EP1446323A1 - Remote-controlled flying craft, in particular for aerial photography - Google Patents

Remote-controlled flying craft, in particular for aerial photography

Info

Publication number
EP1446323A1
EP1446323A1 EP02793233A EP02793233A EP1446323A1 EP 1446323 A1 EP1446323 A1 EP 1446323A1 EP 02793233 A EP02793233 A EP 02793233A EP 02793233 A EP02793233 A EP 02793233A EP 1446323 A1 EP1446323 A1 EP 1446323A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nacelle
flying machine
remote
machine according
central beam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02793233A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabrice Fasquel
Simon Igoulem
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SARL Vision du Ciel
Original Assignee
SARL Vision du Ciel
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SARL Vision du Ciel filed Critical SARL Vision du Ciel
Publication of EP1446323A1 publication Critical patent/EP1446323A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D47/00—Equipment not otherwise provided for
    • B64D47/08—Arrangements of cameras
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H27/00—Toy aircraft; Other flying toys
    • A63H27/02—Model aircraft

Definitions

  • Remote-controlled flying machine in particular for aerial photography.
  • the invention relates to a remote-controlled flying machine, in particular used for aerial photography.
  • the invention therefore aims to propose a particular structure of a flying machine which allows its easy implementation, and its recovery at the end of its mission.
  • a remotely controlled flying machine comprises a nacelle detachably fixed to a lifting part, the nacelle comprising an elongated part which receives a propulsion member driving a propeller mounted propellant and which extends from an organ of attachment to the lift part up to a lower part protruding towards the front.
  • the prominent part forms a grip zone for manual catching in flight of the flying machine.
  • the propeller being propelled, it does not constitute a danger for the one who carries out the take-up, even if the propulsion unit could not have been stopped.
  • the prominent part forms a privileged contact zone with the ground. This contact causes the machine to tilt around the protruding part, which moves the propeller away from the ground and thus helps protect it. It is therefore possible, if desired, to bring the flying object to the ground voluntarily, without causing any damage to the object, if it is not possible to catch it in flight.
  • the nacelle has arms which extend laterally on either side of the nacelle.
  • the arms prevent contact of the propeller with the ground in the event of a lateral tilting of the flying object during contact with the ground.
  • the propulsion member is an electric motor powered by an accumulator disposed in the lower part of the nacelle.
  • the electric motor is quiet enough to allow the flight of the machine in urban areas without creating significant noise. In addition, it can be stopped in flight when shooting in order to avoid that the vibrations generated by the engine and the propeller affect the sharpness of the image, and can be restarted very easily after the shooting.
  • the lower part of the nacelle includes a housing for a camera.
  • the lift part comprises a Delta-shaped blade, which has a frame comprising a central beam and two leading edges forming a point.
  • the airfoil extends from the central beam on either side of it towards the leading edges, the fastening member of the nacelle being connected to the central beam.
  • the lifting part is simple and can easily be disassembled for transport.
  • the leading edges are ball joints on the central beam.
  • the leading edges of the central beam by bringing one of the leading edges of the central beam and / or allowing one away from the other leading edge of the central beam, it causes a warping of the wing which allows to direct the flying machine.
  • the lifting part advantageously comprises a elevator which makes it possible to control the attitude of the flying machine.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a flying object according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the nacelle of the flying object according to the invention, for viewing the location of the various organs of the flying object.
  • front and rear, lateral, vertical, up, down, used throughout this document relate to the flight direction of the flying object, the latter being considered in an attitude of straight line flight without roll.
  • a flying object according to the invention comprises a lift part 1 and a nacelle 100 which is detachably attached to the lift part 1.
  • the lift part 1 comprises an armature comprising a central beam 2 and two leading edges 3 connected to the central beam 2 so as to form a point 4.
  • a wing 5 extends on either side of the central beam 2 to the leading edges 3 to form a Delta canopy.
  • the connection between each leading edge 3 and the central beam 2 is not rigid, but admits a certain swiveling.
  • Each of the leading edges 3 comprises a hooking point 6 for a stay 7 and a hanger 8.
  • Each of the stay 7 is also attached to the end of an arm 114 extending laterally from the nacelle 100, while that each of the lines 8 is connected to the nacelle 100, as will be detailed below.
  • the shrouds 7 are here advantageously constituted by tubular rods articulated at their two ends.
  • leading edges 3 can be articulated on the central beam 2 by means of hinges having a substantially vertical axis, in which case the shrouds 7 become unnecessary, the single action of the lines 8 sufficient to ensure the balance of the edges d attack 3 around the axis of their respective hinges.
  • a tension on one of the lines 8 simultaneously with a relaxation of the other line 8 causes warping of the airfoil 5 allowing the turn of the flying machine towards the side of the taut line.
