EP1454409A1 - Traction drive - Google Patents

Traction drive

Info

Publication number
EP1454409A1
EP1454409A1 EP02792616A EP02792616A EP1454409A1 EP 1454409 A1 EP1454409 A1 EP 1454409A1 EP 02792616 A EP02792616 A EP 02792616A EP 02792616 A EP02792616 A EP 02792616A EP 1454409 A1 EP1454409 A1 EP 1454409A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
traction
traction drive
drive according
converter
synchronous motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02792616A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andreas JÖCKEL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1454409A1 publication Critical patent/EP1454409A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
    • B60L7/02—Dynamic electric resistor braking
    • B60L7/06—Dynamic electric resistor braking for vehicles propelled by ac motors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/24—Arrangements for stopping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/10—Electrical machine types
    • B60L2220/14—Synchronous machines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a traction drive according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Known driving wheel sets for rail vehicles have asynchronous traction motors with pulse inverter power. These traction drives cover driving and braking as a generator brake. So that such a motor vehicle can maintain a prescribed braking distance even in the event of a fault in the pulse-controlled inverter, the wheelset must have a fail-safe brake that can be counted.
  • a fail-safe brake is a mechanical one
  • Brake for example a disc brake, a block brake or a Magnetschienenbrem.se.
  • the invention is based on the object of realizing a driving wheel set of a rail vehicle which does not require any mechanical brake.
  • a traction drive according to the invention now has a permanent-magnet synchronous motor instead of an asynchronous motor means that instead of a mechanical brake, braking resistors can now be used, which are electrically star-connected on the one hand and, on the other hand, can be connected to the stator windings of the permanent-magnet synchronous machine in such a way that they can be connected by the Outputs of the Traction converter are decoupled.
  • FIG. 1 shows a traction drive according to the invention for a
  • AC vehicle and in FIG 2 is a traction drive according to the invention for a
  • the traction transformer 1 shows a traction drive for an AC vehicle, also referred to as an AC vehicle, with 2 being a traction transformer, 4 being a traction converter, 6 being a permanently excited synchronous motor and 8 being a braking device.
  • the traction transformer 2 has one primary and several secondary windings 10 and 12, of which only two secondary Windings 12 are shown.
  • the traction converter 4 has two four-quadrant actuators 14, a suction circuit 16, a capacitor bank 18, an overvoltage protection device 20 and a machine-side pulse current converter 22.
  • the two four-quadrant actuators 14 are each connected to a secondary winding 12 of the traction transformer 2 on the AC voltage side and electrically connected in parallel on the DC voltage side.
  • the suction circuit 16, the capacitor bank 18, the overvoltage protection device 20 and the DC-side input connections of the machine-side pulse converter 22 are electrically connected in parallel with the two DC-side connections 24 and 26 of this feed-in circuit.
  • the pulse converter 22 on the machine side can be connected to connections of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor 6. Such a traction drive is known.
  • the brake device 8 is constituted per phase of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor 6 from a braking resistor 28 and a switch 30. These braking resistors 28 are electrically connected in a star 'and have a constant resistance value in each case.
  • the changeover switches 30 are linked to the outputs of the machine-side pulse converter 22 and the inputs of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor 6 in such a way that the inputs of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor 6 can be connected on the one hand to the braking resistor 28 and on the other hand to the outputs of the machine-side pulse converter 2.
  • changeover switches 28 which are also referred to as fail-safe switches, can be operated electrically or mechanically or pneumatically.
  • the permanently excited synchronous motor 6 generates a braking torque that decreases with the reduction in the speed of the rail vehicle. Neither the machine-side pulse converter 22 nor any control system is required to generate the braking torque.
  • This provides a fail-safe, inverter-independent electrical brake for a driving wheel set of a rail vehicle.
  • This fail-safe brake also has inherent anti-slip protection. This means that flat spots on the wheels of a driving wheel set can never occur again when braking, because if the wheel set slides on a wet rail, the braking torque generated is automatically reduced.
  • the prerequisite for generating the braking torque is that the rotor of the permanently excited synchronous motor 6 rotates. Without a rotation of this rotor, no voltage is generated at the terminals of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 6. And without this induced voltage, no braking torque can be generated by means of the braking resistors 28. In the case of sliding wheels of a wheel set of a rail vehicle, these wheels are almost stationary. As a result, no braking torque can be generated by means of the permanently excited synchronous motor 6 and the braking resistors 28 on sliding wheels, and thus no more flat spots can arise.
