EP1429084A1 - Radiator with integrated electrical supplementary heater - Google Patents

Radiator with integrated electrical supplementary heater Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1429084A1
EP1429084A1 EP02293059A EP02293059A EP1429084A1 EP 1429084 A1 EP1429084 A1 EP 1429084A1 EP 02293059 A EP02293059 A EP 02293059A EP 02293059 A EP02293059 A EP 02293059A EP 1429084 A1 EP1429084 A1 EP 1429084A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
tubes
radiator
ribs
heating elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02293059A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Micher Brun
Christophe Schmittheisler
Pascal Miss
Gregory Lucas
Yannick Laumonnerie
Mathieu Mougey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle Behr France Rouffach SAS
Original Assignee
Behr France Hambach SARL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Behr France Hambach SARL filed Critical Behr France Hambach SARL
Priority to EP02293059A priority Critical patent/EP1429084A1/en
Publication of EP1429084A1 publication Critical patent/EP1429084A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00Air heaters
    • F24H3/02Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429For vehicles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00Air heaters
    • F24H3/02Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00Air heaters
    • F24H3/02Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/04Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
    • F24H3/0405Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
    • F24H3/0429For vehicles
    • F24H3/0435Structures comprising heat spreading elements in the form of fins
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/18Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1863Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F24H9/1872PTC
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F28F1/325Fins with openings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radiator for motor vehicle heating or Air conditioners with integrated electric auxiliary heating after the The preamble of claim 1, known from EP-B 0 707 434.
  • a brazed flat tube system is relatively expensive to manufacture connected, but also a mechanically joined flat tube system is in In view of the manufacturing process problematic, since flat-oval Tubes, on the one hand, have a good heat-conducting contact with the ribs have and on the other hand have to be close to the tube sheet, not expand evenly. Thus, the mechanical joining of flat oval tubes with ribs and tubesheets are costly.
  • the round tubes and the round heating cartridges mechanically with the ribs to a block connected are therefore preferably opposite to passages in widened the ribs;
  • the round cartridges are also by a Press fit connected to the ribs, allowing a good heat conduction results.
  • the heating cartridges from a metallic shell, preferably from an aluminum alloy surrounded, whereby the heat conduction is still improved.
  • the Round tubes and the heating cartridges each arranged in rows, with a Heating cartridge with a round tube aligned or staggered can. It is particularly advantageous if the row with the heating cartridges on the air outlet side of the radiator is arranged, as a result optimum heating of the air, that is, a maximum Zuloom Sign achieved becomes. On the other hand, it may also be beneficial to the series of heating cartridges on the air intake side or between two rows of round tubes to arrange.
  • the invention are in the round Cartridge heaters arranged PTC elements that are electrically conductive with each other are connected and powered by the electrical system.
  • the advantage here is the Temperature-dependent self-regulation of the PTC resistors.
  • the radiator in mechanically joined round tube construction can be produced inexpensively can and secondly that an electric booster heater so far special can be inexpensively integrated into this round tube heater than just the hole pattern of the ribs around a row for the also round Cartridge heaters is extended, that is, there are no additional Punching tools required.
  • the assembly of the Heating cartridges so far simple and therefore inexpensive, because they are right after the expansion of the round tubes against the ribs, that is after the Production of the heat exchanger block can be done.
  • Fig. 1 shows a heating element as a heating element 1, which is designed as a round rod, that is with a circular cross-section.
  • the heating cartridge 1 has a metallic shell 2, which is preferably made of an aluminum alloy. Inside the shell 2 are - shown in dashed lines - plate-shaped heating elements, that is preferably PTC elements 3 are arranged and electrically connected in a manner not shown by a plus and minus conductors.
  • the jacket 2 is closed at the top by a circular end face 4, from which two contact tongues 5, 6 emerge, which are connected to the plus or minus conductors inside the heating cartridge 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows an alternative to Fig. 1, namely a round heating cartridge 7 with a circular end face 8, from which a contact tongue 9 emerges. Inside the heating element 7 are again formed as PTC plates 3 heating elements. The positive conductor, not shown, connected to these PTC elements 3 is connected to the contact tongue 9. The negative conductor, also not shown, connected to the PTC elements 3 is connected to the metallic shell 2, which thus forms the negative pole 10 of the heating element 7.