  • the wing area of the airfoil 5 is preferably chosen to be large enough to allow a speed of slow flight, which makes shooting easier.
  • the fact that the lift portion 1 is detachable from the nacelle 100 facilitates the transport of the flying machine, even though the wing surface of the airfoil 5 is important.
  • a elevator 9 is articulated on the central beam 2 at the opposite end of the tip 4.
  • a reference 10 secured to the elevator 9 receives a rod 11 with articulation.
  • a pull on the rod 11 forces the flying object to take a stung attitude, while a push on the rod 11 forces the flying object to take a nose up attitude.
  • the nacelle 100 comprises a body composed of an elongated part 101 extending from a hooking member 102 to the lift part 1 up to a lower part 103.
  • the attachment member 102 is shaped as a gutter capable of receiving the central beam 2 of the lifting part 1.
  • the central beam 2 is simply pinned onto the nacelle 100 by two bolts 107 acting as a fuse in the event of a crash.
  • the lift part 1 is therefore easily detachable from the nacelle 100.
  • the connection thus produced between the central beam 2 of the lift part 1 and the nacelle 100 is rigid.
  • the nacelle 100 is therefore suspended under the lift part 1.
  • the elongated part 101 comprises a spindle 104 receiving an electric motor 105 which drives a propeller 106 propelled (that is to say mounted at the rear of the nacelle 100).
  • the electric motor 105 is powered by an accumulator 108 disposed in the lower part 103 of the nacelle 100, via a speed variator 109 controlled by a receiver 110 which communicates with a transmitter not shown, manipulated by the pilot of the flying machine.
  • the nacelle includes a 111 servomotor commanding the warping of the airfoil 5 and a servomotor 112 controlling the depth 9.
  • the servomotor 111 actuates a lever not shown at the end of which the two lines 8 are connected (detachably to allow separation between the lifting part 1 and the nacelle 1), so that a rotation of the lever causes the tension of one of the lines and the loosening of the other.
  • the servomotor 112 actuates a lever not shown at the end of which is articulated (detachably) the rod 11, so that the lever forms with the rod 11 and the return 10 a deformable parallelogram.
  • one or both of the servomotors can be arranged directly on the lift part 1.
  • An electrical connection must then be provided between the nacelle 100 and the lift part 1, in order to allow the electrical connection between the remote servomotors on the lifting part and the receiver 110.
  • the lower part 103 of the nacelle 100 extends away from the fixing member 102 beyond the disc swept by the propeller 106, and is protruding forward so as to present an apex 113 which forms a privileged point of contact with the ground in the event of a crash.
  • the flying machine then tilts forward around the apex 113 until the point 4 of the lift part itself comes into contact with the ground.
  • the parts in contact with the ground are thus minimized, and the consequences of a crash are reduced.
  • the arms 114 which extend laterally from the nacelle 100 moreover prevent direct contact of the blades of the propeller 106 with the ground in the event of lateral tilting.
  • the shape of the nacelle 100 therefore offers total protection of the propeller 106 against contact with floor.
  • the apex 113 also forms a grip zone for manual catching up in flight of the flying machine.
  • the propeller 106 being propelled, it does not constitute a danger for the one who catches the flying machine in flight, if ever the electric motor 105 could not, for some reason, be stopped. Catching up is further facilitated by the fact that during the approach phase, the flying machine can be forced to a low flight speed.
  • the nacelle carries a camera (for example a camera) either in a removable removable box 115 located in the lower part 103 of the nacelle 100 for shots along a vertical axis, or, as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 2, at the end of a support 116 fixed on the elongated part 101 of the nacelle 100, for taking pictures along an oblique axis.
  • the shooting can be controlled electrically, or mechanically by means of a dedicated servomotor which is arranged to push on the shutter release button.
  • the camera can be powered by the accumulator 108, or have an autonomous power supply.
  • the flying object is preferably arranged to carry a digital camera (not shown) associated with a transmitter in real time, so that the pilot can appreciate the position of the flying object relative to the objective and the effect of his commands on the flight of the craft.
  • the digital camera has an optical axis which is parallel to the optical axis of the camera.
  • the center of gravity of the nacelle 100 is distant from the fixing member 102 because the heavy members (accumulator 108, electric motor 105) are located in the lower part 103 or close to it.
  • This downward offset from the center of gravity causes the creation of a torque tending to recall the flying machine towards a stable flight attitude (defined by the position of the levers of the servomotors 111 and 112) each time it is removed from it, for example by the effect of the atmospheric turbulence.
  • the restoring torque is all the stronger the greater the offset of the center of gravity, all other things being equal. It will therefore be beneficial to concentrate the heavy parts at the lower end of the nacelle 100.
  • the large wing area of the lift part 1 associated with its great stability gives the flying machine appreciable gliding performance which makes it possible to stop the electric motor 105 when taking pictures, to prevent the vibrations generated by the 105 electric motor and 106 propeller do not affect the sharpness of the shots.
