EP1389971A2 - Equine inhalation mask - Google Patents

Equine inhalation mask

Info

Publication number
EP1389971A2
EP1389971A2 EP02747164A EP02747164A EP1389971A2 EP 1389971 A2 EP1389971 A2 EP 1389971A2 EP 02747164 A EP02747164 A EP 02747164A EP 02747164 A EP02747164 A EP 02747164A EP 1389971 A2 EP1389971 A2 EP 1389971A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mask
inhalation
horse
channel
filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02747164A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1389971B1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Schmehl
Tobias Gessler
Kerstin Fey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Transmit Gesellschaft fuer Technologietransfer mbH
Original Assignee
Transmit Gesellschaft fuer Technologietransfer mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Transmit Gesellschaft fuer Technologietransfer mbH filed Critical Transmit Gesellschaft fuer Technologietransfer mbH
Publication of EP1389971A2 publication Critical patent/EP1389971A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1389971B1 publication Critical patent/EP1389971B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
    • A61D7/00—Devices or methods for introducing solid, liquid, or gaseous remedies or other materials into or onto the bodies of animals
    • A61D7/04—Devices for anaesthetising animals by gases or vapours; Inhaling devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an inhalation mask for horses.
  • the invention relates to the technical field of devices for influencing the breathing system of horses by introducing substances into the breathing system. It has been known here for a few years that the deposition of active substances in the lungs by inhalation, compared to oral administration or injection, leads to an improvement in effectiveness, considerable dose reduction and avoidance of undesirable side effects. Since horses suffer greatly from respiratory tract diseases, effective inhalation therapy can help prevent economic damage. Such devices for horses have been known for some time, and various approaches have been followed.
  • US Pat. No. 5,062,423 provides for the use of an endotracheal-like nasal probe which is introduced into the nasopharynx of horses
  • US Pat. No. 5,666,948 proposes a device which can be inserted somewhat more easily into the anterior nasal area of horses.
  • the use of the proposed devices places high demands on the animal owner or user due to their invasiveness.
  • some sponsorship notices propose devices called inhalation masks.
  • No. 5,954,049 from Trudeil Medical Limited, Canada describes a mask with an MDI adapter for horses with a source for providing medicament aerosols and an aerosol chamber with an inlet and outlet valve.
  • the real Before the advantage of the mask is that the mask is designed to be adapted to the front part of the horse's head and accordingly no invasive measures are necessary for aerosol application.
  • the proposed mask preferably has an inhalation channel and at least one exhalation channel separated therefrom, it being possible for all channels to be designed with valves, so that exhalation is only possible via the corresponding channel and inhalation only via the aerosol chamber.
  • Nozzle nebulisers operated by compressors are often used to provide the medication.
  • metered dose inhalers can be used for some drugs, in which the user has to adjust the release of the drugs to the inhalation of the horses at the push of a button.
  • antechambers in order to be able to administer a dose that is sufficiently high for horses, antechambers (so-called spacers) have been developed that can be placed on the inhalation mask. The drug release from the spacer must also be adjusted to the inhalation by observing the horse by the user.
  • Another disadvantage for the horses is the restricted freedom of movement when using the line-bound medication. Without special connecting devices, the user must constantly fix the horse's head and feed line. The loud or irregular noises made by compressor Most horses, especially those based on MDIs, are very annoying. With MDIs in particular, it can happen that the user lets the medication flow out when the horses inhale, but the horse - due to the unusual hissing sound of the drug release - stops the inhalation process, so that the deposition of the medication at the destination lung in extreme cases is impossible. The aforementioned problems consequently lead to deficient deposition of the mostly expensive medication in the lungs of the horses.
  • the inhalation mask described in US Pat. No. 5,954,049 provides for the installation of expiration and / or inspiration valves in order to ensure a functional air flow through the mask.
  • expiration and / or inspiration valves increase breathing resistance, especially if moisture from the exhaled air has already deposited on them. If such valves are located in the inspiratory limb of the mask between the aerosol generator and the horse's nostrils, aerosol particles can deposit there, which are then no longer available for inhalation. This reduces the efficiency of the system and medication is lost.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an inhalation mask for horses, which has a filtration of the expiratory air, an optimized sealing of the mask on the horse's head and a valve-free air duct and is also economical and user-friendly to handle.
