EP1438502A1 - Structural unit for constructing a tower of a wind turbine - Google Patents

Structural unit for constructing a tower of a wind turbine

Info

Publication number
EP1438502A1
EP1438502A1 EP02785302A EP02785302A EP1438502A1 EP 1438502 A1 EP1438502 A1 EP 1438502A1 EP 02785302 A EP02785302 A EP 02785302A EP 02785302 A EP02785302 A EP 02785302A EP 1438502 A1 EP1438502 A1 EP 1438502A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tower
component according
opening
component
door
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02785302A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jens-Thomas Wernicke
Huub Gierveld
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Publication of EP1438502A1 publication Critical patent/EP1438502A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/913—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure on a mast
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component for producing a tower of a wind power plant with a boundary surface forming part of the outer surface of the tower and having a passage opening for receiving a door.
  • Conventional wind turbines comprise a tower firmly anchored to the ground, a machine nacelle mounted on the top of the tower about a vertical axis of rotation and a rotor attached to the nacelle and having at least one rotor blade, which is rotatable about an essentially horizontal rotor axis.
  • tower heights of 100 m or more and rotor diameters of at least 70 m are achieved.
  • the tower which generally has a diameter of more than three meters, must be accessible from the inside, so that the parts requiring maintenance in the region of the rotor axis can be safely reached without great effort.
  • the base of the tower which is usually made of rolled steel sheets and has a thickness of up to 40 mm, there is generally a door lock
  • FIG. 2a shows a view of the lower part of this tower construction
  • FIG. 2b shows a sectional view taken along the sectional plane A-A.
  • reference number 10 denotes the tower, reference number 20 the through opening and reference number 12 the frame welded into the through opening.
  • the through opening 20 it has been shown that weak points occur in particular in the area of the welded transition between the frame 12 and the adjacent surface of the tower 10.
  • the through opening 20 it has already been proposed to produce the through opening 20 as an oval opening while avoiding sharp corners, as indicated in FIG. 2a.
  • weak points in the area of the transition between the frame 12 and the adjacent lateral surface of the tower cannot be completely eliminated, so that the attachment of additional reinforcing elements and / or an increase in the material thickness of the steel sheets used for forming the lateral surface also occurs this measure is inevitable.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a component of the type described at the outset. provide, which can be manufactured and assembled inexpensively while avoiding intolerable weak points in the tower construction.
  • this problem is solved by a development of the known components, which is essentially characterized in that at least one area of the component having the through opening is at least partially made of a preferably weldable cast material, such as cast steel
  • This invention is based on the knowledge that the weakening of the tower construction observed is primarily due to the welding process in the area of the through opening required for the production of conventional components of the type described at the outset, and this welding process can be avoided if the through opening is used using a Cast part is realized because such cast parts can be prefabricated by suitable choice of the mold so that the subsequent attachment of additional elements can be largely dispensed with.
  • the use of components made entirely of a cast material is intended, which are connected to other components of the tower in the course of a pre-assembly and / or in the course of the final assembly.
  • the component is already designed as a pre-assembled component with at least one steel sheet adjacent to the casting and preferably welded to it.
  • the boundary surface of the component according to the invention expediently essentially has the shape of a circular cylinder surface, or a section thereof.
  • the connection between a cast part and a steel sheet of a component according to the invention designed as a preassembled component is expediently made by a butt seam.
  • a butt seam In view of the wall thickness of more than 10 mm of the steel sheets used for the production of conventional towers of wind power plants, it is usually necessary to obtain a sufficiently strong welded connection that the weld seam is formed in a wedge-shaped cross section formed between the casting and the steel sheet , In a joint of this type, a number of weld beads can be placed in succession, starting from the region of the smallest width, which finally fill the joint completely.
  • the V-shaped chamfer required to form a joint of this type with a wedge-shaped cross section can be integrated into the cast part when the cast part is produced by using suitable components according to the invention.
  • the through opening of components according to the invention also preferably has an essentially oval shape.