  • lift part has been illustrated here as being of the Delta wing type with movable leading edges, any other type of lift part is envisaged within the framework of the invention, such as for example a lift part comprising a cantilever wing associated with a tail and a fin.
  • the propulsion unit has been described here as an electric motor, the invention also covers the use of a heat engine.
  • the payload is here a camera, it is obvious that this load can also be constituted by other types of sensors (such as thermal, infrared or radar sensors), without going out of the scope of the invention.
  • the shape of the nacelle is adapted to its manual take-up, it will be possible, within the framework of the invention, to equip the nacelle with a landing gear.

Abstract

The invention concerns a remote-controlled flying craft, used in particular for aerial photography, comprising a nacelle (100) removably fixed to a levitating portion (1), the nacelle (100) including an elongated portion (101) which receives a propelling member (105) driving a propeller (106) mounted propelling and which extends from a fixing member (102) at the levitating part (1) to a forward protruding lower portion (103).

Description

Engin volant télécommandé, notamment pour prise de vues aériennes. Remote-controlled flying machine, in particular for aerial photography.
L'invention concerne un engin volant télécommandé, notamment utilisé pour la prise de vues aériennes.The invention relates to a remote-controlled flying machine, in particular used for aerial photography.
Il s'agit ici d'engins volants de petite taille adaptés à la prise de vues à basse vitesse et basse altitude. Ce type d'engin doit pouvoir être mis en œuvre facilement par le pilote de l'engin. Or il n'existe pas forcément d' aire d' atterrissage disponible à proximité de l'objectif à photographier, notamment en milieu urbain.These are small flying machines suitable for taking pictures at low speed and low altitude. This type of machine must be able to be easily implemented by the pilot of the machine. However, there is not necessarily a landing area available near the objective to be photographed, especially in urban areas.
L' invention vise donc à proposer une structure particulière d'engin volant qui permette sa mise en œuvre aisée, et son rattrapage à la fin de sa mission.The invention therefore aims to propose a particular structure of a flying machine which allows its easy implementation, and its recovery at the end of its mission.
A cet effet, un engin volant télécommandé selon l'invention comprend une nacelle fixée de façon détachable à une partie de sustentation, la nacelle comportant une partie allongée qui reçoit un organe de propulsion entraînant une hélice montée propulsive et qui s'étend depuis un organe de fixation à la partie de sustentation jusqu'à une partie basse proéminente vers l'avant.To this end, a remotely controlled flying machine according to the invention comprises a nacelle detachably fixed to a lifting part, the nacelle comprising an elongated part which receives a propulsion member driving a propeller mounted propellant and which extends from an organ of attachment to the lift part up to a lower part protruding towards the front.
La partie proéminente forme une zone de préhension pour le rattrapage manuel en vol de l'engin volant. L'hélice étant montée propulsive, elle ne constitue pas un danger pour celui qui réalise le rattrapage, quand bien même l'organe de propulsion n'aurait pu être arrêté.The prominent part forms a grip zone for manual catching in flight of the flying machine. The propeller being propelled, it does not constitute a danger for the one who carries out the take-up, even if the propulsion unit could not have been stopped.
Par ailleurs, la partie proéminente forme une zone de contact privilégiée avec le sol. Ce contact provoque le basculement de l'engin autour de la partie proéminente, ce qui éloigne l'hélice du sol et permet ainsi de la protéger. On peut donc éventuellement faire venir volontairement l'engin volant au sol, sans que l'engin ne subisse de dégâts, s'il n'est pas possible de rattraper celui-ci en vol.Furthermore, the prominent part forms a privileged contact zone with the ground. This contact causes the machine to tilt around the protruding part, which moves the propeller away from the ground and thus helps protect it. It is therefore possible, if desired, to bring the flying object to the ground voluntarily, without causing any damage to the object, if it is not possible to catch it in flight.
Enfin, le fait que la partie de sustentation soit détachable de la nacelle permet la liaison de ces deux éléments à l'aide de pièces fusibles, qui peuvent rompre en cas d'impact trop violent, ce qui permet de protéger les deux éléments.Finally, the fact that the lift portion is detachable from the nacelle allows the connection of these two elements using fusible parts, which can break in the event of too violent impact, which protects the two elements.
De préférence, la nacelle comporte des bras qui s'étendent latéralement de part et d'autre de la nacelle.Preferably, the nacelle has arms which extend laterally on either side of the nacelle.
Les bras empêchent le contact de l'hélice avec le sol en cas de basculement latéral de l'engin volant lors d'un contact avec le sol.The arms prevent contact of the propeller with the ground in the event of a lateral tilting of the flying object during contact with the ground.