  • At least one combined inhalation / exhalation channel a distribution channel in the case of only one inhalation / exhalation channel for distributing the inhalation air to both nostrils of the horse, preferably an inhalation source integrated at least partially into each of the at least one inhalation / exhalation channels with integrated breath control Piezo nebulizer or other supply-free aerosol generators, filter elements and filter holders attached in the direction of inhalation upstream of the inhalation source, a saliva pick-up / drainage element attached to the smaller, closed base, - a mask sealing ring,
  • At least two mask holding elements At least two mask holding elements, a mask sealing stocking.
  • the oval, tapered, bucket-shaped inhalation mask with a larger one open towards the horse's head The base side and a smaller, closed base side are characterized according to the invention in that they consist of a flexible, but essentially dimensionally stable material, for example plastic, and are preferably transparent and / or, according to the invention, have a roughened area on the inner wall, which extends at least 10 cm from the edge of the horse's head to the smaller base.
  • the at least one combined inlet / outlet duct according to the present invention is characterized in that the free flow cross-section is as large as possible over the entire duct length, but is at least 4 cm 2 , that it is attached at the level of the nostrils, that it is fixed or repeated is detachably connected to the inhalation mask, that it has an integrated holder, into which inhalation sources can be inserted interchangeably, and that an interchangeable filter element is attached to or in front of the channel opening at the opening of the channel facing the outside air, which filter filter is attached to the channel wall is releasably fixable and covers the entire free channel opening.
  • a filter holder with exchangeable filter membrane or a disposable filter can be attached in front of the opening of the channel facing the outside air, the area of the filter membrane preferably being larger than the cross-sectional area of the inlet / outlet channel in order to control the flow resistance during inspiration and expiration to keep as low as possible.
  • the filter elements used according to the invention preferably consist of glass fiber ceramic for mechanical filtration or of polypropylene for electrostatic filtration of the exhaled air and thus serve to protect people in the area around the inhaling horse.
  • the filter material can be adapted and modified to the physicochemical properties of the active substances used and can consist, for example, of activated carbon or coated activated carbon.
  • two combined inlet / outlet channels are provided in the inhalation mask at the level of the left and right nostrils in such a way that the inhaled air enriched with aerosol experiences as little change of direction as possible on the way from the aerosol generator to the respective nasal passage in order to avoid aerosol losses due to To avoid impaction.
  • the use of a distribution channel for the air flow from the inhalation / exhalation channel is according to the invention the horse's nostrils.
  • the distribution channel according to the invention is characterized in that the free flow cross-section at any point of the divided flow path from the on / off channel to the mask breathing openings, in the sum of the channels, is at least 4 cm 2 and that the partial arms of the distribution channel are symmetrical and end opposite the nostrils.
  • the inhalation sources integrated in the at least one combined inlet / outlet channel generate a medicinal aerosol that is respirable for the horse and are characterized in that they have an integrated breath control and energy supply.
  • Piezo nebulizers such as are known, for example, from EP 0 923 957 A1 are proposed as the inhalation sources according to the invention.
  • Inhalation sources of this type can be of very small dimensions construct conditions that allow the inhalation source to be attached in the inhalation channels of the mask.
  • piezo nebulizers are characterized by negligible noise development during aerosol delivery, so that the inspiration process of the horses is not disturbed. This type of nebuliser offers the possibility of applying the total dose over several minutes, so that quiet inhalations are guaranteed.
  • the proposed breath control offers the advantage that the user does not have to carry out the aerosol release himself and coordinate with the horse's breathing pattern, and the medication is only released economically when inspired.
  • the sensor element for breath control is e.g. the flow sensors shown in DE 199 42 675 or the pressure sensors described in WO 97/48431.
  • thermometers offset in the flow direction for example offset by the extent of the inhalation source, on or in the inhalation source and compare them with a Wheatstone bridge, so that, in the event of inhalation, the Control unit belonging to the control unit to give the signal for generating inhalation.
  • the saliva receptacle / drainage element attached to the smaller, closed base side is characterized in that it is attached as a bulge at the lower edge of the smaller base side facing the horse's mouth and is repeatedly removable or apparently made of easy-to-clean material, e.g. Plastic, preferably transparent plastic for simplified level control is made.
  • easy-to-clean material e.g. Plastic, preferably transparent plastic for simplified level control is made.
  • the sealing ring consists of a flexible, reversibly deformable material, preferably of airtight and washable coated foam, and according to the invention is roughened in the area of the outer half of the surface.
  • the sealing ring is designed according to the invention as a soft hose which is at least a quarter filled with a jelly-like, flexible material.
  • the mask can be adapted to the different horse head sizes in a wide range.
