EP1466710A2 - Heatable cutting tool - Google Patents

Heatable cutting tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1466710A2
EP1466710A2 EP04000670A EP04000670A EP1466710A2 EP 1466710 A2 EP1466710 A2 EP 1466710A2 EP 04000670 A EP04000670 A EP 04000670A EP 04000670 A EP04000670 A EP 04000670A EP 1466710 A2 EP1466710 A2 EP 1466710A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting tool
ceramic
cutting
matrix
oxide
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EP04000670A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1466710A3 (en
EP1466710B1 (en
Inventor
Elmar Günther
Ulrike Dr. Kaufmann
Hans-Joachim Dr. Ritzhaupt-Kleissl
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Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
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Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F3/00—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F3/06—Severing by using heat
    • B26F3/08—Severing by using heat with heated members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/08—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting
    • B26D7/10—Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting by heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cutting tool according to the first Claim and its use according to claim 7.
  • Cutting tools with ceramic blades are wide in technology common. On the one hand there are cutting tools with a metallic core with one or more wear-resistant Layers of ceramic is covered. To change are cutting tools, especially knives, with cutting edges All-ceramic known.
  • the invention has for its object a cutting tool propose that for tough and tough materials, Particularly suitable for those with a high proportion of synthetic fibers is. Another task is to specify a purpose for the cutting tool.
  • the basic principle of the cutting tool according to the invention is that the material to be cut is divided by a heatable cutting edge becomes.
  • the cutting tool should have a temperature at the cutting edge from at least 400 ° C, but preferably from 800 ° C to Reach 1200 ° C. These temperatures are controlled by resistance heating achieved. So the cutting tool is at his Use in this way with the two poles of a voltage source connected that at least the cutting edge of electrical Current flows through and is heated in this way.
  • the Resistance of the cutting tool is preferably in the range from 6 to 14 Q. This resistance can be determined by a certain geometric shape and through a suitable choice of material can be set. Current and voltage are in use of the cutting tool regulated by a control unit.
  • the cutting tool is built homogeneously and consists of one Mixed ceramics that consist of at least two different components is composed.
  • the first component is an electrical one non-conductive matrix ceramics. Suitable as matrix ceramics metal oxide ceramics such as zirconium dioxide or aluminum oxide.
  • the matrix ceramic gives the cutting tool that desired mechanical properties such as hardness, flexural strength and wear resistance.
  • a conductive oxide ceramic is embedded in the matrix ceramic.
  • the known electrically conductive, non-oxide ceramics such as titanium or zirconium nitride as an example of the carbides, nitrides and diborides of the elements of the IV. To VI. Subgroup of the periodic system are not suitable for the cutting tool according to the invention because they cannot be heated to the required high temperatures in contact with atmospheric oxygen without being destroyed.
  • an indium tin oxide (often abbreviated with "ITO") of the general formula In 2-x Sn x O 3 , in which x assumes a value from 0 to 0.6, is particularly suitable as conductive oxide ceramic.
  • PCT ceramic means a ceramic with a positive temperature coefficient of electrical resistance.
  • the conductive oxide ceramic should be at least 15 vol .-% contribute to the mixed ceramics. With a smaller proportion the resistance of the cutting device is generally so high that the required conductivity is not guaranteed.
  • the Percentage of the conductive oxide ceramic can, on the other hand up to 85 vol .-%. In general, however, shares the conductive oxide ceramic in the range of 25 to 60 vol .-% chosen because then the cheap chemical and mechanical Properties of the matrix ceramic the quality of the Determine the cutting tool significantly.
