DE19832921A1 - Tower construction esp. for wind power plant with metal outer and inner shells and concrete shell arranged between these also connecting carrying elements for forming carrying - Google Patents

Tower construction esp. for wind power plant with metal outer and inner shells and concrete shell arranged between these also connecting carrying elements for forming carrying

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Publication number
DE19832921A1
DE19832921A1 DE19832921A DE19832921A DE19832921A1 DE 19832921 A1 DE19832921 A1 DE 19832921A1 DE 19832921 A DE19832921 A DE 19832921A DE 19832921 A DE19832921 A DE 19832921A DE 19832921 A1 DE19832921 A1 DE 19832921A1
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Prior art keywords
shell
structure according
tower structure
tower
concrete
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DE19832921A
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German (de)
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Joachim Kretz
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Priority to DE19832921A priority Critical patent/DE19832921A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
    • E04H12/12—Structures made of specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material, with or without internal or external reinforcements, e.g. with metal coverings, with permanent form elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F05B2230/61—Assembly methods using auxiliary equipment for lifting or holding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The tower construction has a metal outer shell (3), a metal inner shell (5), a concrete shell (7) arranged between the inner and outer shells, also connecting elements (11,12,12') for forming a carrying combination construction of the concrete shell (7) and at least one of the metal shells (3,5).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Turmkonstruktion, insbesondere für Windkraftanlagen.The invention relates to a tower construction, in particular for wind turbines.

Trägertürme für Windkraftanlagen werden derzeit bis zu Höhen von etwa 100 m errichtet, wobei im Zuge einer weiter voranschreitenden Windkraftnutzung mit Turmhöhen von 150 m und mehr zu rechnen ist.Carrier towers for wind turbines are currently being built up to heights of around 100 m, in the course of further advancing wind power with tower heights of 150 m and more is to be expected.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine neue Turmkonstruktion zu schaffen, durch die sich z. B. Windkraftanlagen mit geringerem Bau- und Zeit- und Material­ aufwand errichten lassen.The present invention has for its object to a new tower construction create through which z. B. wind turbines with less construction and time and material let effort be erected.

Die diese Aufgabe lösende Turmbaukonstruktion nach der Erfindung ist durch eine Metallaußenschale, eine Metallinnenschale, eine zwischen der Außen- und Innenschale angeordnete Betonschale sowie Verbindungsträgerelemente zur Bildung einer tragenden Verbundkonstruktion aus der Betonschale und wenigstens einer der Metallschalen gekenn­ zeichnet.The tower construction according to the invention that solves this problem is by a Metal outer shell, a metal inner shell, one between the outer and inner shell arranged concrete shell and connection support elements to form a load-bearing Composite construction from the concrete shell and at least one of the metal shells known draws.

Gemäß dieser Erfindungslösung lassen sich die Metallaußen- und -innenschale einerseits als Schalung bei der Herstellung der Betonschale verwenden, können aber andererseits im Rahmen der Verbundkonstruktion als tragende Elemente dienen, so daß Turmkonstruktionen mit geringem Aufwand errichtet werden können.According to this solution of the invention, the metal outer and inner shell can be used as a Use formwork in the manufacture of the concrete shell, but can also be used in Frame of the composite structure serve as load-bearing elements, so that tower structures can be set up with little effort.

Als Verbindungsträgerelemente kommen von der Außen- und/oder Innenschale in die Betonschale hinein vorstehende Trägerbauteile zur Kraftübertragung zwischen den Schalen in Betracht, welche insbesondere formschlüssig in der Betonschale verankert sind. Auf diese Weise wird zwischen der Betonschale und den Metallschalen eine besonders feste Verbin­ dung erreicht, wobei die Metallschalen gemeinsam mit der Betonschale die erforderlichen Tragfunktionen ausüben und die Verbindungsträgerelemente im Rahmen ihrer Tragfunktion vorrangig Schubkräften ausgesetzt sind.The connecting carrier elements come from the outer and / or inner shell into the Concrete shell protruding support components for power transmission between the shells into consideration, which are in particular anchored in the concrete shell. To this  A particularly firm connection is made between the concrete shell and the metal shells tion reached, the metal shells together with the concrete shell the required Exercise load-bearing functions and the connection support elements as part of their load-bearing function are primarily exposed to shear forces.

