 12 Volts or 42 Volts from the vehicle, or a DC-DC converter, which delivers a direct voltage E between its two extreme terminals B- and B +. In parallel to this DC voltage source is connected a resonance inductor L p in series with a set of two branches in parallel which each include a first switch P 11 and P 12 in series with a diode d 1 and d 2 respectively, these diodes being mounted head to tail relative to each other. The junction point J of these two branches, which is not connected to the inductance L p , is connected to a first terminal of a second switch P 2 , mounted in anti-parallel with a diode D, and whose second terminal is connected to terminal B- of the voltage source E.
Au moins un actuateur Ai est monté entre les bornes dudit second interrupteur P2 qui délivre une haute tension alternative d'excitation Vpi avec une composante continue.At least one actuator A i is mounted between the terminals of said second switch P 2 which delivers a high alternating excitation voltage V pi with a DC component.
Dans le cas de quatre actuateurs piézo-électriques ultrasonores A1 à A4, ils sont montés en parallèle aux bornes de cet interrupteur P2 en anti-parallèle avec la diode D, chacun étant relié à un interrupteur de sélection S1 à S4 piloté par le calculateur électronique de contrôle moteur qui choisit l'injecteur à exciter pour qu'il injecte le carburant dans le cylindre déterminé.In the case of four piezoelectric ultrasonic actuators A 1 to A 4 , they are mounted in parallel at the terminals of this switch P 2 in anti-parallel with the diode D, each being connected to a selection switch S 1 to S 4 controlled by the electronic engine control computer which chooses the injector to be excited so that it injects the fuel into the determined cylinder.
L'inductance de résonance Lp est dimensionnée pour que sa fréquence de résonance avec la capacité d'entrée de l'actuateur piézo-électrique soit supérieure à la fréquence de récurrence des interrupteurs, soit la fréquence de pilotage ultrasonique des injecteurs piézo-électriques. Ainsi, le principe de fonctionnement du dispositif repose à la fois sur le caractère réactif de l'inductance Lp et de l'impédance d'entrée de l'actuateur sélectionné, ainsi que sur la charge et la décharge rapides du piézo-électrique par une inductance dimensionnée pour que sa résonance avec la capacité d'entrée de l'injecteur ait lieu à une fréquence plus grande que la fréquence de répétition du motif en tension désirée.The resonance inductance L p is dimensioned so that its resonant frequency with the input capacity of the piezoelectric actuator is greater than the recurrence frequency of the switches, ie the ultrasonic control frequency of the piezoelectric injectors. Thus, the operating principle of the device is based both on the reactive nature of the inductance L p and the input impedance of the selected actuator, as well as on the rapid charging and discharging of the piezoelectric by an inductor dimensioned so that its resonance with the input capacity of the injector takes place at a frequency greater than the frequency of repetition of the desired voltage pattern.
Le fonctionnement de ce dispositif de commande, pour obtenir une tension
alternative avec composante continue aux bornes de l'injecteur piézo-électrique,
comporte les étapes suivantes, une fois l'injecteur choisi par l'interrupteur de sélection
Si, étapes représentées par les schémas du circuit de charge et de décharge de
l'injecteur :
Le cycle se répète jusqu'à la sélection d'un autre actuateur, pour lequel le cycle sera le même.The cycle is repeated until the selection of another actuator, for which the cycle will be the same.
La figure 4a représente les signaux de commande du second interrupteur P2 en anti-parallèle avec la diode D et les figures 4b et 4c représentent les signaux de commande d'ouverture et de fermeture respectivement des premiers interrupteurs P11 et P12 des deux branches en parallèle.FIG. 4 a represents the control signals of the second switch P 2 in anti-parallel with the diode D and FIGS. 4 b and 4 c represent the control signals for opening and closing respectively of the first switches P 11 and P 12 of the two branches in parallel.
