The present invention relates to a device for opening and closing a door
for accessing hermetically sealed compartments, such as in particular bodies
of trucks, trailers and the like.
In the field of storage and transport of goods that need to be preserved in
isolation with respect to the outside environment, which comprises for
example refrigeration cells and the like installed on trucks or other vehicles,
devices for opening and closing the access door are known which are
constituted by one or more actuation levers, pivoted on a cylindrical bar that
is rotatably supported on the outside of the leaf of said door and provided
with one or more hook-like members that are adapted to engage respective
locator seats provided on the body or on the other leaf of the door.
In order to ensure effective hermetic closure of the door, perimetric
gaskets made of a material such as elastomer are usually fitted along the
edges of the leaves; such gaskets often have considerable transverse cross-sections
and accordingly have a considerable elastic resistance to
deformation.
In view of this, currently widely used closure devices are rather awkward
and difficult to use, particularly because operators are forced to apply
considerable efforts, which are often repetitive, in order to overcome the
elastic resistance of the gaskets and accordingly produce a perfect hermetic
closure.
The aim of the present invention is to obviate the cited drawbacks, by
providing an opening and closure device that allows to hermetically close a
door for accessing compartments for preserving goods, such as fixed or
transportable refrigeration cells or the like, in an effective and easy manner.
Within this aim, another object of the present invention is to provide a
device for opening and closing a door for accessing storage compartments
whose repetitive use requires modest physical efforts on the part of
operators.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a structure that is
simple, relatively easy to provide in practice, safe in use, effective in
operation, and relatively low in cost.
This aim and these and other objects which will become better apparent
hereinafter are achieved by the present device for opening and closing a
door for accessing hermetically sealed compartments, comprising an
actuation lever, which is pivoted externally to the leaf of the door about an
axis that is arranged along the edge and is parallel thereto, and is rotatable
from a closure configuration, in which it is arranged substantially parallel to
the leaf, to an opening configuration, in which it is spaced from the leaf,
characterized in that said actuation lever has a first actuation end that forms
a first longer lever arm for manually opening and closing said leaf, and a
second end that is provided with a tab that forms a second shorter lever arm
for engaging a locator element that is provided laterally with respect to said
leaf edge, said tab being adapted to engage said element when said leaf is
substantially ajar, so as to allow its hermetic closure by pressing on said
actuation end.
Further features of the invention will become better apparent from the
detailed description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of a device
for opening and closing a door for accessing hermetically sealed
compartments according to the invention, illustrated by way of example in
the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 is a top view of the leaf of the door, arranged ajar and provided
with the device with the actuation lever in the closure configuration; Figure 2 is a top view of the leaf of the door provided with said device,
with the actuation lever in the opening configuration: Figure 3 is a partially sectional detail front view of the device, with the
actuation lever in the closure configuration; Figure 4 is a partially sectional detail top view of the device, with the
actuation lever in the opening configuration; Figure 5 is a partially sectional detail top view of said device, with the
actuation lever in the closure configuration.
With particular reference to Figures 1 and 2, the reference numeral 1
generally designates a device for opening and closing a door for accessing
hermetically sealed compartments according to the invention.
Consider, by way of example, a door for accessing a compartment for
storing or transporting goods, constituted by a first leaf 2 and a second leaf
3 that are arranged side by side and are hinged along their parallel opposite
sides; it is noted that the description that follows can be referred equally
also to a door constituted by a single leaf.
The device comprises a base 4 for fixing to the outer face of the first leaf
2, to which an actuation lever 5 for manual opening and closing of the door
is pivoted about an axis A that is substantially parallel to said leaf 2 and is
arranged along one edge; according to the invention, the actuation lever 5
has a first actuation end 6 and a second end 7, which is located opposite
with respect to the axis A and is provided with a tab 8 for engaging a
respective locator element 9 that is fixed to the outer face of the second leaf
3 along the corresponding edge (likewise, in the fully similar case in which
the access door is constituted by a single leaf, the locator element 9 can be
fixed to the outer wall of the body. or of the container for storing or
transporting the goods).