Bei den genannten Trägerbauteilen handelt es sich vorzugsweise um stiftartige Bauteile mit einer Endaufweitung, insbesondere um Dübelbolzen, die mit einem Kopf versehen sind, der für eine widerhakenartige Verankerung der Bolzen im Beton sorgt.The support components mentioned are preferably pin-like components with an end expansion, in particular around dowel bolts that are provided with a head that ensures that the bolts are anchored like barbs in the concrete.

Zur Gewährleistung einer über die Fläche der Schalen gleichmäßig verteilten Kraftübertra­ gung sind die Verbindungsträgerelemente auf der Metallschale vorzugsweise zueinander in einem Rasterabstand angeordnet. Dabei ist in einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungs­ form der Erfindung ein horizontaler Rasterabstand von 40 bis 60 cm, insbesondere 50 cm, vorgesehen. Der vertikale Rasterabstand beträgt in dieser bevorzugten Ausführungsform 15 bis 25 cm, insbesondere 20 cm. Vorteilhaft wird bei dem vorgesehenen engen Rasterab­ stand ein Ausbeulen der Außenschale vermieden, indem die in der Betonschale verankerten Verbindungsträgerelemente durch die Außenschale ausgeübten Zugkräften nicht nach­ geben.To ensure a force transmission evenly distributed over the surface of the shells supply connection elements on the metal shell are preferably in relation to each other arranged at a grid spacing. It is in a particularly preferred embodiment form of the invention a horizontal grid spacing of 40 to 60 cm, in particular 50 cm, intended. The vertical grid spacing is 15 in this preferred embodiment up to 25 cm, especially 20 cm. It is advantageous with the narrow grid provided bulging of the outer shell was avoided by anchoring it in the concrete shell Connection carrier elements not exerted by tensile forces exerted by the outer shell give.

Vorzugsweise sind die Dübelbolzen mit der Metallschale verschweißt.The dowel bolts are preferably welded to the metal shell.

In der besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Außen- und/oder Innen­ schale aus, insbesondere mit den Verbindungsträgerelementen vorgefertigten, Schalen­ segmenten gebildet, wobei die Schalensegmente miteinander z. B. über sich horizontal und vertikal erstreckende Randabwinklungen verbunden sind. Durch solche einschließlich der Verbindungsträgerelemente vorgefertigten Segmente, die z. B. eine enge von 12 m und eine Breite von 2,40 m aufweisen können, vereinfacht sich die Errichtung von Türmen. Vor Ort braucht lediglich die Betonschale hergestellt zu werden, was schon während der Mon­ tage der Metallschalen erfolgen kann, indem jeweils bereits nach Errichtung eines Verti­ kalabschnitts der Außen- und Innenschale der Zwischenraum zwischen den durch die Seg­ mente gebildeten Schalenabschnitten ausgegossen wird.In the particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the outside and / or inside shell, in particular shells prefabricated with the connection carrier elements segments formed, the shell segments with each other z. B. horizontal over itself vertically extending edge bends are connected. Through such including the Connection carrier elements prefabricated segments, the z. B. a narrow of 12 m and can have a width of 2.40 m, the construction of towers is simplified. In front Only the concrete shell needs to be made, which was already during the Mon days of the metal shells can be done by already after setting up a verti Kalababschnitt the outer and inner shell of the space between the by the seg mentally formed shell sections is poured out.

Durch die Abwinklungen, die mit Bohrungen für die Aufnahme von Verbindungsbolzen ver­ sehen sein können, erfolgt eine gewisse Horizontalversteifung der miteinander verbundenen Schalensegmente, so daß der jeweils gebildete Schalungsabschnitt die zum Betonieren erforderliche Stabilität aufweist. Zur zusätzlichen Stabilität können innenseitig mit der Innen­ schale verbundene Horizontalversteifungsringe sorgen. Due to the bends that ver with holes for receiving connecting bolts can be seen, there is a certain horizontal stiffening of the interconnected Shell segments, so that the formwork section formed in each case is used for concreting has the required stability. For additional stability, the inside can be attached to the inside Ensure horizontal stiffening rings connected to the shell.  

