EP1461951A2 - Controlled-access method and system for transmitting scrambled digital data in a data exchange network - Google Patents
Controlled-access method and system for transmitting scrambled digital data in a data exchange networkInfo
- Publication number
- EP1461951A2 EP1461951A2 EP02802323A EP02802323A EP1461951A2 EP 1461951 A2 EP1461951 A2 EP 1461951A2 EP 02802323 A EP02802323 A EP 02802323A EP 02802323 A EP02802323 A EP 02802323A EP 1461951 A2 EP1461951 A2 EP 1461951A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- terminal
- data
- network
- control word
- digital
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/633—Control signals issued by server directed to the network components or client
- H04N21/6332—Control signals issued by server directed to the network components or client directed to client
- H04N21/6334—Control signals issued by server directed to the network components or client directed to client for authorisation, e.g. by transmitting a key
- H04N21/63345—Control signals issued by server directed to the network components or client directed to client for authorisation, e.g. by transmitting a key by transmitting keys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/16—Analogue secrecy systems; Analogue subscription systems
- H04N7/167—Systems rendering the television signal unintelligible and subsequently intelligible
- H04N7/1675—Providing digital key or authorisation information for generation or regeneration of the scrambling sequence
Definitions
- the invention is in the field of broadcasting and controlling access to digital data, events, audiovisual programs or thematic channels broadcast in an environment open to terminals which do not have a security processor.
- 1 / invention relates more particularly to a broadcasting method and system with access control of audiovisual programs to a plurality of terminals connected to an IP type network.
- the DVB Digital Video Broadcasting in English
- ECM and EMM access control messages
- This information includes an encrypted CW control word which changes periodically every ten seconds for example.
- a new control word corresponding to the same program or to a new program is transmitted to the subscribers with the ECM access control messages.
- each ECM comprises three fields, a first field containing the access parameters which define the conditions of access to the scrambled program, such as for example parental control or the geographical limitation of reception of the scrambled program, a second field comprising the control word CW encrypted by an exploitation key and a third field containing the parameters to check the integrity of the information transmitted.
- EMMs generally have three fields, a first address field for selecting a decoder for a user or group of users, a second field containing the access authorization of the user or users, containing the operating key encrypted by a group key previously broadcast to a group of subscribers, and a third field containing the parameters for checking the integrity of the information transmitted.
- EMMs are transmitted before the programs to which they apply and are stored in a smart card.
- a decoder When a decoder receives an EMM containing the encrypted operating key corresponding to its group, it checks whether this key is already stored. Otherwise, the operating key is decrypted by the inverse function of the encryption function and then stored.
- the decoder consists of a terminal and a memory card integrating the security processor. And when the scrambled program is broadcast, the exploitation key is used to decrypt the control word CW associated with it and which is sent to subscribers via ECM, or registered as soon as the receiver is initialized.
- a subscriber to access the scrambled programs, a subscriber must have equipment which generally includes a security processor included in a memory card containing the access parameters defining the access rights to the scrambled programs.
- the access control system described above is not suitable for Internet distribution through the network because it is not possible to distribute a smart card reader to each user connected to the networks due to the large number of potential subscribers and the geographic spread of these subscribers.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for controlling access to scrambled data capable of being read by means of terminals which do not include a security processor or a memory card.
- this process applies to two types of services: event broadcasting and broadcasting of television product channels.
- Event broadcasting requires one channel per event (music concert, sporting event, training, etc.)
- the method according to the invention comprises three stages:
- the method also comprises the following preliminary steps:
- the distinctive digital data of the terminal is the address of this terminal in the network.
- the scrambled digital data is transmitted either over the air, by wire, or by digital cable, or by a recording medium.
- the data exchange network is of the IP type.
- control word CW is preferably generated randomly.
- the reservation number and the address of the terminal in the network are transmitted by the user of the terminal to the supplier of digital data according to the TCP / IP protocol.
- the digital data are for example audiovisual programs.
- the method according to the invention comprises an additional step consisting in transmitting, with the scrambled digital data, a second random data item to distinguish the scrambling / descrambling steps using an identical CW control word.
