EP1468891B1 - Method for increasing the signal/noise ratio of axle counters systems - Google Patents

Method for increasing the signal/noise ratio of axle counters systems Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1468891B1
EP1468891B1 EP03360046A EP03360046A EP1468891B1 EP 1468891 B1 EP1468891 B1 EP 1468891B1 EP 03360046 A EP03360046 A EP 03360046A EP 03360046 A EP03360046 A EP 03360046A EP 1468891 B1 EP1468891 B1 EP 1468891B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
transmitter
noise
noisy
original
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP03360046A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1468891A1 (en
Inventor
Kassen Oldewurtel
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Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel Lucent SAS
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Alcatel CIT SA
Alcatel SA
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Priority to AT03360046T priority Critical patent/ATE297338T1/en
Priority to ES03360046T priority patent/ES2242153T3/en
Priority to DE50300632T priority patent/DE50300632D1/en
Priority to EP03360046A priority patent/EP1468891B1/en
Publication of EP1468891A1 publication Critical patent/EP1468891A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
    • B61L1/20—Safety arrangements for preventing or indicating malfunction of the device, e.g. by leakage current, by lightning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
    • B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
    • B61L1/167—Circuit details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for increasing the signal-to-noise ratio Point of delivery of an axle counting system.
  • Each axle counter contains metering points with two rail contacts and one or more evaluation units.
  • Each axle counter monitors a track section assigned to it. detected the axle counter is a passing rail vehicle, the track section switched busy. Detects in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle nearest axle counter the passing rail vehicle, the Track section released again.
  • Electronic rail contacts often consist of two at one Mounted on the rail, spatially consecutive transmission coils, which are fed with audio frequency alternating currents and two on the each opposite rail side arranged with the Transmit coils inductively coupled receiver coils.
  • One send and one each Receiver coil together form a pulse generator.
  • the in the Receive coil induced voltages will be near the Rail contact arranged evaluation unit supplied and evaluated there.
  • the falling off and the phase rotation of the receiving voltages is due to the Coupling between the transmitting and receiving coils when passing a Vehicle wheel.
  • the induced voltages in the receiver coils are in implemented digital signals from which finally direction-dependent Counts are derived.
  • Prerequisite for proper operation of the electronic Rail contacts controlled axle counting systems is that of the Receiving coils passed to the evaluation Reception voltages in their amplitude not dependent on parameters are those who have nothing to do with the influence of the vehicle wheels.
  • interference fields can adversely affect the operation of the Impact rail contacts. This can be the case in particular if the sensors by interference fields, for example, by eddy current brakes be generated.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an improved method, with which makes the response of a rail contact more reliable is, in particular, independent of any outside one Radin influence lying, acting on the rail contact influences.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by a method for increasing of the signal to noise ratio at points of delivery of an axle counting system in which sender side at least from a transmission signal an artificially noisy Signal is generated and the receiver side, the noisy signal in the original signal is converted for further processing.
  • the Receiver is known, in what way the transmission signal was noisy. Accordingly, the receiver side can be noisy Signal the original transmission signal to be reconstructed. An interference signal is the receiver is converted into a noise. So no meaningful signal are obtained. This noise can be filtered by be eliminated.
  • a noisy magnetic field is generated, from the receiving end, the original transmission signal is won.
  • a magnetic field with a noise character can be particularly simply by the with the noisy signal fed coil of a Rail contact can be generated.
  • the noisy (electrical) transmission signal So stimulates the transmitter coil.
  • the transmitter coil produces a noisy Send (magnet) field, which in turn received by a receiving coil becomes.
  • the transmitting coil with a magnetic field generated constant frequency which runs around the rail and that of the Receiver is evaluated according to amount and phase is according to the invention generates a magnetic field with a noise character from which through the Undoing the noise gained the original signal can be.
  • the noisy transmission signal has a larger bandwidth as the original transmission signal.
  • S / N signal-to-noise ratio
  • a Broadening the bandwidth by a factor of 10 would also become one Improve the S / N ratio by a factor of about 10. Due to the widening of the bandwidth and the transmission energy is on one distributed over a wider frequency range. This has a lower power density for Episode. The lower power density reduces the likelihood that the noisy signals disturb other narrowband signals. On the other hand will the noisy signal is less likely to pass through other narrowband signals disturbed because the noisy signal is integrated over a very wide bandwidth to restore the original signal.
  • the Center frequencies of the metering points typically at 27 kHz and 30 kHz and the bandwidth is about 100 Hz
  • the Bandwidth at constant center frequencies on, for example, about 1000 Hz to be widened.
  • the method according to the invention also allows the Using the same center frequency, for example, 28.5 kHz for both Rail contacts of a metering point. This can increase the bandwidth even further widened, e.g. at 4 kHz.