  • further functional elements usually have to be provided in the area of the passage opening, such as the door frame for articulated fastening of a door leaf, fastening elements for fire extinguishers or the like, antenna holders, suction and / or exhaust pipes for an emergency power unit equipped with a diesel engine, a receptacle for a banister, an exit or a blow-out opening for the cooling or fresh air supply and / or a door lock.
  • these functional elements are welded to the tower jacket. This creates additional weaknesses in the tower jacket.
  • this problem can be solved in that at least one of the additional functional elements is cast as an integral part of the cast part.
  • Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a component according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows the tower of a wind turbine according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 1 shows a component according to the invention forming a through opening 20 of the type shown in FIG. 2.
  • This component is a cast part made of cast steel and comprises a fastening element 32 for the articulated attachment of a door leaf, a door leaf stop 34 and a total of three fastening elements 36 which can be used as fire extinguisher holders, antenna holders and / or door security devices.
  • the component shown in FIG. 2 has an outer boundary surface in the form of a section of a truncated cone surface. To assemble a tower of a wind turbine, this component is welded to other components formed in the form of rolled steel sheets in order to produce a tower for the wind turbine.
  • the through opening is formed in the size of a conventional door (standard door).
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment explained with reference to the drawing.
  • the use of components is also contemplated in which only a part of the through opening is delimited by the cast part and the rest of the through opening is delimited by a rolled steel sheet.
  • the use of components according to the invention with circular cylindrical jacket-shaped and / or flat boundary surfaces is also contemplated. Further functional elements can also be provided on the casting of the component according to the invention.

Abstract

The invention relates to a structural unit for constructing a tower of a wind turbine. This structural unit comprises a delimitation surface, which forms a portion of the outer surface of the tower and which has a through opening provided for accommodating a door. At least one area of the structural unit containing the through opening is at least partially formed as cast part comprised of a preferably weldable casting material.

Description

BAUELEMENT ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINES TURMS EINER WINDTURBINE COMPONENT FOR PRODUCING A TOWER OF A WIND TURBINE
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Bauelement zur Herstellung eines Turms einer Wndkraftanlage mit einer einen Teil der Außenfläche des Turms bildenden und eine zur Aufnahme einer Tür dienende Durchgangsöffnung aufweisenden Begrenzungsfläche.The invention relates to a component for producing a tower of a wind power plant with a boundary surface forming part of the outer surface of the tower and having a passage opening for receiving a door.
Herkömmliche Windkraftanlagen umfassen einen fest auf dem Boden verankerten Turm, eine an der Spitze des Turms um eine vertikale Drehachse drehbar darauf gelagerte Maschinengondel sowie einen um eine im wesentlichen horizontale Rotorachse drehbar an der Gondel angebrachten und mindestens ein Rotorblatt aufweisenden Rotor.Conventional wind turbines comprise a tower firmly anchored to the ground, a machine nacelle mounted on the top of the tower about a vertical axis of rotation and a rotor attached to the nacelle and having at least one rotor blade, which is rotatable about an essentially horizontal rotor axis.
Bei modernen Windkraftanlagen mit einer Nennleistung von mehr als einem Megawatt werden Turmhöhen von 100 m oder mehr und Rotordurchmesser von mindestens 70 m erreicht. Zur Wartung derartiger Anlagen muß der im allgemeinen einen Durchmesser von mehr als drei Metern aufweisende Turm von innen begehbar sein, damit die wartungsbedürftigen Teile im Bereich der Rotorachse ohne größeren Aufwand gefahrlos erreicht werden können. Dazu ist am Fuß des üblicherweise aus gewalzten Stahlblechen mit einer Dicke von bis zu 40 mm bestehenden Turms im allgemeinen eine mit einer Tür verschließbareIn modern wind turbines with a nominal output of more than one megawatt, tower heights of 100 m or more and rotor diameters of at least 70 m are achieved. For the maintenance of such systems, the tower, which generally has a diameter of more than three meters, must be accessible from the inside, so that the parts requiring maintenance in the region of the rotor axis can be safely reached without great effort. For this purpose, at the base of the tower, which is usually made of rolled steel sheets and has a thickness of up to 40 mm, there is generally a door lock
Durchgangsöffnung vorgesehen. Zur Bildung dieser Durchgangsöffnung wird ein entspre- chendes Loch in den Stahlmantel des Turms geschnitten und eine zur Aufnahme der Tür dienende Türzarge in dieses Loch eingeschweißt.Through opening provided. To form this through opening, a corresponding hole is cut in the steel jacket of the tower and a door frame used to hold the door is welded into this hole.