  • FIG. 3 shows an incompletely illustrated radiator 11 with a tube / fin or heat exchanger block 12, which is closed on its underside by a bottom plate 13.
  • This heat exchanger block 12 is constructed in a conventional manner from round tubes and flat ribs, wherein the tubes are inserted through openings in the ribs and expanded relative to the ribs.
  • the tubes are formed as U-tubes 14, which emerge with their Umlenkbögen 14 a from the bottom plate 13.
  • the U-tubes or pipe forks 14 thus form two rows of tubes, which are flowed through by coolant.
  • a third row of tubes is formed by heating cartridges 15, which are formed according to FIG. 1 and protrude from the bottom plate 13 with the end at which the contact tongues are located.
  • the contact tongues which are not recognizable here, are covered by a contact rail 16, which functions as a hunt group for the entire row of heating cartridges 15.
  • This hunt group 16 can either be bipolar - as in the embodiment of FIG. 1 - or single pole - according to embodiment of FIG. 2 - in this case, the negative terminal would be connected via the ribs of the heat exchanger block with the mass of the motor vehicle, which is not shown ,
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross section through a double row radiator whose heat exchanger block consists of flat ribs 17, a first row of round tubes 18 and a second row of round heating rods or heating cartridges 19, wherein the circular cross sections of the round tubes and the heating cartridges are the same.
  • the round tubes 18, through which the coolant flows are connected to the ribs 17 by mechanical expansion, so that a press fit results.
  • the radiator block is traversed by air in the direction of an arrow 20, that is, the air strikes first on the round tubes 18 and then on the here offset heating cartridges 19.
  • This arrangement of the heating cartridges 19 on the air outlet side has a better heating of the air result, as the heated air passes directly into the vehicle interior, not shown, where it causes heating.
  • Other constellations with several rows of round tubes, aligned round tubes and heating cartridges or an arrangement of the heating cartridges on the air inlet side or between two rows of round tubes are also possible.
  • Fig. 4a shows a section along the section line AA in Fig. 4.
  • the heating cartridge 19 is mechanically connected to the rib block consisting of a plurality of ribs 17, that is, it sits with a corresponding interference fit in openings of the ribs 17, so that a good thermal contact results and the heat generated by the heating cartridges 19 can flow through the jacket into the ribs 17.
  • FIG. 4b shows a cross section through a further embodiment of a double-row radiator whose ribs have slots 101, wherein the slots 101 thermally decouple the round tubes 18 from the heating cartridges 19, whereby a temperature difference arises between the coolant tubes 18 and the heating cartridges 19.
  • the heating cartridges mainly heat the air for the vehicle interior and not the coolant in the coolant tubes 18th
  • Fig. 4c shows a section along the section line BB in Fig. 4b.
  • FIG. 5 shows a three-row radiator block in cross-section with a rib 21, a first row of round tubes 22, a second row of heating cartridges 23 and a third row of round tubes 24, the air flow direction being indicated by an arrow 25.
  • This configuration has the advantage that the expansion of the round tubes 22 and 24, that is, the two outer rows results in a solid heat exchanger block, in which then the heating cartridges 23 are used in the middle. So this block has a greater stability and can be easier to assemble or paste.
  • Fig. 6 shows a view of a radiator block 26 having a first row of round tubes 27 and a second row of dashed heating cartridges 28.
  • the end faces of the heating cartridges 28 are covered by a box-shaped collecting port 29, the electric heating cartridges 28 in a manner not shown here interconnected and having an outer plug 30 for the power supply.
  • the collecting port 29 is connected via two clips 31, 32 with the radiator. This results in a ready-to-install unit of a round tubular heater 26 with electric auxiliary heater.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A heating unit has a heat exchanger block made up from pipes (18), through which a coolant flows, and ribs (17) that link to the pipes to conduct heat and have air flowing over them. A supplementary heater has single electrical heating elements (19) that take the shape of tubes/pipes and link to the ribs to conduct heat.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Heizkörper für Kraftfahrzeug- Heizungs- oder Klimaanlagen mit integrierter elektrischer Zusatzheizung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1, bekannt durch die EP-B 0 707 434.The invention relates to a radiator for motor vehicle heating or Air conditioners with integrated electric auxiliary heating after the The preamble of claim 1, known from EP-B 0 707 434.