  • the inventive design of the traction drive means that there is no need for a mechanical brake on a driving wheel set of a rail vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 shows a traction drive for a DC vehicle, which is also referred to as a DC vehicle, in more detail.
  • This traction drive differs from the traction drive according to FIG. 1 in that the traction converter 4 has no four-quadrant actuators 14, no traction transformer 2 and no suction circuit 16.
  • the condens Sator battery 18 is connected in an electrically conductive manner to a current collector of the DC vehicle by means of a DC choke 32.
  • the traction converter 4 can have a DC / DC converter, in particular if the DC vehicle is to be operated on a plurality of DC voltage systems. Such a DC / DC converter would then be a step-up / step-down converter.
  • a traction drive of a diesel-electric vehicle can also be designed according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a traction drive comprising a traction power converter (4) and a permanent-field synchronous motor (6), said traction power converter (4) comprising at least one pulsed power converter (22) on the machine side. According to the invention, the permanent-field synchronous motor (6) is respectively connected to an input of a commutator (30) on the terminal side, the outputs of said commutator being respectively connected to an output of the pulsed power converter (22) and to a connection of the star-connected braking resistances (28). In this way, a fail-safe electrical brake which is independent from the power inverter can be obtained for a set of traction wheels of a rail vehicle, such that a mechanical brake is not required.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Traktionsantriebtraction drive
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Traktionsantrieb gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a traction drive according to the preamble of claim 1.
Bekannte Treibradsätze von Schienenfahrzeugen weisen Asyn- chrom-Fahrmotoren mit Pulswechselrichterspeisung auf. Mit diesen Traktionsantrieben wird der Fahrbetrieb und der Bremsbetrieb als generatorische Bremse abgedeckt. Damit ein solches Triebfahrzeug auch bei einer Störung des Pulswechselrichters einen vorgeschriebenen Bremsweg einhalten kann, uss der Radsatz eine anrechenbare ausfallsichere Bremse besitzen. Eine derartige ausfallsichere Bremse ist eine mechanischeKnown driving wheel sets for rail vehicles have asynchronous traction motors with pulse inverter power. These traction drives cover driving and braking as a generator brake. So that such a motor vehicle can maintain a prescribed braking distance even in the event of a fault in the pulse-controlled inverter, the wheelset must have a fail-safe brake that can be counted. Such a fail-safe brake is a mechanical one
Bremse, beispielsweise eine Scheibenbremse, eine Klotzbremse oder eine Magnetschienenbrem.se.Brake, for example a disc brake, a block brake or a Magnetschienenbrem.se.
Unter Punkt 4.3 der Veröffentlichung "Neue InterCityExpress- Triebzüge für die Deutsche Bahn", abgedruckt in der deutschen Zeitschrift "eb - Elektrische Bahnen", Band 93, 1995, Heft 1/2, Seiten 15 bis 24, wird die Bremsausrüstung eines ICE 2/2-Triebzuges beschrieben. Derartige Triebzüge haben neben der generatorischen Bremse des Drehstromasynchronantriebs mit Netzrückspeisung eine Druckluftscheibenbremse in den Trieb- und Laufdrehgesteilen. Die Bremsscheiben sind als ellen- bremsscheiben in den Laufdrehgestellen und als Radbremsscheiben mit Sinterbelägen in den Triebdrehgestellen ausgebildet. Die elektronische Bremssteuerung ist mit der elektropneumati- sehen Steuerung kombiniert, so dass bei Ausfall der Elektronik ohne Beschränkung der Geschwindigkeit gefahren werden kann. Mit Vorrang werden die generatorischen Bremsen aktiviert, erst danach die mechanischen Bremsen.Under point 4.3 of the publication "New InterCityExpress multiple units for Deutsche Bahn", printed in the German magazine "eb - electric trains", volume 93, 1995, issue 1/2, pages 15 to 24, the braking equipment of an ICE 2 / 2-unit described. In addition to the regenerative brake of the three-phase asynchronous drive with regenerative power supply, such multiple units have a compressed-air disc brake in the drive and rotating parts. The brake disks are designed as ellen brake disks in the running bogies and as wheel brake disks with sintered linings in the drive bogies. The electronic brake control is combined with the electropneumatic control, so that if the electronics fail, you can drive without limiting the speed. The regenerative brakes are activated with priority, only then the mechanical brakes.
