EP1392906B1 - Real time control method for needle-bonding fibrous structures and needle-bonding device for carrying out said method - Google Patents
Real time control method for needle-bonding fibrous structures and needle-bonding device for carrying out said method Download PDFInfo
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- EP1392906B1 EP1392906B1 EP20020780839 EP02780839A EP1392906B1 EP 1392906 B1 EP1392906 B1 EP 1392906B1 EP 20020780839 EP20020780839 EP 20020780839 EP 02780839 A EP02780839 A EP 02780839A EP 1392906 B1 EP1392906 B1 EP 1392906B1
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- Prior art keywords
- needles
- needling
- platen
- evaluated
- magnitude
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H18/00—Needling machines
- D04H18/02—Needling machines with needles
Definitions
- the invention relates to the needling of fibrous structures, in particular to produce preforms intended to constitute reinforcement structures for composite material parts, such as, for example, preforms for brake discs made of thermostructural composite material.
- the needles take fibers from the strata and transfer them in the Z direction.
- the Z-fibers confer cohesion and resistance to delamination (separation between strata) to the needle-punched structure. It is thus possible to give composite parts incorporating such structures as fibrous reinforcements a mechanical strength that enables them to withstand shear stresses, as is the case for brake disks during the application of a braking torque.
- a real-time measurement of the surface position can make it possible to take into account possible drifts with respect to a model, for example thickness differences of the individual strata. .
- this measurement is not performed exactly at the level of needling.
- other possible drifts with respect to pre-established conditions are not taken into account, such as wear of needles.
- the object of the invention is to provide a needling process which makes it possible to take into account the actual efficiency of the needles throughout the needling process, so that it can be controlled or controlled in real time.
- a process for producing a needled fibrous structure of the type comprising the stacking of fibrous layers on a plate, the needling of the layers as and when they are stacked by means of needles animated by a reciprocating movement in the transverse direction with respect to the layers, and the variation of the distance separating the plate from an end position of the needles, during the realization of the stack, in order to obtain a desired distribution of the needling characteristics in the thickness of the fibrous structure, the method according to which the instantaneous force (f) exerted during the penetration of the needles is measured, a magnitude representing a needling effort (F) or a penetration energy (E) is evaluated. from the effort instantaneous, and it is verified that the magnitude (F; E) evaluated satisfies at least one predetermined condition.
- the penetration energy (E) of the needles can be evaluated by integrating the measured instantaneous force (f), for example over a period separating the entry of the needles into the fibrous structure of their arrival at the bottom dead point of their race. .
- the magnitude evaluated may also be the maximum value (F) of the instant needling force (f) measured during the penetration of the needles into the fibrous structure.
- the magnitude representative of the needling effort (F) or the penetration energy (E) remains substantially constant, or follows substantially a preset law of variation.
- the measurement of the needling force (F) or the penetration energy (E) is a means of controlling the smooth running of the needling which is controlled according to a predefined process, for example a step of descent of the constant plateau, or a particular variation of the descent step as in the document EP 0 736 115 .
- the invention controls the variation of the distance between the plate and a position of end of stroke of the needles as a function of the evaluated value of the needling effort (F) or the energy of the penetration (E).
- the variation in distance is controlled in order to control the needling force or the penetration energy of the needles at a predetermined value or at a predetermined variation law, according to the desired distribution of the characteristics of the needling, especially the Z-fiber ratio, in the thickness of the fibrous structure.
- the measurement of the force exerted or the energy expended during the penetration of the needles makes it possible to take into account the real effectiveness of the needles and to integrate any variation. possible, for example an individual thickness of irregular stratum or premature wear of the needles.
- the instantaneous penetration force (f) is advantageously measured at the plateau.
- the invention also aims to provide a needling device for carrying out the above methods.
- a device comprising a plate on which fibrous layers can be stacked, a plurality of needles carried by a support, above the plate, means for driving the needle holder to animate the fibers. reciprocating in a transverse direction relative to the plate, and means for varying the distance between the plate and a position of end of stroke of the needles, in which device is provided at least one force sensor for providing a signal representative of the instantaneous force exerted during the penetration of the needles in fibrous strata stacked on the plate.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically show a rectilinear needling installation comprising, in a manner well known per se, a needling station 10 disposed between a first table 12 and a second table 14.
- a fibrous plate P is moved in reciprocating rectilinear motion between the table 12 and the table 14, through the needling station 10.
- the plate P is formed of fibrous strata stacked and needled as and when stacked .
- the layers may be formed of fabrics, unidirectional or multidirectional webs, knits, felts, or other substantially two dimensional fiber textures.
- the plate P passes on a support plate 100 above which is located a needle board 110.
- the support plate 100 rests on beams 102 of a frame 104 by means of cylinders 106, for example six in number, which make it possible to vary the vertical position of the plate 100.
- the needle board 110 extends transversely to the direction of movement of the plate P, at least over the entire width thereof.
- the board 110 is driven by a vertical reciprocating movement by means of one or more drive devices 112 of the crank-handle type.
- two crank-crank systems are provided, connected to the board in the vicinity of the ends thereof.
- One or more motors carried for example by the frame 104 drive the crank systems-crank 112.
- Needles 114 carried by board 110 are provided with barbs, hooks or forks. They penetrate into the fibrous texture of the layers constituting the plate P to collect fibers that are displaced transversely to the strata (Z direction), and bind the layers together.
- a needling pass is made after a new fibrous layer has been added by advancing the plate P by means of the pressure rollers 16, 18 so that the entire surface of the plate is described by the needles. .
- the advance of the plate can be continuous or not. In the latter case, a stop or slowing down of the plate is controlled during the penetration of the needles.
- the cylinders 106 are controlled to move the tray 100, so that the distance between the tray 100 and an end-of-travel end of the needles 114 can be varied.
- the penetration depth of the needles 114 in the plate P extends over several thicknesses of layers. Holes 101 are formed in the plate 100 facing the needles 114 so that they can enter there during the needling of the first layers.
- one or more force sensors are arranged to provide a signal representative of the force exerted during the penetration of the needles into the plate P.
- the measurement of the efforts can be carried out at the level of the needle board, it is carried out, for convenience and in order not to be affected by the accelerations and vibrations imposed on the needle board, at the level of the plate 100.
- force sensors 108 are interposed between the rods of the cylinders 106 and the plate 100.
- the sensors 108 may be, conventionally, strain gauge sensors, for example of the piezoelectric type, mounted in bridge.
- the electrical signals of the sensors 108 are collected by a circuit 109 ( figure 1 ).
- the circuit 109 is a control circuit which, in particular, provides control signals to the drive systems 16, 18 and the jacks 106.
- the signals provided by the sensors 108 represent the instantaneous force of penetration of the needles.
- the signals received from the different sensors can be summed or averaged to provide an average signal f 'for developing a value f representative of the instantaneous penetration force.