Kraftfahrzeuge mit verbrauchsoptimierten Motoren, zum Beispiel Dieselmotoren, benötigen heute meistens eine Zusatzheizung, um die auf Grund des hohen thermischen Wirkungsgrades fehlende Heizleistung zu kompensieren. Bei diesen Zusatzheizungen, beziehungsweise sogenannten Zuheizern haben sich insbesondere elektrische Heizungen durchgesetzt, die ihre Heizleistung aus dem Bordnetz des Kraftfahrzeuges beziehen. Zu unterscheiden sind dabei reine Zuheizer mit elektrischer Widerstandsheizung und integrierte Systeme, bei denen die elektrische Zusatzheizung in den Heizkörper einer Heizungsanlage integriert ist.Motor vehicles with consumption-optimized engines, for example Diesel engines, most of the time require additional heating in order to keep them up Due to the high thermal efficiency missing heating power too compensate. In these additional heaters, or so-called Reheaters have prevailed in particular electric heaters, the relate their heating power from the electrical system of the motor vehicle. To differentiate are pure heaters with electrical resistance heating and integrated systems in which the electrical auxiliary heating in the Radiator of a heating system is integrated.

Durch die DE-A 199 11 547 und die DE-A 199 57 452 wurden solche reinen Zuheizer bekannt, welche aus einem Register von Heizelementen bestehen, welche von Umgebungsluft überströmt, erwärmt und dann in den Fahrzeuginnenraum geleitet werden. Die Erwärmung der Luft erfolgt über elektrisch beheizte PTC-Elemente, die bei steigender Temperatur ihren Widerstand erhöhen und somit selbstregelnd sind. Derartige Heizregister bedeuten ein zusätzliches Teil, welches in der Heizungsanlage untergebracht werden muß.By DE-A 199 11 547 and DE-A 199 57 452 were such pure Heater known, which consist of a register of heating elements, which is overflowed by ambient air, heated and then in the Vehicle interior are routed. The heating of the air takes place over electrically heated PTC elements, which increase their temperature Increase resistance and thus are self-regulating. Such heating registers mean an additional part, which housed in the heating system must become.

Man hat daher vorgeschlagen - wie durch die DE-A 44 33 814 bekannt wurde - die elektrischen Heizelemente rohrförmig auszubilden und in einen Heizkörper zu integrieren, wobei die Heizelemente innen von Kühlmittel durchströmt und von außen durch PTC-Elemente beheizt werden. Durch diese Lösung ergibt sich nicht nur eine Zusatzheizung, sondern auch eine Vorwärmung des Kühlmittels in der Warmlaufphase.It has therefore been proposed - as known from DE-A 44 33 814 was - form the electric heating elements tubular and in one Integrate radiator, with the heating elements inside of coolant flows through and heated from the outside by PTC elements. By This solution results not only in additional heating, but also in one Preheating the coolant in the warm-up phase.

Nach der DE-A 198 35 229 wurde ein integriertes System bekannt, bei dem die Heizelemente nicht vom Kühlmittel durchströmt sind - es handelt sich vielmehr um "Blindrohre", die ihre Wärme nur nach außen an Rippen des Wärmetauscherblockes abgeben und somit nur die Luft erwärmen. Nachteilig bei diesen integrierten Zusatzheizungen ist, dass der Wärmetauscherblock, bestehend aus Flachrohren und Wellrippen, zunächst gelötet wird und dass im Anschluss an den Lötprozess die Heizelemente in entsprechende Lücken des Wärmetauscherblockes eingesetzt werden.According to DE-A 198 35 229 an integrated system was known in which the heating elements are not flowed through by the coolant - it is Rather, it involves "blind tubes" that only heat their outward ribs to the outside Give heat exchanger block and thus only heat the air. adversely with these integrated booster heaters, the heat exchanger block, consisting of flat tubes and corrugated fins, is first soldered and that Following the soldering process, the heating elements in corresponding gaps of the heat exchanger block are used.