  • the Transmission signals of the two rail contacts with different noise be noisy.
  • the lower power density also has a positive effect on testing the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC tests), as in these Tests per frequency unit low power is required. Furthermore
  • EMC tests electromagnetic compatibility
  • the power consumption of a metering point is reduced. Because the metering points can often be powered over long distances, can For smaller power requirements, the maximum permissible cable length is increased become. With the same cable length, the power consumption in the Metering points are reduced.
  • the task is also performed by a counting point with at least one Rail contact solved, which has a transmitter and a receiver, wherein at least one modulation means for phase modulation at least one transmission signal is provided with a digital noise.
  • a counting point with at least one Rail contact solved, which has a transmitter and a receiver, wherein at least one modulation means for phase modulation at least one transmission signal is provided with a digital noise.
  • the send signal of a or several transmitters are phase modulated with a digital noise.
  • the modulation device can directly at the transmitter or on Rail contact be provided or arranged in the point of delivery.
  • the Modulation device advantageously comprises a noise generator and a mixer in which the transmit signal is phase modulated with the noise becomes.
  • the mixer signal ie the noisy transmission signal, can be amplified before it excites the transmitter coil.
  • the inventive Device is needed to generate the transmission signal no resonant circuit.
  • An evaluation unit can be arranged in the point of delivery. It is also conceivable that the evaluation unit is not integrated in the point of delivery and with this only in terms of data technology.
  • the receiver side a demodulation device for Demodulation of the noisy transmission signal provided.
  • the signal a second rail contact also phase modulated, so can also a Demodulations noticed be provided for this rail contact.
  • the transmitter is designed as a transmitting coil. This means that existing rail contacts are relatively easily converted can be. If a transmitter coil is used as the transmitter, then a Magnetic field with noise character generated.
  • At least one filter unit is provided. Interfering, by the receiving side Phasenumtastung or Demodulation can be converted into a noise by a Such filter device are particularly easy to filter, so that only "correct" signals are processed.
  • the filter unit can be used in the Evaluation unit or be arranged in the metering point. Is the evaluation unit in Counting point arranged, so is advantageously the filter unit in Point of delivery or arranged directly in the evaluation unit.
  • the invention also relates to an axle counting system comprising at least one includes the above-mentioned metering point.
  • axle counting system can the safety of rail transport will be increased significantly.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram in a block diagram of a rail contact 1 of a counting point.
  • a rail 2 with a wheel rim 3 is shown schematically, the passing of a wheel rim 3 is to be detected by the rail contact 1.
  • On the left side of the Radkranzes 3 is the transmitter of the rail contact 1 and on the right side of the receiver of the rail contact 1.
  • the transmitter side two generators 4, 5 are provided, the generator 4 already provided in rail contacts of the prior art for generating the transmission signal is transmitted through the transmitting coil 6 .
  • the generator signal of the generator 4, the noise generated in the generator 5 is superimposed in a mixer 7 .
  • a digital noise (pseudo-noise) is generated.
  • the generator 5 and the mixer 7 represent a modulation device.
  • the signal at the output of the mixer 7 is amplified in the amplifier 8 .
  • the output signal of the amplifier 8 excites the transmitting coil 6.
  • the transmission signal is phase-modulated with a noise, in particular a digital noise, and a magnetic field with a noise character is generated by the transmission coil 6.
  • the phase-modulated transmission signal is detected by the receiver coil 9 and amplified in the amplifier 10 .
  • the received signal is demodulated.
  • the demodulation device 11 is supplied with the output signal of the mixer 7. This makes it possible for the demodulation device 11 to determine the original transmitted signal from the received noisy signal. However, a meaningful signal can not be generated from an interfering signal.
  • the demodulation device 11 only noise is generated from a noise signal, which is filtered out in filter devices, not shown, for example, a low-pass filter. Furthermore, a comparator 12 is provided which detects the zero crossing of the demodulated signal. Although in the block diagram, the generators 4, 5 and the mixer 7 are shown on the receiver side, they can also be arranged in a metering point.
  • the transmitter at least one transmission signal artificially noisy signal generated and the receiver side the noisy Signal converted to the original signal for further processing. Transmit signals can be uniquely identified in this way while Noise at the receiver-side conversion converted to noise become.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Measuring Magnetic Variables (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves generating an artificially noise-affected signal from a transmission signal at the transmitter end for at least one rail contact of a counting point and converting the noise-affected signal into the original signal at the receiver end for further processing. A noise-affected magnetic field is generated at the transmitter end, from which the original transmission signal is derived at the receiver end. Independent claims are also included for the following: (a) a counting point for an axle counting system (b) and an axle counting system.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Erhöhung des Störabstandes bei Zählpunkten eines Achszählsystems.The invention relates to a method for increasing the signal-to-noise ratio Point of delivery of an axle counting system.