In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung weisen die Dübelbolzen zum Teil eine der Betonschalendicke entsprechende Länge auf. Dadurch sind Abstandselemente gebildet, die dafür sorgen, daß die Innenschale und die Außenschale in konstantem Abstand und koaxial zueinander angeordnet sind. Diese stabile koaxiale Anordnung kann darüber hinaus durch Verbindungsstege gewährleistet werden, über die die beiden Metallschalen mitein­ ander verbunden sind.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the dowel bolts partially have one of the Concrete shell thickness corresponding length. Spacer elements are thereby formed, which ensure that the inner shell and the outer shell at a constant distance and are arranged coaxially to each other. This stable coaxial arrangement can also can be guaranteed by connecting webs over which the two metal shells are together are connected.

In der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Betonschale eine Stahlbetonschale mit einer Stahlbewehrung. Insbesondere sind vorgefertigte, den Schalensegmente entspre­ chende Bewehrungssegmente vorgesehen. Damit sind außer der vor Ort herzustellenden Betonschale alle zur Errichtung des Turms erforderlichen Teile vorgefertigt. Entsprechend gering sind die auf der Baustelle zu erbringenden Bauleistungen.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the concrete shell is a reinforced concrete shell with steel reinforcement. In particular, prefabricated ones correspond to the shell segments reinforcement segments are provided. This means that in addition to those to be manufactured on site Concrete shell prefabricated all the parts required to erect the tower. Corresponding the construction work to be performed on the construction site is low.

Die Bewehrungsgittersegmente sind vorteilhaft so gestaltet, daß sie zur Positionierung zwi­ schen den Schalen, bevor das Ausgießen des Schalungszwischenraums zur Bildung der Betonschale erfolgt, ohne gesonderte Befestigung an den vorstehenden Verbindungsträ­ gerelementen angehängt werden können.The reinforcement grid segments are advantageously designed so that they are used for positioning between shells before pouring the formwork space to form the Concrete shell is made without separate attachment to the above connecting beams elements can be attached.

Die Erfindung soll nun anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und der beiliegenden, sich auf dieses Ausführungsbeispiel beziehenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert und beschrieben werden. Es zeigen:The invention will now be based on an embodiment and the accompanying this embodiment relating drawings explained and described become. Show it:

Fig. 1 eine Windkraftanlage mit einer Turmkonstruktion nach der Erfindung, Fig. 1 shows a wind turbine with a tower construction according to the invention,

Fig. 2 ein bei der Turmkonstruktion von Fig. 1 verwendetes Außenschalungssegment aus Stahl in einer Teilansicht, Fig. 2 is a used in the tower structure of Fig. 1 outer formwork segment made of steel in a partial view,

Fig. 3 eine Teilansicht eines in der Turmkonstruktion von Fig. 1 verwendeten Innenscha­ lungssegments mit einem zur Anordnung zwischen Außen- und Innenschalungsseg­ menten vorgesehenen Bewehrungsgittersegment, Fig. 3 is a partial view of an inner saddle used in the tower structure of Fig. 1 lung segments, with a to be disposed between outer and Innenschalungsseg elements provided for reinforcing grid segment

Fig. 4 eine Teilquerschnittsansicht der Turmkonstruktion der Windkraftanlage von Fig. 1, und Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the tower structure of the wind turbine of Fig. 1, and

Fig. 5 eine weitere Teilquerschnittsansicht der Turmkonstruktion der Windkraftanlage von Fig. 1 in einem Verbindungsbereich zwischen Turmabschnitten, die durch Segmente gemäß Fig. 2 gebildet sind. FIG. 5 shows a further partial cross-sectional view of the tower construction of the wind power plant from FIG. 1 in a connection area between tower sections which are formed by segments according to FIG. 2.