Bei diesem Vorgang wird der Turm nicht nur durch Bildung des Lochs in der Mantelfläche, sondern auch durch den anschließenden Schweißvorgang geschwächt, weil dabei durch die Hitzeeinwirkung Gefügeveränderungen in den Stahlblechteilen erzeugt werden. Mit Hilfe von Computersimulationen wurde gezeigt, daß der Bereich der Durchgangsöffnung der bei hohen Windlasten am höchsten beanspruchte Teil der gesamten Turmkonstruktion ist und daher entsprechend hohe Materialstärken oder zusätzliche Verstärkungselemente in diesem Bereich eingesetzt werden müssen, um eine ausreichende Stabilität der Turmkonstruktion sicherzustellen. Eine herkömmliche Turmkonstruktion der gerade beschriebenen Art ist beispielhaft in Fig. 2 dargestellt. Dabei zeigt Fig. 2a eine Ansicht des unteren Teils dieser Turmkonstruktion und Fig. 2b eine längs der Schnittebene A-A genommene Schnittdarstellung. In der Zeichnung bezeichnet das Bezugszeichen 10 den Turm, das Bezugszeichen 20 die Durchgangsöffnung und das Bezugszeichen 12 die in die Durch- gangsöffnung eingeschweißte Zarge. Bei den oben erwähnten Computersimulationen hat es sich gezeigt, daß Schwachstellen im besonderen im Bereich des geschweißten Übergangs zwischen der Zarge 12 und der daran angrenzenden Mantelfläche des Turms 10 auftreten. Zur Behebung dieses Problems wurde bereits vorgeschlagen, die Durchgangsöffnung 20 unter Vermeidung von scharfen Ecken als ovale Öffnung herzustellen, wie in Fig. 2a angedeutet. Allerdings können auch mit dieser Konstruktion Schwachstellen im Bereich des Übergangs zwischen der Zarge 12 und der daran angrenzenden Mantelfläche des Turms nicht vollständig beseitigt werden, so daß die Anbringung zusätzlicher Verstärkungselemente und/oder eine Erhöhung der Materialstärke der für die Bildung der Mantelfläche benutzten Stahlbleche auch bei dieser Maßnahme unvermeidlich ist.In this process, the tower is weakened not only by the formation of a hole in the lateral surface, but also by the subsequent welding process, because changes in the structure of the sheet steel parts are produced by the action of heat. With the help of computer simulations, it was shown that the area of the through opening is the part of the entire tower structure that is most stressed at high wind loads and accordingly high material thicknesses or additional reinforcing elements must be used in this area to ensure sufficient stability of the tower structure. A conventional tower construction of the type just described is shown by way of example in FIG. 2. 2a shows a view of the lower part of this tower construction and FIG. 2b shows a sectional view taken along the sectional plane A-A. In the drawing, reference number 10 denotes the tower, reference number 20 the through opening and reference number 12 the frame welded into the through opening. In the computer simulations mentioned above, it has been shown that weak points occur in particular in the area of the welded transition between the frame 12 and the adjacent surface of the tower 10. In order to remedy this problem, it has already been proposed to produce the through opening 20 as an oval opening while avoiding sharp corners, as indicated in FIG. 2a. However, even with this construction, weak points in the area of the transition between the frame 12 and the adjacent lateral surface of the tower cannot be completely eliminated, so that the attachment of additional reinforcing elements and / or an increase in the material thickness of the steel sheets used for forming the lateral surface also occurs this measure is inevitable.