  • the cutting tool is particularly suitable for materials, at which the division on the one hand with a sharp, mechanical Blade must be made, but on the other hand, at higher temperatures are easier to cut.
  • materials are in particular the textiles mentioned at the beginning or fabrics with a high proportion of synthetic fibers, especially automobile seat covers and vehicle interior linings.
  • the mixed ceramics of the Cutting tool can be varied. Generally it is from particularly advantageous if the cutting edge has the highest temperature occurs and the rest of the cutting tool becomes colder remains. This can be achieved through targeted variation the local electrical conductivity of the mixed oxide or by choosing a certain cutting edge geometry.
  • the conductivity of the mixed oxide is determined by the type and the proportion of matrix ceramics and conductive oxidic ceramics.
  • the particular suitability of the cutting tool according to the invention for cutting the aforementioned industrial textiles results from the fact that the heat is added during the separation process cutting material softened to the point of local melting is, which makes the separation process much easier and the Wear of the cutting tool is reduced accordingly.
  • the electrically conductive oxide ceramic ITO in the mixed ceramic, of which the cutting tool is made is currently used as a coating, especially as an anti-reflective layer or as a heat protection layer used.
  • the processing takes place in the Thin film process, i. H. by dusting (sputtering).
  • ITO sputtering targets are obtained by hot isostatic pressing of ITO powder generated because commercial ITO cannot be sintered without pressure is.
  • ITO can be sintered without pressure, so that even ceramic moldings on this simple Way can be made. This is especially true if aluminum oxide or zirconium dioxide is added.
  • the cutting tool can thus be made by the following procedure produce:
  • a homogeneous mixture is made from matrix ceramics, for example aluminum oxide or zirconium dioxide, and the electrically conductive oxide ceramic, for example ITO.
  • the oxides together with the corresponding organometallic Mixed liquid precursors is sprayed in the spray dryer. Thereby escapes the alcohol of the liquid precursors and granules are formed, which consist of the respective matrix ceramic and are homogeneous are covered with an organic ITO precursor.
  • the homogeneous mixed ceramic is created in air.
  • the blanks of the Cutting tools are then air to final density sintered.
  • the sintering temperatures are above 1000 ° C and up to 1600 ° C, but preferably from 1100 ° C to 1400 ° C.
  • the final geometric shape and thus the fine-tuning the characteristic of electrical resistance occurs by grinding after the sintering process.
  • An alternative way of production is through shaping Hot casting or low pressure injection molding.
  • the Plasticized powder by mixing with a wax mass.
  • the flowable mass produced in this way can be depressurized in Pour molds or take molds using low pressure injection molding.
  • the blade geometry plays a part in the behavior when cutting an important role. Firstly, the quality of the cutting edge, which can be achieved by appropriate grinding, for the type and location of the heat release is important to others.
  • FIGS 1, 2 and 3 show preferred configurations of the Blade.
  • Fig. 1 is a simple cutting tool with a homogeneous Mixed ceramics represented a uniform relationship of matrix ceramics and electrically conductive oxide ceramics.
  • the dimensionless numbers refer to Millimeter.
  • Fig. 2 shows the use of a gradient material Cutting edge.
  • the heat is about changing the specific Resistance generated within the tool.
  • the Cutting tool has a ground cutting edge that is at least Is 1 cm long.
  • the angle between the cutting edge and the Horizontal with the cutting tool in a vertical position should be between 30 and 50 °; in the example shown the angle is 40 °.
  • the mixed ceramic M1 has a lower one specific resistance than the mixed ceramic M2.
  • FIG. 3 shows a similar embodiment as shown in FIG. 2, where, however, a gradient mixing ceramic with a Cross-sectional change in the cutting edge is combined.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Dry Shavers And Clippers (AREA)
  • Dicing (AREA)