Diese mechanischen Bremsen haben folgende Nachteile: sehr komplexes und fehleranfälliges System, - hoher Preis, - Bremse selbst ist wartungsintensiv undThese mechanical brakes have the following disadvantages: very complex and error-prone system, - high price, - Brake itself is maintenance-intensive and
Fehlfunktionen beim Gleitschutz führen sofort zu Flachstellen an den Radsätzen und damit zu hohen Kosten bei der Reprofilierung der Räder.Malfunctions in the anti-skid system immediately lead to flat spots on the wheel sets and thus to high costs when re-profiling the wheels.
Aus dem europäischen Patent 0 704 961 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Bremsen eines permanenterregten Synchronmotors eines Aufzuges bekannt, dessen Ständerwicklungen mittels eines Schalters mit Bremswiderständen verbindbar sind. Zur Stromversor- gung der Ständerwicklung des permanenterregten Synchronmotors ist ein Frequenzumrichter vorgesehen. Wegen der geringen Synchroninduktivität müssen die zuschaltbaren Bremswiderstände jeweils einen nichtlinearen Widerstandswert aufweisen, der mit steigender Spannung größer wird. Dieser nichtlineare Wi- derstand gewährleistet, dass die Sinkgeschwindigkeit so gering wie möglich ist. Die Bremsleistung und der durch den Bremswiderstand fließende Strom werden groß, wenn die Ständerwicklungen des permanenterregten Synchronmotors auf diese Bremswiderstände speisen und der Motor bei Höchstgeschwindig- keit läuft.From European patent 0 704 961 a device for braking a permanently excited synchronous motor of an elevator is known, the stator windings of which can be connected to braking resistors by means of a switch. A frequency converter is provided for supplying power to the stator winding of the permanently excited synchronous motor. Because of the low synchronous inductance, the switchable braking resistors must each have a non-linear resistance value that increases with increasing voltage. This non-linear resistance ensures that the rate of descent is as low as possible. The braking power and the current flowing through the braking resistor become large when the stator windings of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor feed to these braking resistors and the motor runs at maximum speed.
Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Treibradsatz eines Schienenfahrzeugs zu realisieren, der ohne jegliche mechanische Bremse auskommt.The invention is based on the object of realizing a driving wheel set of a rail vehicle which does not require any mechanical brake.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit dem kennzeichnenden Merkmal des Anspruchs 1 in Zusammenhang mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs gelöst.This object is achieved with the characterizing feature of claim 1 in connection with the features of the preamble.
Dadurch, dass ein Traktionsantrieb nach der Erfindung anstelle eines Asynchronmotors nun einen permanenterregten Synchronmotor aufweist, können anstelle einer mechanischen Bremse nun Bremswiderstände verwendet werden, die einerseits elektrisch in Stern geschaltet sind und andererseits derart mit den Ständerwicklungen der permanenterregten Synchronmaschine verbindbar sind, dass diese von den Ausgängen des Traktionsstromrichters entkoppelt sind.The fact that a traction drive according to the invention now has a permanent-magnet synchronous motor instead of an asynchronous motor means that instead of a mechanical brake, braking resistors can now be used, which are electrically star-connected on the one hand and, on the other hand, can be connected to the stator windings of the permanent-magnet synchronous machine in such a way that they can be connected by the Outputs of the Traction converter are decoupled.
Durch die Verwendung eines permanenterregten Synchronmotors wird nicht nur ein Getriebe eingespart, sondern an den Klemmen des Synchronmotors steht eine induzierte Spannung an, sobald sich der Motor dreht. Diese vorhandene Spannung wird zum Bremsen eines Treibradsatzes eines Schienenfahrzeugs benutzt. Mittels eines Umschalters wird diese Spannung auf die Bremswiderstände geschaltet.The use of a permanently excited synchronous motor not only saves one gear, but an induced voltage is present at the terminals of the synchronous motor as soon as the motor turns. This existing voltage is used to brake a driving wheel set of a rail vehicle. This voltage is switched to the braking resistors by means of a switch.