In der Eisenbahnsignaltechnik werden zur Überwachung von Gleisabschnitten unter anderem Achszähler eingesetzt. Jeder Achszähler beinhaltet Zählpunkte mit zwei Schienenkontakten und eine oder mehrere Auswerteeinheiten.In railway signaling are used to monitor track sections used among other axle counter. Each axle counter contains metering points with two rail contacts and one or more evaluation units.

Jeder Achszähler überwacht einen ihm zugewiesenen Gleisabschnitt. Detektiert der Achszähler ein vorbeifahrendes Schienenfahrzeug, wird der Gleisabschnitt belegt geschaltet. Detektiert der in Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeugs nächstgelegene Achszähler das vorbeifahrende Schienenfahrzeug, wird der Gleisabschnitt wieder frei geschaltet.Each axle counter monitors a track section assigned to it. detected the axle counter is a passing rail vehicle, the track section switched busy. Detects in the direction of travel of the rail vehicle nearest axle counter the passing rail vehicle, the Track section released again.

Beim Vorüberlaufen eines Fahrzeugrades werden nacheinander zwei benachbarte Schienenkontakte betätigt und werden dabei zwei sich zeitlich überlappende Impulse ausgelöst. Diese Impulse werden in der Auswerteeinheit hinsichtlich ihrer Amplitude bewertet und in Zählimpulse umgesetzt, wobei die durch die Fahrrichtung der vorüberlaufenden Fahrzeugachsen gegebene Folge der Impulse die jeweilige Zählrichtung der Impulse bestimmt.When passing over a vehicle wheel are successively two adjacent rail contacts are actuated and are two in time overlapping pulses triggered. These pulses are in the evaluation unit evaluated in terms of their amplitude and converted into counts, the given by the direction of travel of the passing vehicle axles episode the pulses determines the respective counting direction of the pulses.

Elektronische Schienenkontakte bestehen häufig aus zwei an einer Fahrschiene angebrachten, räumlich hintereinander liegenden Sendespulen, die mit tonfrequenten Wechselströmen gespeist werden und zwei auf der jeweils gegenüberliegenden Schienenseite angeordneten, mit den Sendespulen induktiv gekoppelten Empfangsspulen. Je eine Sende- und eine Empfangsspule bilden gemeinsam einen Impulsgeber. Die in den Empfangsspulen induzierten Spannungen werden einer in der Nähe des Schienenkontaktes angeordneten Auswerteeinheit zugeführt und dort bewertet. Als Indiz für das Vorüberlaufen eines Fahrzeugrades an einem Schienenkontakt wird das vorübergehende Abfallen und die Phasendrehung der in den Empfangsspulen induzierten Spannungen gewertet. Das Abfallen und die Phasendrehung der Empfangsspannungen ist bedingt durch die Kopplung zwischen den Sende- und Empfangsspulen beim Passieren eines Fahrzeugrades. Die in den Empfangsspulen induzierten Spannungen werden in digitale Signale umgesetzt, aus denen schließlich fahrrichtungsabhängige Zählimpulse abgeleitet werden.Electronic rail contacts often consist of two at one Mounted on the rail, spatially consecutive transmission coils, which are fed with audio frequency alternating currents and two on the each opposite rail side arranged with the Transmit coils inductively coupled receiver coils. One send and one each Receiver coil together form a pulse generator. The in the Receive coil induced voltages will be near the Rail contact arranged evaluation unit supplied and evaluated there. As an indication of the passing over of a vehicle wheel on a Rail contact becomes transient drop and phase rotation evaluated in the receiving coil induced voltages. The falling off and the phase rotation of the receiving voltages is due to the Coupling between the transmitting and receiving coils when passing a Vehicle wheel. The induced voltages in the receiver coils are in implemented digital signals from which finally direction-dependent Counts are derived.

Voraussetzung für einen ordnungsgemäßen Betrieb der von den elektronischen Schienenkontakten gesteuerten Achszählanlagen ist es, dass die von den Empfangsspulen an die Auswerteeinheit weitergegebenen Empfangsspannungen in ihrer Amplitude nicht auch von Parametern abhängig sind, die mit der Beeinflussung durch die Fahrzeugräder nichts zu tun haben. Insbesondere können sich Störfelder negativ auf die Funktionsweise der Schienenkontakte auswirken. Dies kann insbesondere dann der Fall sein, wenn die Sensoren durch Störfelder, die beispielsweise durch Wirbelstrombremsen erzeugt werden, beeinflusst werden.Prerequisite for proper operation of the electronic Rail contacts controlled axle counting systems is that of the Receiving coils passed to the evaluation Reception voltages in their amplitude not dependent on parameters are those who have nothing to do with the influence of the vehicle wheels. In particular, interference fields can adversely affect the operation of the Impact rail contacts. This can be the case in particular if the sensors by interference fields, for example, by eddy current brakes be generated.

