Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
  • F23N1/002—Regulating fuel supply using electronic means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
  • F24D19/00—Details
  • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
  • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
  • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
  • F23N2225/00—Measuring
  • F23N2225/04—Measuring pressure

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for monitoring a boiler system for water and to an apparatus for performing the method.
• Boiler systems with a water circuit often include an overpressure safety valve and a surge tank.
• a malfunction in the surge tank can result in an increase in water pressure in such systems.
• the overpressure safety valve acts in boiler systems of this type, by means of which an excessively high excess pressure can be quickly released, whereby the bursting of the water circuit of the boiler system can be prevented.
• overpressure safety valves of this type often have the disadvantage that they tend to drip after being triggered once.
• the object of the invention is now to improve the known methods for monitoring a boiler system.
• the pressure of the water in the boiler system is consequently continuously determined and the supply of heat to the boiler system is carried out taking into account the continuously determined pressure.
• the supply of heat to a boiler system is usually regulated based on the temperature of the water.
• an overpressure of the water also goes hand in hand with a corresponding rise in temperature, so that in principle also on the basis of the temperature of the water a too high pressure rise in the boiler system can be avoided.
• a reliable determination of an overpressure based on the temperature is not possible.
• the consideration of the continuously determined pressure when supplying heat to the boiler system allows a reliable reaction in the event of a malfunction occurring in the boiler system, which is accompanied by excess pressure.
• the continuously determined pressure is advantageously compared to a threshold value. Only when the threshold value is exceeded is there an intervention in the supply of heat to the boiler system. Below the threshold, the heat supply is regulated exclusively according to the difference between the actual and target temperature.
• a first threshold value can be selected such that the intervention in the supply of heat to the boiler system only has to be reduced.
• a threshold value can be used for comparison, which is so high that it is necessary to switch off the heat supply instead of reducing it.
• a comparison of the pressure determined with both threshold values can also take place simultaneously, and a graded reaction can take place depending on the comparison result.
• An alternative method for detecting a malfunction in the boiler system can be to determine the current pressure rise instead of the continuously determined pressure. This has the advantage that in some cases it is already on the malfunction can be responded to before the actual threshold is exceeded. In some cases, this procedure can therefore enable an even faster reaction to a malfunction in the boiler system to be monitored.
• Another advantage is also the simultaneous checking of the continuously determined pressure and the current pressure rise, if necessary in each case using a plurality of threshold values.
• a warning signal is generated immediately when the heat supply is set taking into account the continuously determined pressure, regardless of whether the continuously determined pressure is used directly or the current pressure increase, and also independently whether the first or the second threshold is exceeded. On the basis of this warning signal, the operator of the boiler system can then have the boiler system checked as quickly as possible.
• the method is applicable to any boiler system for liquids, preferably water.
• a boiler system in this context understood a system for heating and storing water.
• a system is implemented, for example, in a central heating system.
• This comprises a water tank which is connected to a plurality of radiators or heating elements via a pipe system.
• the water in this system is generally pumped from the boiler to the heating elements and from there back to the boiler.
• the boiler is heated, for example, via its own water circuit or directly with electricity, gas or oil.
• a surge tank is generally provided. Furthermore, such a system usually includes an overpressure safety valve. This prevents the water cycle from opening at an unpredictable point as a result of overpressure, for example by an element of the system bursting or a seam or a transition point becoming leaky. If such an incident occurs in the masonry of the building in which the boiler system is installed, this could lead to considerable damage to the building.
• an overpressure safety valve which is designed in such a way that it opens in the event of a dangerous overpressure in order to prevent the system from bursting.
• an outlet is already provided below such a pressure relief valve, so that opening the pressure relief valve does not cause any damage.
• the overpressure safety valve is generally designed so that the overpressure at which it triggers is below the overpressure or the bursting pressure that is dangerous for the system.
• overpressure safety valves In general, there is no pressure that is dangerous for the system in a boiler system. That is why overpressure safety valves often unused for several years. How such an overpressure safety valve, which has not been used for a long period of time, reacts when overpressure occurs, is relatively unsafe. Overpressure safety valves also tend to drip continuously after initial triggering, which subsequently leads to a drop in pressure in the system.
• the continuously determined pressure is compared to a first threshold value. If the first threshold value is exceeded, the heat supply to the boiler system is reduced.
• a second threshold is provided. If the continuously determined pressure exceeds the second threshold value, the supply of heat to the boiler system is switched off immediately.
• both the first threshold value and the second threshold value below the pressure which leads to damage to the boiler system must be selected.
• both the first and the second should Threshold is below the pressure that triggers the overpressure safety valve.
• the first threshold value should be chosen to be smaller than the second threshold value. Therefore, if the first threshold is provided, only the supply of heat to the boiler system is reduced, whereas if the second threshold is exceeded, the supply of heat to the boiler system is switched off.
• the monitoring device to be provided for this in the boiler system can monitor only one of the two threshold values or both threshold values simultaneously.
• threshold values For example, five threshold values can be provided, the first and fifth threshold values being comparable to the above-mentioned first and second threshold values, whereas exceeding the three intermediate threshold values only leads to a correspondingly graduated reduction in the heat supply.
• this monitoring can also be carried out on the basis of the current pressure rise above the system temperature.
• the current pressure increase can be based on two or more pressure values and temperature values determined successively in time are determined.
• a predetermined pressure increase per temperature unit can be used as the threshold value for the current pressure increase.
• a continuously determined pressure can be viewed as either a continuously determined pressure or a pressure which is determined in predetermined, successive time periods.
• threshold values can also be provided when monitoring the boiler system on the basis of the current pressure increase.
• a further increase in the safety of the boiler system results if one or more threshold values for the continuously determined pressure and one or more threshold values for the current pressure increase are monitored simultaneously.
• the system proposed provides a warning signal.
• the warning signal is emitted in any case when there is an intervention in the supply of heat to the boiler system on the basis of a continuously determined pressure or on the basis of the current pressure increase.
• This warning signal can of course be optical or acoustic, or can be sent to a remote control center in any form.
• the operator of the boiler system then knows that the system has a fault and can initiate appropriate checking measures.
• the proposed boiler system includes a monitoring device that includes a pressure sensor for determining the pressure of the water in the boiler system.
• This pressure sensor can in principle be provided at any point in the water cycle.
• the monitoring device comprises a computing device for regulating the supply of heat to the boiler system taking into account the continuously determined pressure.
• This computing device and also the monitoring device can of course be part of the otherwise existing control system of the boiler system, in which the supply of heat is based on the target temperature and the actual temperature of the water in the water circuit of the boiler system is regulated.
• the proposed boiler system also includes an overpressure safety valve.
• this overpressure safety valve can also be omitted. This is particularly the case if the monitoring device described above is designed with such a certainty that it exceeds the safety of the overpressure safety valve.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
• Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Cited By (3)

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Citations (4)

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• 2003
  • 2003-03-21 DE DE10312667A patent/DE10312667A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2004
  • 2004-03-22 EP EP04006849A patent/EP1460355A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (4)

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