EP1446864A2 - Architecture d'alimentation electrique a topologie divisee - Google Patents

Architecture d'alimentation electrique a topologie divisee

Info

Publication number
EP1446864A2
EP1446864A2 EP02767774A EP02767774A EP1446864A2 EP 1446864 A2 EP1446864 A2 EP 1446864A2 EP 02767774 A EP02767774 A EP 02767774A EP 02767774 A EP02767774 A EP 02767774A EP 1446864 A2 EP1446864 A2 EP 1446864A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power supply
supply unit
power
energy
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02767774A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Pieter J. M. Smidt
Robert E. F. Einerhand
Fatmir Ribari
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
Priority to EP02767774A priority Critical patent/EP1446864A2/fr
Publication of EP1446864A2 publication Critical patent/EP1446864A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply system arranged to supply electric power to an apparatus, said system including a power supply unit comprising primary control circuitry arranged to control power flow to the apparatus via a two-lead cable. Furthermore, the invention relates to a power supply unit and an apparatus arranged to supply and receive power respectively.
  • SMPS switch-mode power-supply units
  • electronic equipment such as tools, shavers, portable computers and mobile communication terminals
  • SMPS switch-mode power-supply units
  • vital parts such as a connection to a mains outlet, a control circuit for controlling the electric current output to the equipment connected, a transformer and a connection to the electronic equipment.
  • Such information may, e.g., relate to the charging level of a battery in the equipment or any other parameter, representing a condition in the equipment, which requires a change in, e.g., the level of current supplied by the power-supply unit.
  • This feedback information is usually provided from the equipment to the power-supply unit via electronic circuitry inside the equipment as well as a dedicated information communication lead in the form of a galvanic or non-galvanic connection. Processing of the information fed back from the equipment is taken care of in the control circuitry of the power-supply unit.
  • Drawbacks related to prior art power-supply systems hence include the high complexity of the control circuitry in the power-supply unit as well as the necessity of interrupting the flow of current, and thus reducing the efficiency, when information is to be fed back from the equipment to the power-supply unit.
  • An object of the invention is to overcome the drawbacks related to prior art power supplies as discussed above. This object is achieved in an inventive manner in the appended claims.
  • the invention relates to a power supply system arranged to supply electric power to an apparatus.
  • the system includes a power supply unit comprising primary control circuitry arranged to control the power flow to the apparatus via a two-lead cable.
  • the system further comprises secondary control circuitry located in the apparatus, said secondary control circuitry being arranged to monitor usage of power received from the power supply unit and feedback excess energy to the power supply unit via the two-lead cable.
  • the invention according to the first aspect provides a system describing a bi-directional flyback topology comprising two flyback converters working in opposite directions.
  • Energy packets i.e. current
  • flowing from the power supply unit to the apparatus is converted from a mains input in the power supply unit to a rectified output current fed to the apparatus via the two-lead cable.
  • the secondary control circuit in the apparatus causes excess current to be fed back to the power-supply unit, where the primary control circuitry reacts in order to stabilize the current fed to the apparatus.
  • the primary control circuitry serves to minimize the amount of energy received from the feedback.
  • the excess current in the apparatus is determined by monitoring the voltage across, and current through, the apparatus is load.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that it is particularly advantageous to locate the secondary control circuitry in the apparatus and in fact combine it with circuity already present in the apparatus.
  • a system according to the invention can hence be described in terms of a split topology system. Unnecessary duplication of control circuitry related to supply of power from a power-supply unit is avoided, thereby reducing the complexity and cost of the manufacturing process.
  • Another advantage is that the feedback from the apparatus to the power-supply is simplified since a third information lead, e.g. an optocoupler, can be avoided.
  • a third information lead e.g. an optocoupler
  • the secondary control circuitry comprises a switch connected in series with the two-lead connection.
  • the switch is controlled to open and close in dependence upon the measured values of voltage and current in the apparatus.
  • use is preferably made of a reverse-biased field effect transistor, i.e. utilized by applying a reverse bias voltage across the body diode of the transistor.
  • a power supply unit which is arranged to supply electric power to an apparatus.
  • the power supply unit comprises primary control circuitry arranged to control the power flow to the apparatus via a two-lead cable, receive feedback current via the two-lead cable from the apparatus and control the power flow to the apparatus in response to the feedback current.
  • an apparatus which is arranged to receive power from a power supply via a two-lead cable.
  • the apparatus comprises secondary control circuitry, which is arranged to monitor usage of power received from the power supply unit and feedback excess energy to the power supply unit via the two- lead cable.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows a block diagram of a system, a power supply unit and an apparatus according to the invention.
  • the system 100 includes a primary side comprising a power supply unit 101 and a secondary side comprising an apparatus 102 connected to the power supply unit 101 via a two-lead cable 116.