Es wird zunächst auf Fig. 1 Bezug genommen, wo eine Windkraftanlage mit einem Windrad und einem Trägerturm 2 schematisch dargestellt ist. Reference is first made to FIG. 1, where a wind turbine with a wind turbine and a carrier tower 2 is shown schematically.

Der Turm 2 weist eine Außenschale 3 auf, die aus vorgefertigten, 12 m langen Stahlsegmen­ ten 4 zusammengesetzt ist. Der Turm hat eine Höhe von 96 m. Der Außendurchmesser am Turmfuß beträgt 6,40 m und verringert sich bis zur Turmspitze bis auf 2 m. Zur Bildung eines 12 m langen Turmabschnitts sind jeweils acht vorgefertigte Segmente verwendet, deren hori­ zontale Abmessungen sich vom Turmfuß bis zur Spitze entsprechend der angegebenen Durchmesserverkleinerung verringern.The tower 2 has an outer shell 3 , which is composed of prefabricated, 12 m long steel segments 4 . The tower has a height of 96 m. The outer diameter at the tower base is 6.40 m and is reduced to 2 m up to the top of the tower. Eight prefabricated segments are used to form a 12 m long tower section, the horizontal dimensions of which decrease from the tower base to the top in accordance with the specified diameter reduction.

Wie aus den Fig. 4 bis 5 hervorgeht, weist der Turm 2 neben der Außenschale 3 ferner eine Innenschale 5 auf, die wie die Außenschale 3 aus vorgefertigten Stahlsegmenten 6 zusam­ mengesetzt ist.As can be seen from FIGS. 4 to 5, the tower 2 has, in addition to the outer shell 3, an inner shell 5 which, like the outer shell 3, is composed of prefabricated steel segments 6 .

Zwischen der Außenschale 3 und der Innenschale 5 ist eine durch Ausgießen des Schalen­ zwischenraums gebildete Betonschale 7 angeordnet. Dabei handelt es sich um eine Stahl­ betonschale mit einem darin eingegossenen Bewehrungsgitter. Zur Bildung des Beweh­ rungsgitters dienen Gittersegmente 8 (Fig. 3), die auf vorstehende Dübelbolzen 12' gehängt werden können.Between the outer shell 3 and the inner shell 5 , a concrete shell 7 formed by pouring the shells is arranged in between. It is a reinforced concrete shell with a reinforcement grid cast into it. To form the reinforcement grid serve grid segments 8 ( Fig. 3), which can be hung on the above dowel bolts 12 '.

Wie aus Fig. 2 hervorgeht, weisen die Außenschalenstahlsegmente 4 jeweils horizontale Randabwinklungen 9 und vertikale Randabwinklungen 10 auf. Von der Innenseite der Außenschalenstahlsegmente 4 stehen damit verschweißte Kopfdübelbolzen 11 und 12 mit Köpfen 17 vor, von denen die Kopfdübelbolzen 11 jeweils eine Länge von maximal etwa 30 cm aufweisen, welche dem Abstand zwischen der Innenschale 3 und der Außenschale 5 entspricht, der im vorliegenden Fall maximal 30 cm beträgt. Die Länge der übrigen Kopf­ dübelbolzen 12 beträgt etwa ein Drittel bis zur Hälfte dieses Abstandes, der gleich der maxi­ malen Dicke der Betonschale 7 ist. Die Kopfdübelbolzen 11 und 12 sind in Rasterabständen angeordnet, wobei der Rasterabstand zwischen vertikalen Reihen 50 cm und zwischen horizontalen Reihen 20 cm beträgt.As can be seen from FIG. 2, the outer shell steel segments 4 each have horizontal edge bends 9 and vertical edge bends 10 . Welded head dowel bolts 11 and 12 with heads 17 project from the inside of the outer shell steel segments 4 , of which the head dowel bolts 11 each have a maximum length of approximately 30 cm, which corresponds to the distance between the inner shell 3 and the outer shell 5 , which in the present case is a maximum of 30 cm. The length of the remaining head dowel bolts 12 is about one third to half of this distance, which is equal to the maximum thickness of the concrete shell 7 . The head dowel bolts 11 and 12 are arranged at grid intervals, the grid spacing between vertical rows being 50 cm and between horizontal rows 20 cm.

