DEVICE FOR PACKAGING POTTED PLANTS INTO BAGS OR COVERS
The present invention relates to a device for supplying subjects such as potted plants or bundles of flowers with a cover, a so called apparatus for packaging, in which the covers can be fed in bulk by means of a holder device or storage device on one side and the subjects, the potted plants or bundles of flowers can be fed by means of a conveyor belt and these potted plants or bundles of flowers are mostly provided with transparent plastic covers in an automized manner in the device.
A somewhat similar machine is known in the American Patent document number 5 706 628, titled: "Article Packaging System" by the inventors CRAIG, Frank, Valley Park, Missouri; STRAITER, Joseph, G. and WEDER, Donald E from Highland, Illinois, in which the American Patent document was submitted on October 10th, 1996.
The mentioned invention consists of a modular system' for packaging articles which, for example, are to be shipped, in which according to the mentioned Patent submission potted plants are packed in transparent covers. It especially concerns potted plants, for example, which are sorted in size and which should be placed in a decorative cover, in which the mentioned cover is meant for protection in the first place. After that, the packed plants are placed in boxes, in which the system can somewhat be adjusted to several packaging needs and transport circumstances. In the aforementioned patent document the system is shown in side view; in which a first conveyor belt feeds the potted plants in rows with an equal distance, in which on the transport end of the mentioned first conveyor belt
the potted plants fall in open cylindrical bottom closed covers and because of the weight of the potted plant the mentioned cover tears off the top edge. Then the mentioned packed plant falls on a second conveyor belt, which transports the packed potted plants to a packing box or if necessary a tray to start its journey to the various outlets.
The known aforementioned device has a number of disadvantages with regard to optimal working at a high speed. Firstly the potted plants must be fed on a very regular mutual distance in order to fall into an opened cover successfully, in which tearing off the covers' edge must also occur perfectly to avoid a break down in the system. Next, the potted plant plumps down onto a second conveyor belt and via a gate unit hopefully arrives in the correct row at a collecting unit to be placed in a tray or box for further transport to an outlet etc. Furthermore, it should be noted that the described process of packaging potted plants must still be observed closely as the susceptibility to failure is great and due to lack of further automation by computer control, the production speed remains relatively low.
The English patent document number 1 158 944 also describes a somewhat similar device for packaging mainly flowers. Here, it concerns a device for packing flowers, comprising a plurality of bevelled conical holder packages, movable in succession by an endless conveyor in a substantially horizontal plane, in which on a suitable point flowers are dropped in the mentioned bevelled conical holder packaging, after which by centrifugal force the bevelled conical holder package is torn loose at the head of the conveyor belt. Here, it also concerns a low automized apparatus for packaging flowers, which for a
reliable and fast manner of packaging of, in this case flowers, has a large number of disadvantages, such as production speed with regard to packaging flowers, as well as coming off of the packed flowers and then packaging in a suitable way in holders for transport. Also interferance at break downs is a problem because wrongly packed flowers are difficult to distinguish from correctly packed flowers, so that boxes and trays with only well packed flowers are hardly to achieve. The aim of the present invention is to provide an improved device for packaging especially potted plants, in which the aforementioned disadvantages are solved and of which the working, such as production speed and quality are better up to fantastic and in which the market price of the device is very competitive.
For this a packaging device for mainly potted plants and such is developed in such a very ingenious way, that the mentioned device consists of a number of specific inter ating computerized mechanisms, being a first mechanism for feeding and storage of covers, a second mechanism with clamping and opening means rotating in a horizontal plane for mechanical catching, opening, retain opened and by turning in an angle a tear off the transparent covers along the upper edge, which as a first of a packet of covers can be fed hanging and descending down grade guides, a third mechanism for separate catching from a conveyor belt system, followed by mechanical means like a trap door for dropping of, for example, the mentioned potted plants above the aforementioned opened cover, which is situated in the second mechanism, for which the mentioned transparent covers can be rotated by the second mechanism over an angle at the centre a around the mentioned potted plant in order to get this in a vertical
position above the mentioned transparent cover; and a fourth mechanism with drop damping belt conveyor to bring the packed potted plants to a tray filling machine for further transport, in which the whole process or the work method with the four mentioned mechanisms is software controlled with a micro processor with accessories, in which in the mentioned first up to the fourth mechanism industrial components can be used which are readily available in the market, in which the four mentioned mechanisms are built-in and placed on a frame, in which the frame consists of rigid profiles of a suitable construction material, in which the total device can partly be supplied with preferably an acoustic finished hood on the upper side. The advantage of this is that a strongly improved packaging machine or device is created with an almost faultless and high production capacity, in which hardly supervising and operating personnel is hardly necessary when compared with the existing machines. Furthermore the device according to the invention is developed in such a way, that the mentioned second mechanism consists of a pair of identical clamping and opening means, which are connected to each other under an •angle and which over the angle α of approximately 60° are rotating horizontally by means of an electromotor M and in which the mentioned first mechanism is built-up schematically according to figure 3 and the software for controlling is built-up according to the accompanying SFC (= Sequential Function Chart) of figures 4A and 4B, in which the mentioned pair of clamping and opening means are built-up schematically according to figure 7 and the software for controlling is built-up according to the SFC of figure 8.