Somit kann man völlig auf eine mechanische Bremse an einem Treibradsatz eines Schienenfahrzeugs verzichten. Dadurch entfallen auch die Aufwendungen für die Wartung einer mechanischen Bremse. Da keine mechanische Bremse mehr benötigt wird, ist ein Treibradsatz nicht nur preiswerter, sondern weist auch eine reduzierte Masse auf.This means that you can completely do without a mechanical brake on a driving wheel set of a rail vehicle. This also eliminates the expense of maintaining a mechanical brake. Since a mechanical brake is no longer required, a driving wheel set is not only cheaper, but also has a reduced mass.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Traktionsantriebs sind den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 7 zu entnehmen.Advantageous refinements of the traction drive can be found in subclaims 2 to 7.
Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird auf die Zeichnung Bezug genommen, in der zwei Ausführungsformen eines erfindungsgemäßen Traktionsantriebs schematisch veranschaulicht ist.To further explain the invention, reference is made to the drawing, in which two embodiments of a traction drive according to the invention are schematically illustrated.
FIG 1 zeigt einen Traktionsantrieb nach der Erfindung für ein1 shows a traction drive according to the invention for a
Wechselstromfahrzeug und in der FIG 2 ist ein Traktionsantrieb nach der Erfindung für einAC vehicle and in FIG 2 is a traction drive according to the invention for a
Gleichstromfahrzeug näher dargestellt.DC vehicle shown in more detail.
In der FIG 1 ist ein Traktionsantrieb für ein Wechselstromfahrzeug, auch als AC-Fahrzeug bezeichnet, näher dargestellt, wobei mit 2 ein Traktionstransformator, mit 4 ein Traktionsstromrichter, mit 6 ein permanenterregter Synchronmotor und mit 8 eine Bremseinrichtung gekennzeichnet sind. Der Traktionstransformator 2 weist eine Primär- und mehrere Sekundärwicklungen 10 und 12 auf, von denen hier nur zwei Sekundär- Wicklungen 12 dargestellt sind. Der Traktionsstromrichter 4 weist zwei Vierquadranten-Steller 14, einen Saugkreis 16, eine Kondensatorbatterie 18, eine Überspannungs-Schutzeinrichtung 20 und einen maschinenseitigen PulsStromrichter 22 auf. Die beiden Vierquadranten-Steller 14 sind wechselspannungs- seitig jeweils mit einer Sekundärwicklung 12 des Traktionstransformators 2 verknüpft und gleichspannungsseitig elektrisch parallel geschaltet. Elektrisch parallel zu den beiden gleichspannungsseitigen Anschlüssen 24 und 26 dieser Einspei- seschaltung sind der Saugkreis 16, die Kondensatorbatterie 18, die Überspannungs-Schutzeinrichtung 20 und die gleichspannungsseitigen Eingangsanschlüsse des maschinenseitigen Pulsstromrichters 22 geschaltet. Ausgangsseitig ist der a- schinenseitige Pulsstromrichter 22 mit Anschlüssen des perma- nenterregten Synchronmotors 6 verbindbar. Ein derartiger Traktionsantrieb ist bekannt.1 shows a traction drive for an AC vehicle, also referred to as an AC vehicle, with 2 being a traction transformer, 4 being a traction converter, 6 being a permanently excited synchronous motor and 8 being a braking device. The traction transformer 2 has one primary and several secondary windings 10 and 12, of which only two secondary Windings 12 are shown. The traction converter 4 has two four-quadrant actuators 14, a suction circuit 16, a capacitor bank 18, an overvoltage protection device 20 and a machine-side pulse current converter 22. The two four-quadrant actuators 14 are each connected to a secondary winding 12 of the traction transformer 2 on the AC voltage side and electrically connected in parallel on the DC voltage side. The suction circuit 16, the capacitor bank 18, the overvoltage protection device 20 and the DC-side input connections of the machine-side pulse converter 22 are electrically connected in parallel with the two DC-side connections 24 and 26 of this feed-in circuit. On the output side, the pulse converter 22 on the machine side can be connected to connections of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor 6. Such a traction drive is known.