Selon un aspect particulier de l'invention, l'organe de propulsion est un moteur électrique alimenté par un accumulateur disposé dans la partie basse de la nacelle.According to a particular aspect of the invention, the propulsion member is an electric motor powered by an accumulator disposed in the lower part of the nacelle.
Le moteur électrique est assez silencieux pour autoriser le vol de l'engin dans des zones urbaines sans créer de nuisance sonore importante. Par ailleurs, il peut être arrêté en vol lors de la prise de vue en vue d' éviter que les vibrations générées par le moteur et l'hélice n'affectent la netteté de l'image, et peut être remis en route très facilement après la prise de vue.The electric motor is quiet enough to allow the flight of the machine in urban areas without creating significant noise. In addition, it can be stopped in flight when shooting in order to avoid that the vibrations generated by the engine and the propeller affect the sharpness of the image, and can be restarted very easily after the shooting.
Le fait que l'accumulateur se trouve en partie basse de la nacelle déporte le centre de gravité de l'engin volant vers l'extrémité de la nacelle éloignée de la partie de sustentation. Lorsqu'une oscillation de roulis ou de tangage est imprimée à l'engin volant du fait de la turbulence atmosphérique, la gravité agissant sur la nacelle engendre naturellement un couple de rappel qui a tendance à amortir lesdites oscillations. Ce déport augmente donc la stabilité de l'engin volant, ce qui est particulièrement avantageux pour un engin destiné à la prise de vues.The fact that the accumulator is in the lower part of the nacelle displaces the center of gravity of the flying machine towards the end of the nacelle distant from the lifting part. When a rolling or pitching oscillation is imparted to the flying machine due to atmospheric turbulence, gravity acting on the nacelle naturally generates a restoring torque which tends to dampen said oscillations. This offset therefore increases the stability of the flying machine, which is particularly advantageous for a machine intended for taking pictures.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la partie basse de la nacelle comporte un logement pour un organe de prise de vues.According to a particular embodiment, the lower part of the nacelle includes a housing for a camera.
Ainsi, on profite de la présence de la partie basse pour transformer celle-ci en une baie de transport de charge utile. Cette disposition est particulièrement avantageuse pour la prise de vues selon un axe vertical. La partie de sustentation comporte une voilure de forme Delta, qui a une armature comprenant une poutre centrale et deux bords d'attaque formant une pointe. La voilure s'étend depuis la poutre centrale de part et d'autre de celle-ci vers les bords d'attaque, l'organe de fixation de la nacelle étant relié à la poutre centrale.Thus, we take advantage of the presence of the lower part to transform it into a payload transport bay. This arrangement is particularly advantageous for taking pictures along a vertical axis. The lift part comprises a Delta-shaped blade, which has a frame comprising a central beam and two leading edges forming a point. The airfoil extends from the central beam on either side of it towards the leading edges, the fastening member of the nacelle being connected to the central beam.
La partie de sustentation est simple et peut facilement être démontée pour être transportée.The lifting part is simple and can easily be disassembled for transport.
De préférence, les bords d'attaque sont rotules sur la poutre centrale. Ainsi, en rapprochant l'un des bords d'attaque de la poutre centrale et/ou en permettant 1' éloignement de l'autre bord d'attaque de la poutre centrale, on provoque un gauchissement de la voilure qui permet de diriger l'engin volant.Preferably, the leading edges are ball joints on the central beam. Thus, by bringing one of the leading edges of the central beam and / or allowing one away from the other leading edge of the central beam, it causes a warping of the wing which allows to direct the flying machine.
La partie de sustentation comporte avantageusement une gouverne de profondeur qui permet de contrôler l'attitude de l'engin volant.The lifting part advantageously comprises a elevator which makes it possible to control the attitude of the flying machine.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui suit d'un mode de réalisation particulier non limitatif de l'invention en référence aux figures parmi lesquelles :Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly in the light of the following description of a particular non-limiting embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures among which:
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d' un engin volant selon l'invention ;- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a flying object according to the invention;
- la figure 2 est une vue de côté schématique de la nacelle de l'engin volant selon l'invention, permettant de visualiser l'implantation des différents organes de l'engin volant.- Figure 2 is a schematic side view of the nacelle of the flying object according to the invention, for viewing the location of the various organs of the flying object.
Afin de faciliter la compréhension de la description, les termes avant et arrière, latéral, vertical, haut, bas, utilisés dans tout ce document sont relatifs à la direction de vol de l'engin volant, celui-ci étant considéré dans une attitude de vol en ligne droite sans roulis .In order to facilitate understanding of the description, the terms front and rear, lateral, vertical, up, down, used throughout this document relate to the flight direction of the flying object, the latter being considered in an attitude of straight line flight without roll.
