EP1431666B1 - Floor standing stove with mounting system - Google Patents

Abstract

The system is used to construct a basic oven with an air feed system, a combustion chamber and a hot gas extraction system, all of which are installed as permanently sealed relative to flue gas, whereby the air feed system is independent of air in the room and at least the combustion chamber and hot gas extraction system consist of metal, precious metal or alloys thereof. AN Independent claim is also included for the following: (a) a basic oven.

Description

The invention relates to a base furnace with supply air, a combustion chamber and a hot gas.

In basic furnaces, the combustion gases are passed over a long hot gas flue to the chimney, wherein the hot combustion gases heat the hot gas flue formed from a heat-storing material. Subsequently, the heat absorbed by the material is slowly released to the space in which the base furnace stands. In contrast to stoves whose heating effect is caused in particular by air circulation (air heating), the basic oven delivers radiant heat. The basic furnace is dimensioned according to the room situation at its place of installation according to the technical rules of the tiled stove and air heater construction industry including the chimney cross section. In the base furnace, a predetermined amount of wood is burned batchwise, with a wood batch is sufficient for at least 8 hours of heat release.

In today's modern, so-called. Low energy houses, with very good thermal insulation, the installation of a conventional stove with a heating power of, for example, 6 to 10 kW would be significantly oversized with the result that the amount of heat generated can not be dissipated and thus leads to an excessive room temperature. Base furnaces, which release the heat continuously over a longer period of time, on the other hand, with a correspondingly small total dimensioning, can create a pleasant room climate. The problem with today's modern low-energy houses with ventilation systems, preferably with room air heat recovery, is that in the living spaces a lower atmospheric Vacuum is created by the ventilation system. Thus, the operation of open fireplaces with a deduction of the combustion gases through a chimney can not be guaranteed. Accordingly, the fireplaces must be operated independently of the room air. The DIN 18897-1 designed for this purpose specifies the required test criteria.

Therefore, a room air-independent supply air duct with flue gas-tight combustion chamber has been proposed for stoves. The supply air is supplied independent of room air via a tight pipeline under normal atmospheric pressure of the outside air. The combustion chamber is formed smoke-tight and the combustion gases are also directed smoke-tight in the chimney, from which they pass through the train generated in the chimney into the open air.

However, previously known base furnaces, which are made of firebricks and / or soapstone brick, but can not guarantee the required tightness due to the temperature fluctuations occurring during operation and related expansions. By settling or expansion cracks combustion gases can escape into the living space due to the slight negative pressure in the living room.

Such base furnaces are also known in modular design, as known for example from DE 83 00 132.8 U1 or DE 84 06 321 U1. These basic furnaces consist of ceramic and / or chamotte moldings. However, there is also the problem with these base furnaces that cracks occur due to the temperature fluctuations and related expansions occurring during operation and the combustion gases passed through the base furnaces in the flue gas ducts can escape through a ventilation system into the living space, for example, supported by a slight negative pressure in the living space. In DE 84 06 321 U1 also a conventional Nachheizkasten of sheet steel on the smoke outlet connected to the base furnace connected. However, this Nachheizkasten is a convective heating element with which a hot air flow is generated for heating other rooms.

WO 01/94850 A1 describes a modular stove with an air supply, a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger and an exhaust system. The four modules are gas-tight and wiederabnehmbar superposed and braced between the first and fourth module with a flexible clamping connection. It is in the furnace according to WO 01/94850 A1 to a combustion furnace with forced air duct, which is to burn wood fiber pellets. In this case, air is supplied with a fan for combustion and as secondary air for the arranged above the combustion chamber heat exchanger. Through this air supply, there is an overpressure in the furnace, which increases the requirements for a seal of the individual modules.

It is an object of the invention to provide a base furnace, in which a smoke gas-tight operation is permanently possible.

This object is achieved with a base furnace according to claim 1.

The supply air duct, combustion chamber and Heizgaszug are built smoke-tight, wherein at least the combustion chamber and the Heizgaszug made of a heat-resistant and thermally conductive material. At least the combustion chamber and the heating gas train consists of gas-tight assembled elements made of metal, precious metal or alloys thereof, in particular in the form of steel sheets or stainless steel sheets. These elements form a building system as an inner, preferably room air independent system for supply air, combustion of the fuel and discharge of the hot gases. The components made of metal sheets can be durable even with strong temperature fluctuations, as they occur in ovens smoke gas tight, since the metallic materials react in contrast to ceramic and / or chamotte moldings sufficiently elastic to thermal stresses. On the other hand, the exterior of the building system is clad with fireclay bricks and / or soapstone. Preferably, the firebricks, ceramic elements and / or soapstone are joined together loosely around the building system. Thus, the heat output corresponds outwardly conventional base furnaces, whereas the building system forms a durable flue gas-tight additional inner shell.

