EP1411298A2 - Systeme permettant d'optimiser des procedes de combustion au moyen de mesures directes prises a l'interieur du foyer - Google Patents

Systeme permettant d'optimiser des procedes de combustion au moyen de mesures directes prises a l'interieur du foyer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1411298A2
EP1411298A2 EP20010903810 EP01903810A EP1411298A2 EP 1411298 A2 EP1411298 A2 EP 1411298A2 EP 20010903810 EP20010903810 EP 20010903810 EP 01903810 A EP01903810 A EP 01903810A EP 1411298 A2 EP1411298 A2 EP 1411298A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
probes
boiler
sampling probe
sampling
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20010903810
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
L Asoc Invest y Coop Ind Andaluc CANADAS SERRANO
V Asoc Invest y Coop Ind de Andal CORTES GALEANO
F Asoc Invest y Coop Ind de Anda RODRIGUEZ BAREA
E Asoc Invest y Coop Ind de Andaluc TOVA HOLGADO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INGENIERIA ENERGETICA Y DE CONTAMINACIO, S.A.
Original Assignee
Asociacion De Investigacion Y Cooperacion Industrial De Andalucia (aicia) Es Ingenieros De Sevilla
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asociacion De Investigacion Y Cooperacion Industrial De Andalucia (aicia) Es Ingenieros De Sevilla filed Critical Asociacion De Investigacion Y Cooperacion Industrial De Andalucia (aicia) Es Ingenieros De Sevilla
Publication of EP1411298A2 publication Critical patent/EP1411298A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
    • F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/022—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/16—Measuring temperature burner temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
    • F23N2229/18—Flame sensor cooling means