Die zur Bildung der Innenschale 5 verwendeten Innenschalenstahlsegmente 6 sind wie die Außenschalenstahlsegmente 4 mit Randabwinklungen ausgebildet, wovon in Fig. 5 die hori­ zontalen Randabwinklungen 10' sichtbar sind. Die Kopfdübelbolzen 12', deren Länge gleich der Länge der Kopfdübelbolzen 12 ist, stehen von der Segmentaußenseite vor.The inner shell steel segments 6 used to form the inner shell 5 are formed like the outer shell steel segments 4 with edge anglings, of which the horizontal edge anglings 10 'are visible in FIG. 5. The head dowel bolts 12 ', the length of which is equal to the length of the head dowel bolts 12 , protrude from the outside of the segment.

Der Durchmesser der Bolzen liegt im vorliegenden Fall zwischen 10 bis 19 mm. Der Kopf­ durchmesser ist um das Eineinhalbfache größer. Die Wandstärke der Schalensegmente 4, 6 beträgt 5 mm. The diameter of the bolts in the present case is between 10 and 19 mm. The head diameter is one and a half times larger. The wall thickness of the shell segments 4 , 6 is 5 mm.

Mit dem Bezugszeichen 13 ist in der Fig. 4 ein mit der Innenschale 5 verbundener Ring zur horizontalen Stabilisierung bezeichnet.The reference number 13 in FIG. 4 denotes a ring connected to the inner shell 5 for horizontal stabilization.

In den genannten Randabwinklungen sind Bohrungen 14 vorgesehen, die es ermöglichen, die Segmente über ihre Randabwinklungen durch Schraubverbindungen 15 bzw. 15' mit­ einander zu verbinden.Bores 14 are provided in the mentioned angled edges, which enable the segments to be connected to one another by screw connections 15 and 15 'via their angled edges.

Zur Verbindung der Innenschale mit der Außenschale können in den Figuren nicht gezeigte Stege verwendet sein, wobei solche Verbindungsstege zweckmäßig in regelmäßigen hori­ zontalen und vertikalen Abständen angeordnet sind.To connect the inner shell to the outer shell can not shown in the figures Bridges can be used, such connecting bridges expediently in regular hori zontal and vertical distances are arranged.

Zur Errichtung des Turms 2 der in der Fig. 1 gezeigten Windkraftanlage werden die mit den Kopfdübelbolzen 11, 12 vorgefertigten Schalensegmente 4, 6 und die Bewehrungsgitterseg­ mente 8 zur Baustelle transportiert und aus den Außenschalensegmenten 4 und Innenscha­ lensegmenten 6 jeweils der Segmentlänge entsprechende Schalungsabschnitte montiert. Dabei werden nach Errichtung der jeweiligen Innenschalenabschnitte die Bewehrungsgitter­ segmente 8 an die von den Innenschalensegmenten nach außen vorstehenden Kopf­ dübelbolzen 12' angehängt. Danach erfolgt die Montage des jeweiligen Außenschalenab­ schnitts und ggf. dessen Verbindung mit dem Innenschalenabschnitt über Verbindungs­ stege.For the erection of the tower 2 of the wind turbine shown in FIG. 1, the pre-made with the head dowel pins 11, 12, shell segments 4, 6 to be and the Bewehrungsgitterseg elements 8 transported to the site and lensegmenten from the outer shell segments 4 and the inner saddle 6 each segment length corresponding formwork sections mounted. After the construction of the respective inner shell sections, the reinforcement grid segments 8 are attached to the dowel bolts 12 'projecting outward from the inner shell segments. This is followed by the assembly of the respective outer shell section and, if necessary, its connection to the inner shell section via connecting webs.