- a non-zero average signal f ' o can be provided by the signals of the sensors, due to residual forces exerted on the plate, for example due to friction between the plate and a stripper (not shown) applied to it.
- the effort f'o is measured for example at the moment of the transition to neutral or residual efforts (voluntary or not) due to friction débourreur-preform high.
- the value f representative of the penetration force or instant needling effort itself is then equal to f'-f ' o .
- a magnitude F representative of the needling force during each penetration of the needles can be obtained by taking the maximum of the instantaneous force f measured during this penetration.
- the value f is sampled by the circuit 109 and the quantity F retained is the value of the maximum amplitude sample measured during each stroke of the hands.
- the beginning of each needle penetration cycle can be set at the top dead center in their travel. This is detected by means of a sensor 116, for example of inductive or optical type cooperating for example with a cam profile 113 having an angular position corresponding to the top dead center and rotated with the crank of one of the systems. 112 of the needle board.
- the signals from the sensor 116 are received and processed by the circuit 109.
- a quantity E representative of the penetration energy of the needles which may be correlated with the quantity of fibers transferred in Z, is preferably developed.
- This quantity E is obtained by integration over time, by means of the circuit 109. the instantaneous measurement of penetration effort.
- This integration of the value f is carried out over a predefined period, for example the time separating the passage of the needles to the top dead center of the passage of the needles at the bottom dead point of their stroke.
- Detection of the bottom dead center can be done in the same way as the detection of the top dead center.
- non-contact optical measurement means such as a laser emitter / receiver unit 118, as described in the patent application.
- FR 01 02 869 of the applicant The transmitter, which occupies a fixed position relative to the frame 104, directs a laser beam towards the surface of the fibrous plate.
- the laser beam preferably not collimated, is reflected and beam path analysis between transmitter and receiver provides the desired position information.
- the transceiver 118 which is connected to the circuit 109, can be placed at the needling station, the laser beam passing through an orifice formed in the needle board 110.
- the embodiment of the figure 3 is different from that of the figure 2 in that the plate 100 of the needling station rests on bases 103 carried by columns of the frame 104 via cylinders 106, four in number in this example.
- the force sensors 108 are here interposed between the bases 103 and the cylinders of the cylinders 106. A similar provision sensors could be adopted for the embodiment of the Figures 1 and 2 .
- FIG. 3 Compared to the installation of Figures 1 and 2 , that of the figure 3 may be suitable for needling P-plates of smaller widths.
- step 40 After needling a few initial layers superimposed (step 40), a new layer is added (step 41) and a step of descent is imposed on the plateau (step 42).
- the step of descent is predetermined.
- the step of descent imposed on the plate after each needling pass of a stratum and superposition of a new stratum may be constant or vary in a preestablished manner, as described in the aforementioned documents. US 4,790,052 and EP 0 736 115 .
- the needling force F induced by the penetration of the needles into the fibrous structure or the penetration energy E of the needles are evaluated by means of the sensors 106 and the circuit 109 (step 43).
- the magnitude of effort F or energy E evaluated can be that determined at each penetration of the needles, or an average of effort measurements can be made during a few penetrations of successive needles.
- the estimated penetration energy E is compared with minimum threshold values E min and maximum E max . If E is in the range [E min , E max ] (test 45), go back to step 43. If the needling pass is complete at test 44, (which can be detected by an end sensor run of the plate P), we return to step 41.
- test 45 If the test 45 is negative, an alarm signal is generated (step 46) indicating that the needling effort, thus the efficiency of the needles, is no longer within the predetermined tolerance range. This may be due for example to wear or needle breakage, to a table positioning defect, or to a non-compliant change in the needled product or layers constituting the plate P.
- the values E min and E max are determined experimentally as a function, in particular, of the desired needling characteristics, in particular of the Z-fiber ratio.
- the values E min and E max may be fixed, or be variable, as and when the constitution of the plate P, to follow a predetermined law of variation.
- the penetration energy, and thus the Z-fiber content may be greater in portions of the plate where greater Z-fiber transfer is desired to increase the delamination resistance.
- the process of figure 4 Thanks to the continuous measurement of the penetration energy, it is possible to check that the needling is taking place with a real efficiency corresponding to that desired.
- This process comprises steps 50 to 53 of needling initial strata, adding a new stratum, achieving a predetermined descent step and needling and measuring penetration energy, similar to the steps 40 at 43 from the process of figure 4 .
- the evaluated energy E is compared with predetermined minimum values E ' min and maximum E' max , insofar as the current needling pass is not completed (test 54).
- step 56 When the evaluated energy becomes greater than the threshold E ' max (test 55), a decrease increment ⁇ h is imposed on the plate 100 (step 56). This can be done during the needling of the last stacked layer, as soon as the overshoot is detected, or at the end of the needling of the stratum, the increment ⁇ h superimposing on the predetermined step of descent. After step 55, return to step 53. If, at test 54, the needling pass in progress is over, it returns to step 51 to add a new layer.
- step 58 the increment ⁇ 'h superimposed on the predetermined step of descent. After step 58, proceed to step 53.
- the thresholds E ' min and E' max can be determined experimentally and are not necessarily equal to those of the process of the figure 4 . They may be fixed or variable in a predetermined manner as the constitution of the needled plate.
- the increments ⁇ h and ⁇ 'h represent for example from one to a few% of a mean descent step.
- increments ⁇ h and ⁇ 'h may be variable, for example as a function of the amplitude of crossing the thresholds E ' min and E' max .
- the process of figure 5 allows, thanks to the continuous measurement of the needling force, correct, if necessary, the predetermined value of the descent step, or a predetermined law of variation of the descent step, so that the effectiveness of the needles remains consistent with what is expected.
- the figure 6 shows the steps of a needling process according to which the descent of the plate is controlled according to only the needling energy evaluated.
- step 61 After needling of initial layers (step 60), a new layer is added (step 61), the needling is started and the penetration energy of the needles E is evaluated (step 62), as in step 43 of the figure 4 .
- the evaluated energy E is compared with minimum threshold values E " min and maximum E" max . If the energy E is less than E " min (test 65), an elementary pitch p is stepped, the plateau is raised (step 66) and step 62 is returned. If the test 64 is positive, returns to step 61. If the energy E is not less than E " min , it is compared to E" max (test 67). greater than E " max , an elementary pitch p 2 of descent of the plate (step 67) is controlled, and it returns to step 62. If the energy E is not greater than E" max , it returns to step 62.
- E " min and E” max may be predefined experimentally, depending on the desired needling characteristics. It can be fixed, or be variable, as and when the formation of the fibrous plate, to follow a predetermined law of variation.
- the rise steps p 1 and descent p 2 may be equal or not between them. Their value may be fixed, or variable, in a predetermined manner for example as a function of the amplitude of the difference between E and E " min or between E and E" max .