Durch die EP-B 0 707 434 wurde ein Heizkörper mit einer integrierten elektrischen Zusatzheizung in Form von PTC-Heizrohren bekannt, und zwar mit einem Rohr-Rippen- beziehungsweise Wärmetauscherblock, der sowohl gelötet als auch mechanisch gefügt ist. Mechanisch gefügt heißt in diesem Fall, dass Rohre und Rippen des Heizkörpers - ohne Löten - zu einem in sich festen Block gefügt werden, zum Beispiel durch Aufweiten der Rohre innerhalb von Öffnungen in den Rippen. Bei dieser Zusatzheizung sind die Heizrohre als Flachrohre beziehungsweise flachovale Rohre ausgebildet, das heißt mit einem länglichen Querschnitt, in welchem ebenfalls flach ausgebildete PTC-Heizelemente mittels eines Kunststoffrahmens angeordnet sind. Ein gelötetes Flachrohrsystem ist mit relativ hohen Fertigungskosten verbunden, aber auch ein mechanisch gefügtes Flachrohrsystem ist im Hinblick auf den Herstellungsprozess problematisch, da sich flachovale Rohre, die einerseits einen guten wärmeleitenden Kontakt mit den Rippen haben und andererseits dicht gegenüber dem Rohrboden sein müssen, nicht gleichmäßig aufweiten lassen. Somit ist auch das mechanische Fügen von flachovalen Rohren mit Rippen und Rohrböden kostenaufwendig.By EP-B 0 707 434 a radiator with an integrated electric auxiliary heating in the form of PTC heating pipes known, and indeed with a tube-fin or heat exchanger block, both soldered and mechanically joined. Mechanically joined means in this Case that pipes and ribs of the radiator - without soldering - to an in be joined to solid block, for example, by expanding the tubes within openings in the ribs. In this additional heater are the Heating tubes designed as flat tubes or flat oval tubes, the is called with an elongated cross-section, in which also flat trained PTC heating elements arranged by means of a plastic frame are. A brazed flat tube system is relatively expensive to manufacture connected, but also a mechanically joined flat tube system is in In view of the manufacturing process problematic, since flat-oval Tubes, on the one hand, have a good heat-conducting contact with the ribs have and on the other hand have to be close to the tube sheet, not expand evenly. Thus, the mechanical joining of flat oval tubes with ribs and tubesheets are costly.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die Herstellungskosten für einen Heizkörper der eingangs genannten Art zu senken und gleichzeitig eine wirksame Zusatzheizung beizubehalten.It is an object of the present invention, the production cost of a Lower radiator of the type mentioned and at the same time a maintain effective auxiliary heating.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1. Demnach sind die vom Kühlmittel durchströmten Rohre des Heizkörpers als Rundrohre und die Heizelemente als runde Stäbe bzw. Heizpatronen ausgebildet - Rohre und Heizelemente weisen somit den selben kreisförmigen Querschnitt auf. Damit sind auch die Öffnungen beziehungsweise Durchzüge in den Rippen gleich, was die Herstellungskosten senkt.The solution to this problem arises from the characteristics of Claim 1. Accordingly, the flowed through by the coolant pipes of the radiator as round tubes and the heating elements as round rods or Heating cartridges formed - pipes and heating elements thus have the same circular cross section. So are the openings or passages in the ribs equal what the Lowers production costs.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Rundrohre und die runden Heizpatronen mechanisch mit den Rippen zu einem Block verbunden, die Rundrohre sind also vorzugsweise gegenüber Durchzügen in den Rippen aufgeweitet; die runden Heizpatronen sind ebenfalls durch einen Presssitz mit den Rippen verbunden, so dass sich eine gute Wärmeleitung ergibt.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the round tubes and the round heating cartridges mechanically with the ribs to a block connected, the round tubes are therefore preferably opposite to passages in widened the ribs; The round cartridges are also by a Press fit connected to the ribs, allowing a good heat conduction results.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Heizpatronen von einem metallischen Mantel, vorzugsweise aus einer Aluminiumlegierung umgeben, wodurch die Wärmeleitung noch verbessert wird.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the heating cartridges from a metallic shell, preferably from an aluminum alloy surrounded, whereby the heat conduction is still improved.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Rundrohre und die Heizpatronen jeweils in Reihen angeordnet, wobei eine Heizpatrone mit einem Rundrohr fluchten oder versetzt angeordnet sein kann. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Reihe mit den Heizpatronen auf der Luftaustrittsseite des Heizkörpers angeordnet ist, da hierdurch eine optimale Erwärmung der Luft, das heißt eine maximale Zuheizwirkung erzielt wird. Andererseits kann es auch von Vorteil sein, die Reihe der Heizpatronen auf der Lufteintrittsseite oder zwischen zwei Reihen von Rundrohren anzuordnen. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the Round tubes and the heating cartridges each arranged in rows, with a Heating cartridge with a round tube aligned or staggered can. It is particularly advantageous if the row with the heating cartridges on the air outlet side of the radiator is arranged, as a result optimum heating of the air, that is, a maximum Zuheizwirkung achieved becomes. On the other hand, it may also be beneficial to the series of heating cartridges on the air intake side or between two rows of round tubes to arrange.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung sind in den runden Heizpatronen PTC-Elemente angeordnet, die elektrisch leitend miteinander verbunden sind und vom Bordnetz versorgt werden. Vorteilhaft ist hierbei die temperaturabhängige Selbstregelung der PTC-Widerstände.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention are in the round Cartridge heaters arranged PTC elements that are electrically conductive with each other are connected and powered by the electrical system. The advantage here is the Temperature-dependent self-regulation of the PTC resistors.