- the method according to the invention comprises a step consisting in assigning a MultiCast address to each service provided via the network and in storing in a service table the MultiCast address, the random data item (Aléal) and the corresponding CW control words.
- the couple (ALEAl, CW) is changed regularly.
- the period of validity of this couple can be fixed or variable.
- each service broadcast comprises a plurality of elementary audio, basic video and enhancement video streams.
- the scrambling step includes the following sub-steps:
- the broadcasting step consists in transmitting the second IP datagram through the IP network.
- the second IP datagram uses the UDP transport protocol
- the descrambling step comprises the following substeps:
- the elementary audio and video streams of a given service are broadcast separately on the network using different destination ports.
- only the basic audio and video data is scrambled.
- the enhancement video data may or may not be scrambled.
- audio elementary streams, video of a given service are multiplexed to issue only one service flow on a given port.
- only the service flow is scrambled.
- the method according to the invention is implemented in a transmission system with access control of digital data scrambled by a control word CW to at least one terminal connected to a data exchange network comprising: - a portal booking,
- the reservation portal comprises:
- the reservation portal comprises:
- the reservation portal further comprises a database intended to store a plurality of reservation numbers each corresponding to a specific individual key.
- the booking portal includes means for assigning an address
- MultiCast to each service provided via the network and a memory containing a table of services associating the MultiCast address, the port, the random data
- the couple (ALEAl, CW) is changed regularly.
- the control word CW is generated randomly.
- the digital data represents audiovisual programs.
- the data exchange network is of the IP type and said scrambling platform further comprises:
- the invention also relates to a device for receiving scrambled digital data comprising: - means for analyzing all of the datagrams received and if a datagram has the MultiCast address and the port corresponding to the service chosen then,
- FIG. 2 and 3 illustrate diagrammatically two stages of initialization of the method according to the invention
- FIG. 4 shows a block diagram illustrating a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention
- FIG. 1 schematically represents a system for broadcasting through the internet network 2 of audiovisual programs or thematic channels scrambled towards terminals 4 which do not necessarily have a security processor.
- This system includes a multicast broadcasting server 6 which transmits a single data packet to the terminals 4.
- the server 6 is connected to an antenna 8 for receiving audiovisual programs transmitted according to the MPEG2 / MPEG4 standard, or to a database 10 or at source of television programs such as a camera 12.
- the server 6 is also connected to a portal 14 for booking audiovisual programs and to a scrambling platform 16.
- the reservation portal 14 is a computer comprising software making it possible to manage a page presenting a commercial offer of audiovisual programs and to generate reservation numbers for access rights to these programs.
- the scrambling platform 16 is connected to a computer comprising cryptographic software comprising an encryption function G making it possible to calculate individual keys.
- the client terminals 4 include software using a decryption function allowing the reconstitution of the control words CW.
- the method according to the invention is based on an “IP to UDP tunnel” solution, that is to say that an incoming IP / UDP datagram is scrambled and then encapsulated in a new IP datagram / UDP output.
- IP to UDP tunnel an “IP to UDP tunnel” solution, that is to say that an incoming IP / UDP datagram is scrambled and then encapsulated in a new IP datagram / UDP output.
- MultiCast address When creating a controlled audiovisual service, content distributors define the service input parameters (MultiCast address, ). The method described in this request allows the client station to descramble IP / UDP datagrams received via the network, to extract the service input parameters and to present the programs broadcast in clear at the application level to view them.
- the method according to the invention requires two preliminary steps:
- Each user obtains the individual key on the client computer.
- This key is unique per terminal and is individualized by means of internal data which is specific to the client terminal.
- To access an event audiovisual broadcast the two preliminary stages, sale of reservation tickets and exchange of these tickets for an individual key, used to obtain the parameters necessary for descrambling the broadcast program.
- the portal 14 distributes the reservation tickets after purchase of an event by a user.
- the management of tickets (generation, distribution) is carried out in portal 14.