- the needling force measurement can be implemented not only in straight needling devices, but also in circular needling devices.
- Figures 7 and 8 illustrate a needling device with a circular plate 200.
- Annular layers are stacked and needled on the plate 200 to form a needled fibrous preform or ring-shaped disk P.
- the layers may be formed by rings or sectors of juxtaposed rings, which are cut in a dimensional fiber texture, for example a fabric, a unidirectional or multidirectional sheet, a felt, ...
- the strata may also be formed by coils wound flat, such as turns of helical fabric, or turns formed from deformed braids, or turns formed from a two-dimensional deformable texture.
- documents may be referred to US 6,009,605 , US 5,662,855 and WO 98/44182 :
- the annular preform P may constitute in particular a brake disk preform of composite material.
- the disk P is rotated and passes to a needling station comprising a needle board 210 which overhangs a sector of the plate 200 (the location of which is delimited by mixed lines on the figure 8 ).
- the board 210 is driven by a vertical reciprocating translation movement by means of a drive device 212 of the crank-handle type.
- the needles 214 carried by the board 212 are provided with barbs, hooks or forks to collect fibers in the stacked layers and transfer them through them when they enter the disk P.
- the drive of the disk P in rotation can be achieved by means of conical rollers such as 22, the plate 200 being fixed and being provided with holes 201 with respect to the needles 214.
- the driving of the disk P can be achieved by In the latter case, the plate 200 is provided with a coating in which the needles can penetrate without being damaged. The Z-fiber transfer in this coating secures the disk P with the plate and thus facilitates its rotation drive.
- the plate 200 is articulated on a support 202 which rests on a frame 204 by means of cylinders 206, three in number in the illustrated example (see figure 8 ).
- One or more force sensors 208 are interposed between the support 202 and the plate 200.
- the hinge 203 of the plate 200 on the support 204 is located in an area of the circumference of the plate 200 opposite the zone where the needling station 20 is located.
- the sensors 208 they are located under the plate 200 of on both sides of the needling station 20, at locations remote from the articulation 203. This arrangement of the articulation 203 and the sensors 208 makes it possible to optimize the measurement of the needling force exerted at the needling station 20.
- the signals of the sensors 208 are collected by a control circuit which controls in particular the rotation of the disk P and the cylinders 206 to move the plate vertically during the needling process.
- the signals of the sensors 208 are used for the control or the real-time control of the needling, following processes such as those described with reference to the Figures 4 to 6 .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Die Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne l'aiguilletage de structures fibreuses, en particulier pour réaliser des préformes destinées là constituer des structures de renfort pour des pièces en matériau composite, telles que, par exemple, des préformes pour disques de frein en matériau composite thermostructural.The invention relates to the needling of fibrous structures, in particular to produce preforms intended to constitute reinforcement structures for composite material parts, such as, for example, preforms for brake discs made of thermostructural composite material.
Pour la réalisation de telles structures aiguilletées, il est bien connu d'empiler des strates fibreuses sur un plateau et d'aiguilleter les strates au fur et à mesure de leur empilement au moyen d'aiguilles animées d'un mouvement alternatif en direction transversale par rapport aux strates (ou direction Z).For the production of such needled structures, it is well known to stack fibrous layers on a plate and to needle the layers as and when they are stacked by means of reciprocatingly reciprocating needles in the transverse direction. report to the strata (or Z direction).
Les aiguilles prélèvent des fibres dans les strates et les transfèrent en direction Z. Les fibres en Z confèrent une cohésion et une résistance au délaminage (séparation entre strates) à la structure aiguilletée. On peut ainsi conférer aux pièces composites incorporant de telles structures comme renforts fibreux une tenue mécanique leur permettant de résister à des efforts de cisaillement, comme c'est le cas pour des disques de frein lors de l'application d'un couple de freinage.The needles take fibers from the strata and transfer them in the Z direction. The Z-fibers confer cohesion and resistance to delamination (separation between strata) to the needle-punched structure. It is thus possible to give composite parts incorporating such structures as fibrous reinforcements a mechanical strength that enables them to withstand shear stresses, as is the case for brake disks during the application of a braking torque.
Pour conférer des caractéristiques d'aiguilletage désirées dans l'épaisseur de la structure fibreuse aiguilletée, il est connu de piloter la distance entre le plateau et une extrémité de fin de course des aiguilles au fur et à mesure de la réalisation de l'empilement. Plus particulièrement, il a été proposé dans le document
Il a été proposé, dans le document
Quant au document
Par rapport à un processus dans lequel le pas de descente est prédéterminé, une mesure en temps réel de la position de surface peut permettre de prendre en compte d'éventuelles dérives par rapport à un modèle, par exemple des écarts d'épaisseurs des strates individuelles. Toutefois, dans le document
L'invention a pour but de fournir un procédé d'aiguilletage qui permette de prendre en compte l'efficacité réelle des aiguilles tout au long du processus d'aiguilletage, de manière à pouvoir le contrôler ou le commander en temps réel.The object of the invention is to provide a needling process which makes it possible to take into account the actual efficiency of the needles throughout the needling process, so that it can be controlled or controlled in real time.
Ce but est atteint par un procédé de réalisation d'une structure fibreuse aiguilletée du type comprenant l'empilement de strates fibreuses sur un plateau, l'aiguilletage des strates au fur et à mesure de leur empilement au moyen d'aiguilles animées d'un mouvement alternatif en direction transversale par rapport aux strates, et la variation de la distance séparant le plateau d'une position de fin de course des aiguilles, pendant la réalisation de l'empilement, afin d'obtenir une distribution souhaitée des caractéristiques d'aiguilletage dans l'épaisseur de la structure fibreuse, procédé selon lequel on mesure l'effort instantané (f) exercé lors de la pénétration des aiguilles, on évalue une grandeur représentant un effort d'aiguilletage (F) ou une énergie de pénétration (E) à partir de l'effort instantané, et on vérifie que la grandeur (F ; E) évaluée satisfait au moins une condition prédéterminée.This object is achieved by a process for producing a needled fibrous structure of the type comprising the stacking of fibrous layers on a plate, the needling of the layers as and when they are stacked by means of needles animated by a reciprocating movement in the transverse direction with respect to the layers, and the variation of the distance separating the plate from an end position of the needles, during the realization of the stack, in order to obtain a desired distribution of the needling characteristics in the thickness of the fibrous structure, the method according to which the instantaneous force (f) exerted during the penetration of the needles is measured, a magnitude representing a needling effort (F) or a penetration energy (E) is evaluated. from the effort instantaneous, and it is verified that the magnitude (F; E) evaluated satisfies at least one predetermined condition.
L'énergie (E) de pénétration des aiguilles peut être évaluée par intégration de l'effort instantané mesuré (f), par exemple sur une durée séparant l'entrée des aiguilles dans la structure fibreuse de leur arrivée au point mort bas de leur course.The penetration energy (E) of the needles can be evaluated by integrating the measured instantaneous force (f), for example over a period separating the entry of the needles into the fibrous structure of their arrival at the bottom dead point of their race. .