Zusammenfassend ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass erstens der Heizkörper in mechanisch gefügter Rundrohrbauweise kostengünstig hergestellt werden kann und dass zweitens eine elektrische Zusatzheizung insofern besonders kostengünstig in diesen Rundrohrheizkörper integriert werden kann, als lediglich das Lochbild der Rippen um eine Reihe für die ebenfalls runden Heizpatronen erweitert wird, das heißt, es sind keine zusätzlichen Lochstanzwerkzeuge erforderlich. Darüber hinaus ist die Montage der Heizpatronen insofern einfach und damit kostengünstig, weil sie direkt nach dem Aufweiten der Rundrohre gegenüber den Rippen, das heißt nach der Herstellung des Wärmetauscherblockes erfolgen kann.In summary, there is the advantage that, first, the radiator in mechanically joined round tube construction can be produced inexpensively can and secondly that an electric booster heater so far special can be inexpensively integrated into this round tube heater than just the hole pattern of the ribs around a row for the also round Cartridge heaters is extended, that is, there are no additional Punching tools required. In addition, the assembly of the Heating cartridges so far simple and therefore inexpensive, because they are right after the expansion of the round tubes against the ribs, that is after the Production of the heat exchanger block can be done.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im Folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine runde Heizpatrone mit zwei Kontaktzungen,
Fig. 2
eine runde Heizpatrone mit einer Kontaktzunge,
Fig. 3
einen Heizkörperblock,
Fig. 4
einen Querschnitt durch einen Heizkörperblock,
Fig. 4a
einen Längsschnitt entlang der Linie A - A in Fig. 4,
Fig. 4b
einen Querschnitt durch einen Heizkörperblock,
Fig. 4c
einen Längsschnitt entlang der Linie B - B in Fig. 4b,
Fig. 5
einen Querschnitt durch einen dreireihigen Heizkörperblock und
Fig.6
eine Draufsicht auf einen Heizkörperblock mit elektrischem Sammelanschluss.
Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. Show it
Fig. 1
a round heating cartridge with two contact tongues,
Fig. 2
a round heating cartridge with a contact tongue,
Fig. 3
a radiator block,
Fig. 4
a cross section through a radiator block,
Fig. 4a
a longitudinal section along the line A - A in Fig. 4,
Fig. 4b
a cross section through a radiator block,
Fig. 4c
a longitudinal section along the line B - B in Fig. 4b,
Fig. 5
a cross section through a three-row radiator block and
Figure 6
a plan view of a radiator block with electrical hunt.

Fig. 1 zeigt als Heizelement eine Heizpatrone 1, welche als runder Stab, das heißt mit einem kreisförmigen Querschnitt ausgebildet ist. Die Heizpatrone 1 weist einen metallischen Mantel 2 auf, der vorzugsweise aus einer Aluminiumlegierung hergestellt ist. Im Inneren des Mantels 2 sind - gestrichelt dargestellt - plattenförmige Heizelemente, das heißt vorzugsweise PTC-Elemente 3 angeordnet und in nicht dargestellter Weise elektrisch durch einen Plus- und Minusleiter miteinander verbunden. Der Mantel 2 ist nach oben durch eine kreisförmige Stirnfläche 4 abgeschlossen, aus welcher zwei Kontaktzungen 5, 6 heraustreten, die mit den Plus- beziehungsweise Minusleitern im Inneren der Heizpatrone 1 verbunden sind. Fig. 1 shows a heating element as a heating element 1, which is designed as a round rod, that is with a circular cross-section. The heating cartridge 1 has a metallic shell 2, which is preferably made of an aluminum alloy. Inside the shell 2 are - shown in dashed lines - plate-shaped heating elements, that is preferably PTC elements 3 are arranged and electrically connected in a manner not shown by a plus and minus conductors. The jacket 2 is closed at the top by a circular end face 4, from which two contact tongues 5, 6 emerge, which are connected to the plus or minus conductors inside the heating cartridge 1.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine Alternative zu Fig. 1, nämlich eine runde Heizpatrone 7 mit einer kreisförmigen Stirnfläche 8, aus welcher eine Kontaktzunge 9 heraustritt. Im Inneren der Heizpatrone 7 befinden sich wiederum als PTC-Platten 3 ausgebildete Heizelemente. Der mit diesen PTC-Elementen 3 verbundene, nicht dargestellte Plusleiter ist mit der Kontaktzunge 9 verbunden. Der ebenfalls nicht dargestellte, mit den PTC-Elementen 3 verbundene Minusleiter ist mit dem metallischen Mantel 2 verbunden, der somit den Minuspol 10 der Heizpatrone 7 bildet. Fig. 2 shows an alternative to Fig. 1, namely a round heating cartridge 7 with a circular end face 8, from which a contact tongue 9 emerges. Inside the heating element 7 are again formed as PTC plates 3 heating elements. The positive conductor, not shown, connected to these PTC elements 3 is connected to the contact tongue 9. The negative conductor, also not shown, connected to the PTC elements 3 is connected to the metallic shell 2, which thus forms the negative pole 10 of the heating element 7.