- the generation of tickets and the verification of their uniqueness are checked before the distribution of the programs. All the tickets sold are stored in a database which contains reservation tickets for current events and those for upcoming events. When the date of the event has passed, the service being no longer provided, the memorized tickets are automatically deleted from the database.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the reservation procedure according to an embodiment of the invention in which the user sends (arrow 20) to portal 14 a request to purchase one or more reservation tickets via the internet network 2.
- the portal 14 generates reservation numbers and returns (arrow 22) one or more reservation numbers to the client terminal 4.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the procedure for exchanging a reservation ticket with an individual key according to this embodiment.
- the user sends (arrow 24) to the portal 14 a request for an individual key.
- This request includes the number of the reservation ticket specific to a given program as well as the ⁇ TERMINAL address of the client terminal 4.
- the address ⁇ TERMINAL which is the unique identifier of the user is entered in the database.
- the portal 14 generates one or more individual keys K and transmits them (arrow 26) to the user terminal 4.
- the generation of the individual key (s) K takes place when a user wishes to view an event by exchanging a reservation ticket.
- the user provides the terminal address ( ⁇ Terminal) and the ticket number (Ticket number) when requesting an exchange.
- the individual key is calculated based on this address.
- FIG. 4 represents a functional block schematically illustrating the calculation of the individual key.
- a software module randomly generates a control word CW (step 30) and a first random digital data item ALEAl (step 32).
- the random data ALEAl is then used to encrypt, by means of a first function F, the address (STerminale 34) of the terminal of the user 4.
- the result of the encryption is a numeric sequence S given by the expression:
- the client When the client requests the exchange of a reservation ticket for one or more individual keys K, this is transmitted to the client terminal 4 in unicast (arrow 42) through the internet network before the scrambled programs are broadcast. For each event purchased by a customer, the associated individual key or keys K are stored in the terminal of this customer.
- the communication between on the one hand the portal 14, the diffuser 6 and on the other hand, the scrambling platform 16 is carried out by the definition of a user interface API (Application Programming Interface, in English) between the equipments of the emission point (Portal 14 / servers 6) and the scrambling platform 16 for exchanging the parameters associated with the service or requesting the random generation of an ALEAl data item and a CW control word during creation service or key changes.
- Service management Application Programming Interface, in English
- the scrambling platform 16 is informed by the portal 14 of the various services broadcast. For each service, a MultiCast address is assigned.
- a service contains several elementary streams (audio, basic video, enhancement video) to improve the quality of reception of high-end receivers capable of processing them. These elementary streams are either broadcast separately on the network 2 using different destination ports, or multiplexed to transmit only one stream on a given port.
- the enhancement data can be scrambled or unscrambled.
- the scrambling platform 16 manages the data to be scrambled in service tables associating the services, the random data ALEAl broadcast in the signal, the control words CW of the Multicast addresses and the ports allocated to the services. These tables consist of a table I for locating services, a table II called profiles and a table III of associations.
- the service location table I makes it possible to store the elementary flows of one or more services declared by the reservation portal 14.
- the profile table II makes it possible to store the scrambling parameters (ALEA + CW) generated at the request of the reservation portal 14.
- the association table III allows to know, for each elementary flow, the profile current used in the crypto period being scrambled.
- the scrambling platform 16 receives, as input, the IP / UDP datagrams provided in clear by the data server 6. According to the addresses and destination ports present in the header IP / UDP datagrams, the scrambling platform 16: • filters the IP / UDP datagrams of ⁇ MultiCast to be scrambled. These addresses are contained in the services table above,
- Client terminal 4 can only calculate the control word CW after reception of the random data ALEAl, that is to say only at the moment when it needs it to descramble the data received.
- CW cannot be calculated without the individual key K and the individual ⁇ TERMINAL address of the client terminal. This allows to detect the source of an unlawful duplication 'of individual key, which is inseparable from the unique identifier of the client terminal to which it was assigned. If such fraud is detected, the faulty client terminal is automatically excluded from the distribution of the following sets of individual keys.
- control word CW is calculated by a decryption function G 'as a function of the individual key K received in unicast and of the digital sequence S calculated as a function of the random variable ALEAl received with the program scrambled and address ⁇ TERMINAL.