  • the inside diameter of the sealing ring can preferably be configured differently, whereas the outside diameter of the sealing ring remains unchanged adapted to the inside diameter of the inhalation mask.
  • the at least two mask holding elements are firmly attached to the outside of the inhalation mask, at a maximum distance of 20 cm from the edge of the larger, open base side of the mask.
  • the fastening elements are designed as rounded hooks which are open towards the bottom and towards the smaller base side of the mask and are located on the side opposite the inhalation mask.
  • a holding strap can be attached to each holding element and detachably and securely connected to the horse half, in order to fix the inhalation mask on the horse's head.
  • the mask sealing stocking consists of an air-impermeable, rubber-like, reversibly stretchable material, is open on both sides and has at least two metal-reinforced openings on one edge for the passage of the mask holding elements.
  • the mask sealing stocking is circumferentially firmly connected to the outer wall of the inhalation mask in the region of the larger base side open towards the horse's head. Due to its rubber-like elasticity, the free end of the sealing stocking forms a smaller opening circumference than the larger base side of the inhalation mask which is open towards the horse's head.
  • the inhalation mask - in the case of a separate sealing stocking which is not firmly connected to the mask - is now put on with the following working steps:
  • the mask sealing ring is pushed over the horse's mouth, down to the chin pit and up over the bridge of the nose.
  • the conical inhalation mask with the opening is pushed over the sealing ring and thereby wedged by the roughening on the inner wall of the mask and / or on the sealing ring.
  • the part of the mask sealing stocking that has been turned up is turned down again and the tall reinforced openings of the stocking placed over the mask support elements. If the openings come too far below or above the mask holder elements and / or no tensile stress mediated via the stocking on the holder elements and thus on the mask has been built up, the sealing stocking under the straps of the horse halter must be pulled up or down before the straps are tightened over the sealing stocking by the fasteners on the noseband.
  • the mask will hold on the horse's head due to the wedging.
  • the length-adjustable tether is now attached to them, which also attaches the mask and sealing stocking to the horse's neck.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the attachment method according to the invention consists in that, neglecting the mask sealing stocking, the horse-halter straps are fastened directly under the mask holders and stretched over the upper edge of the oval mask body. As a result, the oval mask body is pressed against the inner sealing ring by the belt tension.
  • the inhalation mask is applied according to the invention with the following work steps:
  • the mask sealing ring is pushed over the horse's mouth, down to the chin pit and up over the bridge of the nose.
  • the conical inhalation mask with the opening is pushed over the sealing ring and thereby wedged by the roughening on the inner wall of the mask and / or on the sealing ring.
  • the part of the mask sealing stocking which has been turned down is folded back upwards onto the horse's head and the inhalation mask is fixed to the head by means of the holding straps or holster using the mask holding elements.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a horse's head with the basic structure of the inhalation mask according to the invention in longitudinal section, without laterally attached inhalation / exhalation channels, with saliva receiving / draining element on the front, with mask sealing ring, with the top and bottom attached Mask holding elements for the circumferential mask sealing stocking.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the inhalation mask with the head-side opening of the mask and a mask sealing ring according to the invention in the foreground and two schematically indicated combined inhalation / exhalation channels according to the invention with a schematically shown inhalation source in the right inhalation / exhalation channel, and a filter element and a filter holder ring ,
  • Fig. 3 is a partially broken, schematic representation of the inhalation / exhalation channel and perspective view of the inhalation source from Fig. 2 with holder of the inhalation source.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of the inhalation / exhalation channel from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 with filter element and filter holding ring.
  • 4b shows a schematic side view of an inhalation / removal channel with a holder for an inhalation source attached to the inner wall of the inhalation / exhalation channel and attachable Z-exhalation channel expansion and tapering elements, which also act as filter holders, for expanding the flow cross section in the area of the filter element.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic, broken view from above of an inhalation mask according to the invention with only one inhalation / exhalation channel on the top of the mask and distribution channel in the area of the nostrils.
  • the mask holding elements are attached laterally and, like the mask sealing stocking and horse halter, are shown in a horizontal cross section.
  • FIG. 6 shows a vertical cross section through the inhalation mask according to FIG. 5 along section line A-B with mask breathing openings, distribution channel, inhalation / exhalation channel and inhalation source integrated therein.
  • FIG. 7 shows a top view of an inhalation mask according to the invention, which differs from the previous embodiments in that the inhalation / exhalation channel with an integrated inhalation source is attached to the front end of the mask and the distribution channel the inhalation / exhalation air laterally from the front End of the mask leads to or away from the nostrils.