Es wäre auch denkbar, einen Turmabschnitt, insbesondere einen oberen Turmabschnitt mit verringerte m Durchmesser, komplett vorzufertigen und zur Baustelle zu transportieren.It would also be conceivable to have a tower section, in particular an upper tower section reduced m diameter, completely prefabricated and transported to the construction site.

Nach Fertigstellung eines Turmabschnitts kann bereits mit der Herstellung der Betonschale 7 begonnen werden, wobei dann das Ausgießen der Betonschale 7 nach und nach während der Aufstockung weiterer Schalungsabschnitte erfolgt.After the completion of a tower section, the production of the concrete shell 7 can already begin, the pouring of the concrete shell 7 then taking place gradually while additional formwork sections are being added.

Indem die mit den Stahlschalen verbundenen Kopfdübelbolzen in die Betonschale hinein vorstehen, sind die Metallschalen mit der Betonschale derart verbunden, daß die Beton­ schale und die Metallschalen gemeinsam im Rahmen der Verbundkonstruktion die für die Windkraftanlage gemäß Fig. 1 erforderliche Trägerfunktion übernehmen können.By the head dowel bolts connected to the steel shells projecting into the concrete shell, the metal shells are connected to the concrete shell in such a way that the concrete shell and the metal shells can take over the support function required for the wind turbine according to FIG. 1 together as part of the composite construction.

Im Unterschied zu dem beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel mit einheitlich acht Segmenten je Turmabschnitt könnte die auf die Turmabschnitte entfallende Segmentzahl variieren und insbesondere nach oben abnehmen. Auch die angegebenen Rasterabstände können sich höhenabhängig ändern.In contrast to the described embodiment with eight segments the number of segments per tower section could vary and especially decrease upwards. The specified grid spacing can also vary change depending on the height.

Claims (17)