Abstract

Cutting tool which can be heated by resistance heating comprises a mixed ceramic consisting of an electrically non-conducting matrix ceramic and an electrically conducting oxide ceramic embedded in the matrix ceramic.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schneidwerkzeug gemäß dem ersten Patentanspruch und seine Verwendung gemäß Anspruch 7.The invention relates to a cutting tool according to the first Claim and its use according to claim 7.

Schneidwerkzeuge mit Keramikschneiden sind in der Technik weit verbreitet. Zum einen handelt es sich um Schneidwerkzeuge mit einem metallischen Kern, der mit einer oder mehreren verschleißfesten Schichten aus Keramik überzogen ist. Zum andern sind Schneidwerkzeuge, insbesondere Messer, mit Schneiden aus Vollkeramik bekannt.Cutting tools with ceramic blades are wide in technology common. On the one hand there are cutting tools with a metallic core with one or more wear-resistant Layers of ceramic is covered. To change are cutting tools, especially knives, with cutting edges All-ceramic known.

Zum Zuschneiden von zähen und widerstandsfähigen Materialien, insbesondere solchen mit hohem Kunstfaseranteil wie z. B. Industrietextilien für Automobil-Sitzbezüge oder Innenauskleidungen von Fahrzeugen, sind solche Schneidwerkzeuge nicht geeignet. Zum einen wären durch die auftretende Abrasion Schutzschichten in kurzer Zeit abgerieben, zum andern besteht bei vollkeramischen Schneidwerkzeugen die Gefahr eines Bruches; außerdem sind die Trennstellen nicht immer einwandfrei.For cutting tough and resistant materials, especially those with a high proportion of synthetic fibers such. B. Industrial textiles for automotive seat covers or interior linings of vehicles, such cutting tools are not suitable. On the one hand, the abrasion would result in protective layers rubbed off in a short time, the other is all-ceramic cutting tools the risk of breakage; in addition, the separation points are not always perfect.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Schneidwerkzeug vorzuschlagen, das für zähe und widerstandsfähige Materialien, insbesondere für solche mit hohem Kunstfaseranteil, gut geeignet ist. Eine weitere Aufgabe besteht in der Angabe eines Verwendungszweckes für das Schneidwerkzeug.The invention has for its object a cutting tool propose that for tough and tough materials, Particularly suitable for those with a high proportion of synthetic fibers is. Another task is to specify a purpose for the cutting tool.

Die Aufgabe wird durch das im ersten Patentanspruch beschriebene Schneidwerkzeug und die in Anspruch 7 angegebene Verwendung gelöst. Die weiteren Ansprüche geben bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen des Schneidwerkzeugs an. The object is achieved by that described in the first claim Cutting tool and the use specified in claim 7 solved. The further claims give preferred configurations of the cutting tool.

Grundprinzip des erfindungsgemäßen Schneidwerkzeugs ist, dass das zu zerschneidende Gut durch eine heizbare Schneide zerteilt wird. Das Schneidwerkzeug soll an der Schneide eine Temperatur von mindestens 400°C, bevorzugt jedoch von 800°C bis 1200°C erreichen. Diese Temperaturen werden durch eine Widerstandsheizung erzielt. Somit ist das Schneidwerkzeug bei seinem Einsatz in der Weise mit den beiden Polen einer Spannungsquelle verbunden, dass zumindest die Schneide von elektrischem Strom durchflossen und auf diese Weise aufgeheizt wird. Der Widerstand des Schneidwerkzeugs liegt vorzugsweise im Bereich von 6 bis 14 Q. Dieser Widerstand kann durch eine bestimmte geometrische Formgebung und durch geeignete Wahl des Materials eingestellt werden. Strom und Spannung werden bei Verwendung des Schneidwerkzeugs über eine Regeleinheit geregelt.The basic principle of the cutting tool according to the invention is that the material to be cut is divided by a heatable cutting edge becomes. The cutting tool should have a temperature at the cutting edge from at least 400 ° C, but preferably from 800 ° C to Reach 1200 ° C. These temperatures are controlled by resistance heating achieved. So the cutting tool is at his Use in this way with the two poles of a voltage source connected that at least the cutting edge of electrical Current flows through and is heated in this way. The Resistance of the cutting tool is preferably in the range from 6 to 14 Q. This resistance can be determined by a certain geometric shape and through a suitable choice of material can be set. Current and voltage are in use of the cutting tool regulated by a control unit.