Fig. 3 zeigt einen unvollständig dargestellten Heizkörper 11 mit einem Rohr/Rippen- beziehungsweise Wärmetauscherblock 12, der an seiner Unterseite durch eine Bodenplatte 13 abgeschlossen ist. Dieser Wärmetauscherblock 12 ist in an sich bekannter Weise aus Rundrohren und ebenen Rippen aufgebaut, wobei die Rohre durch Öffnungen in den Rippen gesteckt und gegenüber den Rippen aufgeweitet sind. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Rohre als U-Rohre 14 ausgebildet, die mit ihren Umlenkbögen 14a aus der Bodenplatte 13 heraustreten. Die U-Rohre beziehungsweise Rohrgabeln 14 bilden somit zwei Rohrreihen, die von Kühlmittel durchströmt werden. Eine dritte Rohrreihe wird durch Heizpatronen 15 gebildet, die entsprechend Fig. 1 ausgebildet sind und mit dem Ende, an dem sich die Kontaktzungen befinden, aus der Bodenplatte 13 hervorragen. Die hier nicht erkennbaren Kontaktzungen sind von einer Kontaktschiene 16 verdeckt, die als Sammelanschluss für die gesamte Reihe der Heizpatronen 15 fungiert. Dieser Sammelanschluss 16 kann entweder zweipolig sein - wie im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 - oder einpolig - gemäß Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 - in diesem Falle würde der Minuspol über die Rippen des Wärmetauscherblockes mit der Masse des Kraftfahrzeuges verbunden sein, was jedoch nicht dargestellt ist. FIG. 3 shows an incompletely illustrated radiator 11 with a tube / fin or heat exchanger block 12, which is closed on its underside by a bottom plate 13. This heat exchanger block 12 is constructed in a conventional manner from round tubes and flat ribs, wherein the tubes are inserted through openings in the ribs and expanded relative to the ribs. In this embodiment, the tubes are formed as U-tubes 14, which emerge with their Umlenkbögen 14 a from the bottom plate 13. The U-tubes or pipe forks 14 thus form two rows of tubes, which are flowed through by coolant. A third row of tubes is formed by heating cartridges 15, which are formed according to FIG. 1 and protrude from the bottom plate 13 with the end at which the contact tongues are located. The contact tongues, which are not recognizable here, are covered by a contact rail 16, which functions as a hunt group for the entire row of heating cartridges 15. This hunt group 16 can either be bipolar - as in the embodiment of FIG. 1 - or single pole - according to embodiment of FIG. 2 - in this case, the negative terminal would be connected via the ribs of the heat exchanger block with the mass of the motor vehicle, which is not shown ,

Fig. 4 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch einen zweireihigen Heizkörper, dessen Wärmetauscherblock aus ebenen Rippen 17, einer ersten Reihe von Rundrohren 18 und einer zweiten Reihe von runden Heizstäben beziehungsweise Heizpatronen 19 besteht, wobei die Kreisquerschnitte der Rundrohre und der Heizpatronen gleich sind. Wie bereits erwähnt, sind die Rundrohre 18, durch die das Kühlmittel strömt, durch mechanisches Aufweiten mit den Rippen 17 verbunden, so dass sich ein Pressverband ergibt. Der Heizkörperblock wird von Luft in Richtung eines Pfeiles 20 durchströmt, das heißt die Luft trifft zunächst auf die Rundrohre 18 und dann auf die hier versetzt angeordneten Heizpatronen 19. Diese Anordnung der Heizpatronen 19 auf der Luftaustrittsseite hat eine bessere Erwärmung der Luft zur Folge, da die erwärmte Luft unmittelbar in den nicht dargestellten Fahrzeuginnenraum gelangt und dort eine Erwärmung bewirkt. Andere Konstellationen mit mehreren Reihen von Rundrohren, fluchtenden Rundrohren und Heizpatronen oder einer Anordnung der Heizpatronen auf der Lufteintrittsseite oder zwischen zwei Reihen von Rundrohren sind ebenfalls möglich. Fig. 4 shows a cross section through a double row radiator whose heat exchanger block consists of flat ribs 17, a first row of round tubes 18 and a second row of round heating rods or heating cartridges 19, wherein the circular cross sections of the round tubes and the heating cartridges are the same. As already mentioned, the round tubes 18, through which the coolant flows, are connected to the ribs 17 by mechanical expansion, so that a press fit results. The radiator block is traversed by air in the direction of an arrow 20, that is, the air strikes first on the round tubes 18 and then on the here offset heating cartridges 19. This arrangement of the heating cartridges 19 on the air outlet side has a better heating of the air result, as the heated air passes directly into the vehicle interior, not shown, where it causes heating. Other constellations with several rows of round tubes, aligned round tubes and heating cartridges or an arrangement of the heating cartridges on the air inlet side or between two rows of round tubes are also possible.

Fig. 4a zeigt einen Schnitt längs der Schnittlinie A-A in Fig. 4. Die Heizpatrone 19 ist mechanisch mit dem Rippenblock, bestehend aus einer Vielzahl von Rippen 17 verbunden, das heißt, sie sitzt mit einem entsprechenden Presssitz in Öffnungen der Rippen 17, so dass sich ein guter Wärmekontakt ergibt und die von den Heizpatronen 19 erzeugte Wärme über deren Mantel in die Rippen 17 abfließen kann. Fig. 4a shows a section along the section line AA in Fig. 4. The heating cartridge 19 is mechanically connected to the rib block consisting of a plurality of ribs 17, that is, it sits with a corresponding interference fit in openings of the ribs 17, so that a good thermal contact results and the heat generated by the heating cartridges 19 can flow through the jacket into the ribs 17.