Definitions

  • the system object of the patent consists, in its basic version, of a probe or probes and in a variety of openings, that by its special characteristics, allow the accomplishment of measurements or characterisations in high temperature areas (nearness of the burners, or any other area of the interior of the furnace of industrial boilers). These local measurements intend to optimise the operation of each burner, allowing the global improvement of parameters like combustion efficiency, loss on ignition, polluting agents formation and slagging processes.
  • the small holes are drilled through the membranes which join the water tubes making up the water walls of these type of facilities, making feasible the mentioned local measurements with no need to undertake substantial modifications in the boiler.
  • the probe is designed taking into account the limitation entailed by the membranes width (typically around 20 mm) and, therefore, the openings carried out on them.
  • Industrial furnaces are facilities where the fuel (pulverised coal, fueloil, gasoil, gas, etc) is injected into the combustion chamber through burners tips, where it reaches the ignition point and bums to produce heat. This heat is transmitted to the water that circulates through the pipes that make up the boiler walls, and to other heat exchanging equipment, producing steam at high pressure and temperature.
  • the energy of this steam may have a use in several industrial operations or it may be recovered as mechanical energy in a turbine, with the possibility to be subsequently transformed into electric energy by means of an alternator connected to the turbine.
  • This invention involves a system which allows measurements to be taken in any area of the interior of the furnace of industrial boilers, specially near the burners. Some examples of this type of measurement are the evaluation of local levels of gas concentrations, temperatures, heat flows, and even image capture, in these areas of high temperature and very limited access in boilers of traditional design. The aim of these measurements is to identify the combustion conditions at any particular point inside the boilers, in order to be able to optimise heat rate, consumption of auxiliaries, and generation of pollutants and slagging.
  • the system allows these measurements to be made through small openings made in the membranes which join the tubes making up the water walls of the boiler.
  • the width of these openings (around 14 mm) is limited by the width of the membranes themselves (around 20 mm), while the height is unlimited, due to the geometry of the membranes.
  • This new concept for measurement inside the furnace of industrial boilers makes it possible to place the openings in any location required, without being limited to those inspection ports included in the original design of the boiler, and permits the direct measurement of combustion conditions inside the furnace. In this way, it is possible to take measurements at the level of each burner in the boiler, without any significant structural modifications to the unit.
  • a water-cooled probe either made of or covered by ceramic material, has been specially designed for insertion through these openings, which additionally is able to withstand the high temperatures (1400 - 1700 °C) in these areas of the furnace.
  • An optional upgrade to the system allows automatic operation by means of the following: motorization of the probe (insertion - extraction, lateral movement); a system of continuous treatment and analysis of the gas samples collected or of the data provided by the sensors inserted into the furnace by the probe; a cleaning system using a compressed air counterflow which guarantees the autonomy of the system between measurements; advanced monitoring software which, in addition to controlling the operation of the entire automated system and the correct processing of the results obtained, provides operational recommendations to the operator of the plant. These recommendations are based on results and the experience in the optimisation of this process.
  • the invention described is applicable, to the optimisation of any type of burner, for example those in industrial furnaces.
  • Figure 1 presents a schematic drawing of the system in its basic version, where the sampling probe (1) is introduced through the opening (2) inside the furnace boiler (3).
  • This small opening (2) is made in the membrane (4) which join the tubes (5) making up the water walls of the boiler, close to a facility burner.
  • Figure 2 represents a probe longitudinal section (1) in its cooled and gas sampling variant; the outer socket (6) of entrance and exit of the coolant fluid and its circulation once inside the probe is shown. Also, the sample aspiration conduct can be observed (7).
  • Figure 3 presents a front view and a cross section of the opening (2) made in the membrane (4) between the tubes (5), for the sampling probe variant (1) shown in Figure 2 (cooled and for gas sampling).
  • FIG 4 presents a schematic drawing of an automated system version, specifically its variant for gas sampling, in which the sampling probes displacement can only be of insertion-extraction (a sampling probe by orifice), or with additional lateral displacement (a sampling probe for several orifices).
  • Figure 5 shows the schematic drawing of the required elements for this variant.
  • the access openings (2) are distributed throughout the boiler close to each burner.
  • the water cooled probe is specially designed to support the high existing temperatures in this zone (between 1400 and 1700°C) and to accede to the interior of the boiler through the described orifices.
  • a tube of rectangular section can be used for its construction (14 x 12 mm sides and 1 mm thick) and two half tubes (7 mm radius and 1 mm thickness) welded as shown in the figure Section A-a.
  • the three resulting cameras can be appreciated (8, 9, 10) through which the refrigeration fluid, for example, water, flows.
  • the chamber in the middle (9) is crossed by a 6 mm diameter tube through which the gas sample is extracted to be analysed.
  • These elements are assembled at the probes end by means of two half cones and two triangular plates, according to what is observed in the detail of the probes end ( Figure 2).
  • an outer socket is arranged (6) allowing the exit and entrance of the refrigeration fluid and of the sample collection tube.
  • the route described by the cooling fluid is as follows: it enters through the orifice (11) into the A chamber socket (12), flowing then into the two sampling probe outer chamber (8) and (10). After reaching the end of the sampling probe the fluid returns through the central chamber (9) until reaching the B socket chamber (13) where it leaves the sampling probe through the orifice (14).
  • FIG. 4 A system automation schematic drawing is presented in Figure 4.In this figure, the sampling probe (11), being cooled or not, is coupled to a pneumatic cylinder (15), controlled by a multiway valve (16), to insert or retract the probe in or out of the furnace boiler(3).
  • the sample collected by the probe passes through a heated filter to eliminate ash in suspension, and then goes to a set of valves which either send the sample to the conditioning system, or send pressurised air towards the heated filter and the probe, giving rise to a countercurrent which cleans both of these items.
  • a typical sample conditioning system (19) is made up of a condenser, a cooler, a filter and a pump. This conditioning system may be housed in a cabinet (20) located on the cylinder-probe assembly support, which can also be used to house the valves, or in an adjacent location in order to service several probes.
  • the sample is taken from the conditioning system to an analysis system, which consists essentially of a gas analyser (21), together with other filters, a humidity detector and a valve to control the input of samples to the analyser.
  • an analysis system which consists essentially of a gas analyser (21), together with other filters, a humidity detector and a valve to control the input of samples to the analyser.
  • a programmable logic controller (PLC) (22) is used to collect the analysis results, monitor the entire process and report on possible incidents. This information is sent to a control room computer (23) with the necessary user interfaces, which also collects information from other PCLs or monitoring systems.
  • This computer also has software designed to offer operational recommendations to the plant operator, based on the readings, and on a number of rules gathered from experience on the optimisation of the process.
  • the gases sampling probe (1) or the insertion of any sensor type into the furnace the pneumatic cylinder (15), the multiway valve (16) which controls the cylinder and other auxiliary equipment (for example, in the case of the gas sampling version, the heated filter (17), the set of control valves (18) and the sample conditioning system (19) located in the cabinet (29), which may also house the valves (16) and (18)) are all located on a motorised (25) carriage (24). This makes it possible to move the whole assembly for taking measurements in other parts of the boiler.
  • the carriage (24) has several proximity sensors (26), which stop the motors at positioners (27) marking the exact position of the sampling points.
  • an automated speed control (28) reduces the speed of the motors to a minimum as it approaches the positioner (27), due to a location signal provided by an appropriate device (e.g. an encoder (29) located on the carriage (24)).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
EP20010903810 2000-02-16 2001-02-15 Systeme permettant d'optimiser des procedes de combustion au moyen de mesures directes prises a l'interieur du foyer Withdrawn EP1411298A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200000355 2000-02-16
ES200000355A ES2166312B1 (es) 2000-02-16 2000-02-16 Sistema para optimizacion de procesos de combustion mediante medidas directas en el interior del hogar.
PCT/ES2001/000052 WO2001061297A2 (fr) 2000-02-16 2001-02-15 Systeme permettant d'optimiser des procedes de combustion au moyen de mesures directes prises a l'interieur du foyer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1411298A2 true EP1411298A2 (fr) 2004-04-21

