EP1449977A1 - Entlüfter für Stahlbeton Bauelemente mit Hohlräume oder gewicht reduzierende Elemente - Google Patents
Entlüfter für Stahlbeton Bauelemente mit Hohlräume oder gewicht reduzierende Elemente Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1449977A1 EP1449977A1 EP04003596A EP04003596A EP1449977A1 EP 1449977 A1 EP1449977 A1 EP 1449977A1 EP 04003596 A EP04003596 A EP 04003596A EP 04003596 A EP04003596 A EP 04003596A EP 1449977 A1 EP1449977 A1 EP 1449977A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tubular element
- weight
- reducing
- vent
- closure element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
- E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for application to prefabricated predalle slabs or curtain panels provided with weight-reducing elements or with closed cavities serving the same purpose, and used for constructing reinforced concrete (hereinafter known as r.c.) floors or walls, the device allowing venting of those gases which may develop in said components within the weight-reducing elements or closed cavities because of a fire involving the relative building.
- r.c. reinforced concrete
- prefabricated predalle slabs are rectangular slabs of standard width (normally 119.5 or 249.5 cm) and of the required length, and are used to construct r.c. floors.
- These prefabricated slabs consist of an r.c. base, the lower face of which will form the soffit of the floor.
- Steel lattices are partially embedded in this base (three lattices in the case of a 119.5 cm wide slab, and five if 249.5 cm wide) to extend longitudinally and project from the upper face of the base. These lattices serve mainly to give the base the necessary static strength during transport and installation of the prefabricated slab.
- the lattices are usually integrated on site with the necessary additional reinforcement before casting the concrete to complete the floor.
- Corresponding rows of polystyrene blocks are provided between the lattices to lighten the floor, they being applied to the r.c. base. These blocks are then incorporated into the concrete casting which completes the floor.
- curtain panels are rectangular prefabricated slabs of variable width, generally of the order of 249 cm, and of the required length; they are used to form r.c. walls. These prefabricated panels consist of two r.c. bases with interposed polystyrene sheets. Steel lattices and electrowelded metal meshes are inserted into these bases, the meshes extending over the whole of their surface. These lattices serve mainly to connect the bases together.
- the polystyrene sheets of suitable thickness are used for weight-reducing purposes and also as thermal insulation.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a device for prefabricated predalle slabs or curtain panels comprising weight-reducing blocks or closed cavities which - in the case of fire involving a building the floors and walls of which are constructed using said components - prevents the aforegoing drawback occurring.
- the device of the present invention comprising a tubular element, a first end of which is open, the relative end portion being inserted or insertable into a weight-reducing element or into a closed cavity provided in the prefabricated predalle slabs or in the curtain panels, the remaining part of the tubular element being embedded into the newly cast base of the component during its prefabrication, the second end of the tubular element being closed by a closure element the outer surface of which is intended to at least partly rest on the bottom of the formwork in which the base is cast, the closure element, or at least that portion thereof corresponding to that outer surface intended to rest on the formwork, being of a material which melts or is eliminated as a result of its exposure to the high temperature caused by a fire.
- the closure element acts as a vent valve, which enables the pressurized gases developed in the interior of the floor or of the wall to vent to the outside, hence avoiding compromising the static strength of the base (and hence of the entire floor or wall).
- the high temperature of a fire is able to calcine and hence remove any layer of finishing plaster which may be present on the floor soffit or on the wall, and covering the closure element of the vent device.
- the entire closure element and the tubular element of the vent device are of one and the same material, preferably of thermoplastic material (for example a polyethylene sufficiently rigid at ambient temperature), which melts to lose consistency if subjected to the temperature of a fire, which reaches hundreds of degrees.
- thermoplastic material for example a polyethylene sufficiently rigid at ambient temperature
- the vent device 10 comprises a tubular element 12 which, in the specific illustrated example, has a circular cross-section.
- shape of the cross-section of the tubular element 12 is not critical, tubular elements being usable having a cross-section of different shape (for example square or hexagonal).
- the upper end 28 of the tubular element 12 is open and shaped, in the specific illustrated example, as a flute mouthpiece, while the lower end of the tubular element 12 is closed by a closure element 18 presenting an outer central projection 20 of trapezoidal shape ( Figure 1).
- This shape could also be different, such as triangular, square or semicircular.
- at least that part of the closure element 18 in correspondence with the projection 20 must, for the entire thickness of this latter, be of a material which loses consistency or is eliminated as a result of its exposure to the high temperature of the fire.
- An intermediate ring 22 extends radially outwards from the lateral surface of the tubular element 12, in an intermediate position. That part of the tubular element 12 above the ring 22 (indicated by 26) is inserted, when installed, into a weight-reducing element (not shown in the figures for simplicity) or into a closed cavity serving the same purpose, the remaining part 14 of the tubular element 12 (from the intermediate ring 22 downwards) being embedded in the r.c. base 16 of a prefabricated predalle slab or of a curtain panel.
- the lower end of the projection 20 of the closure element 18 can be seen to be at the same level as the soffit of the base 16.
- the closure element 18 projects laterally from the lateral surface of the tubular element 12 and is fixed to this latter (for example glued thereto or formed in one piece therewith).
- the tubular element 12 cannot withdraw from the base 16 during transportation and installation of the predalle slab, the device 10 thus also acting as a fixing for the relative weight-reducing block.