La grandeur évaluée peut être aussi la valeur maximale (F) de l'effort d'aiguilletage instantané (f) mesuré lors de la pénétration des aiguilles dans la structure fibreuse.The magnitude evaluated may also be the maximum value (F) of the instant needling force (f) measured during the penetration of the needles into the fibrous structure.
Selon la distribution souhaitée des caractéristiques d'aiguilletage dans l'épaisseur de la structure fibreuse, on vérifie que la grandeur représentative de l'effort d'aiguilletage (F) ou de l'énergie de pénétration (E) reste sensiblement constante, ou suit sensiblement une loi de variation préétablie.According to the desired distribution of the needling characteristics in the thickness of the fibrous structure, it is verified that the magnitude representative of the needling effort (F) or the penetration energy (E) remains substantially constant, or follows substantially a preset law of variation.
Selon un aspect de l'invention, la mesure de l'effort d'aiguilletage (F) ou de l'énergie de pénétration (E) constitue un moyen de contrôle du bon déroulement de l'aiguilletage qui est commandé selon un processus prédéfini, par exemple un pas de descente du plateau constant, ou une variation particulière du pas de descente comme-dans le document
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, on commande la variation de la distance entre le plateau et une position de fin de course des aiguilles en fonction de la valeur évaluée de l'effort d'aiguilletage (F) ou de l'énergie de pénétration (E).According to another aspect of the invention, it controls the variation of the distance between the plate and a position of end of stroke of the needles as a function of the evaluated value of the needling effort (F) or the energy of the penetration (E).
En particulier, lorsque l'on fait varier de façon prédéterminée la distance entre le plateau et une position de fin de course des aiguilles au cours du processus d'aiguilletage, l'on superpose le cas échéant à cette variation une modification supplémentaire de ladite distance lorsque la grandeur (E) ou (F) évaluée ne satisfait pas une condition prédéterminée.In particular, when the distance between the plate and a position of the end of stroke of the needles during the needling process is varied in a predetermined manner, this variation is superimposed, if necessary, on a further modification of said distance. when the magnitude (E) or (F) evaluated does not satisfy a predetermined condition.
Dans ces deux derniers cas, la variation de distance est commandée afin d'asservir l'effort d'aiguilletage ou l'énergie de pénétration des aiguilles à une valeur prédéterminée ou à une loi de variation prédéterminée, selon la distribution souhaitée des caractéristiques d'aiguilletage, notamment le taux de fibres en Z, dans l'épaisseur de la structure fibreuse.In the latter two cases, the variation in distance is controlled in order to control the needling force or the penetration energy of the needles at a predetermined value or at a predetermined variation law, according to the desired distribution of the characteristics of the needling, especially the Z-fiber ratio, in the thickness of the fibrous structure.
Dans l'un et l'autre aspects de l'invention, la mesure de l'effort exercé ou de l'énergie dépensée lors de la pénétration des aiguilles permet de prendre en compte l'efficacité réelle des aiguilles et d'intégrer toute variation éventuelle, par exemple une épaisseur individuelle de strate irrégulière ou une usure prématurée des aiguilles.In both aspects of the invention, the measurement of the force exerted or the energy expended during the penetration of the needles makes it possible to take into account the real effectiveness of the needles and to integrate any variation. possible, for example an individual thickness of irregular stratum or premature wear of the needles.
L'effort de pénétration instantané (f) est avantageusement mesuré au niveau du plateau.The instantaneous penetration force (f) is advantageously measured at the plateau.
L'invention a aussi pour objet de fournir un dispositif d'aiguilletage permettant de mettre en oeuvre les procédés ci-dessus.The invention also aims to provide a needling device for carrying out the above methods.
Ce but est atteint grâce à un dispositif comprenant un plateau sur lequel peuvent être empilées des strates fibreuses, une pluralité d'aiguilles portées par un support, au-dessus du plateau, des moyens d'entraînement du support d'aiguilles pour animer celles-ci d'un mouvement alternatif en direction transversale par rapport au plateau, et des moyens pour faire varier la distance entre le plateau et une position de fin de course des aiguilles, dispositif dans lequel est prévu au moins un capteur d'effort permettant de fournir un signal représentatif de l'effort instantané exercé lors de la pénétration des aiguilles dans des strates fibreuses empilées sur le plateau.This object is achieved by means of a device comprising a plate on which fibrous layers can be stacked, a plurality of needles carried by a support, above the plate, means for driving the needle holder to animate the fibers. reciprocating in a transverse direction relative to the plate, and means for varying the distance between the plate and a position of end of stroke of the needles, in which device is provided at least one force sensor for providing a signal representative of the instantaneous force exerted during the penetration of the needles in fibrous strata stacked on the plate.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description faite ci-après, à titre indicatif mais non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :
- la
figure 1 est une vue schématique en élévation d'un dispositif d'aiguilletage rectiligne conforme à l'invention ; - la
figure 2 est une vue schématique en élévation et en coupe suivant le plan II-II de lafigure 1 ; - la
figure 3 est une vue schématique en élévation et en coupe d'une variante de réalisation d'un dispositif d'aiguilletage rectiligne conforme à l'invention ; - les
figures 4 à 6 illustrent des étapes successives de trois modes de mise en oeuvre d'un procédé selon l'invention ; - la
figure 7 est une vue en élévation d'un dispositifs d'aiguilletage circulaire conforme à l'invention ; et - la
figure 8 est une vue de dessus du plateau du dispositif d'aiguilletage de lafigure 7 .
- the
figure 1 is a schematic elevational view of a rectilinear needling device according to the invention; - the
figure 2 is a schematic view in elevation and in section along plane II-II of thefigure 1 ; - the
figure 3 is a schematic view in elevation and in section of an alternative embodiment of a rectilinear needling device according to the invention; - the
Figures 4 to 6 illustrate successive steps of three modes of implementation of a method according to the invention; - the
figure 7 is an elevational view of a circular needling device according to the invention; and - the
figure 8 is a top view of the tray of the needling device of thefigure 7 .
Les
Des systèmes d'entraînement 16, 18 à rouleaux presseurs sont interposés entre la table 12 et le poste d'aiguilletage 10 et entre ce dernier et la table 14.