En référence aux figures, un engin volant selon l'invention comporte une partie de sustentation 1 et une nacelle 100 qui est rapportée de façon détachable sur la partie de sustentation 1.With reference to the figures, a flying object according to the invention comprises a lift part 1 and a nacelle 100 which is detachably attached to the lift part 1.
La partie de sustentation 1 comprend une armature comportant une poutre centrale 2 et deux bords d'attaque 3 reliés à la poutre centrale 2 de façon à former une pointe 4. Une voilure 5 s'étend de part et d'autre de la poutre centrale 2 jusqu'aux bords d'attaque 3 pour former une voilure en Delta. La liaison entre chaque bord d'attaque 3 et la poutre centrale 2 n'est pas rigide, mais admet un certain rotulage.The lift part 1 comprises an armature comprising a central beam 2 and two leading edges 3 connected to the central beam 2 so as to form a point 4. A wing 5 extends on either side of the central beam 2 to the leading edges 3 to form a Delta canopy. The connection between each leading edge 3 and the central beam 2 is not rigid, but admits a certain swiveling.
Chacun des bords d'attaque 3 comporte un point d'accrochage 6 pour un hauban 7 et une suspente 8. Chacun des haubans 7 est par ailleurs attaché à l'extrémité d'un bras 114 s' étendant latéralement de la nacelle 100, tandis que chacune des suspentes 8 est reliée à la nacelle 100, comme cela sera détaillé plus loin.Each of the leading edges 3 comprises a hooking point 6 for a stay 7 and a hanger 8. Each of the stay 7 is also attached to the end of an arm 114 extending laterally from the nacelle 100, while that each of the lines 8 is connected to the nacelle 100, as will be detailed below.
Chacun des bords d'attaque 3 est ainsi en équilibre entre l'effort aérodynamique subi par la voilure 5, la traction du hauban 7 et la traction de la suspente 8 associée. Les haubans 7 sont ici avantageusement constitués par des tiges tubulaires articulées à leurs deux extrémités .Each of the leading edges 3 is thus in balance between the aerodynamic force undergone by the airfoil 5, the traction of the shroud 7 and the traction of the associated hanger 8. The shrouds 7 are here advantageously constituted by tubular rods articulated at their two ends.
En variante, les bords d'attaque 3 peuvent être articulés sur la poutre centrale 2 au moyen de charnières ayant un axe sensiblement vertical, auquel cas les haubans 7 deviennent inutiles, la seule action des suspentes 8 suffisant à assurer l'équilibre des bords d'attaque 3 autour de l'axe de leurs charnières respectives.As a variant, the leading edges 3 can be articulated on the central beam 2 by means of hinges having a substantially vertical axis, in which case the shrouds 7 become unnecessary, the single action of the lines 8 sufficient to ensure the balance of the edges d attack 3 around the axis of their respective hinges.
Une tension sur l'une des suspentes 8 simultanément à un relâchement de l'autre suspente 8 provoque un gauchissement de la voilure 5 permettant le virage de l'engin volant vers le côté de la suspente tendue.A tension on one of the lines 8 simultaneously with a relaxation of the other line 8 causes warping of the airfoil 5 allowing the turn of the flying machine towards the side of the taut line.
La surface alaire de la voilure 5 est de préférence choisie assez grande pour permettre une vitesse de vol lente, ce qui facilite la prise de vues. Le fait que la partie de sustentation 1 soit détachable de la nacelle 100 facilite le transport de l'engin volant, quand bien même la surface alaire de la voilure 5 est importante.The wing area of the airfoil 5 is preferably chosen to be large enough to allow a speed of slow flight, which makes shooting easier. The fact that the lift portion 1 is detachable from the nacelle 100 facilitates the transport of the flying machine, even though the wing surface of the airfoil 5 is important.
Une gouverne de profondeur 9 est articulée sur la poutre centrale 2 à l'extrémité opposée de la pointe 4. Un renvoi 10 solidaire de la gouverne de profondeur 9 reçoit une tringle 11 à articulation. Une traction sur la tringle 11 force l'engin volant à prendre une attitude piquée, tandis qu'une poussée sur la tringle 11 force l'engin volant à prendre une attitude cabrée.A elevator 9 is articulated on the central beam 2 at the opposite end of the tip 4. A reference 10 secured to the elevator 9 receives a rod 11 with articulation. A pull on the rod 11 forces the flying object to take a stung attitude, while a push on the rod 11 forces the flying object to take a nose up attitude.
La nacelle 100 comporte quant à elle un corps composé d'une partie allongée 101 s' étendant depuis un organe d'accrochage 102 à la partie de sustentation 1 jusqu'à une partie basse 103.The nacelle 100 comprises a body composed of an elongated part 101 extending from a hooking member 102 to the lift part 1 up to a lower part 103.