Das Schneidwerkzeug ist homogen aufgebaut und besteht aus einer Mischkeramik, die aus mindestens zwei verschiedenen Komponenten zusammengesetzt ist. Die erste Komponente ist eine elektrisch nicht leitende Matrixkeramik. Als Matrixkeramik eignen sich Metalloxid-Keramiken wie Zirkondioxid oder Aluminiumoxid. Die Matrixkeramik verleiht dem Schneidwerkzeug die gewünschten mechanischen Eigenschaften wie Härte, Biegebruchfestigkeit und Verschleißbeständigkeit.The cutting tool is built homogeneously and consists of one Mixed ceramics that consist of at least two different components is composed. The first component is an electrical one non-conductive matrix ceramics. Suitable as matrix ceramics metal oxide ceramics such as zirconium dioxide or aluminum oxide. The matrix ceramic gives the cutting tool that desired mechanical properties such as hardness, flexural strength and wear resistance.

In die Matrixkeramik ist eine leitfähige oxidische Keramik eingelagert. Die bekannten elektrisch leitenden, nicht oxidischen Keramiken wie Titan- oder Zirkoniumnitrid als Beispiel für die als Hartstoffe bezeichneten Carbide, Nitride und Diboride der Elemente der IV. bis VI. Nebengruppe des Periodischen Systems sind für das erfindungsgemäße Schneidwerkzeug nicht geeignet, weil sie sich in Kontakt mit Luftsauerstoff nicht ohne Zerstörung auf die erforderlichen hohen Temperaturen erhitzen lassen. Besonders geeignet als leitfähige oxidische Keramik ist dagegen ein Indium-Zinn-Oxid (häufig mit "ITO" abgekürzt) der allgemeinen Formel In2-xSnxO3, wobei x einen Wert von 0 bis 0,6 annimmt. Brauchbar ist außerdem Lanthanchromat mit der Formel LaCrO3 und PTC-Keramik auf BaTiO3-Basis, letztere allerdings nur unterhalb ihres Curie-Punktes, der bei ca. 200°C liegt. Unter "PCT-Keramik" versteht man eine Keramik mit positivem Temperaturkoeffizient des elektrischen Widerstands.A conductive oxide ceramic is embedded in the matrix ceramic. The known electrically conductive, non-oxide ceramics such as titanium or zirconium nitride as an example of the carbides, nitrides and diborides of the elements of the IV. To VI. Subgroup of the periodic system are not suitable for the cutting tool according to the invention because they cannot be heated to the required high temperatures in contact with atmospheric oxygen without being destroyed. In contrast, an indium tin oxide (often abbreviated with "ITO") of the general formula In 2-x Sn x O 3 , in which x assumes a value from 0 to 0.6, is particularly suitable as conductive oxide ceramic. Lanthanum chromate with the formula LaCrO 3 and PTC ceramic based on BaTiO 3 can also be used , but the latter only below their Curie point, which is around 200 ° C. "PCT ceramic" means a ceramic with a positive temperature coefficient of electrical resistance.

Die leitfähige oxidische Keramik soll mindestens mit 15 Vol.-% zu der Mischkeramik beitragen. Bei einem geringeren Anteil ist der Widerstand des Schneidgerätes im allgemeinen so hoch, dass die erforderliche Leitfähigkeit nicht gewährleistet ist. Der Anteil der leitfähigen oxidischen Keramik kann andererseits bis zu 85 Vol.-% betragen. Im allgemeinen werden jedoch Anteile der leitfähigen oxidischen Keramik im Bereich von 25 bis 60 Vol.-% gewählt, weil dann die günstigen chemischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften der Matrixkeramik die Qualität des Schneidwerkzeuges maßgeblich bestimmen.The conductive oxide ceramic should be at least 15 vol .-% contribute to the mixed ceramics. With a smaller proportion the resistance of the cutting device is generally so high that the required conductivity is not guaranteed. The Percentage of the conductive oxide ceramic can, on the other hand up to 85 vol .-%. In general, however, shares the conductive oxide ceramic in the range of 25 to 60 vol .-% chosen because then the cheap chemical and mechanical Properties of the matrix ceramic the quality of the Determine the cutting tool significantly.