Aus der DE 197 09 840 A1 ist eine Einrichtung für die Achszählung zum Unterscheiden von Radbeeinflussungen und Nicht-Radbeeinflussungen bekannt. Um eine Unterscheidung herbeizuführen, wird zusätzlich zu einer amplitudenmäßigen Bewertung der Frequenz der Signalspannung auch eine betragsmäßige Bewertung der Frequenz vorgenommen. Die Bewertungsergebnisse werden miteinander verknüpft. Hierdurch ist eine Differenzierung der Sensormeldungen nach Radbeeinflussungen und Nicht-Radbeeinflussungen möglich.From DE 197 09 840 A1 discloses a device for axle counting to Distinguish wheel influences and non-wheel influences known. In order to bring about a distinction, in addition to a amplitude-wise evaluation of the frequency of the signal voltage also a amount of the frequency. The Evaluation results are linked together. This is a Differentiation of the sensor messages after wheel influences and non-wheel influences possible.

Aus der DE 33 07 689 A1 ist eine weitere Schaltungsanordnung bekannt.From DE 33 07 689 A1 a further circuit arrangement is known.

Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein verbessertes Verfahren bereitzustellen, mit dem das Ansprechverhalten eines Schienenkontakts zuverlässiger gestaltet wird, insbesondere unabhängig ist von irgendwelchen außerhalb einer Radbeeinflussung liegenden, auf den Schienenkontakt einwirkender Einflüsse.The object of the invention is to provide an improved method, with which makes the response of a rail contact more reliable is, in particular, independent of any outside one Radin influence lying, acting on the rail contact influences.

Gegenstand der EfindungSubject of the invention

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren zur Erhöhung des Störabstands bei Zählpunkten eines Achszählsystems, bei dem senderseitig mindestens aus einem Sendesignal ein künstlich verrauschtes Signal erzeugt wird und empfängerseitig das verrauschte Signal in das ursprüngliche Signal für die weitere Verarbeitung umgesetzt wird. Im Empfänger ist es bekannt, auf welche Art und Weise das Sendesignal verrauscht wurde. Entsprechend kann empfängerseitig aus dem verrauschten Signal das ursprüngliche Sendesignal rekonstruiert werden. Ein Störsignal wird empfangsseitig in ein Rauschen umgewandelt. Daraus kann also kein sinnvolles Signal gewonnen werden. Dieses Rauschen kann durch Filtern beseitigt werden.This object is achieved according to the invention by a method for increasing of the signal to noise ratio at points of delivery of an axle counting system in which sender side at least from a transmission signal an artificially noisy Signal is generated and the receiver side, the noisy signal in the original signal is converted for further processing. in the Receiver is known, in what way the transmission signal was noisy. Accordingly, the receiver side can be noisy Signal the original transmission signal to be reconstructed. An interference signal is the receiver is converted into a noise. So no meaningful signal are obtained. This noise can be filtered by be eliminated.

Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn senderseitig ein verrauschtes Magnetfeld erzeugt wird, aus dem empfangsseitig das ursprüngliche Sendesignal gewonnen wird. Ein solches Magnetfeld mit Rauschcharakter kann besonders einfach durch die mit dem verrauschten Signal gespeiste Sendespule eines Schienenkontaktes erzeugt werden. Das verrauschte (elektrische) Sendesignal regt also die Sendespule an. Die Sendespule erzeugt ein verrauschtes Sende(magnet)feld, das wiederum von einer Empfangsspule aufgenommen wird. Während im Stand der Technik die Sendespule ein Magnetfeld mit konstanter Frequenz erzeugt, das um die Schiene herum verläuft und das vom Empfänger nach Betrag und Phase ausgewertet wird, wird erfindungsgemäß ein Magnetfeld mit Rauschcharakter erzeugt, aus dem durch das Rückgängigmachen des Rauschens das ursprüngliche Signal gewonnen werden kann. Im Gegensatz zum Stand der Technik, wo ein Störfeld mit gleicher oder sehr ähnlicher Frequenz und gleicher oder größerer Amplitude als das von der Sendespule erzeuge Magnetfeld zu Störungen des Achszählers führt, wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren aus einem Störfeld nur Rauschen erzeugt und kommt es nicht zu einer Störung des Achszählers.It is particularly preferred if the transmitter side a noisy magnetic field is generated, from the receiving end, the original transmission signal is won. Such a magnetic field with a noise character can be particularly simply by the with the noisy signal fed coil of a Rail contact can be generated. The noisy (electrical) transmission signal So stimulates the transmitter coil. The transmitter coil produces a noisy Send (magnet) field, which in turn received by a receiving coil becomes. While in the prior art, the transmitting coil with a magnetic field generated constant frequency, which runs around the rail and that of the Receiver is evaluated according to amount and phase is according to the invention generates a magnetic field with a noise character from which through the Undoing the noise gained the original signal can be. Unlike the state of the art, where an interference field with same or very similar frequency and equal or greater amplitude than the magnetic field generated by the transmitting coil leads to disturbances of the axle counter leads is in the inventive method of an interference field only Noise is generated and there is no disturbance of the axle counter.