Fig. 4b zeigt einen Querschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform eines zweireihigen Heizkörpers, dessen Rippen Schlitze 101 aufweisen, wobei die Schlitze 101 die Rundrohre 18 von den Heizpatronen 19 thermisch entkoppeln, wodurch zwischen den Kühlmittelrohren 18 und den Heizpatronen 19 eine Temperaturdifferenz entsteht. Durch die Schlitzte wird in vorteilhafter Weise erreicht, dass die Heizpatronen hauptsächlich die Luft für den Fahrzeuginnenraum erwärmen und nicht das Kühlmittel in den Kühlmittelrohren 18. 4b shows a cross section through a further embodiment of a double-row radiator whose ribs have slots 101, wherein the slots 101 thermally decouple the round tubes 18 from the heating cartridges 19, whereby a temperature difference arises between the coolant tubes 18 and the heating cartridges 19. Through the slit is achieved in an advantageous manner that the heating cartridges mainly heat the air for the vehicle interior and not the coolant in the coolant tubes 18th

Fig. 4c zeigt einen Schnitt längs der Schnittlinie B-B in Fig. 4b. Fig. 4c shows a section along the section line BB in Fig. 4b.

Fig. 5 zeigt einen dreireihigen Heizkörperblock im Querschnitt mit einer Rippe 21, einer ersten Reihe von Rundrohren 22, einer zweiten Reihe von Heizpatronen 23 und einer dritten Reihe von Rundrohren 24, wobei die Luftströmungsrichtung durch einen Pfeil 25 dargestellt ist. Diese Konfiguration hat den Vorteil, dass sich durch die Aufweitung der Rundrohre 22 und 24, das heißt der beiden äußeren Reihen ein fester Wärmetauscherblock ergibt, in welchen dann die Heizpatronen 23 in der Mitte eingesetzt werden. Dieser Block weist also eine größere Stabilität auf und lässt sich einfacher montieren bzw. fügen. 5 shows a three-row radiator block in cross-section with a rib 21, a first row of round tubes 22, a second row of heating cartridges 23 and a third row of round tubes 24, the air flow direction being indicated by an arrow 25. This configuration has the advantage that the expansion of the round tubes 22 and 24, that is, the two outer rows results in a solid heat exchanger block, in which then the heating cartridges 23 are used in the middle. So this block has a greater stability and can be easier to assemble or paste.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine Ansicht auf einen Heizkörperblock 26 mit einer ersten Reihe von Rundrohren 27 und einer zweiten Reihe von gestrichelt dargestellten Heizpatronen 28. Die Stirnseiten der Heizpatronen 28 sind durch einen kastenförmigen Sammelanschluss 29 abgedeckt, der die Heizpatronen 28 auf hier nicht dargestellte Weise elektrisch miteinander verbindet und einen äußeren Stecker 30 für die Stromzufuhr aufweist. Der Sammelanschluss 29 ist über zwei Clipse 31, 32 mit dem Heizkörper verbunden. Damit ergibt sich eine einbaufertige Einheit eines Rundrohrheizkörpers 26 mit elektrischer Zusatzheizung. Fig. 6 shows a view of a radiator block 26 having a first row of round tubes 27 and a second row of dashed heating cartridges 28. The end faces of the heating cartridges 28 are covered by a box-shaped collecting port 29, the electric heating cartridges 28 in a manner not shown here interconnected and having an outer plug 30 for the power supply. The collecting port 29 is connected via two clips 31, 32 with the radiator. This results in a ready-to-install unit of a round tubular heater 26 with electric auxiliary heater.

Claims (11)