L'organe d'accrochage 102 est conformé en gouttière apte à recevoir la poutre centrale 2 de la partie de sustentation 1. La poutre centrale 2 est simplement brochée sur la nacelle 100 par deux boulons 107 faisant office de fusible en cas de crash. La partie de sustentation 1 est donc facilement détachable de la nacelle 100. La liaison ainsi réalisée entre la poutre centrale 2 de la partie de sustentation 1 et la nacelle 100 est rigide.The attachment member 102 is shaped as a gutter capable of receiving the central beam 2 of the lifting part 1. The central beam 2 is simply pinned onto the nacelle 100 by two bolts 107 acting as a fuse in the event of a crash. The lift part 1 is therefore easily detachable from the nacelle 100. The connection thus produced between the central beam 2 of the lift part 1 and the nacelle 100 is rigid.
En ligne de vol, la nacelle 100 est donc suspendue sous la partie de sustentation 1.In flight line, the nacelle 100 is therefore suspended under the lift part 1.
La partie allongée 101 comporte un fuseau 104 recevant un moteur électrique 105 qui entraîne une hélice 106 montée propulsive (c'est-à-dire montée à l'arrière de la nacelle 100) . Le moteur électrique 105 est alimenté par un accumulateur 108 disposé dans la partie basse 103 de la nacelle 100, via un variateur de vitesse 109 commandé par un récepteur 110 qui communique avec un émetteur non représenté, manipulé par le pilote de l'engin volant .The elongated part 101 comprises a spindle 104 receiving an electric motor 105 which drives a propeller 106 propelled (that is to say mounted at the rear of the nacelle 100). The electric motor 105 is powered by an accumulator 108 disposed in the lower part 103 of the nacelle 100, via a speed variator 109 controlled by a receiver 110 which communicates with a transmitter not shown, manipulated by the pilot of the flying machine.
La nacelle comporte un servomoteur 111 commandant le gauchissement de la voilure 5 et un servomoteur 112 commandant la profondeur 9. De façon connue en soi, le servomoteur 111 actionne un levier non représenté à l'extrémité duquel sont reliées les deux suspentes 8 (de façon détachable pour permettre la séparation entre la partie de sustentation 1 et la nacelle 1), de sorte qu'une rotation du levier provoque la tension d'une des suspentes et le relâchement de l'autre. De même, le servomoteur 112 actionne un levier non représenté à l'extrémité duquel est articulée (de façon détachable) la tringle 11, de sorte que le levier forme avec la tringle 11 et le renvoi 10 un parallélogramme déformable.The nacelle includes a 111 servomotor commanding the warping of the airfoil 5 and a servomotor 112 controlling the depth 9. In a manner known per se, the servomotor 111 actuates a lever not shown at the end of which the two lines 8 are connected (detachably to allow separation between the lifting part 1 and the nacelle 1), so that a rotation of the lever causes the tension of one of the lines and the loosening of the other. Similarly, the servomotor 112 actuates a lever not shown at the end of which is articulated (detachably) the rod 11, so that the lever forms with the rod 11 and the return 10 a deformable parallelogram.
En variante, l'un des servomoteurs, ou les deux, peuvent être disposés directement sur la partie de sustentation 1. Il faut alors prévoir une connexion électrique entre la nacelle 100 et la partie de sustentation 1, afin de permettre la liaison électrique entre les servomoteurs déportés sur la partie de sustentation et le récepteur 110.As a variant, one or both of the servomotors can be arranged directly on the lift part 1. An electrical connection must then be provided between the nacelle 100 and the lift part 1, in order to allow the electrical connection between the remote servomotors on the lifting part and the receiver 110.
La partie basse 103 de la nacelle 100 s'étend en s' éloignant de l'organe de fixation 102 au delà du disque balayé par l'hélice 106, et est proéminente vers l'avant de façon à présenter un apex 113 qui forme un point de contact privilégié avec le sol en cas de crash. Lors d'une telle circonstance, l'engin volant bascule alors vers l'avant autour de l'apex 113 jusqu'à ce que la pointe 4 de la partie de sustentation vienne elle-même en contact avec le sol. Les parties en contact avec le sol sont ainsi minimisées, et les conséquences d'un crash sont réduites. Les bras 114 qui s'étendent latéralement de la nacelle 100 empêchent par ailleurs le contact direct des pales de l'hélice 106 avec le sol en cas de basculement latéral.The lower part 103 of the nacelle 100 extends away from the fixing member 102 beyond the disc swept by the propeller 106, and is protruding forward so as to present an apex 113 which forms a privileged point of contact with the ground in the event of a crash. During such a circumstance, the flying machine then tilts forward around the apex 113 until the point 4 of the lift part itself comes into contact with the ground. The parts in contact with the ground are thus minimized, and the consequences of a crash are reduced. The arms 114 which extend laterally from the nacelle 100 moreover prevent direct contact of the blades of the propeller 106 with the ground in the event of lateral tilting.