The advantage is a second mechanism that applies covers over a fed potted plant at a very high operating speed, in which the precise description can be found in the explanation of the figures, to achieve a good operation as this item or mechanism has a lot of detailed items and is constructed in duplicate and preferably rigidly interconnected in order to create a high production speed.
Furthermore the device according to the invention is further developed in such a way that, the mentioned third mechanism is built-up schematically according to figure 5 and the software for controlling is built-up according to the SFC of figure 6.
The advantage is that the plant is well dosed and placed above the opened cover and can fall into it under influence of gravitation.
Furthermore the device according to the invention is further developed in such a way, that the mentioned acoustic hood is made of a stainless steel sheet with a thickness of approximately 2 mm with on the inner side a lining of isotope with a thickness of about 50 mm.
The advantage is a less sound nuisance work environment as the hood reduces the sound level lAeq quickly with approximately 5 to 6 dB (A) at the workplace, which means reduction of the sound level by half. The preferred construction of the invention will be described by way of example, and with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 shows a side view of the packaging process of potted plants with therein very schematically indicated the packaging machine according to the invention; Fig. 2 shows a front elevation of the packaging machine taken over the line II-II of figure 1
according to a preferred embodiment with indications of the first up to the fourth mechanism; Fig. 3 shows a view in oblique perspective of the second mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the invention; Fig. 4A and 4B show the SFC (= Sequential Function Chart) of the second mechanism of figure 3; Fig. 5 shows a view in oblique perspective of the third mechanism according to the preferred embodiment of the invention; Fig. 6 shows the SFC of the third mechanism of figure 5; Fig. 7 shows a view in oblique perspective of the second mechanism according to the preferred embodiment of the invention; Fig. 8 shows the SFC of the second mechanism of figure 7; and Fig. 9 shows a cross-section over the covering acoustic hood according to the invention.
Figure 1 shows a side view of the total packaging process 1 of for example potted plants 16, 17, in which this process consists of a collector or collecting device 2, the actual packaging machine 3 and the tray filling machine 4. The movement direction of the potted plants is indicated with arrows A, B and C.
Figure 2 shows a front elevation in the production direction of the packaging machine 3 over the line II-II of figure 1. Here, it concerns a preferred embodiment of the improved packaging machine 3 according to the invention. The improved packaging machine 3 is constructed of a first mechanism 21, consisting of the parts or feeding stores 5
and 6 for feeding bundles of covers 7 and 8 under descending down grade guides 9 and 10, through which the covers glide towards the clamping and opening means 11 and 12 under influence of gravity, in total forming the second mechanism 22, and the arrived covers 13 and 14 become ready for opening and rotating horizontally, in which in figure 2 the clamping mechanism 11 is gripping cover 13.
The third mechanism 23 for lowering the potted plants 16 one by one according to arrow D to come to the packed potted plants 17 (see also figure 1) is indicated in figure 5 here.
The clamping and opening mechanisms 11 and 12, forming the second mechanism 22, is shown in detail in figure 7 and is further described there. The whole mechanisms are applied in a rigid frame 18 of stainless steel square tubes in order to create a solid overall construction. The cover bundles 7 and 8 are situated in two feeding stores 5 and 6, of the first mechanism 21 (figure 2), which can, if necessary, contain dozens of packs of covers. The clamping and opening mechanisms 11 and 12, forming the second mechanism 22, always alternately clamp a cover 13 and 14 to bring this under the third mechanism 23 and for this figure 5 with the trap door 15, so that the potted plants (not shown) fall in the cover 13 or 14 while the trap door 15 opens, and then lands on the fourth mechanism 24 for further transport to the tray filling machine 4. The clamping and opening mechanisms 11 and 12 of the second mechanism 22 are driven by means of motor M.
Figure 3 shows a view in oblique perspective of partly the second mechanism 22 according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Figure 5 shows the third mechanism 23, consisting of a large feeding conveyor belt 33 with potted plants not shown
with mechanism 34 for spreading the potted plants at an equal distance of each other. At the end of it a detainer bar 35 is located, which drops a plant every time on the faster running belt 36, after which the potted plant lands on the trap door 15 and follows the further described process of packing.
Figure 7 shows the second mechanism 22 completely with the clamping and opening mechanisms 11 and 12 and the formed mutual angle α of approximately 60°. The motional mechanism for the overall construction is indicated with a rod 19 and rotating disc 20. The clamping and opening mechanisms 11 and 12 consist of a pair of pneumatic telescopic cylinder parts 25 and 26 to clamp the cover situated below 13, 14 (not indicated) along the circumference and under the so called third mechanism 23, that is not indicated here.
In figure 3 the opening of the covers 13 and 14 takes place with help of the suction cup instruments 29 and 30, which are also operated pneumatically. The improved apparatus for packaging 3 is supplied with an acoustic hood 31 of approximately 2 mm thick stainless steel with on the inner side an acoustic isotope lining 32 with a thickness of approximately 50 mm.
The acoustic hood 31 is indicated in figure 9. The first up to the fourth mechanisms 21, 22, 23, 24 and the remaining total and mutual alignment are controlled by software, in which the software is built-up according to SFC's (=Sequential Function charts) . The concerning SFC's are shown in figures 4A, 4B, 6 and 8. Finally it has to be emphasized, that the above description constitutes a number of preferred embodiments of the present invention and that further variations and
modifications are possible without departing the scope of this patent description.