Furthermore, on the fireclay and / or soapstone cover an outer shell with stove tiles or soapstone or corresponding chamotte plates that can be plastered, are constructed. This outer shell is created with an air gap of at least 1 cm in the conventional two-shell construction in the basic furnace construction to ensure a stretch buffer for the construction system with applied fireclay / soapstone. The outer shell is made in the usual Kachelofenbauerausführung by setting or walls with a special mortar. The heat generated in particular in the hot gas flue by the combustion gases is released by heat conduction to the firebricks and / or soapstone and discharged from them over long periods as radiant heat in the room.

In order to allow the most flexible possible construction of the basic furnace to adapt to the spatial conditions, it is advantageous if the construction system is designed like a module. Depending on the required performance of the base furnace and local conditions, different, possibly standardized modules can be combined with each other, whereby an adapted to the conditions, individual base furnace can be created. The standardized modules can be mass-produced cost-effectively in industrial quantities.

Characterized in that a supply air module for the supply air, a combustion chamber module for the combustion chamber and at least one train module are provided for the heating gas, a logical separation of the various functions of the basic furnace is taken into account in the construction system. The supply air module receives a tight connection to an air supply pipe, which can attract air at atmospheric pressure from the outside environment outside the building. The combustion chamber module receives a connection to the supply air module and includes a combustion chamber flap for supplying the fuel, in particular wood. The tensile module, which may also be designed in several parts, is attached to the combustion chamber module and directs the combustion gases to the chimney, which is also connected smoke-tight to the last flowed through train module.

If the modules have transitions to the supply air duct or heating gas duct, which can be connected with each other in a smoke gas tight manner, the entire air or heating gas duct can be made tight. Flanges with sealing surfaces, preferably additionally with sealing tapes to be applied or adhered, are preferably provided at the transitions for screw-gas-tight screwing. Preferably, the transition flanges are tapered with respect to the module dimensions, but the transitions have a sufficient cross section for the flue gas duct. Due to the tapered design of the flange, the sealing surface dimension is reduced so much that manufacturing tolerances and uneven stresses are easily absorbed by the flanges.

In particular, the provision of flange connections when assembling the modules at the site the required tightness at the transitions can be ensured without complex connections, such as by welding must be made on site. Thus, it is also possible to reduce a basic furnace after removing the firebricks or soapstone, to change in its heating power or to wait.

For supplying the fuel, in particular wood, into the base furnace, the combustion chamber module has a combustion chamber door with a smoke-tight closing device. The locking device ensures that the firebox door automatically, for example, acted upon by spring force closes, so one open firebox door is avoided because with open firebox door due to the low negative pressure in the living room flue gases can move into the living room. Preferably, the firebox door closing device is equipped with an automatic locking according to DE 101 01 246 C1, whereby a permanently smoke-tight firebox door is guaranteed even with a larger differential pressure between the living room and the combustion chamber.

If the train module has a gas channel which forms a long Heizgasweg by long longitudinal extent of the module and / or crooked arrangement in the train module, the most effective use of existing in the combustion gases heat energy is used for heating purposes. The train modules are clad with a mass adapted to the desired heating power of firebricks and / or soapstone.

Since soot particles are deposited in the region of the heating gas path in the traction modules, a smoke-gas-tight inspection opening is provided on the traction module. The inspection opening may preferably be circular in shape and have a screw cap, wherein the opening width should be sufficient for a manual intervention and for insertion of a vacuum cleaner.

The supply air module is preferably arranged below and a first tensile module is arranged above the combustion chamber module. In order for the usually supplied from below through a poured into the screed pipe outside air is passed with sealing connection in the supply air module and fed from there to the combustion chamber in the combustion chamber module. The rising in the combustion chamber combustion gases are inevitably directed into the overlying first train module. In the tensile module partitions are preferably arranged for the angular guidance of the fuel gas.

In this case, further tensile modules can be arranged above the first tensile module, which each of their hot gases at defined transfer points smoke gas tight to the overlying tensile modulus. The last in flue gas flow direction tensile module then contains a transition piece for smoke-gas-tight transfer of hot gases into the chimney.

Alternatively, a second tensile module is then laterally provided on the first tensile module, which extends over the entire height of the base furnace. This allows a more articulated and thus aesthetic, external shape can be achieved at the same time with very long Heizgaswegen.

Hereinafter, three embodiments of the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1

in räumlicher Ansicht ein zusammengefügtes Aufbausystem in einer ersten Ausführungsform.