1. Turmkonstruktion, insbesondere für Windkraftanlagen, gekennzeichnet durch eine Metallaußenschale (3), eine Metallinnenschale (5), eine zwi­ schen der Außen- und Innenschale angeordnete Betonschale (7) sowie Verbindungs­ trägerelemente (11, 12, 12') zur Bildung einer tragenden Verbundkonstruktion aus der Betonschale (7) und wenigstens einer der Metallschalen (3, 5).1. Tower construction, in particular for wind turbines, characterized by a metal outer shell ( 3 ), a metal inner shell ( 5 ), a between the outer and inner shell arranged concrete shell ( 7 ) and connecting support elements ( 11 , 12 , 12 ') to form a load-bearing Composite construction from the concrete shell ( 7 ) and at least one of the metal shells ( 3 , 5 ). 2. Turmkonstruktion nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsträgerelemente von der Außenschale (3) und/oder der Innen­ schale (5) in die Betonschale (7) vorstehende Trägerbauteile (11, 12, 12') umfassen.2. Tower structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting support elements from the outer shell ( 3 ) and / or the inner shell ( 5 ) in the concrete shell ( 7 ) projecting support components ( 11 , 12 , 12 '). 3. Turmkonstruktion nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsträgerelemente (11, 12, 12') in der Betonschale (7), insbesondere durch eine Endaufweitung, formschlüssig verankert sind.3. Tower structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting support elements ( 11 , 12 , 12 ') in the concrete shell ( 7 ), in particular by an end expansion, are positively anchored. 4. Turmkonstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsträgerelemente, insbesondere mit einem Kopf (17) versehene, Dübelbolzen (11, 12, 12') sind.4. Tower structure according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the connection carrier elements, in particular with a head ( 17 ) provided, dowel bolts ( 11 , 12 , 12 '). 5. Turmkonstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsträgerelemente (11, 12, 12') auf der Metallaußenschale (3) und/oder der Metallinnenschale (5) in einem Rasterabstand zueinander angeordnet sind.5. Tower structure according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the connecting carrier elements ( 11 , 12 , 12 ') on the metal outer shell ( 3 ) and / or the metal inner shell ( 5 ) are arranged at a grid spacing from one another. 6. Turmkonstruktion nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein horizontaler Rasterabstand von 40 bis 60 cm, vorzugsweise 50 cm, vorgesehen ist,6. tower construction according to claim 5, characterized, that a horizontal grid spacing of 40 to 60 cm, preferably 50 cm, is provided is 7. Turmkonstruktion nach Anspruch 5 oder 6 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein vertikaler Rasterabstand von 15 bis 25 cm, vorzugsweise 20 cm, vorgesehen ist. 7. Tower structure according to claim 5 or 6 characterized, that a vertical grid spacing of 15 to 25 cm, preferably 20 cm, is provided.   8. Turmkonstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungsträgerelemente (11, 12, 12') mit der Metallaußenschale (3) und/oder der Metallinnenschale (5) verschweißt sind.8. Tower structure according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the connection carrier elements ( 11 , 12 , 12 ') with the metal outer shell ( 3 ) and / or the metal inner shell ( 5 ) are welded. 9. Turmkonstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Metallaußenschale (3) und/oder die Metallinnenschale (5) aus, insbesondere zusammen mit den Verbindungsträgerelementen (11, 12, 12'), vorgefertigten, Schalen­ segmenten (4.6) gebildet ist.9. Tower structure according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the metal outer shell ( 3 ) and / or the metal inner shell ( 5 ), in particular together with the connecting carrier elements ( 11 , 12 , 12 '), prefabricated, shell segments ( 4.6 ) is formed. 10. Turmkonstruktion nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schalensegmente (4, 6) miteinander über, insbesondere horizontale und verti­ kale, Randabwinklungen (9, 10, 10') verbindbar sind.10. Tower structure according to claim 9, characterized in that the shell segments ( 4 , 6 ) with each other via, in particular horizontal and verti cal, edge bends ( 9 , 10 , 10 ') can be connected. 11. Turmkonstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die von der Außenschale (3) oder/und Innenschale (4) vorstehenden Verbindungs­ trägerelemente Verbindungsträgerelemente (11) mit einer der Dicke der Betonschale (7) entsprechende Länge umfassen.11. Tower construction according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that of the outer shell ( 3 ) and / and inner shell ( 4 ) projecting connection support elements connecting support elements ( 11 ) with a thickness of the concrete shell ( 7 ) corresponding length. 12. Turmkonstruktion nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Länge der übrigen Verbindungsträgerelemente (12) etwa zwischen einem Drit­ tel und der Hälfte der Betonschalendicke liegt.12. Tower structure according to claim 11, characterized in that the length of the remaining connecting support elements ( 12 ) is approximately between a third tel and half of the concrete shell thickness. 13. Turmkonstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Betonschale eine Stahlbetonschale (7) ist.13. Tower structure according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the concrete shell is a reinforced concrete shell ( 7 ). 14. Turmkonstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vorgefertigte, den Schalensegmenten (4, 6) entsprechende Bewehrungsgitterseg­ mente (8) vorgesehen sind. 14. Tower structure according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that prefabricated, the shell segments ( 4 , 6 ) corresponding reinforcement grid elements ( 8 ) are provided. 15. Turmkonstruktion nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewehrungsgittersegmente (8) zur Positionierung zwischen den Schalen (3, 5) an die vorstehenden Verbindungsträgerelemente (12') anhängbar sind.15. Tower construction according to claim 14, characterized in that the reinforcement grid segments ( 8 ) for positioning between the shells ( 3 , 5 ) on the projecting connection support elements ( 12 ') can be attached. 16. Turmkonstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schalen (3, 5) über Stege miteinander verbunden sind.16. Tower structure according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the shells ( 3 , 5 ) are connected to one another via webs. 17. Turmkonstruktion nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Innenschale (5) Ringe (13) zur horizontalen Versteifung vorgesehen sind.17. Tower structure according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that on the inner shell ( 5 ) rings ( 13 ) are provided for horizontal stiffening.
DE19832921A 1998-07-22 1998-07-22 Tower construction esp. for wind power plant with metal outer and inner shells and concrete shell arranged between these also connecting carrying elements for forming carrying Ceased DE19832921A1 (en)

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