- a second random data item ALEA2 is combined with the control word CW in order to obtain a new scrambling / descrambling key which is transmitted to the client terminal 4 at the same time as the random data item ALEAl.
- This new data ALEA2 is used as an additional descrambling key and can be modified at determined times, when sending a new datagram for example.
- the client terminal receives scrambled or non-scrambled datagrams. He analyzes all of these frames. If an IP / UDP datagram has the MultiCast address and the port corresponding to the chosen service, it:
- the content distributor offers reception of a TV channel on a client terminal. Its visualization is conditioned by the purchase of a subscription which allows access to the program for a given period, whatever the content.
- the reservation ticket is assimilated to the purchase of this subscription.
- Each subscription renewal will be conditioned by the purchase of a reservation ticket.
- the first individual key will be distributed when exchanging the ticket corresponding to the validation period purchased.
- changes of control word will be necessary to secure the reception of the program broadcast on all the client terminals having purchased the right.
- the change of control word comprises the following steps:
- the change of control word indicator is a numerical value which changes parity with each change of crypto-period.
- the data stream is sent to the same MultiCast address as the video or audio data with a different port number. This flow will be identified in the Session Description Protocol (SDP) file or in the signaling flow. From the parity change indicator supplied with the scrambled program, the terminal determines the instant of use of the new control word CW.
- SDP Session Description Protocol
- the client terminal uses the even control word (CWO, CW2, 7), and if the value assigned to the CPi crypto period is odd, the client terminal uses the odd control word (CW1, CW3, ).
- the individual keys are not necessarily broadcast in synchronism with the changes in crypto-periods indicated in the signal representing the audiovisual program.
- a second piece of information will be used in the signal to indicate the moment when the client terminals 4 must recover the individual key for the following crypto-period. Each time this information is changed, the client terminal must recover the individual key for the following crypto-period.
- the diagram in Figure 6 specifies the operation of the system at the time of key change.
- a subscription duration D located between a first date dl and a later date d2 is divided into a series of four phases (po, pi, p 2 , p 3 ) each corresponding to a crypto-period.
- the even phases p 0 and p 2 are assigned the binary value 0 (reference 50), and the odd phases pi and p 3 are assigned the binary value 1 (reference 52).
- a series of pairs of control words (CWO, CW1), (CW2, CW1), (CW2, CW3), (CW4, CW3) is transmitted in the form of a series of pairs of individual keys (KO, Kl), (K2, Kl), (K2, K3), (K4, K3) at client terminals with the instants tl, t2, t3, and t4 of successive changes of control word.
- the terminals receive the pair of individual key words (KO, Kl), and use KO.
- the terminals will use the odd control word Kl.
- the same procedure is implemented during the following phases.
- the client terminal recovers the individual “odd and even” keys to be used.
- the individual keys are recovered by connecting to the portal 14, and then, if the client terminal identifies an even phase datagram, it uses the even control word until the next change, if it identifies an odd phase datagram, it uses the odd control word until the next change.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0113963A FR2831737B1 (en) | 2001-10-29 | 2001-10-29 | TRANSMISSION METHOD AND SYSTEM WITH CONTROLLING ACCESS OF DIGITAL DIGITAL DATA IN A DATA EXCHANGE NETWORK |
FR0113963 | 2001-10-29 | ||
PCT/FR2002/003655 WO2003039153A2 (en) | 2001-10-29 | 2002-10-24 | Controlled-access method and system for transmitting scrambled digital data in a data exchange network |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1461951A2 true EP1461951A2 (en) | 2004-09-29 |
Family
ID=8868831
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02802323A Withdrawn EP1461951A2 (en) | 2001-10-29 | 2002-10-24 | Controlled-access method and system for transmitting scrambled digital data in a data exchange network |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040243803A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1461951A2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4520148B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100923479B1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2831737B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003039153A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2833121B1 (en) | 2001-12-05 | 2004-02-13 | France Telecom | METHOD FOR DISTRIBUTING ENCRYPTION KEYS FOR ENCRYPTED DIGITAL DATA |