Angesichts der vorstehend erläuterten Probleme im Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Bauelement der eingangs beschriebenen Art bereitzu- stellen, welches unter Vermeidung von nicht tolerierbaren Schwachstellen in der Turmkonstruktion kostengünstig hergestellt und montiert werden kann.In view of the problems in the prior art explained above, the object of the invention is to provide a component of the type described at the outset. provide, which can be manufactured and assembled inexpensively while avoiding intolerable weak points in the tower construction.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dieses Problem durch eine Weiterbildung der bekannten Bauelemente gelöst, welche im wesentlichen dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß zumindest ein die Durchgangsöffnung aufweisender Bereich des Bauelementes zumindest teilweise als aus einem vorzugsweise schweißbaren Gußwerkstoff, wie etwa Gußstahl bestehendesAccording to the invention, this problem is solved by a development of the known components, which is essentially characterized in that at least one area of the component having the through opening is at least partially made of a preferably weldable cast material, such as cast steel
Gußteil gebildet ist.Casting is formed.
Diese Erfindung geht auf die Erkenntnis zurück, daß die beobachtete Schwächung der Turmkonstruktion in erster Linie auf den bei der Herstellung herkömmlicher Bauelemente der eingangs beschriebenen Art benötigten Schweißvorgang im Bereich der Durchgangsöffnung zurückzuführen ist, und dieser Schweißvorgang vermieden werden kann, wenn die Durchgangsöffnung unter Verwendung eines Gußteils verwirklicht wird, weil derartige Gußteile durch geeignete Wahl der Gußform so vorgefertigt werden können, daß auf die nachträgliche Anbringung zusätzlicher Elemente weitgehend verzichtet werden kann. Dabei wurde insbesondere erkannt, daß die durch Vermeidung von zusätzlichen Schweißnähten erreichte Stabilitätserhöhung den bekannten Nachteil bei der Verwendung von Gußwerkstoffen hinsichtlich der eingeschränkten Verformbarkeit bei weitem überwiegt und daher trotz dieser Nachteile von Gußwerkstoffen insgesamt eine Erhöhung der Stabilität des Turms einer Windkraftanlage ohne Einsatz zusätzlicher Verstärkungselemente und/oder einer Erhöhung der Wandstärke der Turmkonstruktion erreicht werden kann.This invention is based on the knowledge that the weakening of the tower construction observed is primarily due to the welding process in the area of the through opening required for the production of conventional components of the type described at the outset, and this welding process can be avoided if the through opening is used using a Cast part is realized because such cast parts can be prefabricated by suitable choice of the mold so that the subsequent attachment of additional elements can be largely dispensed with. In particular, it was recognized that the increase in stability achieved by avoiding additional weld seams far outweighs the known disadvantage when using cast materials with regard to the limited deformability and therefore, despite these disadvantages of cast materials, an overall increase in the stability of the tower of a wind turbine without the use of additional reinforcing elements and / or an increase in the wall thickness of the tower construction can be achieved.
Dadurch wird unter gleichzeitiger Gewährleistung der benötigten Stabilität eine deut- liehe Kostenminderung erreicht, weil der Materialeinsatz, die Fertigungszeit, der zur Montage benötigte Personaleinsatz und die Festigkeitsauslegung unter Verwendung weniger Bauteile im Fertigungsprozeß und höherer Fertigungstoleranzen optimiert werden können.As a result, while at the same time ensuring the required stability, a significant cost reduction is achieved because the use of materials, the manufacturing time, the personnel required for assembly and the strength design can be optimized using fewer components in the manufacturing process and higher manufacturing tolerances.