Fig. 2

das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Aufbausystem als Drahtmodell,

Fig. 3

das in Fig. 2 gezeigte Aufbausystem als Explosionsdarstellung,

Fig. 4

eine Flanschverbindung zwischen den Modulen im Detail,

Fig. 5

eine Anordnung von Zugmodulen in einer zweiten Ausführungsform in räumlicher Ansicht,

Fig. 6

ein Drahtmodell in Explosionsdarstellung der Zugmodulanordnung gemäß Fig. 5,

Fig. 7

eine Ansicht eines Aufbausystems in einer dritten Ausführungsform und

Fig. 8

die in Fig. 7 dargestellte Ausführungsform des Aufbausystems in Seitenansicht, teils geschnitten.

It shows:

Fig. 1

in a spatial view an assembled construction system in a first embodiment.

Fig. 2

the construction system shown in Fig. 1 as a wire model,

Fig. 3

the construction system shown in Fig. 2 as an exploded view,

Fig. 4

a flange connection between the modules in detail,

Fig. 5

an arrangement of train modules in a second embodiment in a spatial view,

Fig. 6

an exploded wire model of the tensile module assembly of FIG. 5,

Fig. 7

a view of a construction system in a third embodiment and

Fig. 8

the embodiment of the building system shown in Fig. 7 in side view, partly cut.

Fig. 1 shows a spatial view of a construction system for a basic furnace in a first embodiment. The construction system consists of four modules made of sheet steel, namely a supply air module 1, a combustion chamber module 2 and two train modules 31 and 32nd

The supply air module 1 is formed in the illustrated embodiment, in particular the exploded view of FIG. 3, trough-shaped. The underside forms a rectangular base plate 11 to which four plates (back and side surfaces) 12, 13 are welded vertically and form the cuboidal trough. Preferably, in the back 13 of the supply air module 1, a supply air opening 14 is arranged with a Ansetzstutzen 15. On the upper edge of the spanned by the side surfaces 12 and back 13 trough shape, a connecting flange 16 is provided.

The combustion chamber module 2 has on its underside a matching flange 16 of the Zuluftmoduls 1 Verbindungsflansch 26. Overall, the combustion chamber 2 is formed as a top open cuboid shape, the underside of the combustion chamber 2 forms a combustion chamber 21, which is suitable for optimum combustion openings arranged for feeding of fresh air from the supply air module 1 has. On the firebox floor 21, two closed side walls 22, a closed rear wall 23 and a front panel 24 are constructed. In the front panel 24, an opening 25 is recessed with mounting flange for attaching a firebox door. In Figs. 1 to 3, the furnace door is not shown. At the opening 25 with mounting flange, for example, a firebox revolving door with automatically locking door closing device according to DE 101 01 246 C1 can be attached.

The upper edge of the combustion chamber module 2 in turn has a connecting flange 27 on which a cuboid first tensile modulus 31 can be placed. Accordingly, the first tensile modulus 31 has a connection flange 317 which is suitable for the connection flange 27 of the combustion chamber module 2.

The cuboid first tensile modulus 31 is substantially closed. On its underside there is a base plate 311 with an opening 312 for introducing the combustion gases from the combustion chamber module 2 arranged therebelow. On the base plate 311, a closed front and rear wall 313, 313, a left side wall 314 and a right side wall 316 are arranged. In the left side wall 314, a circular inspection opening 315 is inserted with a screw cap. The right side wall 316 has an opening 319 with a connecting flange 318 for the forwarding of the hot gases. Within the cuboid train module 31, a baffle 310 is used to obtain a winding and thus longer Heizgasweg.

The second tension module 32 has a substantially L-shape, wherein in the long leg two separated by a partition wall 320 Heizgaskanäle 321, 322 and in the short leg another, subsequent to the second Heizgaskanal 322 third Heizgaskanal 323 are arranged. To the connecting flange 318 of the first tension module 31, a matching connecting flange 328 is arranged in the region of the inner bend of the L-shaped second tension module 32. In the local Zugmodulwand a leading into the first Heizgaskanal 321 opening 324 is arranged. At the opposite, lower end of the Heizgaskanals 321, an opening 325 is provided in the partition wall 320, which conduct the hot gases from the first Heizgaskanal 321 in the second Heizgaskanal 322. The second heating gas channel 322 passes directly into the third heating gas channel 323. At the end of the third Heizgaskanals 323, a rearwardly oriented opening 326 is arranged with a nozzle 327. At the lower end of the L-shaped second tension module 32 is a revision opening 329 also provided with a smoke gas-tight screw cap.