  • the power supply unit 101 comprises a primary control circuit 103, a transformer 106 as well as a mains connection 119 and a fuse 107.
  • the primary control circuit 103 includes a rectifier 108, capacitors 109,111 and an EMI filter 110.
  • the primary control circuit 103 includes a primary switch 113 controlled by a primary control unit 112 via a control lead 117.
  • the apparatus 102 comprises electric circuitry 104 and a secondary control circuit 120.
  • the apparatus 111 may be any kind of apparatus needing a separate power supply unit, such as an electric shaver, a mobile telephone or a portable computer, and hence includes a rechargeable battery and other circuitry for performing the specific function of the apparatus.
  • the secondary control circuit 120 includes a secondary control unit 105, a secondary switch 115 controlled by the secondary control unit 105 via a secondary control lead 118.
  • the secondary control unit 105 is capable of measuring, via a sensing lead 114, the electric conditions within the electric circuitry 104 of the apparatus 102 and control the secondary switch 115 in dependence on the measured conditions in the circuitry 104. For example, by measuring a voltage and current in the electric circuitry 104, the excess of energy circulating in the circuitry 104 is determined.
  • the secondary control unit 105 controlling the secondary switch 115 will cause said switch to be closed, i.e. switched on, resulting in transfer of more energy back to the power supply unit 101.
  • the interworking of the circuitry of the power supply unit 101 and the apparatus 102 will now be described in more detail.
  • a rectified DC voltage is available at an input of the transformer 106.
  • the primary switch 113 which is controlled by the primary control circuit 112, transfers energy packages from the primary to the secondary side, i.e. from the power supply 101 to the apparatus 102, through the transformer 106 and the two lead cable 116.
  • the secondary control unit 105 controls the secondary switch 115.
  • the secondary switch 115 is a field effect transistor, e.g. MOSFET, which has two functions. First, when the switch 115 is switched ON, i.e. when its body diode is forward biased (minimum voltage across the switch), the switch 115 acts as a synchronous rectifier resulting in a high rectification efficiency.
  • any excess energy circulating on the secondary side i.e. in the circuitry 104 of the apparatus 102, will be returned to the power supply 101.
  • the secondary side sends back, through the transformer 106, excess energy received from the primary side.
  • the output voltage or current of the power supply unit 101 is thus stabilized and the losses in the system are minimized.
  • the operation of primary control unit 112 and secondary control unit 105 will now be explained.
  • the primary control circuit 112 closes the primary switch 113 and a linearly increasing current flows in the primary winding of transformer 106, storing energy in its magnetic core. Sensing and controlling is performed by the secondary control unit 105 and at a peak current level, the primary switch 113 is turned off and current is transferred into the secondary winding of transformer 106 by the flyback action.
  • the secondary switch 115 includes a parallel-connected internal body diode (not shown), which is connected with polarity, as for a conventional flyback converter, so as to become conductive when the primary switch 113 is turned off.
  • the secondary switch 115 By measuring the voltage across the secondary switch 115, it is possible to detect when its body diode is conducting current into the secondary side circuitry 104. Under this condition, the secondary switch 115 is immediately turned on. As a result, current is transferred from the body diode to the MOSFET, which is selected so as to have a voltage drop substantially lower than the body diode. In this way a reduction in the conduction losses of the secondary rectifier can be obtained.
  • the primary switch 113 When the primary switch 113 is turned off, i.e. opened, a linearly decreasing current flows through the secondary switch 115, the current resulting from energy stored in the magnetic core of transformer 106 and being delivered to a reservoir capacitor in the secondary side circuitry 104 at a substantially constant voltage.
  • the transformer 106 has magnetizing inductance and inter-winding capacitance. Energy stored in the magnetizing inductance resonates with the inter-winding capacitance and generates a sinusoidal voltage on the transformer windings. The amplitude of this voltage is a measure of how much energy is returned from the apparatus 102 to the power supply 101.
  • the amplitude of the sinusoidal voltage is measured, by means of the primary control unit 112, and used inversely to control the peak primary current level at which the primary switch 113 is turned off, so that the power flow through the system ceases.
  • the secondary control circuit 105 controls current and/or voltage delivered to the circuitry 104 of the apparatus 102 by taking only the exact amount of energy needed and returning excess energy to the power supply unit 101.
  • the primary control circuit 112 regulates, to a small fixed level, the amount of energy that the circuitry in the apparatus 102 must return.
  • a power-supply system describing a bidirectional flyback topology comprises two flyback converters working in opposite directions.
  • Current flowing from a power supply unit (101) to an apparatus (102) is converted from a mains input (119) in the power supply unit to a rectified output current fed to the apparatus via a two-lead cable (116).
  • a secondary control circuit (120) located in the apparatus, comprising a secondary switch (115) causes excess current to be fed back to the power-supply unit where primary control circuitry (103) reacts to stabilize the current fed to the apparatus.
  • the primary control circuitry serves to minimize the amount of energy received from the feedback.
  • the excess current in the apparatus is determined by monitoring the voltage and the current in the apparatus is load. If the measured parameters are too high transfer of more energy back to the power-supply unit will be performed.