Une plaque fibreuse P est déplacée suivant un mouvement alternatif de translation rectiligne entre la table 12 et la table 14, à travers le poste d'aiguilletage 10. La plaque P est formée de strates fibreuses empilées et aiguilletées au fur et à mesure de leur empilement. Les strates peuvent être formées de tissus, nappes unidirectionnelles ou multidirectionnelles, tricots, feutres, ou autres textures fibreuses essentiellement bidimensionnelles. Après chaque passe d'aiguilletage, lorsque la plaque P, ayant traversé complètement le poste d'aiguilletage 10, parvient sur une des tables 12 et 14, une nouvelle strate est ajoutée, et une nouvelle passe d'aiguilletage est réalisée en déplaçant la plaque dans l'autre direction.A fibrous plate P is moved in reciprocating rectilinear motion between the table 12 and the table 14, through the
Au poste d'aiguilletage 10, la plaque P passe sur un plateau support 100 au-dessus duquel est située une planche à aiguilles 110.At the
Le plateau support 100 repose sur des poutres 102 d'un bâti 104 par l'intermédiaire de vérins 106, par exemple au nombre de six, qui permettent de faire varier la position verticale du plateau 100.The
La planche à aiguilles 110 s'étend transversalement par rapport à la direction de déplacement de la plaque P, au moins sur toute la largeur de celle-ci. La planche 110 est animée d'un mouvement de translation alternatif vertical au moyen d'un ou plusieurs dispositifs d'entraînement 112 de type bielle-manivelle. Dans l'exemple illustré, deux systèmes bielles-manivelles sont prévus, reliés à la planche au voisinage des extrémités de celle-ci. Un ou plusieurs moteurs (non représentés) portés par exemple par le bâti 104 entraînent les systèmes bielles-manivelles 112.The
Les aiguilles 114 portées par la planche 110 sont munies de barbes, crochets ou fourches. Elles pénètrent dans la texture fibreuse des strates constitutives de la plaque P pour y prélever des fibres qui sont déplacées transversalement par rapport aux strates (direction Z), et lient les strates entre elles.
Une passe d'aiguilletage est réalisée après qu'une nouvelle strate fibreuse a été ajoutée en faisant avancer la plaque P au moyen des rouleaux presseurs 16, 18 de manière à ce que l'intégralité de la surface de la plaque soit décrite par les aiguilles. L'avance de la plaque peut être continue ou non. Dans ce dernier cas, un arrêt ou uns ralentissement de la plaque est commandé pendant la pénétration des aiguilles.A needling pass is made after a new fibrous layer has been added by advancing the plate P by means of the
Les vérins 106 sont commandés pour déplacer le plateau 100, de sorte que la distance entre le plateau 100 et une extrémité de fin de course des aiguilles 114 peut être variée.The
La profondeur de pénétration des aiguilles 114 dans la plaque P s'étend sur plusieurs épaisseurs de strates. Des trous 101 sont formés dans le plateau 100 au regard des aiguilles 114 pour que celles-ci puissent y pénétrer lors de l'aiguilletage des premières strates.The penetration depth of the
Des dispositifs du type de celui décrit ci-avant sont bien connus en soi. On pourra se référer notamment au document
Conformément à l'invention, un ou plusieurs capteurs d'effort sont disposés de manière à fournir un signal représentatif de l'effort exercé lors de la pénétration des aiguilles dans la plaque P.According to the invention, one or more force sensors are arranged to provide a signal representative of the force exerted during the penetration of the needles into the plate P.
Bien que la mesure des efforts puisse être réalisée au niveau de la planche à aiguilles, elle est effectuée, pour plus de commodité et afin de ne pas être affectée par les accélérations et vibrations imposées à la planche à aiguilles, au niveau du plateau 100.Although the measurement of the efforts can be carried out at the level of the needle board, it is carried out, for convenience and in order not to be affected by the accelerations and vibrations imposed on the needle board, at the level of the
Dans l'exemple illustré par les
Les signaux fournis par les capteurs 108 représentent l'effort instantané de pénétration des aiguilles. Les signaux reçus des différents capteurs peuvent être sommés ou moyennés pour fournir un signal moyen f' permettant d'élaborer une valeur f représentative de l'effort de pénétration instantané.The signals provided by the
Lorsque les aiguilles sont à l'extérieur de la plaque, un signal moyen non nul f'o peut être fourni par les signaux des capteurs, en raison d'efforts résiduels s'exerçant sur la plaque, par exemple dûs à des frottements entre la plaque et un débourreur (non représenté) appliqué sur celle-ci. L'effort f'o est mesuré par exemple au moment du passage au point mort ou efforts résiduels (volontaires ou non) dûs aux frottements débourreur-préforme haut. La valeur f représentative de l'effort de pénétration ou effort d'aiguilletage instantané proprement dit est alors égale à f'-f'o.When the needles are outside the plate, a non-zero average signal f ' o can be provided by the signals of the sensors, due to residual forces exerted on the plate, for example due to friction between the plate and a stripper (not shown) applied to it. The effort f'o is measured for example at the moment of the transition to neutral or residual efforts (voluntary or not) due to friction débourreur-preform high. The value f representative of the penetration force or instant needling effort itself is then equal to f'-f ' o .
Une grandeur F représentative de l'effort d'aiguilletage au cours de chaque pénétration des aiguilles peut être obtenue en prenant le maximum de l'effort instantané f mesuré lors de cette pénétration.A magnitude F representative of the needling force during each penetration of the needles can be obtained by taking the maximum of the instantaneous force f measured during this penetration.
A cet effet, la valeur f est échantillonnée par le circuit 109 et la grandeur F retenue est la valeur de l'échantillon d'amplitude maximale mesurée lors de chaque course des aiguilles. Le début de chaque cycle de pénétration des aiguilles peut être fixé au passage au point mort haut en leur course. Celui-ci est détecté au moyen d'un capteur 116, par exemple de type inductif ou optique coopérant par exemple avec un profil de came 113 ayant une position angulaire correspondant au point mort haut et entraîné en rotation avec la manivelle d'un des systèmes d'entraînement 112 de la planche à aiguilles. Les signaux du capteur 116 sont reçus et traités par le circuit 109.For this purpose, the value f is sampled by the
En variante, on élabore de préférence une grandeur E représentative de l'énergie de pénétration des aiguilles, laquelle peut être corrélée avec la quantité de fibres transférées en Z. Cette grandeur E est obtenue par intégration dans le temps, au moyen du circuit 109, de la mesure instantanée f de l'effort de pénétration.As a variant, a quantity E representative of the penetration energy of the needles, which may be correlated with the quantity of fibers transferred in Z, is preferably developed. This quantity E is obtained by integration over time, by means of the
Cette intégration de la valeur f est réalisée sur une période prédéfinie, par exemple la durée séparant le passage des aiguilles au point mort haut du passage des aiguilles au point mort bas de leur course.This integration of the value f is carried out over a predefined period, for example the time separating the passage of the needles to the top dead center of the passage of the needles at the bottom dead point of their stroke.
La détection du passage au point mort bas peut être réalisée de la même manière que la détection du passage au point mort haut.Detection of the bottom dead center can be done in the same way as the detection of the top dead center.