In Fig. 4 is a detailed view of a flange connection is shown. The reproduced in Fig. 4 detail view shows the flange connection between the combustion chamber module 2 and the first train module 31, as indicated in Fig. 1 with IV. The flange connections of the other module transitions are designed accordingly.

In Fig. 4, the upper part of the combustion chamber module 2 is shown in detail below. In addition, a lower portion of the first train module 31 is shown in section. The combustion chamber module 2 has at its upper edge a connecting flange 27, the upper edge of which forms a horizontal sealing surface 271. On this sealing surface, a self-adhesive sealing tape 272 is placed closed peripherally. Further, in the connecting flange 27, a plurality of bores 273 are provided for screw connection with the corresponding connecting flange 317 of the first tension module 31. When screwing the connecting flanges 27 and 318, the sealing tape is squeezed on the sealing surfaces 271 and created a smoke gas-tight connection at the module transition.

The construction system shown in Fig. 1 in the assembled state is thus completely disconnected from the living space atmosphere after dense connection of the ambient air fresh air supply to Zuluftmodul 1 at the local nozzle 15 and flue gas-tight connection of the nozzle 327 at the chimney. The combustion in the combustion chamber module 2 is thus completely room air independent. Even with a prevailing in the living room low negative pressure compared to the pressure conditions in the construction system can reach no flue gases in the living room.

To illustrate the Heizgasweges in the construction system according to the first embodiment, the Heizgasweg X is shown in dashed line with flow direction (arrow) in Fig. 2 in a wireframe representation. By burning fresh air from the supply air module 1 in the combustion chamber 2 wood combustion or heating gases formed from the combustion chamber via the opening 312 in the module transition with the flange 27, 317 in the first train module 31 and there around the baffle 310 linksermere to the opening 319th flowing at the connecting flange 318, where the hot gases enter the second tensile module 32 through the opening 324 in the first Heizgaskanal 321, down there flow down to the opening 325 in the partition wall 320 and in the second Heizgaskanal 322 and then the third Heizgaskanal 323 to the opening 326, in order to get there via nozzle 327 in the chimney, not shown.

In Fig. 5, a tensile modulus 3 is shown in a further Aüsführungsbeispiel in a spatial view. For the description of the first embodiment, functionally identical components are designated by the same reference numerals.

The tensile module 3 consists of three superimposed, substantially the same design modules. The three combined in the train module 3 modules are traversed from bottom to top of the hot gases. The two first traversed by train modules are identical and are referred to as Durchgangszugmodul 33. The last traversed in the flow direction of the combustion gases train module is referred to as final train module 34.

The cuboid tensile modules 33, 34 have a base plate 311 with two openings 312 arranged on a longitudinal side near the two corners. On this base plate 311, four closed walls 313 are welded in the passage train modules 33. The top 311 'corresponds to the Durchgangszugmodulen 33 of the base plate 311, wherein the openings 312 'are arranged in mirror image to the openings 312 of the base plate 311, as shown in FIG. 6 can be seen. In order to extend the path of the flue gases between the openings 312, 312 ', baffles 310 are provided. When the passage module 33 is stacked on top of each other, the respectively following module is placed rotated by 180 ° about its vertical axis. This corresponds to the respective openings 312, 312 'to each other to ensure proper flue gas removal.

The final tension module 34 differs in that the top of the module is formed as a completely closed cover plate 311 '. On the rear wall 313 'of the final train module 34, however, an opening 326 is arranged with a nozzle 327 for connection to the chimney. The opening 326 is oriented opposite the openings 312 in the base plate 311. Also in the final train module 34 baffles 310 are provided to extend the Heizgasweges.

In Figs. 7 and 8, a third embodiment of the invention is shown. Similar components are provided with the same reference numerals. In contrast to the two aforementioned embodiments, here the flange transitions are tapered from module to module, that is, smaller than the corresponding module dimension.

In Fig. 7 a designed as a combined supply air and combustion chamber module 4 is shown. The supply air and combustion chamber module 4 has a connecting piece 15 designed as a supply air opening 14 for connecting the room air-independent supply air. The upper part of the supply air and combustion chamber module 4 includes the combustion chamber 41, which is equipped by an automatically closing trained firebox door 42 with automatic firebox door lock. The furnace door 42 is formed smoke-tight in the locked closed position.

Above the supply air and combustion chamber module 4, a first tensile modulus 31 is represented by a connecting flange 27 or 317, which is strongly tapered in cross-section with respect to the module, with a seal inserted between the sealing surfaces. The first tension module 31 has an inspection opening 319, as also shown in FIG. 8 in the side view.