Das Schneidwerkzeug eignet sich vor allem für Materialien, bei denen die Zerteilung einerseits mit einer scharfen, mechanischen Klinge erfolgen muss, die sich jedoch andererseits bei höheren Temperaturen leichter zu zerschneiden sind. Solche Materialien sind insbesondere die eingangs erwähnten Textilien oder Gewebe mit hohem Kunstfaseranteil, insbesondere Automobilsitzbezüge und Innenauskleidungen von Fahrzeugen. Je nach dem einzusetzenden Schneidgut kann die Mischkeramik des Schneidwerkzeuges variiert werden. Im allgemeinen ist es von besonderem Vorteil, wenn in der Schneide die höchste Temperatur auftritt und der übrige Teil des Schneidwerkzeugs kälter bleibt. Dies kann erreicht werden durch eine gezielte Variation der lokalen elektrischen Leitfähigkeit des Mischoxids oder durch die Wahl einer bestimmten Schneidengeometrie. Die Leitfähigkeit des Mischoxids wird bestimmt durch die Art und den Anteil von Matrixkeramik und leitfähiger oxidischer Keramik.The cutting tool is particularly suitable for materials, at which the division on the one hand with a sharp, mechanical Blade must be made, but on the other hand, at higher temperatures are easier to cut. Such materials are in particular the textiles mentioned at the beginning or fabrics with a high proportion of synthetic fibers, especially automobile seat covers and vehicle interior linings. Depending on The mixed ceramics of the Cutting tool can be varied. Generally it is from particularly advantageous if the cutting edge has the highest temperature occurs and the rest of the cutting tool becomes colder remains. This can be achieved through targeted variation the local electrical conductivity of the mixed oxide or by choosing a certain cutting edge geometry. The The conductivity of the mixed oxide is determined by the type and the proportion of matrix ceramics and conductive oxidic ceramics.

Die besondere Eignung des erfindungsgemäßen Schneidwerkzeugs zum Schneiden der erwähnten Industrietextilien ergibt sich daraus, dass durch die Wärmezufuhr beim Trennvorgang das zu zerschneidende Material bis hin zum lokalen Schmelzen erweicht wird, wodurch der Trennvorgang erheblich erleichtert und der Verschleiß des Schneidwerkzeugs entsprechend vermindert wird.The particular suitability of the cutting tool according to the invention for cutting the aforementioned industrial textiles results from the fact that the heat is added during the separation process cutting material softened to the point of local melting is, which makes the separation process much easier and the Wear of the cutting tool is reduced accordingly.

Die elektrisch leitfähige Oxidkeramik ITO in der Mischkeramik, aus der das Schneidwerkzeug besteht, wird derzeit als Beschichtung, insbesondere als Antireflexschicht oder als Wärmeschutzschicht verwendet. Die Verarbeitung erfolgt dabei im Dünnschichtverfahren, d. h. durch Abstäuben (Sputtern). ITO-Sputtertargets werden durch isostatisches Heißpressen von ITO-Pulver erzeugt, da kommerzielles ITO nicht drucklos sinterfähig ist.The electrically conductive oxide ceramic ITO in the mixed ceramic, of which the cutting tool is made is currently used as a coating, especially as an anti-reflective layer or as a heat protection layer used. The processing takes place in the Thin film process, i. H. by dusting (sputtering). ITO sputtering targets are obtained by hot isostatic pressing of ITO powder generated because commercial ITO cannot be sintered without pressure is.