Il est possible de démarrer l'intégration de la valeur f non pas au passage au point mort haut, mais au moment de la pénétration des aiguilles dans la plaque fibreuse. Pour détecter ce moment, on peut mesurer la position instantanée de la face supérieure de la plaque fibreuse. En effet, la durée d'un cycle entre deux passages successifs au point mors haut étant connue par détection de ces passages, la course des aiguilles étant constante et connue, la connaissance de la position de la face supérieure de la plaque fibreuse, entre les points morts haut et bas, permet de déterminer à quel moment de ce cycle les aiguilles pénètrent dans la plaque fibreuse.It is possible to start the integration of the value f not at the passage to the top dead center, but at the time of the penetration of the needles into the fibrous plate. To detect this moment, it is possible to measure the instantaneous position of the upper face of the fibrous plate. Indeed, the duration of a cycle between two successive passes at the upper jaw point is known by detection of these passages, the stroke of the needles being constant and known, the knowledge of the position of the upper face of the fibrous plate, between the dead spots up and down, allows to determine at what moment of this cycle the needles penetrate in the fibrous plate.
Des moyens mécaniques sous forme de palpeurs permettent de mesurer la position de la face supérieure de la plaque fibreuse, comme décrit dans le document déjà cité
On peut aussi avantageusement utiliser des moyens de mesure optique sans contact tel qu'un ensemble émetteur/récepteur laser 118, comme décrit dans la demande de brevet
Le mode de réalisation de la
Les capteurs d'effort 108 sont ici interposés entre les embases 103 et les cylindres des vérins 106. Une disposition similaire des capteurs pourrait être adoptée pour le mode de réalisation des
Par rapport à l'installation des
Un processus d'aiguilletage selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention sera maintenant décrit en référence à la
Eventuellement après aiguilletage de quelques strates initiales superposées (étape 40), une nouvelle strate est ajoutée (étape 41) et un pas de descente est imposé au plateau (étape 42).Optionally after needling a few initial layers superimposed (step 40), a new layer is added (step 41) and a step of descent is imposed on the plateau (step 42).
Le pas de descente est prédéterminé. Pendant le processus d'aiguilletage, le pas de descente imposé au plateau après chaque passe d'aiguilletage d'une strate et superposition d'une nouvelle strate peut être constant ou varier de façon préétablie, comme décrit dans les documents précités
Pendant l'aiguilletage d'une nouvelle strate superposée, l'effort d'aiguilletage F induit par la pénétration des aiguilles dans la structure fibreuse ou l'énergie de pénétration E des aiguilles sont évalués au moyen des capteurs 106 et du circuit 109 (étape 43).During the needling of a new superimposed stratum, the needling force F induced by the penetration of the needles into the fibrous structure or the penetration energy E of the needles are evaluated by means of the
La grandeur d'effort F ou d'énergie E évaluée peut être celle déterminée à chaque pénétration des aiguilles, ou l'on peut effectuer une moyenne de mesures d'effort réalisées lors de quelques pénétrations d'aiguilles successives.The magnitude of effort F or energy E evaluated can be that determined at each penetration of the needles, or an average of effort measurements can be made during a few penetrations of successive needles.
Dans la description faite ci-après de différentes réalisations d'un processus d'aiguilletage, on envisagera l'évaluation de l'énergie E de pénétration des aiguilles, à laquelle on peut corréler la quantité de fibres transférées en Z. Ces processus pourraient, de façon similaire, être mis en oeuvre avec mesure de l'effort d'aiguilletage qui traduit l'efficacité réelle des aiguilles.In the following description of different embodiments of a needling process, consideration will be given to the evaluation of the needle penetration energy E, to which the amount of fibers transferred to Z can be correlated. These processes could, similarly, be implemented with measurement of the needling effort which reflects the actual effectiveness of the needles.
Dans le mode de réalisation de la
Si le test 45 est négatif, un signal d'alarme est produit (étape 46) indiquant que l'effort d'aiguilletage, donc l'efficacité des aiguilles, ne se trouve plus dans la plage de tolérance prédéterminée. Cela peut être dû par exemple à une usure ou une casse d'aiguilles, à un défaut de positionnement de table, ou encore à une évolution non conforme du produit aiguilleté ou des strates constituant la plaque P.If the
Les valeurs Emin et Emax sont déterminées expérimentalement en fonction notamment des caractéristiques d'aiguilletage souhaitées, notamment du taux de fibres en Z. Les valeurs Emin et Emax peuvent être fixes, ou être variables, au fur et à mesure de la constitution de la plaque P, pour suivre une loi de variation prédéterminée. Ainsi, par exemple, l'énergie de pénétration, donc le taux de fibres en Z, pourra être plus importante dans des parties de la plaque où un transfert plus grand de fibres en Z est souhaité pour accroître la résistance au délaminage.The values E min and E max are determined experimentally as a function, in particular, of the desired needling characteristics, in particular of the Z-fiber ratio. The values E min and E max may be fixed, or be variable, as and when the constitution of the plate P, to follow a predetermined law of variation. Thus, for example, the penetration energy, and thus the Z-fiber content, may be greater in portions of the plate where greater Z-fiber transfer is desired to increase the delamination resistance.
Le processus de la
Un processus d'aiguilletage selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention sera maintenant décrit en référence à la
Ce processus comprend des étapes 50 à 53 d'aiguilletage de strates initiales, d'ajout d'une nouvelle strate, de réalisation d'un pas de descente prédéterminé ainsi que d'aiguilletage et mesure d'énergie de pénétration, analogues aux étapes 40 à 43 du processus de la
L'énergie évaluée E est comparée avec des valeurs minimale E'min et maximale E'max prédéterminées, dans la mesure où la passe d'aiguilletage en cours n'est pas terminée (test 54).The evaluated energy E is compared with predetermined minimum values E ' min and maximum E' max , insofar as the current needling pass is not completed (test 54).
Lorsque l'énergie évaluée devient supérieure au seuil E'max (test 55), un incrément de descente Δh est imposé au plateau 100 (étape 56). Cela peut être réalisé pendant l'aiguilletage de la dernière strate empilée, dès que le dépassement est détecté, ou à la fin de l'aiguilletage de la strate, l'incrément Δh se superposant au pas de descente prédéterminé. Après l'étape 55, on revient à l'étape 53. Si, au test 54, la passe d'aiguilletage en cours est terminée, on revient à l'étape 51 d'ajout d'une nouvelle strate.When the evaluated energy becomes greater than the threshold E ' max (test 55), a decrease increment Δh is imposed on the plate 100 (step 56). This can be done during the needling of the last stacked layer, as soon as the overshoot is detected, or at the end of the needling of the stratum, the increment Δh superimposing on the predetermined step of descent. After
Lorsque le test 55 est négatif, on compare l'énergie évaluée E au seuil E'min. Si l'énergie évaluée est inférieure au seuil E'min (test 57), un incrément de montée Δ'h, par exemple opposé à Δh, est imposé au plateau 100 (étape 58), de façon immédiate où à la fin de la passe d'aiguilletage en cours, l'incrément Δ'h se superposant au pas de descente prédéterminé. Après l'étape 58, on passe à l'étape 53.When the
Les seuils E'min et E'max peuvent être déterminés expérimentalement et ne sont pas nécessairement égaux à ceux du processus de la
Les incréments Δh et Δ'h représentent par exemple de un à quelques % d'un pas de descente moyen.The increments Δh and Δ'h represent for example from one to a few% of a mean descent step.