EP1545130A1 (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-06-22 | Nagravision S.A. | Process for updating access rights to conditional access data |
US20050172132A1 (en) | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-04 | Chen Sherman (. | Secure key authentication and ladder system |
US9461825B2 (en) | 2004-01-30 | 2016-10-04 | Broadcom Corporation | Method and system for preventing revocation denial of service attacks |
US9094699B2 (en) * | 2004-02-05 | 2015-07-28 | Broadcom Corporation | System and method for security key transmission with strong pairing to destination client |
EP1723791B1 (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2009-08-19 | Nagravision S.A. | Method of securing a scrambled content sent by a broadcaster |
EP1605698A1 (en) * | 2004-06-11 | 2005-12-14 | Nagracard S.A. | Security method for a broadcast service |
JP2008003976A (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2008-01-10 | Sony Corp | Memory access control device and method, and communication device |
RU2339077C1 (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2008-11-20 | Олег Вениаминович Сахаров | Method of operating conditional access system for application in computer networks and system for its realisation |
US8875259B2 (en) | 2007-11-15 | 2014-10-28 | Salesforce.Com, Inc. | On-demand service security system and method for managing a risk of access as a condition of permitting access to the on-demand service |
US8584212B1 (en) | 2007-11-15 | 2013-11-12 | Salesforce.Com, Inc. | On-demand service security system and method for managing a risk of access as a condition of permitting access to the on-demand service |
EP2334069A1 (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-15 | Irdeto Access B.V. | Providing control words to a receiver |
EP2477133A1 (en) | 2011-01-03 | 2012-07-18 | Thomson Licensing | Distribution of digital content protected by watermark-generating password |
US8687807B2 (en) | 2011-01-26 | 2014-04-01 | Nagrastar, L.L.C. | Cascading dynamic crypto periods |
US20140136248A1 (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2014-05-15 | Vendini, Inc. | Ticket transfer fingerprinting, security, and anti-fraud measures |
KR101638285B1 (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2016-07-08 | 주식회사 아이두잇 | Apparatus of supplying video signals received by satellite antenna to a plurality of user equipment and method thereof |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1010323B1 (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 2001-10-31 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Verification of the source of program of information in a conditional access system |
JPH11122237A (en) * | 1997-10-09 | 1999-04-30 | Taisei Corp | Ciphering device and data protection device |
JP3816689B2 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2006-08-30 | 株式会社東芝 | Information distribution apparatus, information reception apparatus, and communication method |
JP2000299739A (en) * | 1999-04-13 | 2000-10-24 | Nec Corp | Video conference system, reservation server therefor, controller, video conference terminal and storage medium stored with program |
US6449719B1 (en) * | 1999-11-09 | 2002-09-10 | Widevine Technologies, Inc. | Process and streaming server for encrypting a data stream |
EP1130871A1 (en) * | 2000-03-01 | 2001-09-05 | BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS public limited company | Media session discovery |
US6888844B2 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2005-05-03 | Broadcom Corporation | Method for selecting an operating mode for a frame-based communications network |
US6879690B2 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2005-04-12 | Nokia Corporation | Method and system for delegation of security procedures to a visited domain |
-
2001
- 2001-10-29 FR FR0113963A patent/FR2831737B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-10-24 US US10/493,933 patent/US20040243803A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-10-24 WO PCT/FR2002/003655 patent/WO2003039153A2/en active Application Filing
- 2002-10-24 JP JP2003541273A patent/JP4520148B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-24 KR KR1020047006253A patent/KR100923479B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-10-24 EP EP02802323A patent/EP1461951A2/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO03039153A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2831737A1 (en) | 2003-05-02 |
WO2003039153A3 (en) | 2003-10-09 |
KR20050039705A (en) | 2005-04-29 |
JP4520148B2 (en) | 2010-08-04 |
JP2005507619A (en) | 2005-03-17 |
FR2831737B1 (en) | 2003-12-26 |
WO2003039153A2 (en) | 2003-05-08 |
US20040243803A1 (en) | 2004-12-02 |
KR100923479B1 (en) | 2009-10-27 |
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