Vorteilhafterweise weist das verrauschte Sendesignal eine größere Bandbreite als das ursprüngliche Sendesignal auf. Durch die Bandbreitenspreizung kann der Signal-/ Rauschabstand (S/N) proportional vergrößert werden. Eine Verbreiterung der Bandbreite um einen Faktor 10 würde auch zu einer Verbesserung des S/N-Verhältnisses um einen Faktor von etwa 10 führen. Durch die Verbreiterung der Bandbreite wird auch die Sendeenergie auf einen breiteren Frequenzbereich verteilt. Dies hat eine geringere Leistungsdichte zur Folge. Die geringere Leistungsdichte verringert die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass die verrauschten Signale andere schmalbandige Signale stören. Andererseits wird das verrauschte Signal weniger leicht durch andere schmalbandige Signale gestört, da das verrauschte Signal über eine sehr große Bandbreite integriert wird, um das ursprüngliche Signal wieder herzustellen. Während im Stand der Technik die Mittenfrequenzen der Zählpunkte typischerweise bei 27 kHz und 30 kHz liegen und die Bandbreite etwa 100 Hz beträgt, kann erfindungsgemäß die Bandbreite bei gleich bleibenden Mittenfrequenzen auf beispielsweise etwa 1000 Hz verbreitert werden. Bei der Verwendung unterschiedlicher Mittenfrequenzen können die Sendesignale mit demselben Rauschen verrauscht werden. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren erlaubt jedoch auch die Verwendung derselben Mittenfrequenz, beispielsweise 28,5 kHz für beide Schienenkontakte eines Zählpunkts. Dadurch kann die Bandbreite noch weiter verbreitert werden, z.B. auf 4 kHz. Für die Richtungserkennung müssen die Sendesignale der beiden Schienenkontakte mit unterschiedlichem Rauschen verrauscht werden.Advantageously, the noisy transmission signal has a larger bandwidth as the original transmission signal. Through the bandwidth spread can the signal-to-noise ratio (S / N) is increased proportionally. A Broadening the bandwidth by a factor of 10 would also become one Improve the S / N ratio by a factor of about 10. Due to the widening of the bandwidth and the transmission energy is on one distributed over a wider frequency range. This has a lower power density for Episode. The lower power density reduces the likelihood that the noisy signals disturb other narrowband signals. On the other hand will the noisy signal is less likely to pass through other narrowband signals disturbed because the noisy signal is integrated over a very wide bandwidth to restore the original signal. While in the state of Technique the center frequencies of the metering points typically at 27 kHz and 30 kHz and the bandwidth is about 100 Hz, according to the invention the Bandwidth at constant center frequencies on, for example, about 1000 Hz to be widened. When using different Center frequencies can transmit signals with the same noise be noisy. However, the method according to the invention also allows the Using the same center frequency, for example, 28.5 kHz for both Rail contacts of a metering point. This can increase the bandwidth even further widened, e.g. at 4 kHz. For directional detection, the Transmission signals of the two rail contacts with different noise be noisy.

Die geringere Leistungsdichte wirkt sich auch positiv auf Prüfungen der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit (EMV-Prüfungen) aus, da bei diesen Prüfungen pro Frequenzeinheit eine geringe Leistung gefordert wird. Außerdem wird die Leistungsaufnahme eines Zählpunkts verringert. Da die Zählpunkte häufig über große Entfernungen mit Leistung versorgt werden müssen, kann bei geringerem Leistungsbedarf die maximal zulässige Kabellänge vergrößert werden. Bei gleich bleibender Kabellänge kann der Leistungsverbrauch in den Zählpunkten reduziert werden.The lower power density also has a positive effect on testing the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC tests), as in these Tests per frequency unit low power is required. Furthermore The power consumption of a metering point is reduced. Because the metering points can often be powered over long distances, can For smaller power requirements, the maximum permissible cable length is increased become. With the same cable length, the power consumption in the Metering points are reduced.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das ursprüngliche Sendesignal mit einem digitalen Rauschen phasenmoduliert wird. So kann insbesondere bei Modulation mit einem so genannten Pseudo-Noise auf besonders einfache Art und Weise ein breitbandiges, verrauschtes bzw. rauschartiges Signal erzeugt werden.It when the original transmission signal with a phase-modulated digital noise. This is especially true at Modulation with a so-called pseudo-noise in a very simple way and generates a broadband, noisy or noisy signal become.

Wenn das ursprüngliche Sendesignal mit einem digitalen Rauschen um 180° phasenmoduliert wird, kann dieser Vorgang auf der Empfängerseite besonders einfach zeitgleich rückgängig gemacht werden. Dabei wird das empfangene Signal mit dem gleichen digitalen Rauschen phasenumgetastet. Als Ergebnis erhält man das ursprüngliche Sendesignal. Dieses kann in der Auswerteeinheit weiter verarbeitet werden. Es können jedoch auch andere Phasenlagen moduliert werden, z. B. mittels Quadratur-Phasenmodulation.When the original transmission signal with a digital noise around 180 ° phase-modulated, this process can be particularly on the receiver side can be undone at the same time. This is the received Signal phase-keyed with the same digital noise. As a result you get the original transmission signal. This can be done in the evaluation unit be further processed. However, there may be other phases be modulated, for. B. by means of quadrature phase modulation.