On notera que les incréments Δh et Δ'h peuvent être variables, par exemple en fonction de l'amplitude du franchissement des seuils E'min et E'max.It will be noted that the increments Δh and Δ'h may be variable, for example as a function of the amplitude of crossing the thresholds E ' min and E' max .
Le processus de la
La
Après aiguilletage de strates initiales (étape 60), une nouvelle strate est ajoutée (étape 61), l'aiguilletage est démarré et l'énergie de pénétration des aiguilles E est évaluée (étape 62), comme à l'étape 43 de la
Les valeurs E"min et E"max peuvent être prédéfinies expérimentalement, en fonction des caractéristiques d'aiguilletage souhaitées. Elle peuvent être fixes, ou être variables, au fur et à mesure de la constitution de la plaque fibreuse, pour suivre une loi de variation prédéterminée.The values E " min and E" max may be predefined experimentally, depending on the desired needling characteristics. It can be fixed, or be variable, as and when the formation of the fibrous plate, to follow a predetermined law of variation.
Les pas de montée p1 et de descente p2 peuvent être égaux ou non entre eux. Leur valeur peut être fixe, ou variable, de façon prédéterminée par exemple en fonction de l'amplitude de l'écart entre E et E"min ou entre E et E"max.The rise steps p 1 and descent p 2 may be equal or not between them. Their value may be fixed, or variable, in a predetermined manner for example as a function of the amplitude of the difference between E and E " min or between E and E" max .
Bien entendu, les processus des
La mesure d'effort d'aiguilletage peut être implantée non seulement dans des dispositifs d'aiguilletage rectilignes, mais aussi dans des dispositifs d'aiguilletage circulaires.The needling force measurement can be implemented not only in straight needling devices, but also in circular needling devices.
Ainsi, les
Le disque P est entraîné en rotation et passe dans un poste d'aiguilletage comprenant une planche à aiguilles 210 qui surplombe un secteur du plateau 200 (dont l'emplacement est délimité par des traits mixtes sur la
Les aiguilles 214 portées par la planche 212 sont munies de barbes, crochets ou fourches pour prélever des fibres dans les strates empilées et les transférer à travers celles-ci lorsqu'elles pénètrent dans le disque P.The
L'entraînement du disque P en rotation peut être réalisé au moyen de rouleaux coniques tels que 22, le plateau 200 étant fixe et étant muni de trous 201 au regard des aiguilles 214. En variante, l'entraînement du disque P peut être réalisé en faisant tourner le plateau 200. Dans ce dernier cas, le plateau 200 est muni d'un revêtement dans lequel les aiguilles peuvent pénétrer sans être endommagées. Le transfert de fibres en Z dans ce revêtement solidarise le disque P avec le plateau et facilite donc son entraînement en rotation.The drive of the disk P in rotation can be achieved by means of conical rollers such as 22, the
Le plateau 200 est articulé sur un support 202 qui repose sur un bâti 204 par l'intermédiaire de vérins 206, au nombre de trois dans l'exemple illustré (voir
Un ou plusieurs capteurs d'effort 208, au nombre de deux dans l'exemple illustré, sont interposés entre le support 202 et le plateau 200.One or
Comme le montre la
Les signaux des capteurs 208 sont recueillis par un circuit de commande qui commande en particulier la rotation du disque P et les vérins 206 pour déplacer le plateau verticalement lors du processus d'aiguilletage.The signals of the
Les signaux des capteurs 208, représentatifs de l'efficacité des aiguilles lorsqu'elles pénètrent dans le disque P, ainsi que la mesure éventuelle de la position de la face supérieure du disque P, sont utilisés pour le contrôle ou la commande en temps réel de l'aiguilletage, suivant des processus tels que ceux décrits en référence aux
Claims (16)
- A method of making a needled fiber structure of the type comprising stacking fiber plies on a platen, needling the plies together as the stack is built up by means of needles that are driven with reciprocating motion in a direction that extends transversely relative to the plies, and varying the distance between the platen and an end-of-stroke position of the needles while building up the stack so as to obtain a desired distribution of needling characteristics through the thickness of the fiber structure, the method being characterized in that the instantaneous force (f) exerted during needle penetration is measured and a magnitude representing needling force (F) or penetration energy (E) is evaluated on the basis of the instantaneous force, and the evaluated magnitude (F; E) is verified for compliance with at least one predetermined condition.
- A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the needle penetration energy is evaluated by integrating the measured instantaneous force value (f).
- A method according to claim 2, characterized in that integration is performed over the duration between the needles penetrating into the fiber structure and the needles reaching the bottom dead-center point of their stroke.
- A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaluated magnitude (F) is the maximum measured value of the instantaneous force (f).
- A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the evaluated magnitude is verified for remaining substantially constant.
- A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the evaluated magnitude is verified for substantially following a predetermined variation relationship.
- A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the distance between the platen and an end-of-stroke position of the needles is varied as a function of the value of the valuated magnitude (F; E).
- A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the distance between the platen and an end-of-stroke position of the needles is varied in predetermined manner during the needling process, and, where appropriate, an additional modification of said distance is superposed whenever the evaluated magnitude (F; E) does not satisfy the predetermined condition.
- A method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the instantaneous force (f) is measured via the platen.
- Needling apparatus comprising a platen (100; 200) on which fiber plies can be stacked, a plurality of needles carried by a support above the platen, means for driving the needle support to impart reciprocating motion to the needles in a direction that extends transversely relative to the platen, and means (108; 208) for varying the distance between the platen and an end-of-stroke position of the needles, the apparatus being characterized in that at least one force sensor (106; 206) is provided suitable for providing a signal representative of the instantaneous force (f) exerted during penetration of the needles into the fiber plies stacked on the platen.
- Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that it includes means (109) for determining a maximum value (F) of the instantaneous force (f) during needle penetration.
- Apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that it includes means (109) for evaluating a magnitude representative of needle penetration energy by integrating the instantaneous force (f).
- Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that at least one force sensor (106) is interposed between the platen (100) and a support structure.
- Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the platen (200) is hinged at one of its edges and rests on at least one force sensor (206) at a location that is remote from its hinge (203).
- Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that it includes means for detecting passage of the needles through at least one of the ends of their stroke.
