Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
  • D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4209—Inorganic fibres
  • D04H1/4218—Glass fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
  • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
  • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
  • E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
  • E04D13/1612—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters
  • E04D13/1618—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure comprising a supporting framework of roof purlins or rafters with means for fixing the insulating material between the roof covering and the upper surface of the roof purlins or rafters
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
  • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage; Sky-lights
  • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
  • E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
  • E04D13/1643—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the roof structure being formed by load bearing corrugated sheets, e.g. profiled sheet metal roofs
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
  • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
  • E04D3/36—Connecting; Fastening
  • E04D3/3601—Connecting; Fastening of roof covering supported by the roof structure with interposition of a insulating layer
  • E04D3/3603—Connecting; Fastening of roof covering supported by the roof structure with interposition of a insulating layer the fastening means being screws or nails
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
  • F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
  • F16L59/029—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials layered

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a thermal and / or acoustic insulation material to be fixed on a support surface such as a concrete screed or a steel tank constituting for example an element of a wall or of a roof of a building. More particularly, the material according to the invention is fixed to the external surface of the wall or of the roof and is usually covered with a layer of material constituting a seal, in particular a sheet of suitable material, plastic or other material, or else for example a layer molten bitumen.
• the assembly material according to the invention covered with the material forming a seal, is exposed to the outside atmosphere, weathering and humidity.
• Such an assembly of material is called to undergo compressive forces and to have to resist them without significant damage or degradation of the desired insulation properties.
• thermal wool and / or acoustic rock wool insulation panels on the roof, the thickness of which is for example of the order of 100 mm and the density of the order of 130 to 200 kg / m 3 , for example known under the trade reference PANOTOIT from Saint-Gobain Isover.
• a material known under the trade name of Rockup NU 392 is sold by the company Rockwool.
• the panels made of this material have a thickness of the order of 100 mm and include a face (upper face to the assembly) which has been overdensified.
• Rock wool panels are thus obtained, the upper face of which has a density of the order of 200 kg / m 3 and a thickness of approximately 15 mm and the rest of the panel has a density of approximately 120 kg / m 3 .
• roofing elements in particular assemblies of rock wool panels, the thickness of which is of the order of 100 mm, arranged against the support surface and covered with a second layer of other panels either of rock wool or of glass wool, panels whose thickness is of the order of 15 to 50 mm .
• the panel disposed against the support surface is made of rock wool.
• a first drawback relates to the weight of the rock wool insulation which must be placed on the support surface to obtain thermal insulation equivalent to that obtained with a glass wool insulation. This overweight can be estimated at 25 to 50%.
• a second drawback relates to the punching which is frequently observed on rock wool panels, in particular for panels of low density, for example for densities of the order of 120 to 140 kg / m 3 .
• rock wool panels can be irreversibly damaged when you step on them. Punching or stamping then occurs which is detrimental to the quality and durability of the roof. It is noted in the stamped areas that the sealing layer tends to peel off or puncture, jeopardizing the protection of the assembly to the weather. The same applies when an object, in particular a tool, falls on a roof comprising such rock wool panels.
• the sensation of walking on a roof comprising such rock wool panels is considered to be “hard”, that is to say without damping, and is unpleasant for the installer or the person responsible for maintenance. It is an object of the invention to provide an insulating material, in particular suitable for fixing to a support surface such as a screed or a steel tank, which allows a step or an impact without damaging consequences on the qualities of the material. insulation made using the material according to the invention. Another object of the invention is to provide insulating materials, suitable for roof insulation from the outside, of lower density than the materials known for this application.
• the material according to the invention which comprises at least two layers of insulation based on mineral wool, a so-called lower layer intended to be in contact with a support surface, in particular a screed or a steel tank.