Die Aufgabe wird außerdem durch einen Zählpunkt mit mindestens einem Schienenkontakt gelöst, der einen Sender und einen Empfänger aufweist, wobei mindestens eine Modulationseinrichtung zur Phasenmodulation mindestens eines Sendesignals mit einem digitalen Rauschen vorgesehen ist. Mit einem solchen Zählpunkt kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren besonders einfach durchgeführt werden. Dabei kann das Sendsignal eines oder mehrerer Sender mit einem digitalen Rauschen phasenmoduliert werden. Die Modulationseinrichtung kann direkt am Sender beziehungsweise am Schienenkontakt vorgesehen sein oder im Zählpunkt angeordnet sein. Die Modulationseinrichtung umfasst vorteilhafterweise einen Rauschgenerator und einen Mischer, in dem das Sendesignal mit dem Rauschen phasenmoduliert wird. Das Mischersignal, also das verrauschte Sendesignal, kann verstärkt werden, ehe es die Sendespule anregt. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird zur Erzeugung des Sendesignals kein Schwingkreis benötigt.The task is also performed by a counting point with at least one Rail contact solved, which has a transmitter and a receiver, wherein at least one modulation means for phase modulation at least one transmission signal is provided with a digital noise. With such a point of delivery, the inventive method be carried out particularly easily. The send signal of a or several transmitters are phase modulated with a digital noise. The modulation device can directly at the transmitter or on Rail contact be provided or arranged in the point of delivery. The Modulation device advantageously comprises a noise generator and a mixer in which the transmit signal is phase modulated with the noise becomes. The mixer signal, ie the noisy transmission signal, can be amplified before it excites the transmitter coil. In the inventive Device is needed to generate the transmission signal no resonant circuit.

Eine Auswerteeinheit kann im Zählpunkt angeordnet sein. Es ist auch denkbar, dass die Auswerteeinheit nicht im Zählpunkt integriert ist und mit diesem nur datentechnisch in Verbindung steht. An evaluation unit can be arranged in the point of delivery. It is also conceivable that the evaluation unit is not integrated in the point of delivery and with this only in terms of data technology.

Bevorzugterweise ist empfängerseitig eine Demodulationseinrichtung zur Demodulation des verrauschten Sendesignals vorgesehen. Wird das Signal eines zweiten Schienenkontakts ebenfalls phasenmoduliert, so kann auch eine Demodulationseinrichtung für diesen Schienenkontakt vorgesehen sein.Preferably, the receiver side a demodulation device for Demodulation of the noisy transmission signal provided. Will the signal a second rail contact also phase modulated, so can also a Demodulationseinrichtung be provided for this rail contact.

Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn der Sender als Sendespule ausgebildet ist. Dies bedeutet, dass bestehende Schienenkontakte relativ einfach umgerüstet werden können. Wird als Sender eine Sendespule verwendet, so wird ein Magnetfeld mit Rauschcharakter erzeugt.It is particularly preferred if the transmitter is designed as a transmitting coil. This means that existing rail contacts are relatively easily converted can be. If a transmitter coil is used as the transmitter, then a Magnetic field with noise character generated.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn mindestens eine Filtereinheit vorgesehen ist. Störfelder, die durch die empfangsseitige Phasenumtastung beziehungsweise Demodulation in ein Rauschen umgewandelt werden, können durch eine solche Filtereinrichtung besonders einfach ausgefiltert werden, so dass nur "korrekte" Signale verarbeitet werden. Die Filtereinheit kann in der Auswerteeinheit oder im Zählpunkt angeordnet sein. Ist die Auswerteeinheit im Zählpunkt angeordnet, so ist vorteilhafterweise auch die Filtereinheit im Zählpunkt oder direkt in der Auswerteeinheit angeordnet.It is particularly advantageous if at least one filter unit is provided. Interfering, by the receiving side Phasenumtastung or Demodulation can be converted into a noise by a Such filter device are particularly easy to filter, so that only "correct" signals are processed. The filter unit can be used in the Evaluation unit or be arranged in the metering point. Is the evaluation unit in Counting point arranged, so is advantageously the filter unit in Point of delivery or arranged directly in the evaluation unit.

Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Achszählsystem, das mindestens einen vorbeschriebenen Zählpunkt umfasst. Durch ein solches Achszählsystem kann die Sicherheit des Schienenverkehrs erheblich erhöht werden.The invention also relates to an axle counting system comprising at least one includes the above-mentioned metering point. By such axle counting system can the safety of rail transport will be increased significantly.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung, anhand der Figuren der Zeichnung, die erfindungswesentliche Einzelheiten zeigen, und aus den Ansprüchen. Die einzelnen Merkmale können je einzeln für sich oder zu mehreren in beliebiger Kombination bei einer Variante der Erfindung verwirklicht sein. Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment of the invention, with reference to the figures of the drawing, the essential to the invention details show, and from the claims. The individual features can be individually for yourself or for several in any combination in a variant of Invention be realized.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist in der schematischen Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
ein Blockschaltbild eines Schienenkontakts eines Zählpunkts.
An embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in the schematic drawing and will be explained in the following description. It shows:
Fig. 1
a block diagram of a rail contact of a counting point.