La forme de la nacelle 100 offre donc une protection totale de l'hélice 106 vis à vis des contacts avec le sol.The shape of the nacelle 100 therefore offers total protection of the propeller 106 against contact with floor.
L'apex 113 forme également une zone de préhension pour le rattrapage manuel en vol de l'engin volant. L'hélice 106 étant montée propulsive, elle ne constitue pas un danger pour celui qui rattrape l'engin volant en vol, si jamais le moteur électrique 105 n'avait pu, pour une raison quelconque, être arrêté. Le rattrapage est encore facilité par le fait qu'en phase d'approche, l'engin volant peut être astreint à une vitesse de vol faible.The apex 113 also forms a grip zone for manual catching up in flight of the flying machine. The propeller 106 being propelled, it does not constitute a danger for the one who catches the flying machine in flight, if ever the electric motor 105 could not, for some reason, be stopped. Catching up is further facilitated by the fact that during the approach phase, the flying machine can be forced to a low flight speed.
La nacelle emporte un organe de prise de vues (par exemple un appareil photo) soit dans un boîtier amovible 115 dédié situé en partie basse 103 de la nacelle 100 pour des prises de vues selon un axe vertical, soit, comme cela est représenté en pointillés sur la figure 2, au bout d'un support 116 fixé sur la partie allongée 101 de la nacelle 100, pour des prises de vues selon un axe oblique. La prise de vue peut être commandée électriquement, ou mécaniquement par l'intermédiaire d'un servomoteur dédié qui est agencé pour pousser sur le déclencheur de l'organe de prise de vues. L'organe de prise de vues peut être alimenté par l'accumulateur 108, ou disposer d'une alimentation autonome.The nacelle carries a camera (for example a camera) either in a removable removable box 115 located in the lower part 103 of the nacelle 100 for shots along a vertical axis, or, as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 2, at the end of a support 116 fixed on the elongated part 101 of the nacelle 100, for taking pictures along an oblique axis. The shooting can be controlled electrically, or mechanically by means of a dedicated servomotor which is arranged to push on the shutter release button. The camera can be powered by the accumulator 108, or have an autonomous power supply.
L'engin volant est de préférence agencé pour embarquer une caméra numérique (non représentée) associée à un émetteur en temps réel, de sorte que le pilote puisse apprécier la position de l'engin volant par rapport à l'objectif et l'effet de ses commandes sur le vol de l'engin. De préférence, la caméra numérique à un axe optique qui est parallèle à l'axe optique de l'organe de prise de vues.The flying object is preferably arranged to carry a digital camera (not shown) associated with a transmitter in real time, so that the pilot can appreciate the position of the flying object relative to the objective and the effect of his commands on the flight of the craft. Preferably, the digital camera has an optical axis which is parallel to the optical axis of the camera.
Le centre de gravité de la nacelle 100 est éloigné de l'organe de fixation 102 du fait que les organes pesants (accumulateur 108, moteur électrique 105) sont situés dans la partie basse 103 ou à proximité de celle- ci. Ce déport vers le bas du centre de gravité entraîne la création d'un couple tendant à rappeler l'engin volant vers une attitude de vol stable (définie par la position des leviers des servomoteurs 111 et 112) à chaque fois qu'il en est écarté, par exemple par l'effet de la turbulence atmosphérique. Le couple de rappel est d'autant plus fort que le déport du centre de gravité est grand, toutes choses étant égales par ailleurs. On aura donc intérêt à concentrer les parties pesantes à l'extrémité basse de la nacelle 100.The center of gravity of the nacelle 100 is distant from the fixing member 102 because the heavy members (accumulator 108, electric motor 105) are located in the lower part 103 or close to it. This downward offset from the center of gravity causes the creation of a torque tending to recall the flying machine towards a stable flight attitude (defined by the position of the levers of the servomotors 111 and 112) each time it is removed from it, for example by the effect of the atmospheric turbulence. The restoring torque is all the stronger the greater the offset of the center of gravity, all other things being equal. It will therefore be beneficial to concentrate the heavy parts at the lower end of the nacelle 100.
La grande surface alaire de la partie de sustentation 1 associée à sa grande stabilité donne à l'engin volant des performances de plané appréciables qui permettent d'arrêter le moteur électrique 105 lors de la prise de vues, pour éviter que les vibrations générées par le moteur électrique 105 et l'hélice 106 n'influent sur la netteté de la prise de vues.The large wing area of the lift part 1 associated with its great stability gives the flying machine appreciable gliding performance which makes it possible to stop the electric motor 105 when taking pictures, to prevent the vibrations generated by the 105 electric motor and 106 propeller do not affect the sharpness of the shots.