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20010903810 Withdrawn EP1411298A2 (fr) 2000-02-16 2001-02-15 Systeme permettant d'optimiser des procedes de combustion au moyen de mesures directes prises a l'interieur du foyer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1411298A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2001231780A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2166312B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001061297A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2194325A1 (fr) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-09 ABB Research Ltd. Dispositif et procédé de détection de flamme
WO2014048829A1 (fr) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Installation de chauffe
JP2014145579A (ja) * 2013-01-23 2014-08-14 Martin Gmbh Fuer Umwelt & Energietechnik 焼却プラント内に導管を配管する方法及びそのような導管を有する装置
CN107807350A (zh) * 2017-09-28 2018-03-16 公安部四川消防研究所 一种用于测量竖向微变形量的试验标定系统及其标定方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20011948A1 (it) * 2001-09-18 2003-03-18 Nuovo Pignone Spa Dispositivo anti-condensa per un sensore di fiamma di una camera di combustione
WO2007028840A1 (fr) * 2005-09-08 2007-03-15 Ingenieria Energetica Y De Contaminacion, S.A. Systeme pour l'optimisation de la combustion dans des chaudieres et des fours industriels
CN114963229B (zh) * 2022-05-07 2024-06-04 吉林省电力科学研究院有限公司 一种智能在线实时监测co燃烧分析控制平台

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US4514096A (en) * 1981-11-12 1985-04-30 University Of Waterloo Furnace wall ash deposit fluent phase change monitoring system
JPS5944519A (ja) * 1982-09-03 1984-03-13 Hitachi Ltd 燃焼状態診断方法
CH673149A5 (fr) * 1987-10-23 1990-02-15 Kuepat Ag
US5053978A (en) * 1989-05-26 1991-10-01 Jeffrey Solomon Automatic boiler room equipment monitoring system
US5408891A (en) * 1992-12-17 1995-04-25 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Fluid probe washing apparatus and method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO0161297A2 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2194325A1 (fr) * 2008-12-02 2010-06-09 ABB Research Ltd. Dispositif et procédé de détection de flamme
WO2014048829A1 (fr) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Installation de chauffe
JP2014145579A (ja) * 2013-01-23 2014-08-14 Martin Gmbh Fuer Umwelt & Energietechnik 焼却プラント内に導管を配管する方法及びそのような導管を有する装置
EP2759769A3 (fr) * 2013-01-23 2014-12-10 MARTIN GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Procédé de guidage d'une conduite dans un incinérateur et dispositif doté d'une telle conduite
RU2647752C2 (ru) * 2013-01-23 2018-03-19 Мартин ГмбХ Фюр Умвельт-Унд Энергитехник Способ прокладывания канала в установке для сжигания, а также устройство, имеющее такого рода канал
CN107807350A (zh) * 2017-09-28 2018-03-16 公安部四川消防研究所 一种用于测量竖向微变形量的试验标定系统及其标定方法
CN107807350B (zh) * 2017-09-28 2023-08-04 公安部四川消防研究所 一种用于测量竖向微变形量的试验标定系统及其标定方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2001061297A2 (fr) 2001-08-23
AU2001231780A1 (en) 2001-08-27
WO2001061297A3 (fr) 2001-11-15
ES2166312B1 (es) 2003-04-01
ES2166312A1 (es) 2002-04-01

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