Fig. 1 zeigt stark schematisiert in einem Blockschaltbild einen Schienenkontakt 1 eines Zählpunkts. In der Mitte der Fig. 1 ist eine Schiene 2 mit einem Radkranz 3 schematisch dargestellt, wobei das Vorüberfahren eines Radkranzes 3 durch den Schienenkontakt 1 erfasst werden soll. Auf der linken Seite des Radkranzes 3 befindet sich der Sender des Schienenkontakts 1 und auf der rechten Seite der Empfänger des Schienenkontakts 1. Senderseitig sind zwei Generatoren 4, 5 vorgesehen, wobei der Generator 4 bereits in Schienenkontakten des Standes der Technik zur Erzeugung des Sendesignals vorgesehen ist, das durch die Sendespule 6 übertragen wird. Dem Generatorsignal des Generators 4 wird in einem Mischer 7 das im Generator 5 generierte Rauschen überlagert. Vorzugsweise wird im Generator 5 ein digitales Rauschen (Pseudo-Noise) erzeugt. Der Generator 5 und der Mischer 7 stellen dabei eine Modulationseinrichtung dar. Das Signal am Ausgang des Mischers 7 wird im Verstärker 8 verstärkt. Das Ausgangssignal des Verstärkers 8 regt die Sendespule 6 an. Auf diese Art und Weise wird das Sendesignal mit einem Rauschen, insbesondere einem digitalen Rauschen, phasenmoduliert und durch die Sendespule 6 ein Magnetfeld mit Rauschcharakter erzeugt. Auf der Empfängerseite wird das phasenmodulierte Sendesignal durch die Empfängerspule 9 detektiert und im Verstärker 10 verstärkt. In der Demodulationseinrichtung 11 wird das empfangene Signal demoduliert. Der Demodulationseinrichtung 11 wird das Ausgangssignal des Mischers 7 zugeführt. Dadurch wird es der Demodulationseinrichtung 11 ermöglicht, aus dem empfangenen verrauschten Signal das ursprüngliche Sendesignal zu ermitteln. Aus einem Störsignal kann jedoch kein sinnvolles Signal erzeugt werden. In der Demodulationseinrichtung 11 wird aus einem Störsignal nur Rauschen erzeugt, das in nicht gezeigten Filtereinrichtungen, z.B. einem Tiefpassfilter, ausgefiltert wird. Weiterhin ist ein Komparator 12 vorgesehen, der den Nulldurchgang des demodulierten Signals detektiert. Wenngleich im Blockschaltbild die Generatoren 4, 5 und der Mischer 7 empfängerseitig dargestellt sind, können diese auch in einem Zählpunkt angeordnet sein. Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram in a block diagram of a rail contact 1 of a counting point. In the middle of FIG. 1, a rail 2 with a wheel rim 3 is shown schematically, the passing of a wheel rim 3 is to be detected by the rail contact 1. On the left side of the Radkranzes 3 is the transmitter of the rail contact 1 and on the right side of the receiver of the rail contact 1. The transmitter side two generators 4, 5 are provided, the generator 4 already provided in rail contacts of the prior art for generating the transmission signal is transmitted through the transmitting coil 6 . The generator signal of the generator 4, the noise generated in the generator 5 is superimposed in a mixer 7 . Preferably, in the generator 5, a digital noise (pseudo-noise) is generated. The generator 5 and the mixer 7 represent a modulation device. The signal at the output of the mixer 7 is amplified in the amplifier 8 . The output signal of the amplifier 8 excites the transmitting coil 6. In this way, the transmission signal is phase-modulated with a noise, in particular a digital noise, and a magnetic field with a noise character is generated by the transmission coil 6. On the receiver side, the phase-modulated transmission signal is detected by the receiver coil 9 and amplified in the amplifier 10 . In the demodulator 11 , the received signal is demodulated. The demodulation device 11 is supplied with the output signal of the mixer 7. This makes it possible for the demodulation device 11 to determine the original transmitted signal from the received noisy signal. However, a meaningful signal can not be generated from an interfering signal. In the demodulation device 11 only noise is generated from a noise signal, which is filtered out in filter devices, not shown, for example, a low-pass filter. Furthermore, a comparator 12 is provided which detects the zero crossing of the demodulated signal. Although in the block diagram, the generators 4, 5 and the mixer 7 are shown on the receiver side, they can also be arranged in a metering point.