Im Rahmen dieser Erfindung ist an den Einsatz von vollständig aus einem Gußwerk- stoff bestehenden Bauelementen gedacht, welche im Rahmen einer Vormontage und/oder im Rahmen der Endmontage mit anderen Bestandteilen des Turms verbunden werden. Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Bauelement jedoch bereits als vormontiertes Bauteil mit mindestens einem an das Gußteil angrenzenden und vorzugsweise damit verschweißten Stahlblech ausgeführt.Within the scope of this invention, the use of components made entirely of a cast material is intended, which are connected to other components of the tower in the course of a pre-assembly and / or in the course of the final assembly. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, however, the component is already designed as a pre-assembled component with at least one steel sheet adjacent to the casting and preferably welded to it.
Im Hinblick auf die üblicherweise verwendeten Turmgeometrien weist die Begren- zungsfläche des erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementes zweckmäßigerweise im wesentlichen die Form einer Kreiszylindermantelfläche, oder eines Ausschnitts davon auf. Die Verbindung zwischen einem Gußteil und einem Stahlblech eines als vormontiertes Bauteil ausgeführten erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementes erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise durch eine Stumpfnaht. Im Hinblick auf die Wandstärke von mehr als 10 mm der zur Herstellung herkömm- licher Türme von Windkraftanlagen eingesetzten Stahlbleche ist es zum Erhalt einer hinreichend festen Schweißverbindung üblicherweise erforderlich, daß die Schweißnaht in einer zwischen dem Gußteil und dem Stahlblech gebildeten Fuge mit keilförmigem Querschnitt gebildet ist. In einer derartigen Fuge können ausgehend von dem Bereich geringster Breite aufeinanderfolgend eine Anzahl von Schweißraupen gelegt werden, welche die Fuge schließlich vollständig ausfüllen. Die zur Bildung einer derartigen Fuge mit keilförmigem Querschnitt benötigte V-förmige Anfasung kann bei Einsatz erfindungsgemäßer Bauelemente durch geeignete Wahl der Gußform schon bei der Herstellung des Gußteils in dieses integriert werden.With regard to the tower geometries usually used, the boundary surface of the component according to the invention expediently essentially has the shape of a circular cylinder surface, or a section thereof. The connection between a cast part and a steel sheet of a component according to the invention designed as a preassembled component is expediently made by a butt seam. In view of the wall thickness of more than 10 mm of the steel sheets used for the production of conventional towers of wind power plants, it is usually necessary to obtain a sufficiently strong welded connection that the weld seam is formed in a wedge-shaped cross section formed between the casting and the steel sheet , In a joint of this type, a number of weld beads can be placed in succession, starting from the region of the smallest width, which finally fill the joint completely. The V-shaped chamfer required to form a joint of this type with a wedge-shaped cross section can be integrated into the cast part when the cast part is produced by using suitable components according to the invention.
Wie eingangs bereits erläutert, kann eine Stabilitätserhöhung auch dadurch erreicht werden, daß bei der Bildung der Durchgangsöffnung scharfe Ecken od.dgl. vermieden werden. Aus diesem Grund weist auch die Durchgangsöffnung erfindungsgemäßer Bauelemente vorzugsweise im wesentlichen eine Ovalform auf.As already explained at the beginning, an increase in stability can also be achieved in that sharp corners or the like when forming the through opening. be avoided. For this reason, the through opening of components according to the invention also preferably has an essentially oval shape.