Nach der Synthese durch den thermischen Zweistufenprozess, wie er in den Druckschriften DE 197 52 080 A1 und DE 100 02 232 A1 eingehend beschrieben ist, lässt sich ITO jedoch drucklos sintern, so dass auch keramische Formkörper auf diese einfache Weise hergestellt werden können. Dies gilt insbesondere dann, wenn Aluminiumoxid oder Zirkondioxid beigemischt ist.After synthesis through the two-step thermal process, such as he in the publications DE 197 52 080 A1 and DE 100 02 232 A1 ITO can be sintered without pressure, so that even ceramic moldings on this simple Way can be made. This is especially true if aluminum oxide or zirconium dioxide is added.

Das Schneidwerkzeug lässt sich somit durch das folgende Verfahren herstellen:The cutting tool can thus be made by the following procedure produce:

Aus der Matrixkeramik, beispielsweise Aluminiumoxid oder Zirkondioxid, und der elektrisch leitenden Oxidkeramik, beispielsweise ITO, wird eine homogene Mischung hergestellt. Hierzu werden die Oxide zusammen mit den entsprechenden metallorganischen Flüssigvorstufen (Precursor) gemischt. Diese homogene Mischung wird im Sprühtrockner versprüht. Dabei entweicht der Alkohol der Flüssigvorstufen und es entstehen Granulate, die aus der jeweiligen Matrixkeramik bestehen und homogen mit einer organischen ITO-Vorstufe bedeckt sind. Durch eine nachfolgende thermische Behandlung in einer Wirbelschicht an Luft entsteht die homogene Mischkeramik. Die Rohlinge der Schneidwerkzeuge werden anschließend an Luft bis zur Enddichte gesintert. Dabei liegen die Sintertemperaturen über 1000°C und bis zu 1600°C, bevorzugt jedoch von 1100°C bis 1400°C. Die endgültige geometrische Formgebung und damit die Feinabstimmung der Charakteristik des elektrischen Widerstands erfolgt durch Schleifen im Anschluss an den Sinterprozess.From matrix ceramics, for example aluminum oxide or zirconium dioxide, and the electrically conductive oxide ceramic, for example ITO, a homogeneous mixture is made. For this purpose, the oxides together with the corresponding organometallic Mixed liquid precursors. This homogeneous mixture is sprayed in the spray dryer. Thereby escapes the alcohol of the liquid precursors and granules are formed, which consist of the respective matrix ceramic and are homogeneous are covered with an organic ITO precursor. By a subsequent thermal treatment in a fluidized bed the homogeneous mixed ceramic is created in air. The blanks of the Cutting tools are then air to final density sintered. The sintering temperatures are above 1000 ° C and up to 1600 ° C, but preferably from 1100 ° C to 1400 ° C. The final geometric shape and thus the fine-tuning the characteristic of electrical resistance occurs by grinding after the sintering process.

Ein alternativer Herstellungsweg ist die Formgebung durch Heißgießen oder Niederdruck-Spritzgießen. Hierbei werden die Pulver durch Mischen mit einer Wachsmasse plastifiziert. Die dadurch hergestellte fließfähige Masse lässt sich drucklos in Formen gießen oder durch Niederdruck-Spritzgießen abformen.An alternative way of production is through shaping Hot casting or low pressure injection molding. Here, the Plasticized powder by mixing with a wax mass. The flowable mass produced in this way can be depressurized in Pour molds or take molds using low pressure injection molding.

Durch Verschneiden der - beispielsweise durch Sprühtrocknung hergestellten - Mischungen miteinander oder mit reiner Matrixkeramik oder mit der reinen elektrisch leitenden Oxidkeramik können Zusammensetzungen der Mischkeramik in beliebiger Konzentration innerhalb des bevorzugten Mischungsbereiches hergestellt werden.By blending the - for example by spray drying manufactured - mixtures with each other or with pure matrix ceramics or with the pure electrically conductive oxide ceramic can mix compositions in any concentration made within the preferred mixing range become.