Bei einem Verfahren zur Erhöhung des Störabstands bei Zählpunkten eines Achszählsystems wird senderseitig mindestens aus einem Sendesignal ein künstlich verrauschtes Signal erzeugt und empfängerseitig das verrauschte Signal in das ursprüngliche Signal für die weitere Verarbeitung umgesetzt. Sendesignale können auf diese Weise eindeutig identifiziert werden, während Störsignale bei der empfängerseitigen Umsetzung zu Rauschen umgesetzt werden.In a method for increasing the signal to noise ratio at meter points of a Achszählsystems is the transmitter at least one transmission signal artificially noisy signal generated and the receiver side the noisy Signal converted to the original signal for further processing. Transmit signals can be uniquely identified in this way while Noise at the receiver-side conversion converted to noise become.

Claims (10)

  1. Method for increasing the signal/noise ratio in counting points of an axle counting system, in which for at least one rail contact (1) of a counting point an artificially noisy signal is produced on the transmitter side from a transmitter signal and on the receiver side the noisy signal is converted into the original signal for further processing.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that on the transmitter side a noisy magnetic field is produced, from which the original transmitter signal is obtained on the receiver side.
  3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the noisy signal has a greater bandwidth than the original signal.
  4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the original transmitter signal is phase-modulated with a digital noise.
  5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the original transmitter signal is phase-modulated by 180° with the digital noise.
  6. Counting point with at least one rail contact (1), which has a transmitter and a receiver, characterized in that at least one modulation device (5, 7) is provided for phase modulation of at least one transmitter signal with a digital noise.
  7. Counting point according to claim 6, characterized in that on the receiver side a demodulation device (11) is provided for demodulating the noisy transmitter signal.
  8. Counting point according to claim 6, characterized in that a transmitter coil (6) is provided on the transmitter side.
  9. Counting point according to claim 6, characterized in that at least one filter device is provided on the receiver side.
  10. Axle counting system, which comprises at least one counting point according to claim 6.
EP03360046A 2003-04-14 2003-04-14 Method for increasing the signal/noise ratio of axle counters systems Expired - Lifetime EP1468891B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT03360046T ATE297338T1 (en) 2003-04-14 2003-04-14 METHOD FOR INCREASING THE SIGN-TO-JOURNEY OF COUNTING POINTS OF AN AXLE COUNTING SYSTEM
ES03360046T ES2242153T3 (en) 2003-04-14 2003-04-14 METHOD TO INCREASE THE SIGNAL / NOISE RELATIONSHIP OF SYSTEMS TO COUNT AXES.
DE50300632T DE50300632D1 (en) 2003-04-14 2003-04-14 Method for increasing the signal-to-noise ratio at points of delivery of an axle counting system
EP03360046A EP1468891B1 (en) 2003-04-14 2003-04-14 Method for increasing the signal/noise ratio of axle counters systems

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03360046A EP1468891B1 (en) 2003-04-14 2003-04-14 Method for increasing the signal/noise ratio of axle counters systems

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1468891A1 EP1468891A1 (en) 2004-10-20
EP1468891B1 true EP1468891B1 (en) 2005-06-08

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EP03360046A Expired - Lifetime EP1468891B1 (en) 2003-04-14 2003-04-14 Method for increasing the signal/noise ratio of axle counters systems

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EP (1) EP1468891B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE297338T1 (en)
DE (1) DE50300632D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2242153T3 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101939201B (en) * 2008-02-04 2013-05-15 西门子公司 Method for increasing the interference resistance of a wheel sensor and wheel sensor for carrying out the method

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1686035B1 (en) * 2005-01-31 2007-05-16 ALCATEL Transport Solution Deutschland GmbH Method for adjusting the output voltage of a receipt circuit of a receipt head of a rail contact and rail contact system
CN105966420B (en) * 2016-06-15 2017-11-17 湖南工业大学 Track wheel-sensors device
CN105946899B (en) * 2016-06-15 2017-11-03 湖南工业大学 Axle counting sensing device
CN109727447B (en) * 2016-06-15 2021-09-07 湖南工业大学 Locomotive speed detection signal filtering method
DE102021209644A1 (en) * 2021-09-02 2023-03-02 Siemens Mobility GmbH Sensor device, arrangement and method for detecting a change in a magnetic field
CN115923869B (en) * 2023-01-31 2024-07-23 北京安润通电子技术开发有限公司 Axle counting system with broken rail detection function and use method

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3307689C2 (en) * 1983-03-04 1984-12-20 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Circuit arrangement for operating an inductively operating rail contact
GB2149275B (en) * 1983-10-26 1987-01-21 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Identity card recognition system
DE19709840C2 (en) * 1997-02-28 2001-10-04 Siemens Ag Axle counting device to distinguish between wheel influences and non-wheel influences

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101939201B (en) * 2008-02-04 2013-05-15 西门子公司 Method for increasing the interference resistance of a wheel sensor and wheel sensor for carrying out the method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE50300632D1 (en) 2005-07-14
ATE297338T1 (en) 2005-06-15
ES2242153T3 (en) 2005-11-01
EP1468891A1 (en) 2004-10-20

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