- Apparatus according to any one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that it includes means for measuring the position of the top surface of the stacked fiber plies on the platen.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR0107299A FR2825382B1 (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2001-06-05 | METHOD FOR REAL-TIME CHECKING THE NEEDLE OF FIBROUS STRUCTURES AND NEEDLE DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION |
FR0107299 | 2001-06-05 | ||
PCT/FR2002/001903 WO2003000978A1 (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2002-06-05 | Real time control method for needle-bonding fibrous structures and needle-bonding device for carrying out said method |
Publications (2)
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EP1392906A1 EP1392906A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
EP1392906B1 true EP1392906B1 (en) | 2010-02-17 |
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EP20020780839 Expired - Lifetime EP1392906B1 (en) | 2001-06-05 | 2002-06-05 | Real time control method for needle-bonding fibrous structures and needle-bonding device for carrying out said method |
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US (1) | US6360412B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1392906B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4195373B2 (en) |
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CN (1) | CN100340706C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE458080T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0210185A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2449666C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60235356D1 (en) |
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RU (1) | RU2289644C2 (en) |
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FR2862987B1 (en) * | 2003-11-28 | 2006-09-22 | Saint Gobain Vetrotex | GLASS MAT NEEDLED |
FR2880635B1 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2007-04-06 | Asselin Soc Par Actions Simpli | NEEDLE HEADER WITH ADJUSTABLE HEAD HEIGHT |
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FR2896518B1 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2009-02-27 | Asselin Thibeau Soc Par Action | METHOD AND MEANS FOR CONTROLLING THE FOCATION OF A NEEDLE MAKER |
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EP2673410B1 (en) * | 2011-02-08 | 2015-03-25 | Hi Tech Textile Holding GmbH | Method and device for strengthening a continuously fed material web |
FR3007043B1 (en) * | 2013-06-13 | 2015-07-03 | Messier Bugatti Dowty | NEEDLE DRIVE DEVICE FOR A FIBROUS HELICOIDAL TABLET NEEDLED |
FR3007428B1 (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2015-10-16 | Messier Bugatti Dowty | TABLE AND METHOD FOR NEEDLING A TEXTILE STRUCTURE FORMED FROM AN ANNIBLE FIBROUS PREFORM WITH RADIAL OFFSET OF THE NEEDLE HEAD |
EP2918719B1 (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2016-09-14 | Oskar Dilo Maschinenfabrik KG | Method for homogenising the puncture pattern in a needled nonwoven fabric |
US9856592B2 (en) | 2016-03-15 | 2018-01-02 | Goodrich Corporation | Methods and systems for forming a fibrous preform |
CN105755679B (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2017-10-10 | 天津工大航泰复合材料有限公司 | A kind of portable pneumatic acupuncture rifle |
CN105881567A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-08-24 | 四川巨浪智能设备有限公司 | Sheet grasping hand |
FR3064284B1 (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-04-19 | Airbus Safran Launchers Sas | INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR NEEDLEING A FIBROUS PREFORM WITH CONTROL OF CONTACT PRESSURE OF THE DEBOUREUR |
CN108844841A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-20 | 东华大学 | The detection device of the pricker degree of wear and the detection method for using the detection device |
CN111041711A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 艾达索高新材料芜湖有限公司 | On-line felt forming method for recycled fibers |
CN114086324B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-12-02 | 上海大学 | Controllable electric needling forming device |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3909891A (en) * | 1972-01-18 | 1975-10-07 | Dilo Kg Oskar | Needling Apparatus |
US4790052A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1988-12-13 | Societe Europeenne De Propulsion | Process for manufacturing homogeneously needled three-dimensional structures of fibrous material |
AT392297B (en) * | 1987-10-01 | 1991-02-25 | Fehrer Textilmasch | NEEDLE DEVICE FOR MAKING A PATTERNED FELT |
US5636420A (en) * | 1992-11-23 | 1997-06-10 | Asselin | Needling machine and needling method related thereto |
US6029327A (en) * | 1994-07-25 | 2000-02-29 | The B.F. Goodrich Company | Process for forming fibrous structures with predetermined Z-fiber distributions |
US5515585A (en) * | 1994-07-25 | 1996-05-14 | The Bf Goodrich Company | Process for forming needled fibrous structures using determined transport depth |
FR2726013B1 (en) * | 1994-10-20 | 1997-01-17 | Carbone Ind | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A FIBROUS SUBSTRATE BY SUPERIMPOSING FIBROUS LAYERS AND SUBSTRATE THUS OBTAINED |
EP0767265B1 (en) * | 1995-10-04 | 2000-12-20 | The B.F. Goodrich Company | Laminar fibrous structure having Z-fibers that penetrate a constant number of layers |
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2001
- 2001-06-05 FR FR0107299A patent/FR2825382B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-07-06 US US09/900,276 patent/US6360412B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2002
- 2002-05-06 UA UA20031211103A patent/UA76147C2/en unknown
- 2002-06-05 DE DE60235356T patent/DE60235356D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2002-06-05 JP JP2003507349A patent/JP4195373B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-06-05 RU RU2003134536A patent/RU2289644C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-06-05 CN CNB028113381A patent/CN100340706C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-05 WO PCT/FR2002/001903 patent/WO2003000978A1/en active Application Filing
- 2002-06-05 HU HU0400137A patent/HUP0400137A2/en unknown
- 2002-06-05 IL IL15876902A patent/IL158769A0/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-06-05 CA CA 2449666 patent/CA2449666C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-06-05 AT AT02780839T patent/ATE458080T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-06-05 EP EP20020780839 patent/EP1392906B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-05 KR KR1020037015072A patent/KR100842960B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-06-05 BR BR0210185A patent/BR0210185A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2003
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2825382B1 (en) | 2003-09-12 |
JP2004530807A (en) | 2004-10-07 |
IL158769A (en) | 2009-02-11 |
US6360412B1 (en) | 2002-03-26 |
EP1392906A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
CA2449666C (en) | 2008-08-19 |
IL158769A0 (en) | 2004-05-12 |
MXPA03010950A (en) | 2004-02-27 |
CN1513071A (en) | 2004-07-14 |
FR2825382A1 (en) | 2002-12-06 |
JP4195373B2 (en) | 2008-12-10 |
ATE458080T1 (en) | 2010-03-15 |
HUP0400137A2 (en) | 2005-05-30 |
BR0210185A (en) | 2004-04-27 |
RU2003134536A (en) | 2005-02-27 |
KR20040025681A (en) | 2004-03-24 |
CN100340706C (en) | 2007-10-03 |
RU2289644C2 (en) | 2006-12-20 |
DE60235356D1 (en) | 2010-04-01 |
KR100842960B1 (en) | 2008-07-01 |
WO2003000978A1 (en) | 2003-01-03 |
CA2449666A1 (en) | 2003-01-03 |
UA76147C2 (en) | 2006-07-17 |
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