Die Klingengeometrie spielt für das Verhalten beim Schneiden eine wichtige Rolle. Zum einen ist die Qualität der Schneide, die durch entsprechendes Schleifen erreicht werden kann, zum andern ist die Art und der Ort der Wärmefreisetzung von Bedeutung.The blade geometry plays a part in the behavior when cutting an important role. Firstly, the quality of the cutting edge, which can be achieved by appropriate grinding, for the type and location of the heat release is important to others.

Die Figuren 1, 2 und 3 zeigen bevorzugte Gestaltungen der Klinge. Figures 1, 2 and 3 show preferred configurations of the Blade.

In Fig. 1 ist ein einfaches Schneidwerkzeug mit einer homogenen Mischkeramik dargestellt, die ein einheitliches Verhältnis von Matrixkeramik und elektrisch leitfähiger Oxidkeramik aufweist. Die dimensionslosen Zahlenangaben beziehen sich auf Millimeter.In Fig. 1 is a simple cutting tool with a homogeneous Mixed ceramics represented a uniform relationship of matrix ceramics and electrically conductive oxide ceramics. The dimensionless numbers refer to Millimeter.

Fig. 2 zeigt die Verwendung eines Gradientenmaterials mit Schneidenschliff. Die Wärme wird über die Veränderung des spezifischen Widerstands innerhalb des Werkzeugs erzeugt. Das Schneidwerkzeug hat eine geschliffene Schneide, die mindestens 1 cm lang ist. Der Winkel zwischen der Schneidekante und der Waagerechten bei vertikaler Stellung des Schneidwerkzeugs sollte zwischen 30 und 50 ° betragen; im gezeigten Beispiel beträgt der Winkel 40 °. Die Mischkeramik M1 weist einen geringeren spezifischen Widerstand als die Mischkeramik M2 auf.Fig. 2 shows the use of a gradient material Cutting edge. The heat is about changing the specific Resistance generated within the tool. The Cutting tool has a ground cutting edge that is at least Is 1 cm long. The angle between the cutting edge and the Horizontal with the cutting tool in a vertical position should be between 30 and 50 °; in the example shown the angle is 40 °. The mixed ceramic M1 has a lower one specific resistance than the mixed ceramic M2.

In Fig. 3 ist eine ähnliche Ausführungsform wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, bei der jedoch eine Gradientenmischkeramik mit einer Querschnittsänderung bei der Schneide kombiniert ist.3 shows a similar embodiment as shown in FIG. 2, where, however, a gradient mixing ceramic with a Cross-sectional change in the cutting edge is combined.

Claims (7)