Le pilotage de ces trois interrupteurs aboutit au courant ILP circulant dans l'inductance Lp de résonance, représenté sur la figure 5, ainsi qu'à la tension Vpi d'excitation de l'actuateur piézo-électrique représentée sur la figure 6 .The control of these three switches leads to the current I LP flowing in the resonant inductor L p , represented in FIG. 5, as well as to the excitation voltage V pi of the piezoelectric actuator represented in FIG. 6 .
Entre les instants t0 et t1, lors de l'étape A), le courant ILP croít en valeur absolue dans l'inductance Lp jusqu'à une valeur maximale -Imax de charge de l'inductance puis chute brutalement à la valeur nulle à l'instant t1 de début de décharge de l'inductance dans l'actuateur Ai. Simultanément, l'interrupteur P2 étant ouvert, la tension Vpi est nulle aux bornes de l'actuateur mais à l'instant t1 elle passe à la valeur Vmax destinée à l'exciter. A l'instant t2, l'interrupteur P12 est fermé, la tension d'excitation Vpi devient nulle et l'actuateur Ai se décharge dans l'inductance Lp, créant un courant ILP dans l'inductance, de sens contraire au courant de charge et de valeur maximale +ImaX pendant l'étape D). Entre t3 et t4, la tension Vpi est nulle car l'interrupteur P2 est fermé.Between the instants t 0 and t 1 , during step A), the current I LP increases in absolute value in the inductance L p up to a maximum value -I max of load of the inductance then drops suddenly to the zero value at the instant t 1 of the start of discharge of the inductance in the actuator A i . Simultaneously, the switch P 2 being open, the voltage V pi is zero across the actuator but at time t 1 it changes to the value V max intended to excite it. At time t 2 , the switch P 12 is closed, the excitation voltage V pi becomes zero and the actuator A i discharges into the inductance L p , creating a current I LP in the inductance, of opposite direction to the load current and maximum value + I maX during step D). Between t 3 and t 4 , the voltage V pi is zero because the switch P 2 is closed.
Selon une seconde variante de réalisation, comme le montre le schéma de la figure 2, l'inductance Lp est montée en série entre la borne B+ de la source de tension E et une première borne du second interrupteur P2 monté en anti-parallèle avec la diode D, aux bornes duquel est obtenue la tension d'excitation de l'actuateur sélectionné. La seconde borne est reliée par le point de jonction J à une première borne de l'ensemble des deux branches dont l'autre borne est reliée à la borne B- de la source de tension. L'actuateur Ai est monté en parallèle entre le point de jonction J et le point reliant l'inductance Lp et l'interrupteur P2.According to a second alternative embodiment, as shown in the diagram in FIG. 2, the inductance L p is connected in series between the terminal B + of the voltage source E and a first terminal of the second switch P 2 mounted in anti-parallel with diode D, at the terminals of which the excitation voltage of the selected actuator is obtained. The second terminal is connected by the junction point J to a first terminal of the set of two branches, the other terminal of which is connected to the terminal B- of the voltage source. The actuator A i is mounted in parallel between the junction point J and the point connecting the inductance L p and the switch P 2 .
Plus précisément, le schéma de la figure 2 représente un dispositif de commande de quatre actuateurs en céramique piézo-électrique A1 à A4 montés en parallèle aux bornes de l'interrupteur P2, chaque actuateur piézo-électrique A1, à A4 étant relié en série avec un interrupteur de sélection S1 à S4, piloté par le calculateur de contrôle moteur qui sélectionne l'injecteur piézo-électrique à exciter.More specifically, the diagram in FIG. 2 represents a device for controlling four piezoelectric ceramic actuators A 1 to A 4 mounted in parallel at the terminals of the switch P 2 , each piezoelectric actuator A 1 , to A 4 being connected in series with a selection switch S 1 to S 4 , controlled by the engine control computer which selects the piezoelectric injector to be excited.
Les interrupteurs des deux branches peuvent être du type MOSFET avec diode intrinsèque ou du IGBT ou de type transistor.The switches of the two branches can be of the MOSFET type with diode intrinsic or IGBT or transistor type.