Die Bremseinrichtung 8 besteht pro Phase des permanenterregten Synchronmotors 6 aus einem Bremswiderstand 28 und einem Umschalter 30. Diese Bremswiderstände 28 sind' elektrisch in Stern geschaltet und weisen jeweils einen konstanten Widerstandswert auf. Die Umschalter 30 sind derartig mit den Ausgängen des maschinenseitigen Pulsstromrichters 22 und den Eingängen des permanenterregten Synchronmotors 6 verknüpft, dass die Eingänge des permanenterregten Synchronmotors 6 einerseits mit dem Bremswiderstand 28 und andererseits mit den Ausgängen des maschinenseitigen Pulsstromrichters 2 verbindbar sind.The brake device 8 is constituted per phase of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor 6 from a braking resistor 28 and a switch 30. These braking resistors 28 are electrically connected in a star 'and have a constant resistance value in each case. The changeover switches 30 are linked to the outputs of the machine-side pulse converter 22 and the inputs of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor 6 in such a way that the inputs of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor 6 can be connected on the one hand to the braking resistor 28 and on the other hand to the outputs of the machine-side pulse converter 2.
Diese Umschalter 28, die auch als Fail-Safe-Schalter bezeichnet werden, können elektrisch oder mechanisch oder pneumatisch betätigt werden. Sobald diese Umschalter 28 von der Betriebsstellung "Fahren", d.h., die Klemmen des permanenterregten Synchronmotors 6 sind mit den Ausgängen des maschinen- seitigen Pulsstromrichters 22 verbunden, in die' Betriebsstellung "Bremsen", d.h., die Klemmen des permanenterregten Synchronmotors 6 sind mit den in Stern geschalteten Bremswider- ständen 28 verbunden, gelangt, erzeugt der permanenterregte Synchronmotor 6 ein Bremsmoment, das sich mit der Verringerung der Geschwindigkeit des Schienenfahrzeugs vermindert. Zur Erzeugung des Bremsmoments wird weder der maschinenseiti- ge Pulsstromrichter 22 noch irgend eine Regelung benötigt.These changeover switches 28, which are also referred to as fail-safe switches, can be operated electrically or mechanically or pneumatically. As soon as these changeover switches 28 from the operating position "drive", ie the terminals of the permanent-magnet synchronous motor 6 are connected to the outputs of the machine-side pulse converter 22, to the " operating position" braking ", ie the terminals of the permanently excited synchronous motor 6 are connected to the star connected braking resistors Stands 28 connected, arrives, the permanently excited synchronous motor 6 generates a braking torque that decreases with the reduction in the speed of the rail vehicle. Neither the machine-side pulse converter 22 nor any control system is required to generate the braking torque.
Somit erhält man eine ausfallsichere wechselrichterunabhängige elektrische Bremse für einen Treibradsatz eines Schienenfahrzeugs.This provides a fail-safe, inverter-independent electrical brake for a driving wheel set of a rail vehicle.
Diese ausfallsichere Bremse hat außerdem einen inhärenten Gleitschutz. D.h., es kann nie mehr beim Bremsen zu Flachstellen an- den Rädern eines Treibradsatzes kommen, da, wenn der Radsatz auf einer nassen Schiene ins Gleiten kommt, das erzeugte Bremsmoment sich automatisch reduziert. Die Voraussetzung zur Generierung des Bremsmoments ist, dass der Läufer des permanenterregten Synchronmotors 6 sich dreht. Ohne eine Drehung dieses Läufers wird keine Spannung an den Klemmen des permanenterregten Synchronmotors 6 erzeugt. Und ohne diese induzierte Spannung kann mittels der Bremswiderstände 28 kein Bremsmoment erzeugt werden. Im Falle des Gleitens von Rädern eines Radsatzes eines Schienenfahrzeuges stehen diese Räder nahezu still. Dadurch kann mittels des permanenterregten Synchronmotors 6 und der Bremswiderstände 28 an gleitenden Rä- dern kein Bremsmoment erzeugt werden, und somit können auch keine Flachstellen mehr entstehen.This fail-safe brake also has inherent anti-slip protection. This means that flat spots on the wheels of a driving wheel set can never occur again when braking, because if the wheel set slides on a wet rail, the braking torque generated is automatically reduced. The prerequisite for generating the braking torque is that the rotor of the permanently excited synchronous motor 6 rotates. Without a rotation of this rotor, no voltage is generated at the terminals of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 6. And without this induced voltage, no braking torque can be generated by means of the braking resistors 28. In the case of sliding wheels of a wheel set of a rail vehicle, these wheels are almost stationary. As a result, no braking torque can be generated by means of the permanently excited synchronous motor 6 and the braking resistors 28 on sliding wheels, and thus no more flat spots can arise.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung des Traktionsantriebs kann völlig auf eine mechanische Bremse an einem Treibradsatz eines Schienenfahrzeugs verzichtet werden.The inventive design of the traction drive means that there is no need for a mechanical brake on a driving wheel set of a rail vehicle.