• a so-called upper layer further from the support surface, where the lower layer consists essentially of glass wool of density, mvl, between 50 and 120 kg / m 3 and of thickness, e1, between 50 and 200 mm, where the upper layer consists essentially of mineral wool, in particular glass wool and / or rock wool, and of density, mv2, of between 100 and 250 kg / m 3 and of thickness, e2, of between 10 and 50 mm, and where the density ratio of the upper and lower layers respects the ratio: mv2 / mv1> 1, 5.
• each of the lower and / or upper layers may even include a plurality of elementary layers of substantially neighboring density and that it is then necessary to consider the characteristics of the whole of the lower and / or upper layer. , for the density as resulting from the average of the densities of the elementary layers and for the thickness as the sum of the thicknesses of elementary layers.
• glass wool is conventionally understood to mean wool consisting of mineral fibers and most often of a binder, in particular of the formophenolic type, said mineral fibers being obtained by an internal centrifugation process which makes it possible to obtain long fibers with a very low rate of infibers.
• rock wool is a wool made up of mineral fibers and most often of a binder, said mineral fibers being obtained by an external centrifugation process which produces fibers shorter than glass fibers and a fairly high rate of infibers, called grains.
• glass fibers are obtained from molten silico-boro-soda-lime compositions and the rock fibers from molten silico-calcium compositions rich in iron.
• the average density of the material according to the invention is less than or equal to 120 kg / m 3 .
• the density, mvl, of the lower layer is greater than or equal to 60 kg / m 3 and / or in particular less than or equal to 100 kg / m 3 or even 80 kg / m 3 .
• the thickness, e1, of the lower layer is greater than or equal to 60 mm, or even greater than or equal to 80 mm and / or less than or equal to 150 mm, or even less than or equal to 120 mm.
• the density, mv2, of the upper layer is greater than or equal to 120 kg / m 3 and / or less than or equal to 200 kg / m 3 , or even less than or equal to 150 kg / m 3 .
• the thickness, e2, of the lower layer is greater than or equal to 15 mm and / or less than or equal to 30 mm, or even 20 mm.
• the ratio of the thicknesses of the lower and upper layers respect the ratio e1 / e2> 3, even e1 / e2> 5.
• the lower layer consists of glass wool comprising a crosslinked formophenolic binder whose content by weight relative to the entire layer is between 5 and 12%.
• the upper layer consists of glass wool comprising a crosslinked formophenolic binder whose weight content relative to the entire layer is between 5 and 12%.
• the lower and upper layers are arranged so that the edge of the plates of one layer is located opposite with a solid surface of the other layer in order to avoid thermal bridges which may appear if the edges of the plates different layers are next to each other. A light material is thus obtained which exhibits remarkable properties and is perfectly suitable for roof insulation applications from the outside.
• the invention also relates to a fixing insulation system comprising the material according to the invention and covered with a sealing layer disposed on the upper layer of said material.
• the insulation system comprises: - at least the insulating material according to the invention defined above, on a support surface,
• At least one means of fixing the insulation to the support surface comprising a first end to be fixed to the support surface, and a second end intended to cover and maintain the surface of the insulation opposite the support surface,
• the means for fixing the insulation to the support surface comprises:
• a fixing screw to the support surface, screw whose head, in the fixing position, is located below the insulating surface opposite the support surface, - and at least one capsule, the head of which covers and maintains the insulation surface opposite the support surface, the capsule being slidably mounted on the screw.
• a particularly practical embodiment of this embodiment consists in that the head of the capsule is extended by a part to be introduced, in the fixing position of the insulator, in the thickness of the latter, the head and said part of the capsule having a first cylindrical hollow opening into the head of the capsule and of a diameter allowing the screw head to slide, the first cylindrical hollow being extended, on the side of the capsule opposite its head, by a second cylindrical hollow through axis coincides with that of the first but of smaller diameter, allowing the rod, but not the screw head to slide.
• the insulation system of the invention comprises an additional sealing sheet covering the surface of the insulation opposite the support surface, but covered and held by the second end of the fixing means.