Bien que la partie de sustentation ait été illustrée ici comme étant du type à voilure Delta à bords d'attaque mobiles, tout autre type de partie de sustentation est envisagé dans le cadre de l'invention, comme par exemple une partie de sustentation comprenant une aile cantilever associée à un empennage et une dérive.Although the lift part has been illustrated here as being of the Delta wing type with movable leading edges, any other type of lift part is envisaged within the framework of the invention, such as for example a lift part comprising a cantilever wing associated with a tail and a fin.
Bien que l'organe de propulsion ait été décrit ici comme étant un moteur électrique, l'invention couvre également l'utilisation d'un moteur thermique.Although the propulsion unit has been described here as an electric motor, the invention also covers the use of a heat engine.
Bien que la charge utile soit ici un organe de prise de vues, il est évident que cette charge pourra également être constituée par d'autres types de capteurs (comme par exemple des capteurs thermiques, infrarouges, ou des radars) , sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l' invention.Although the payload is here a camera, it is obvious that this load can also be constituted by other types of sensors (such as thermal, infrared or radar sensors), without going out of the scope of the invention.
Bien que la forme de la nacelle soit adaptée à son rattrapage manuel, on pourra, dans le cadre de l'invention, équiper la nacelle d'un train d' atterrissage. Although the shape of the nacelle is adapted to its manual take-up, it will be possible, within the framework of the invention, to equip the nacelle with a landing gear.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Engin volant télécommandé, notamment pour prise de vues aériennes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une nacelle (100) fixée de façon détachable à une partie de sustentation (1), la nacelle (100) comportant une partie allongée (101) qui reçoit un organe de propulsion (105) entraînant une hélice (106) montée propulsive et qui s'étend depuis un organe de fixation (102) à la partie de sustentation (1) jusqu'à une partie basse (103) proéminente vers l'avant.1. Remote-controlled flying machine, in particular for aerial photography, characterized in that it comprises a nacelle (100) detachably fixed to a lifting part (1), the nacelle (100) comprising an elongated part (101) which receives a propulsion member (105) driving a propeller (106) mounted propellant and which extends from a fastening member (102) to the lift portion (1) to a bottom portion (103) protruding towards the 'before.
2. Engin volant télécommandé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la nacelle (100) comporte des bras (114) qui s'étendent latéralement de part et d'autre de la nacelle (100).2. Remote-controlled flying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the nacelle (100) has arms (114) which extend laterally on either side of the nacelle (100).
3. Engin volant télécommandé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de propulsion (105) est un moteur électrique alimenté par un accumulateur (108) disposé dans la partie basse (103) de la nacelle (100) .3. Remote-controlled flying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the propulsion member (105) is an electric motor powered by an accumulator (108) disposed in the lower part (103) of the nacelle (100).
4. Engin volant télécommandé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie basse (103) de la nacelle (100) comporte un logement (115) pour un organe de prise de vues.4. Remote-controlled flying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part (103) of the nacelle (100) comprises a housing (115) for a camera.
5. Engin volant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie de sustentation (1) comporte une voilure (5) de forme Delta.5. Flying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lift portion (1) comprises a wing (5) of Delta shape.
6. Engin volant selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce la partie de sustentation (1) comporte une armature comprenant une poutre centrale (2) et deux bords d'attaque (3) formant une pointe (4), l'organe de fixation (102) de la nacelle (100) étant relié à la poutre centrale (2) .6. Flying machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the lifting part (1) comprises a frame comprising a central beam (2) and two leading edges (3) forming a point (4), the fixing member (102) of the nacelle (100) being connected to the central beam (2).
7. Engin volant selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les bords d'attaque (3) sont rotules sur la poutre centrale (2).7. Flying machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the leading edges (3) are ball joints on the central beam (2).
8. Engin volant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la partie de sustentation (1) comporte une gouverne de profondeur (9) . 8. Flying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lift portion (1) comprises a elevator (9).
EP02793233A 2001-11-19 2002-11-14 Remote-controlled flying craft, in particular for aerial photography Withdrawn EP1446323A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0114914 2001-11-19
FR0114914A FR2832383B1 (en) 2001-11-19 2001-11-19 REMOTE CONTROLLED FLYING MACHINE, ESPECIALLY FOR AERIAL SHOOTING
PCT/FR2002/003890 WO2003043885A1 (en) 2001-11-19 2002-11-14 Remote-controlled flying craft, in particular for aerial photography

Publications (1)

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EP1446323A1 true EP1446323A1 (en) 2004-08-18

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US (1) US20050014445A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1446323A1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002358893A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2832383B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003043885A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
FR2832383A1 (en) 2003-05-23
WO2003043885A1 (en) 2003-05-30
FR2832383B1 (en) 2004-04-23
US20050014445A1 (en) 2005-01-20
AU2002358893A1 (en) 2003-06-10

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