Le fonctionnement de ce dispositif de commande selon la seconde variante, pour obtenir une tension alternative avec composante continue aux bornes de l'injecteur piézo-électrique, comporte les mêmes étapes que celui du dispositif selon la première variante.The operation of this control device according to the second variant, to obtain an AC voltage with DC component across the the piezoelectric injector, has the same steps as that of the device according to the first variant.
L'un des avantages de l'invention est de proposer une topologie de commande d'injecteurs piézo-électriques qui utilise un nombre réduit de composants selfiques, en l'occurrence une seule inductance qui permet la charge et la décharge rapides des rondelles piézo-électriques par rapport à la fréquence de répétition de la commande.One of the advantages of the invention is to propose a control topology piezoelectric injectors which uses a reduced number of inductive components, in the occurrence of a single inductor which allows rapid charging and discharging of piezoelectric washers with respect to the repetition frequency of the command.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0304706 | 2003-04-15 | ||
FR0304706A FR2854005B1 (en) | 2003-04-15 | 2003-04-15 | ULTRASOUND PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR CONTROL DEVICE AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING THE SAME |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1469183A1 true EP1469183A1 (en) | 2004-10-20 |
EP1469183B1 EP1469183B1 (en) | 2007-06-20 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP04300205A Expired - Lifetime EP1469183B1 (en) | 2003-04-15 | 2004-04-14 | Control device for an ultrasonic piezoelectric actuator and operation method thereof |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1469183B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602004007059T2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2854005B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2937196A1 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2010-04-16 | Renault Sas | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A RESONANT ULTRASONIC PIEZOELECTRIC INJECTOR. |
US7775124B2 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2010-08-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultrasonic sensor with reciprocal transmitting and receiving circuit |
CN105790632A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-07-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Calibration device and method for control voltage of piezoelectric actuator in flexible beam vibration active control |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19632872A1 (en) * | 1996-08-14 | 1998-02-12 | Siemens Ag | Device and method for controlling at least one capacitive actuator |
FR2767355A1 (en) * | 1997-08-12 | 1999-02-19 | Siemens Ag | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AT LEAST ONE CAPACITIVE ADJUSTER |
DE19827170A1 (en) * | 1998-06-18 | 1999-12-23 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Piezoelectric element expansion control method e.g. for setting element for i.c. engine fuel injection valve |
-
2003
- 2003-04-15 FR FR0304706A patent/FR2854005B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-04-14 EP EP04300205A patent/EP1469183B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-04-14 DE DE200460007059 patent/DE602004007059T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19632872A1 (en) * | 1996-08-14 | 1998-02-12 | Siemens Ag | Device and method for controlling at least one capacitive actuator |
FR2767355A1 (en) * | 1997-08-12 | 1999-02-19 | Siemens Ag | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AT LEAST ONE CAPACITIVE ADJUSTER |
DE19827170A1 (en) * | 1998-06-18 | 1999-12-23 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Piezoelectric element expansion control method e.g. for setting element for i.c. engine fuel injection valve |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7775124B2 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2010-08-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Ultrasonic sensor with reciprocal transmitting and receiving circuit |
FR2937196A1 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2010-04-16 | Renault Sas | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING A RESONANT ULTRASONIC PIEZOELECTRIC INJECTOR. |
WO2010043808A1 (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2010-04-22 | Renault S.A.S. | Device and method for controlling a resonant ultrasound piezoelectric injector |
CN102216595A (en) * | 2008-10-14 | 2011-10-12 | 雷诺股份公司 | Device and method for controlling a resonant ultrasound piezoelectric injector |
CN105790632A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-07-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Calibration device and method for control voltage of piezoelectric actuator in flexible beam vibration active control |
CN105790632B (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2017-12-12 | 中国矿业大学 | The caliberating device and method of piezoelectric actuator control voltage in Active Vibration Control of Flexible Beam |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2854005B1 (en) | 2005-06-24 |
EP1469183B1 (en) | 2007-06-20 |
DE602004007059D1 (en) | 2007-08-02 |
FR2854005A1 (en) | 2004-10-22 |
DE602004007059T2 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
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