Bei Windkraftanlagen müssen im Bereich der Durchgangsöffnung üblicherweise weitere Funktionselemente vorgesehen sein, wie etwa die Türzarge zum gelenkigen Befestigen eines Türblattes, Befestigungselemente für Feuerlöscher od.dgl., Antennenhalter, Ansaug- und/oder Abgasrohre für ein mit einem Dieselmotor ausgestattetes Notstromaggregat, eine Aufnahme für ein Treppengeländer, ein Ausgang bzw. eine Ausblasöffnung für die Kühl- bzw. Frischluftzufuhr und/oder eine Türsicherung. Bei herkömmlichen Türmen von Windkraftanlagen werden diese Funktionselemente an den Turmmantel geschweißt. Dadurch werden zusätzliche Schwächungen in dem Turmmantel erzeugt. Dieses Problem kann bei Einsatz erfindungsgemäßer Bauelemente dadurch gelöst werden, daß mindestens eines der zusätzlichen Funktionselemente als integraler Bestandteil des Gußteils gleich mit diesem gegossen wird.In the case of wind turbines, further functional elements usually have to be provided in the area of the passage opening, such as the door frame for articulated fastening of a door leaf, fastening elements for fire extinguishers or the like, antenna holders, suction and / or exhaust pipes for an emergency power unit equipped with a diesel engine, a receptacle for a banister, an exit or a blow-out opening for the cooling or fresh air supply and / or a door lock. In conventional wind turbine towers, these functional elements are welded to the tower jacket. This creates additional weaknesses in the tower jacket. When using components according to the invention, this problem can be solved in that at least one of the additional functional elements is cast as an integral part of the cast part.
Nachstehend wird die Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung, auf die hinsichtlich aller erfindungswesentlichen und in der Beschreibung nicht weiter herausgestellten Einzelheiten ausdrücklich verwiesen wird, erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, to which reference is expressly made with regard to all details essential to the invention and not further emphasized in the description. The drawing shows:
Fig. 1 eine Schnittdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementes undFig. 1 is a sectional view of a component according to the invention and
Fig. 2 den Turm einer Windkraftanlage nach dem Stand der Technik.Fig. 2 shows the tower of a wind turbine according to the prior art.
In Fig. 1 ist ein eine Durchgangsöffnung 20 der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Art bildendes erfindungsgemäßes Bauelement dargestellt. Dieses Bauelement ist ein aus Stahlguß hergestelltes Gußteil und umfaßt ein Befestigungselement 32 zur gelenkigen Anbringung eines Türblatts, einen Türblattanschlag 34 sowie insgesamt drei Befestigungselemente 36, die als Feuerlöscherhalter, Antennenhalter und/oder Türsicherung eingesetzt werden können. Das in Fig. 2 dargestellte Bauelement weist eine äußere Begrenzungsfläche in Form eines Ausschnittes einer Kegelstumpfmantelfläche auf. Zur Montage eines Turms einer Windkraftanlage wird dieses Bauelement mit weiteren in Form von gewalzten Stahlblechen gebildeten Bauelementen verschweißt, um so einen Turm für die Windkraftanlage herzustellen. Bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Durchgangsöffnung in der Größe einer herkömmlichen Tür (Standardtür) gebildet.1 shows a component according to the invention forming a through opening 20 of the type shown in FIG. 2. This component is a cast part made of cast steel and comprises a fastening element 32 for the articulated attachment of a door leaf, a door leaf stop 34 and a total of three fastening elements 36 which can be used as fire extinguisher holders, antenna holders and / or door security devices. The component shown in FIG. 2 has an outer boundary surface in the form of a section of a truncated cone surface. To assemble a tower of a wind turbine, this component is welded to other components formed in the form of rolled steel sheets in order to produce a tower for the wind turbine. In the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1, the through opening is formed in the size of a conventional door (standard door).
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das anhand der Zeichnung erläuterte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. Beispielsweise ist auch an den Einsatz von Bauelementen gedacht, bei denen nur ein Teil der Durchgangsöffnung von dem Gußteil begrenzt wird und der Rest der Durch- gangsöffnung von einem gewalzten Stahlblech begrenzt wird. Ferner ist auch an den Einsatz von erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementen mit kreiszylindermantelförmigen und/oder ebenen Begrenzungsflächen gedacht. Auch können weitere Funktionselemente an dem Gußteil des erfindungsgemäßen Bauelementes vorgesehen sein. The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment explained with reference to the drawing. For example, the use of components is also contemplated in which only a part of the through opening is delimited by the cast part and the rest of the through opening is delimited by a rolled steel sheet. Furthermore, the use of components according to the invention with circular cylindrical jacket-shaped and / or flat boundary surfaces is also contemplated. Further functional elements can also be provided on the casting of the component according to the invention.