- the device 10 is also provided with four laterally projecting fins 24 inclined downwards. It has to be noted that the flute mouthpiece-shaped upper end 28 of the tubular element 12 facilitates insertion of the upper portion 26 of the tubular element 12 into the relative weight-reducing element. When this operation has been completed, the fins 24 ensure that the vent device 10 cannot withdraw from the weight-reducing element. As stated, in the case of a predalle slab, the vent device 10 also serves to fix the weight-reducing element to the relative base.
- the vent device 10 can be advantageously entirely formed of a convenient plastic material, in particular thermoplastic (for example a sufficiently rigid polyethylene), so that the device 10 can be injection moulded in one piece. It should be noted, for example, that the device 10 can have actual dimensions such as those of the figures.
- thermoplastic for example a sufficiently rigid polyethylene
- Vent devices 10 are firstly driven into relative weight-reducing blocks (for example one vent device 10 about every square metre of the floor under construction) so that the ring 22 comes into contact with the lower surface of the block.
- the reinforcement mesh, the relative longitudinal lattices and the reinforcement bars are then placed on the bottom of the formwork used to form the prefabricated slab.
- Concrete is then cast in the formwork to form the base 16 of the predalle slab, immediately afterwards placing the rows of weight-reducing blocks on the casting in the prescribed position with their relative vent devices projecting downwards, so that the portion 14 of the tubular element 12 is completely embedded in the casting (hence obtaining the situation of Figures 1 and 2, in which the lower end of the projection 20 rests on the bottom of the formwork). It is then left for the concrete of the casting to set sufficiently to obtain the required predalle slab, which can be removed from the formwork.
- the reinforcement mesh (not shown in Figures 1 and 2 for simplicity) of the base 16 does not prevent the resting of the lower projection 20 on the bottom of the formwork, because the shape and dimensions of this projection enable it to pass through the apertures of the reinforcement mesh (generally of dimensions 20 x 20 cm).
- vent device 10 shown therein forms part of a prefabricated predalle slab used to form a floor of a generic building (the lower face of the r.c. base 16 hence forms the soffit of this floor). It will also be assumed that a fire occurs below this floor, so that the floor may be subjected to temperatures which transform the polystyrene blocks contained in the floor into pressurized gas. If only closed cavities are used as weight-reducing elements, the fire causes the contained air to increase in pressure by being strongly heated.
- the predalle slabs used comprise the vent devices 10 (for example formed in one piece from polyethylene), and as the said temperatures cause the closure element 18 or at least its projection 20 to melt, in addition to calcining the mortar layer (normally present) below the closure element 18, vent points from which said pressurized gas can escape are obtained in the bottom of the floor (where the devices 10 are located). Consequently these gases can vent downwards without damaging the base 16. It has already been stated that the presence of any plaster on the lower face of the floor does not prevent the gas venting, as the plaster is the first to be calcined and destroyed by the flames of the fire.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITMI20030292 ITMI20030292A1 (it) | 2003-02-18 | 2003-02-18 | Dispositivo di sfiato in caso d'incendio per manufatti in cemento armato contenenti cavita' chiuse o alleggerimenti quali i solai in lastre predalle ed i pannelli di tamponamento |
ITMI20030292 | 2003-02-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1449977A1 true EP1449977A1 (de) | 2004-08-25 |
Family
ID=32732607
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04003596A Withdrawn EP1449977A1 (de) | 2003-02-18 | 2004-02-18 | Entlüfter für Stahlbeton Bauelemente mit Hohlräume oder gewicht reduzierende Elemente |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1449977A1 (de) |
IT (1) | ITMI20030292A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2535472A2 (de) | 2011-06-16 | 2012-12-19 | Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG | Dämmstoffhalter |
ITBG20110043A1 (it) * | 2011-10-06 | 2013-04-07 | Turelli Faustino Srl | Dispositivo evacuatore di umidita' e pressione |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3803784A (en) * | 1971-06-25 | 1974-04-16 | O Becker | Composite wall element for thermal and acoustic insulation |
US4084362A (en) * | 1975-12-31 | 1978-04-18 | Maso-Therm Corporation | Anchored composite building module |
EP0136252A2 (de) * | 1983-08-18 | 1985-04-03 | Steinbach & Vollmann GmbH & Co. | Kupplungselement für Verbundbauteile |
-
2003
- 2003-02-18 IT ITMI20030292 patent/ITMI20030292A1/it unknown
-
2004
- 2004-02-18 EP EP04003596A patent/EP1449977A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3803784A (en) * | 1971-06-25 | 1974-04-16 | O Becker | Composite wall element for thermal and acoustic insulation |
US4084362A (en) * | 1975-12-31 | 1978-04-18 | Maso-Therm Corporation | Anchored composite building module |
EP0136252A2 (de) * | 1983-08-18 | 1985-04-03 | Steinbach & Vollmann GmbH & Co. | Kupplungselement für Verbundbauteile |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2535472A2 (de) | 2011-06-16 | 2012-12-19 | Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG | Dämmstoffhalter |
DE102011077657A1 (de) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-12-20 | Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG | Dämmstoffhalter |
ITBG20110043A1 (it) * | 2011-10-06 | 2013-04-07 | Turelli Faustino Srl | Dispositivo evacuatore di umidita' e pressione |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ITMI20030292A1 (it) | 2004-08-19 |
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Effective date: 20050226 |