In der FIG 2 ist ein Traktionsantrieb für ein Gleichstromfahrzeug, das auch als DC-Fahrzeug bezeichnet wird, näher dargestellt. Dieser Traktionsantrieb unterscheidet sich vom Traktionsantrieb nach FIG 1 dadurch, dass der Traktionsstromrichter 4 keine Vierquadrantensteller 14, keinen Traktionstransformator 2 und keinen Saugkreis 16 aufweist. Die Konden- satorbatterie 18 ist hier mittels einer Gleichstromdrossel 32 mit einem Stromabnehmer des DC-Fahrzeugs elektrisch leitend verbunden. In Abhängigkeit der FahrdrahtSpannung kann der Traktionsstromrichter 4 einen DC/DC-Wandler aufweisen, insbe- sondere dann, wenn das DC-Fahrzeug an mehreren Gleichspannungssystemen betrieben werden soll. Ein derartiger DC/DC- Wandler wäre dann ein Hochsetz-/Tiefsetzsteller .FIG. 2 shows a traction drive for a DC vehicle, which is also referred to as a DC vehicle, in more detail. This traction drive differs from the traction drive according to FIG. 1 in that the traction converter 4 has no four-quadrant actuators 14, no traction transformer 2 and no suction circuit 16. The condens Sator battery 18 is connected in an electrically conductive manner to a current collector of the DC vehicle by means of a DC choke 32. Depending on the contact wire voltage, the traction converter 4 can have a DC / DC converter, in particular if the DC vehicle is to be operated on a plurality of DC voltage systems. Such a DC / DC converter would then be a step-up / step-down converter.
Anhand dieser beiden Ausführungsbeispielen eines Traktionsan- triebes ist zu erkennen, dass es für die erfindungsgemäßeOn the basis of these two exemplary embodiments of a traction drive, it can be seen that it is suitable for the invention
Ausgestaltung des Traktionsantriebes unerheblich ist, wie eine Einspeiseschaltung ausgestaltet ist. Es kommt lediglich darauf an, dass als Motor ein permanenterregter Synchronmotor vorgesehen sein uss, der mittels eines Pulsstromrichters 22 mit Leistung versorgt wird. Somit kann auch ein Traktionsantrieb eines dieselelektrischen Fahrzeugs gemäß der Erfindung ausgestaltet sein. Design of the traction drive is irrelevant how a feed circuit is designed. All that matters is that a permanently excited synchronous motor must be provided as the motor, which is supplied with power by means of a pulse converter 22. Thus, a traction drive of a diesel-electric vehicle can also be designed according to the invention.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Traktionsantrieb mit einem Traktionsstfomrichter (4) und einem permanenterregten Synchronmotor (6), wobei der Trak- tionsstromrichter (4) wenigstens einen maschinenseitigen Pulsstromrichter (22) aufweist, d a d u r c h g ek e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der permanenterregte Synchronmotor (6) an seinen Klemmen jeweils mit einem Eingang eines Umschalters (30) verbunden ist, dass beide Ausgänge ei- nes jeden Umschalters (30) jeweils mit einem Ausgang des1. Traction drive with a traction converter (4) and a permanently excited synchronous motor (6), the traction converter (4) having at least one machine-side pulse converter (22), characterized in that the permanently excited synchronous motor (6) has its terminals at each an input of a changeover switch (30) is connected such that both outputs of each changeover switch (30) each have an output of the
Pulsstromrichters (22) und mit einem Anschluss eines Bremswiderstandes (28) verknüpft sind, und dass diese Bremswiderstände (28) elektrisch in Stern geschaltet sind.Pulse converter (22) and with a connection of a braking resistor (28) are linked, and that these braking resistors (28) are electrically connected in star.
2. Traktionsantrieb nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der Bremswiderstand (28) ein konstanter ohmscher Widerstand ist.2. Traction drive according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the braking resistor (28) is a constant ohmic resistance.