The lever 5 is pivoted to a cylindrical pivot 10, which is supported at its
ends to the base 4 and whose axis of symmetry coincides with the axis A
(generally, in applications the axis A is vertical); the actuation lever 5 can
rotate about the pivot 10 from a closure configuration (Figure 1), in which it
is arranged substantially parallel to the base 4 and therefore to the first leaf
2, to an opening configuration (Figure 2), in which it is spaced from said
leaf 2, assuming a preset angle with respect to it.
The device comprises means 11 for detachably retaining the actuation
lever 5 in the closure configuration, as well as additional safety locking
means 12 that are adapted to prevent said retention means 11 from being
removed accidentally or by unauthorized individuals.
The base 4 has a substantially plate-like rectangular shape (Figures 3 and
4), and is affected at its comers by four holes 13 for fixing to the outer face
of the leaf 2 by means of screws. The base 4 has its longitudinal edges
(which in the specific case are arranged horizontally) folded at right angles
so as to form two opposite side walls 14; two respective circular openings
15 are formed in said walls 14 at the ends that are proximate to the edge of
the leaf 2, and face each other and are coaxial; the pivot 10 is inserted and
locked in said openings. The central portion of the base 4 is slightly raised
and forms a first pair of lugs 16 provided with holes, a second pair of lugs
17 provided with holes, and a third pair of lugs 18. A first longitudinal plate
19 is further rigidly coupled to the surface of the central portion of the base
4, is arranged at right angles thereto, and is provided with a first pair of slots
20, 21, one of which has its axis parallel to the base 4, the other one having
its axis at right angles thereto.
The actuation lever 5, preferably made of folded metal plate (Figure 3),
has its first actuation end 6 constituted by two longitudinal portions 22, 23
connected by a transverse portion 24, so as to form a sort of a handle that
has a substantially U-shaped transverse cross-section; the portions 22, 23,
24 are partially covered by a protective sheath 25, for example made of
synthetic material, which is suitable to facilitate its grip.
The second end 7 of the actuation lever 5 is shaped like a bush for
articulation on the pivot 10; the tab 8 for engaging the locator element 9
provided on the second leaf 3 is rigidly coupled, for example by welding,
substantially to the centerline of the bush.
Respective flaps 26 are provided along the lateral portions 22, 23 of the
first actuation end 6, are folded inwardly and are both provided with small
holes 27. The central portion 28 of the actuation lever 5 is substantially flat,
has a slightly folded and substantially straight end edge 29, and is affected
by an opening 30 and by a quadrangular window 31; a cross-member 32 for
supporting a second plate 33 is rigidly coupled below said central portion 28
and at the distal transverse side of the window 31, and is adapted to support
a second plate 33 that is provided with a second pair of slots 34, 35, which
when the actuation lever 5 is in the closure condition are arranged so that
they substantially correspond respectively to the first pair of slots 20, 21 of
the first plate 19.
A lower protrusion 36 protrudes from the central portion 28 and at one of
the longitudinal sides of the window 31 and forms an eye 37 at its end.
The engagement tab 8 is substantially fork-shaped, with its respective
prongs provided with recesses 38 (Figure 4); the distance between the
transverse portion 24 of the first actuation end 6 of the actuation lever 5 and
the axis A constitutes a first lever arm, while the distance between the
recesses 38 of the engagement tab 8 and said axis A forms a second lever
arm. Advantageously, the first lever arm is considerably longer than the
second lever arm, so as to allow to close the door with a very modest
pressing force on the first actuation end 6, by way of the engagement of the
locator element 9 in the recesses 38 with the first leaf 2 simply ajar, without
adhering to the vehicle body.
The locator element 9 is preferably substantially T-shaped and forms an
end portion 39 that is parallel to the second leaf 3 and is adapted to engage,
with the actuation lever 5 in the closure configuration, within the recesses
38 of the engagement tab 8. At the base, the element 9 is rigidly coupled to
a plate 40 that is affected by holes 41 for fixing by means of screws to the
second leaf 3 or to the outer wall of the vehicle body.
Two traction springs 42, in which the respective first ends are engaged in
the small holes 17 of the flaps 26 and the second ends are coupled to the
first pair of lugs 16 of the base 4, keep the actuation lever 5 stably in the
closure configuration (Figures 3 and 4).