A second tensile module 32 connects to the first tensile module 31 downstream of the flue gas duct via a flange connection 318, 328. The second tension module 32 has substantially in the view of FIG. 7 vertically extending, inverted L-shape. It is similarly equipped as the second train module 32 according to the first embodiment, see in particular Fig. 2 and the associated description.

The construction of a basic furnace with a building system will be described below.

For the local conditions at the installation site of the basic furnace, the required modules are selected first. In particular, the Heizgasweg formed by the train modules is tuned to the desired heating behavior of the basic furnace. The required modules are then delivered individually and built on site starting with the supply air module 1. Attention is paid to a gas-tight connection of the supply air nozzle 1 5 provided in the building supply air pipe. On the connecting flange 16, a sealing tape is placed and the combustion chamber module 2 is placed with its connecting flange 26 and screwed gas-tight. Subsequently, the required train modules 3 are also mounted by inserting sealing strips to the flange and created by the last train module a smoke-gas tight connection by means of pipe 327 to the chimney.

Subsequently, prefabricated chamotte or soapstone are loosely applied in the area of the combustion chamber module 2 and the train modules 3 on the steel sheet surface. The choice of material and material thickness influence the heat storage behavior and match it to the specifications.

Subsequently, an outer shell of stove tiles, soapstone or chamotte plates is set in the usual furnace design. The blocks are bricked up with a known special mortar to form a stable outer shell. Between the building system covered with firebricks or soapstone and the outer shell, an air gap is released, which serves exclusively as an expansion buffer and not for air circulation.

In this two-shell design is further ensured that arranged on the front panel 24 of the combustion chamber module 2 combustion chamber door passes through the outer shell and is enclosed there. Likewise, the inspection openings 325, 329 are formed so that access from the outside is possible.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

supply air module

11

baseplate

12

side surface

13

back

14

air intake opening

15

Support

16

connecting flange

2

Combustion chamber module

21

Firebox floor

22

Side wall

23

rear wall

24

front panel

25

opening

26

connecting flange

27

connecting flange

271

sealing surface

272

sealing tape

273

drilling

3

tensile modulus

31

first train module

310

baffle

311

baseplate

311 '

top

311 '

cover plate

312

opening

312 '

opening

313

Front / rear wall

313 '

rear wall

314

Left sidewall

315

inspection opening

316

Right side wall

317

connecting flange

318

connecting flange

319

opening

32

second train module

320

partition wall

321

gas duct

322

gas duct

323

gas duct

324

opening

325

opening

326

opening

327

Support

328

connecting flange

329

inspection opening

33

Durchgangszugmodul

34

Abschlußzugmodul

4

Supply air and combustion chamber module

41

combustion chamber

42

Fire door

X

heating-gas

Claims (7)

1. A floor-standing stove having an incoming air conduit (1), a furnace chamber (2) and a fuel gas flue (3), the floor-standing stove having a modular building-block system forming the incoming air conduit (1), the furnace chamber (2) and the fuel gas flue (3) and the furnace chamber (2) and the fuel gas flue (3) comprising elements of metal, noble metal or alloys thereof, which are assembled in flue-gas-tight manner, and the modular building-block system having transition regions to the incoming air conduit and to the fuel gas conduit, which are connected together in flue-gas-tight manner, characterised in that the modular building-block system is covered with a heat storage layer, preferably of firebricks and/or soapstones, and in that the incoming air conduit (1) is independent of the ambient air.
2. A floor-standing stove according to Claim 1, characterised in that the building-block system has an incoming air module (1) for the incoming air conduit, a furnace chamber module (2) for the furnace chamber and at least one flue module (3) for the fuel gas flue.
3. A floor-standing stove according to Claim 2, characterised in that , at the transition regions of the modules, flanges (16, 26, 27, 317, 318, 328) having sealing faces (271), preferably additionally with sealing strips (272) applied or affixed, are provided for a flue-gas-tight screw connection.
4. A floor-standing stove according to one of Claims 2 and 3, characterised in that the furnace chamber module (2) has a furnace door (42) with a flue-gas-tight closing device.
5. A floor-standing stove according to Claim 4, characterised in that the furnace door (42) is constructed to close automatically and has an automatic furnace door lock.
6. A floor-standing stove according to one of Claims 2 to 5, characterised in that the flue module (3) has a gas channel (321, 322, 323) which forms a long fuel gas path through a large longitudinal extent of the module and/or an angled arrangement in the flue module (3).
7. A floor-standing stove according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the heat storage layer is covered with a, preferably brick-lined, outer cover of stove tiles, soapstone plates and/or fireclay plates.

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