Claims

ANSPRUCHE EXPECTATIONS
1. Bauelement (30) zur Herstellung eines Turms (10) einer Windkraftanlage mit einer einen Teil der Außenfläche des Turms bildenden und eine zur Aufnahme einer Tür die- nende Durchgangsöffnung (20) aufweisenden Begrenzungsfläche (40), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest ein die Durchgangsöffnung (20) aufweisender Bereich des Bauelementes (30) zumindest teilweise als aus einem vorzugsweise schweißbaren Gußwerkstoff bestehendes Gußteil gebildet ist.1. Component (30) for the manufacture of a tower (10) of a wind power plant with a part (40) forming a part of the outer surface of the tower and having a through opening (20) serving to accommodate a door, characterized in that at least one Area of the component (30) having a through opening (20) is at least partially formed as a cast part consisting of a preferably weldable cast material.
2. Bauelement nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens ein an das Gußteil (30) angrenzendes und vorzugsweise damit verschweißtes Stahlblech.2. Component according to claim 1, characterized by at least one to the casting (30) adjacent and preferably welded steel sheet.
3. Bauelement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Begrenzungsfläche (40) im wesentlichen die Form einer Kreiszylindermantelfläche, einer Kegel- Stumpfmantelfläche oder eines Ausschnitts davon aufweist.3. Component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the boundary surface (40) has essentially the shape of a circular cylinder surface, a cone-stump surface or a section thereof.
4. Bauelement nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schweißnaht in einer zwischen dem Gußteil und dem Stahlblech gebildeten Fuge mit keilförmigem Querschnitt gebildet ist.4. Component according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the weld seam is formed in a joint formed between the casting and the steel sheet with a wedge-shaped cross section.
5. Bauelement nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchgangsöffnung (20) im wesentlichen eine Ovalform aufweist.5. Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the through opening (20) has an essentially oval shape.
6. Bauelement nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gußteil mindestens ein Funktionselement als integralen Bestandteil aufweist.6. Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the casting has at least one functional element as an integral part.
7. Bauelement nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Funktionselement eine Türzarge, einen Türzapfen, ein Befestigungselement für eine Feuerlöscher, einen Antennenhalter, ein Ansaug- und/oder Abgasrohr für ein Notstromaggregat, eine Aufnahme für ein Treppengeländer , eine Lüftungsöffnung und/oder eine Türsicherung ist.7. The component according to claim 6, characterized in that the functional element a door frame, a door pin, a fastening element for a fire extinguisher, an antenna holder, a suction and / or exhaust pipe for an emergency power generator, a receptacle for a banister, a ventilation opening and / or is a door lock.
8. Wiπdkraftanlage mit einem Bauelement nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. 8. Wiπdkraftanlage with a component according to any one of the preceding claims.
EP02785302A 2001-10-24 2002-10-24 Structural unit for constructing a tower of a wind turbine Withdrawn EP1438502A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10152550A DE10152550A1 (en) 2001-10-24 2001-10-24 module
DE10152550 2001-10-24
PCT/EP2002/011914 WO2003036085A1 (en) 2001-10-24 2002-10-24 Structural unit for constructing a tower of a wind turbine

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US (1) US7775773B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1438502A1 (en)
CN (1) CN1592818A (en)
AU (1) AU2002350621B2 (en)
BR (1) BR0213535A (en)
CA (1) CA2464623A1 (en)
DE (1) DE10152550A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003036085A1 (en)

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US20070148004A1 (en) 2007-06-28
BR0213535A (en) 2004-10-19
DE10152550A1 (en) 2003-05-08
CN1592818A (en) 2005-03-09
WO2003036085A1 (en) 2003-05-01
US7775773B2 (en) 2010-08-17
CA2464623A1 (en) 2003-05-01
AU2002350621B2 (en) 2005-10-06

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