Abstract

Système d'alimentation électrique présentant une topologie à transfert indirect bidirectionnelle et comprenant deux convertisseurs à transfert indirect fonctionnant dans des directions opposées. Le courant circulant d'un module d'alimentation (101) à un appareil (102) est converti depuis une entrée de secteur (119) du module d'alimentation en un courant de sortie redressé envoyé à l'appareil par l'intermédiaire d'un câble à deux dérivations (116). Dans la direction opposée, un circuit de commande secondaire (120), placé dans l'appareil et comprenant un commutateur secondaire (115), provoque le renvoi de courant excédentaire au module d'alimentation, le circuit de commande primaire (103) réagissant de façon à stabiliser le courant envoyé à l'appareil. Le circuit de commande primaire sert à minimiser la quantité d'énergie reçue par le circuit résonnant. On détermine l'excédent de courant dans l'appareil en surveillant la tension et le courant dans l'appareil. Si les paramètres mesurés sont trop élevés, le retour de l'énergie excédentaire au module d'alimentation sera effectué.
EP02767774A 2001-09-26 2002-09-06 Architecture d'alimentation electrique a topologie divisee Withdrawn EP1446864A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02767774A EP1446864A2 (fr) 2001-09-26 2002-09-06 Architecture d'alimentation electrique a topologie divisee

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01203675 2001-09-26
EP01203675 2001-09-26
PCT/IB2002/003722 WO2003028197A2 (fr) 2001-09-26 2002-09-06 Architecture d'alimentation electrique a topologie divisee
EP02767774A EP1446864A2 (fr) 2001-09-26 2002-09-06 Architecture d'alimentation electrique a topologie divisee

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1446864A2 true EP1446864A2 (fr) 2004-08-18

Family

ID=8180979

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02767774A Withdrawn EP1446864A2 (fr) 2001-09-26 2002-09-06 Architecture d'alimentation electrique a topologie divisee

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US6757182B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1446864A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005504500A (fr)
WO (1) WO2003028197A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7515442B2 (en) * 2005-05-27 2009-04-07 Semiconductor Components Industries, L.L.C. Secondary side controller and method therefor
EP1916761A1 (fr) * 2006-10-26 2008-04-30 Salcomp Oyj Procédé et circuit pour le contrôle d'une alimentation à découpage
JP4655119B2 (ja) * 2008-07-28 2011-03-23 株式会社デンソー 電力変換回路、及び多相回転機の制御装置
US8947041B2 (en) * 2008-09-02 2015-02-03 Qualcomm Incorporated Bidirectional wireless power transmission
US8532724B2 (en) 2008-09-17 2013-09-10 Qualcomm Incorporated Transmitters for wireless power transmission
CN104811031B (zh) * 2014-09-11 2017-07-18 杭州硅星科技有限公司 一种电源管理系统及其能量回收单元
EP3300864B1 (fr) * 2016-09-28 2021-12-15 Braun GmbH Rasoir électrique

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3986097A (en) * 1975-06-30 1976-10-12 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Bilateral direct current converters
US4600984A (en) * 1984-03-02 1986-07-15 Itzchak Cohen Two quadrant power modulator
AT388064B (de) * 1987-11-12 1989-04-25 Siemens Ag Oesterreich Vorrichtung zur wandlung von gleichstrom
AT399432B (de) * 1991-09-05 1995-05-26 Siemens Ag Oesterreich Sperrwandler
US5568016A (en) * 1994-10-18 1996-10-22 Norand Corporation Power supply for an electroluminescent panel or the like
FR2729516B1 (fr) * 1995-01-13 1997-04-18 Sextant Avionique Convertisseurs de tension bidirectionnels de type continu-continu et capteur de courant
EP0846362B1 (fr) * 1996-06-21 2003-09-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Systeme d'alimentation electrique pour appareil pourvu de batteries rechargeable
DE19828038A1 (de) * 1998-06-24 1999-12-30 Philips Corp Intellectual Pty Schaltnetzteil
US6069804A (en) * 1998-07-28 2000-05-30 Condor D.C. Power Supplies, Inc. Bi-directional dc-to-dc power converter
AU2002231254A1 (en) * 2000-11-11 2002-05-21 Nmb (Usa), Inc. Power converter

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO03028197A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003028197A3 (fr) 2004-06-10
US6757182B2 (en) 2004-06-29
US20030058661A1 (en) 2003-03-27
WO2003028197A2 (fr) 2003-04-03
JP2005504500A (ja) 2005-02-10

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