• This additional sealing sheet advantageously constitutes a lower strip fixed by an appropriate number of said fixing means arranged at regular intervals along an edge line of the additional sealing sheet, an area of this edge encompassing the second emerging end. fixing means then having to be covered by said sealing sheet constituting an upper strip, since otherwise the required sealing could not be obtained at the place where the fixing means enters the additional sealing sheet.
• the support surface is metallic, such as consisting of a steel tank or equivalent (the invention is in fact particularly suitable for the external insulation of walls of technical buildings); it is possible to place the insulating material directly in contact with the steel tank, or also to put on the latter an intermediate support layer, in particular a metal sheet, in particular aluminum;
• the fixing means consists entirely or in part of a thermal insulating material which, in the above-mentioned particular embodiment, is achieved by the fact that said capsule is essentially made of a thermal insulating material, in particular a plastic material such as polyamide or equivalent; thermal conductor fastening means, for example entirely metallic, would on the contrary constitute thermal bridges detrimental to the insulation capacity of the assembly;
• - Said support surface is flat, for example substantially horizontal, and constitutes the roof of a building;
• sealing sheet and additional sealing sheet are made of plastic such as poly (vinyl chloride) or equivalent, or bituminous;
• the waterproofing layer consists of bitumen poured on the upper layer of the insulating material.
• the invention also relates to the use of the insulating material according to the invention as a material resistant to stamping and / or impact.
• the invention also relates to the use of said material for the production of an insulation system exposed to walking and / or to impact.
• the invention also relates to a method of insulating a support surface, in particular a screed or a steel tank which comprises at least the following steps:
• the insulation method according to the invention can also include the following optional steps:
• a sealing layer in particular a layer of bitumen or a sealing sheet
• Panels were placed on steel tanks of the HAIRONVILLE 34 SR type placed on two purlins spaced 2.5 m apart.
• Examples 1 to 3 are examples according to the invention, examples 4 to 6 are comparative examples.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective representation of the insulation system of the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a detailed representation in section of a fixing means according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
• the support surface to be insulated is a steel tank 11 constituting the roof of a technical building. This is directly covered with an insulator 10 comprising a first layer of 90 mm thick glass wool of 80 kg / m 3 density and a second 25 mm thick and 120 kg / m 3 of density.
• the assembly of the two layers is carried out in such a way that the panels of the second layer cover the junction lines of the panels adjacent to the first, and vice versa.
• the surface 12 of the insulator opposite the support surface 11 is covered with lower strips 14 and upper sealing 13 made of a sheet of poly (vinyl chloride).
• the edge line of the lower strip 14 is fixed to the steel tank through the insulator 10 - thus also fixed - and held by the second end 4 of the fixing means, of suitable shape, enlarged and flat.
• the fixing means shown in Figure 2 comprises a fixing screw 1 to the steel tank 11 and a capsule 2 of polyamide.
• the head 4 of the capsule 2 is extended by a part 6 to be inserted, in the fixed position of the insulator 10, into the thickness of the latter.
• the head 4 and the part 6 of the capsule 2 have a first cylindrical recess 7 opening into the head 4 of the capsule 2 and of diameter allowing the head 5 of the screw 1 to slide.
• the first cylindrical hollow 7 is extended, on the side 6 of the capsule 2 opposite its head 4, by a second cylindrical hollow 8 crossing with an axis coincident with that of the first 7 but of smaller diameter, allowing the rod 9, but not the head 5 of the screw 1 to slide.
• the capsule 2 slides on the screw 1, in the direction of the end 3.
• the amplitude of this sliding should simply be expected to be greater than that of the compression of the insulator, so that the head 5 of the screw 1 cannot reach the height of the sealing strips 13, 14; This eliminates any risk of punching them.

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• 2001
  • 2001-07-27 FR FR0110143A patent/FR2829162B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2002
  • 2002-07-24 EA EA200400232A patent/EA005434B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-07-24 EP EP02770056A patent/EP1412593A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-07-24 PL PL02367984A patent/PL367984A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2002-07-24 WO PCT/FR2002/002645 patent/WO2003012220A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation

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