Heizkörper für Kraftfahrzeug- Heizungs- oder Klimaanlagen mit integrierter elektrischer Zusatzheizung, wobei der Heizkörper einen Wärmetauscherblock aus von Kühlmittel durchströmten Rohren und mit den Rohren wärmeleitend verbundenen, von Luft überströmten Rippen aufweist und wobei die Zusatzheizung aus einzelnen rohrförmig ausgebildeten, mit den Rippen wärmeleitend verbundenen elektrischen Heizelementen besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rohre (18) und die Heizelemente (19) einen runden, insbesondere kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen.Radiator for motor vehicle heating or air conditioning systems with integrated electrical auxiliary heating, wherein the radiator has a heat exchanger block of tubes flowed through by coolant and heat-conductively connected to the pipes, air-flowed ribs and wherein the auxiliary heating of individual tubular, with the ribs heat-conducting connected electrical Heating elements, characterized in that the tubes (18) and the heating elements (19) have a round, in particular circular cross-section. Heizkörper nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rohre (18) und die Heizelemente (19) mit den Rippen (17) mechanisch verbunden sind .Radiator according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubes (18) and the heating elements (19) are mechanically connected to the ribs (17). Heizkörper nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Heizelemente (1, 7) einen äußeren metallischen Mantel (2), insbesondere aus einer Aluminiumlegierung aufweisen.Radiator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heating elements (1, 7) have an outer metallic shell (2), in particular of an aluminum alloy. Heizkörper nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rohre (18, 22, 24) in mindestens einer Reihe und die Heizelemente (19, 23) in mindestens einer weiteren Reihe angeordnet sind.Radiator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the tubes (18, 22, 24) in at least one row and the heating elements (19, 23) are arranged in at least one further row. Heizkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Heizelemente (19) in Luftströmungsrichtung (20) auf der stromabwärtigen Seite der Rippen (17) angeordnet sind. Radiator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heating elements (19) in the air flow direction (20) on the downstream side of the ribs (17) are arranged. Heizkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Heizelemente (19) in Luftströmungsrichtung (20) nach den Rohren (18) angeordnet sind.Radiator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the heating elements (19) are arranged in the air flow direction (20) after the tubes (18). Heizkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Heizelemente (19) zwischen zwei Rohrreihen angeordnet sind.Radiator according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the heating elements (19) are arranged between two rows of tubes. Heizkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Inneren der Heizelemente (1, 7) elektrisch leitend miteinander verbundene PTC-Elemente (3) angeordnet sind, die mindestens einen gemeinsamen aus dem Heizelement (1) herausragenden Kontakt (5, 6, 9) aufweisen.Radiator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that inside the heating elements (1, 7) electrically conductively interconnected PTC elements (3) are arranged, the at least one common from the heating element (1) outstanding contact (5, 6, 9). Heizkörper nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kontakte (5, 6, 9) durch einen Sammelanschluss (16, 29) an eine Stromquelle angeschlossen sind.Radiator according to claim 8, characterized in that the contacts (5, 6, 9) are connected by a collecting connection (16, 29) to a power source. Heizkörper nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sammelanschluss (29) als Kontaktschiene ausgebildet ist und durch Clipse (31, 32) mit dem Heizkörper verbunden ist.Radiator according to claim 9, characterized in that the collecting connection (29) is designed as a contact rail and is connected by clips (31, 32) to the radiator. Heizkörper nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in den Rippen (17) Schlitze (101) vorgesehen sind, wobei die Schlitze (101) in den Rippen (17) zwischen den Heizelementen (19) und den Rohren (18) angeordnet sind.Radiator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the ribs (17) slots (101) are provided, wherein the slots (101) in the ribs (17) between the heating elements (19) and the tubes (18) are arranged ,
EP02293059A 2002-12-10 2002-12-10 Radiator with integrated electrical supplementary heater Withdrawn EP1429084A1 (en)

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FR2884763A1 (en) * 2005-04-26 2006-10-27 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Heating device for motor vehicle`s cab interior, has primary and secondary radiators, each with heat exchange inserts and gusset plates, where radiators are assembled as indivisible module by pooling of inserts and gusset plates
WO2016066601A1 (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-06 Webasto SE Heat exchanger and heating device comprising such a heat exchanger
US9827828B2 (en) 2008-07-15 2017-11-28 Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh Vehicle heating system
CN110195936A (en) * 2019-05-05 2019-09-03 河北科技大学 The permanent parameter hot air heat exchanger of the auxiliary heat of fuse salt electricity

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EP0057172A2 (en) * 1981-01-26 1982-08-04 Walther Dr. Menhardt Self-regulating heating element
JPS58108394A (en) * 1981-12-21 1983-06-28 Hitachi Ltd Heat exchanger
FR2660746A1 (en) * 1990-04-10 1991-10-11 Valeo Tube heat exchanger for rapid de-icing of a windscreen, and its method of mounting
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DE19957452A1 (en) 1999-11-19 2001-05-23 Behr France Sarl Electrical additional heat exchanger for motor vehicles has positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heating elements and sensors in thermal contact with the cooling fins

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2884763A1 (en) * 2005-04-26 2006-10-27 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Heating device for motor vehicle`s cab interior, has primary and secondary radiators, each with heat exchange inserts and gusset plates, where radiators are assembled as indivisible module by pooling of inserts and gusset plates
EP1717525A1 (en) * 2005-04-26 2006-11-02 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Heating, ventilating and/or air conditioning device for motor vehicle compartment
EP1717525B1 (en) 2005-04-26 2016-12-28 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Heating, ventilating and/or air conditioning device for motor vehicle compartment
US9827828B2 (en) 2008-07-15 2017-11-28 Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh Vehicle heating system
WO2016066601A1 (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-05-06 Webasto SE Heat exchanger and heating device comprising such a heat exchanger
CN110195936A (en) * 2019-05-05 2019-09-03 河北科技大学 The permanent parameter hot air heat exchanger of the auxiliary heat of fuse salt electricity

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