The means 11 for detachably retaining the actuation lever 5 in the closure
position comprise a sort of rocker 43, which is pivoted on a pivot 44 that is
supported at the centerline by the second pair of lugs 17 provided on the
base 4 of the device. The rocker 43 has an upper end 45 that is substantially
flat and shaped like a button and forms at the front a straight edge 46; the
rocker also has an elongated lower end 47. The rocker 43 is associated with
elastic means, preferably constituted by a pair of coiled springs 48, which
are inserted respectively at the ends of the pivot 44 and have first ends that
abut below the upper end 45 of said rocker and second ends that rest on the
raised central portion of the base 4 and are retained laterally by the third pair
of lugs 18 provided on said base.
The rocker 43 can rotate, preferably by manual pressure on the upper end
45, from a first stable angular position, ensured by the action of the coiled
springs 48, in which the edge 46 engages above the end edge 29 of the
actuation lever 5 in order to prevent its rotation from the closure
configuration to the open configuration (Figure 5), to a second angular
position, in which the edge 46 is substantially disengaged from the end edge
29 and allows to turn the actuation lever 5 in the opening configuration.
The elements 12 for the safety locking of the actuation lever 5 in the
closure configuration comprise a tab 49, which is substantially L-shaped
and is connected to a rotatable support 50 that is engaged in the opening 30
and is affected in an upward region by a slot 51 for the insertion of an
appropriately provided key. By using said key, it is possible to turn the tab
49 from a locking position, in which it is substantially superimposed on the
lower end 47 of the rocker 43, preventing its actuation (Figure 5), to a
release position, in which it is arranged laterally in order to allow to act
freely on said rocker.
An upper cover 52 is fitted and is pivoted at one end about an axis that is
parallel to A (Figures 3 and 4) so as to overlap the central portion 28 of the
actuation lever 5. Along one of its lateral edges, the cover 52 has one or
more substantially hook-shaped protrusions 53 for engaging the end of a
retention spring 54, the opposite end of which is fixed to the eye 36: the
spring 54 allows to keep the cover 52 stably on the central portion 28 of the
actuation lever 5.
The method of use of the device according to the invention is intuitive:
assuming that the first leaf 2 is initially open (Figure 2), it is turned until it
reaches a substantially ajar position; the actuation lever 5 is in the opening
configuration and is spaced from the base 4, so that the engagement tab 8
can reach the vicinity of the locator element 9. The end portion 39 of the
element 9 at this point engages in the recesses 38 of the prongs of the
engagement tab 8: by applying a limited pressure to the first actuation end 6,
by means of the favorable lever arm, it is possible to overcome the elastic
contrast of the door gaskets, placing the actuation lever 5 in the closure
configuration and the first leaf 2 parallel to the wall of the vehicle body
(Figure 1): the end edge 29 of said lever engages automatically below the
edge 46 of the upper end 45 of the rocker 43.
In order to achieve maximum assurance of safety against accidental or
unwanted opening of the actuation lever 5, one acts with the appropriately
provided key in the slot 51 of the rotatable support 50, arranging the tab 49
so that it overlaps the lower end 47 of the rocker 43: this prevents any
rotation of said rocker so as to disengage the actuation lever 5 (Figure 5).
The leaf 2 can be opened by performing the above described operations in
reverse.
It is noted that it is possible to apply additional safety seals, constituted
by steel cables or similar means, which pass through corresponding slots 20,
21, 34, 35 of the first and second plates 19, 33.
The opening and closure device can be fitted on a large variety of
storage and transport containers of various sizes and shapes. Its use, even
repeatedly, ensures maximum effectiveness and safety in the hermetic
closure of the compartment without requiring excessive efforts on the part
of the operators in order to overcome the elastic contrast offered by the
sealing gaskets.
It has thus been shown that the invention achieves the intended aim and
objects.
The invention thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications
and variations, all of which are within the scope of the appended claims.
All the details may further be replaced with other technically equivalent
ones.
In practice, the materials used, as well as the shapes and the dimensions,
may be any according to requirements without thereby abandoning the
scope of the protection of the appended claims.
The disclosures in Italian Utility Model Application No.
BO2002U000112 from which this application claims priority are
incorporated herein by reference.
Where technical features mentioned in any claim are followed by
reference signs, those reference signs have been included for the sole
purpose of increasing the intelligibility of the claims and accordingly such
reference signs do not have any limiting effect on the interpretation of each
element identified by way of example by such reference signs.