3. Traktionsantrieb nach einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass jeder Umschalter (30) elektrisch betätigbar ist.3. Traction drive according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that each switch (30) is electrically actuated.
4. Traktionsantrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass jeder Um- Schalter (30) mechanisch betätigbar ist.4. Traction drive according to one of claims 1 or 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that each changeover switch (30) can be actuated mechanically.
5. Traktionsantrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass jeder Umschalter (30) pneumatisch betätigbar ist.5. traction drive according to one of claims 1 or 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that each switch (30) is pneumatically actuated.
6. Traktionsantrieb nach einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der permanenterregte Synchronmotor (6) eine Synchroninduktivität aufweist, die derart dimensioniert ist, dass ein Kurzschlussstrom etwa gleich einem Nennstrom ist. 6. Traction drive according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the permanently excited synchronous motor (6) has a synchronous inductance which is dimensioned such that a short-circuit current is approximately equal to a nominal current.
7. Traktionsantrieb nach Anspruch 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der permanenterregte Synchronmotor (6) innenliegende Magnete aufweist.7. Traction drive according to claim 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the permanent magnet synchronous motor (6) has internal magnets.
8. Traktionsantrieb nach einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der Traktionsstromrichter (4) wenigstens einen Vierquadranten-Steller8. Traction drive according to one of the preceding claims, that the traction power converter (4) has at least one four-quadrant actuator
(14) , eine Kondensatorbatterie (18) und einen Traktionstrans- formator (2) aufweist, dass jeder Vierquadranten-Steller (14) eingangsseitig mit einer Sekundärwicklung (12) des Traktionstransformators (2) verknüpft ist, und dass diese Vierquadranten-Steller (14) gleichspannungsseitig mittels der Kondensatorbatterie (18) mit Gleichspannungs-Anschlüsse des Puls- Stromrichters (22) verbunden sind.(14), a capacitor bank (18) and a traction transformer (2) that each four-quadrant actuator (14) is connected on the input side to a secondary winding (12) of the traction transformer (2), and that these four-quadrant actuators (14 ) are connected on the DC voltage side by means of the capacitor bank (18) to DC voltage connections of the pulse converter (22).
9. Traktionsantrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der Traktionsstromrichter (4) eine Kondensatorbatterie (18) und eine Gleichstromdrossel (32) aufweist, dass die Kondensatorbatterie (18) elektrisch parallel zu Gleichspannungs-Anschlüsse des Pulsstromrichters (22) geschaltet ist, und dass die Gleichspannungsdrossel (32) einen Eingang des Traktionsstromrichters (4) mit dem positiven Anschluss der Kondensatorbat- terie (18) verbindet.9. Traction drive according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the traction converter (4) has a capacitor bank (18) and a DC choke (32), that the capacitor bank (18) is electrically connected in parallel to DC connections of the pulse converter (22) and that the DC choke (32) connects an input of the traction converter (4) to the positive connection of the capacitor bank (18).
10. Traktionsantrieb nach Anspruch 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass elektrisch parallel zur Kondensatorbatterie (18) ein Saugkreis (16) geschaltet ist.10. traction drive according to claim 8, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that a suction circuit (16) is electrically connected in parallel to the capacitor bank (18).
11. Traktionsantrieb nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass elektrisch parallel zur Kondensatorbatterie (18) eine Überspan- nungs-Schutzeinrichtung (20) geschaltet ist. 11. Traction drive according to claim 8 or 9, so that an overvoltage protection device (20) is connected electrically in parallel with the capacitor bank (18).
EP02792616A 2001-12-11 2002-11-28 Traction drive Withdrawn EP1454409A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE10160612 2001-12-11
DE10160612A DE10160612A1 (en) 2001-12-11 2001-12-11 traction drive
PCT/DE2002/004380 WO2003050940A1 (en) 2001-12-11 2002-11-28 Traction drive

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EP (1) EP1454409A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2005512497A (en)
CN (1) CN1602581A (en)
CA (1) CA2470349A1 (en)
DE (1) DE10160612A1 (en)
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CN1602581A (en) 2005-03-30
CA2470349A1 (en) 2003-06-19
JP2005512497A (en) 2005-04-28
DE10160612A1 (en) 2003-06-26
US20040222761A1 (en) 2004-11-11
NO20042947L (en) 2004-09-09
US6938555B2 (en) 2005-09-06

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