Schneidwerkzeug, das elektrisch durch Widerstandsheizung beheizbar ist, bestehend aus einer Mischkeramik, die aus einer elektrisch nicht leitenden Matrixkeramik und eine in die Matrixkeramik eingelagerte elektrisch leitfähige Oxidkeramik zusammengesetzt ist.Cutting tool that is electrically powered by resistance heating is heated, consisting of a mixed ceramic that an electrically non-conductive matrix ceramic and an in the electrically conductive oxide ceramic embedded in the matrix ceramic is composed. Schneidwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Matrixkeramik aus einem Metalloxid besteht.Cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the matrix ceramic consists of a metal oxide. Schneidwerkzeug nach Anspruch 2, bei dem das Metalloxid Zirkondioxid oder Aluminiumoxid ist.The cutting tool of claim 2, wherein the metal oxide Is zirconia or alumina. Schneidwerkzeug nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, bei dem die elektrisch leitfähige Oxidkeramik ein Indium-Zinn-Oxid ist.Cutting tool according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the electrical conductive oxide ceramic is an indium tin oxide. Schneidwerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei dem der Anteil der elektrisch leitfähigen Oxidkeramik an der Mischkeramik 15 bis 85 Volumen-Prozent beträgt.Cutting tool according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the proportion of the electrically conductive oxide ceramic in the Mixed ceramics is 15 to 85 percent by volume. Schneidwerkzeug nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 mit einer Mischkeramik, die aus 40 bis 75 Volumen-Prozent der elektrisch nichtleitenden Matrixkeramik Zirkondioxid oder Aluminiumoxid und aus 25 bis 60 Volumen-Prozent der elektrisch leitfähigen Oxidkeramik Indium-Zinn-Oxid besteht.Cutting tool according to one of claims 1 to 5 with a Mixed ceramics made up of 40 to 75 percent by volume of the electrical non-conductive matrix ceramics zirconium dioxide or aluminum oxide and from 25 to 60 volume percent of the electric conductive oxide ceramic consists of indium tin oxide. Verwendung des Schneidwerkzeugs nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 zum Schneiden von Textilien oder Geweben mit hohem Kunstfaseranteil.Use of the cutting tool according to one of claims 1 up to 6 for cutting textiles or fabrics with high Synthetic fiber content.
EP04000670A 2003-04-12 2004-01-15 Heatable cutting tool Expired - Lifetime EP1466710B1 (en)

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DE10316916A DE10316916B4 (en) 2003-04-12 2003-04-12 Cutting tool and its use
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008022758A1 (en) 2007-05-09 2008-12-18 Michael Bader Tool for separating workpieces and procedure for its production, comprise cutting elements constructed by function separation between a low loaded tool base body material and a high grade material in high load area in cutting process

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19545825A1 (en) * 1995-12-08 1997-06-12 Inocermic Ges Fuer Innovative Electrically heated cutting device
EP0812665A1 (en) * 1995-03-02 1997-12-17 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Hot cutting blade
DE19850366A1 (en) * 1997-10-31 1999-05-06 Ceram Tec Ag Innovative Cerami Sintered ceramic article has reinforcing platelets of an aluminum oxide/chromium oxide solid solution and another solid solution
DE19752080A1 (en) * 1997-11-25 1999-07-29 Karlsruhe Forschzent Multi-component oxide ceramic material
DE10002232A1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2001-08-09 Karlsruhe Forschzent Production of a ceramic mixed oxide used in capacitors comprises preparing a powder of at least two metals, mixing the powder to form a metal powder mixture, and heating in the oxygen-containing atmosphere

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4770673A (en) * 1987-10-09 1988-09-13 Corning Glass Works Ceramic cutting tool inserts

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0812665A1 (en) * 1995-03-02 1997-12-17 Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha Hot cutting blade
DE19545825A1 (en) * 1995-12-08 1997-06-12 Inocermic Ges Fuer Innovative Electrically heated cutting device
DE19850366A1 (en) * 1997-10-31 1999-05-06 Ceram Tec Ag Innovative Cerami Sintered ceramic article has reinforcing platelets of an aluminum oxide/chromium oxide solid solution and another solid solution
DE19752080A1 (en) * 1997-11-25 1999-07-29 Karlsruhe Forschzent Multi-component oxide ceramic material
DE10002232A1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2001-08-09 Karlsruhe Forschzent Production of a ceramic mixed oxide used in capacitors comprises preparing a powder of at least two metals, mixing the powder to form a metal powder mixture, and heating in the oxygen-containing atmosphere

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008022758A1 (en) 2007-05-09 2008-12-18 Michael Bader Tool for separating workpieces and procedure for its production, comprise cutting elements constructed by function separation between a low loaded tool base body material and a high grade material in high load area in cutting process

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EP1466710A3 (en) 2005-05-11
DE10316916B4 (en) 2005-09-08
DE10316916A1 (en) 2004-11-04
ATE393688T1 (en) 2008-05-15
EP1466710B1 (en) 2008-04-30

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