  • FIG. 8 shows a horizontal cross section through the inhalation mask according to the invention according to FIG. 7 with the elements inhalation / exhalation channel with inhalation source attached to the front end of the mask and the distribution channel leading from front to back to the nostrils.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the basic attachment of the inhalation mask in a schematic, broken side view of a horse's head with the inhalation mask (1) according to the invention in cross section. Attached to the side and therefore not shown here are the inhalation / exhalation channels according to the invention with an integrated inhalation source and filter elements. Instruments. Shown are the saliva receiving / draining element (13) on the front, the mask sealing ring (10), mask holding elements (12) attached above and below for the circumferential mask sealing stump (11). After wedging with the sealing ring (10), the inhalation mask (1) is prevented from slipping off the head of the horse again by connection to the horse halter (15) directly on the mounting elements (12) or via the mask sealing stocking (11). It is particularly advantageous the roughening of the Dichtrin 'gs and / or the inner surface of the mask. For attachment, the sealing ring (10) is guided over the horse's mouth and nose to the chin pit and then fixed by pulling further over the nose.
  • the mask is sealed off from the surroundings by the flexible ring and by the stretchable sealing stocking or by the flexible ring and by tightening the lower two sections of the halter.
  • the mask In the first case the mask is pressed against the horse's head by the tensile forces of the expanded sealing stocking, in the latter case by the forces of the tightened straps of the horse's halter and thus the sealing ring around the horse's head.
  • This form of pressure is familiar to horses through the use of halters.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the inhalation mask (1) with the head-side opening of the mask and a mask sealing ring (10) according to the invention in the foreground, as well as two schematically indicated combined inhalation / exhalation channels (2) with a schematically illustrated content source ( 7) in the right inhalation / exhalation channel.
  • the two inhalation / exhalation channels (2) are level with the nostrils. attached.
  • the inhalation source (7) is repeatedly detachably connected to the wall of the channel (2b) by a holder (8).
  • the inhalation source is repeatedly held releasably, so that an integrated energy and inhalation supply is possible.
  • Fig. 3 shows a partially broken, schematic representation of the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) and the inhalation source (7) from Fig. 2 with holder (8) of the inhalation source.
  • the inhalation source shown here by way of example in a cylindrical form can e.g. are repeatedly held releasably in that the inhalation source is introduced into one part of a two-part cylinder (8b) with a holding ring (8c) and then through the second part of the cylinder and a holding ring (8c) which is connected to the holding device Rods (8a) is attached to the filter support ring (5b), is fixed.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of the inhalation / exhalation channel from FIGS. 2 and 3 with filter elements (5a, b) and filter holding ring (6).
  • the final fixation of the inhalation source (7, not shown here) in the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) is then carried out by inserting the filter support ring (5b) with mounting ring (8b), inserting a filter (5a) and e.g. Screw in the filter holder ring (6).
  • FIG. 4b shows, similar to FIG. 4, a schematic side view of an inhalation / exhalation channel, but here with an inhalation source (7) attached to the inner wall of the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) with integrated breath control and onto the channel (2) attachable enlargement and rejuvenation.
  • supply elements (2a, b) which also serve as filter holders and enlarge the flow cross-section in the area of the filter element (5).
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic, broken view from above of an inhalation mask according to the invention with only an inhalation / exhalation channel (2) on the top of the mask and a distribution channel (3) in the area of the nostrils. The use of only one inhalation source can be useful in order to achieve low costs and low maintenance.
  • the mask holder elements (12) are attached laterally and : as the mask sealing stocking (11) and the horse halter (15) are shown in a horizontal cross section.
  • FIG. 6 shows a vertical cross section through the inhalation mask (1) according to FIG. 5 along the section line AB with mask breathing openings (4), distribution channel (3), inhalation / exhalation channel (2) on the top of the mask and an inhalation source integrated therein (7). Due to the high breath volume of horses (up to 50 - 180 liters / minute), care must be taken in this advantageous embodiment that the one inhalation / exhalation channel and the distribution channel are sufficiently large. A free flow cross section of less than 4 cm 2 should be avoided here. The inhalation mask is not accepted by horses with smaller flow cross-sections.
  • Fig. 7 shows a top view of a particularly advantageous embodiment of the inhalation mask according to the invention (1), which differs in the previous embodiments in that the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) with here hidden, integrated inhalation source (7) at the front end the mask (1) is attached and the distribution channel guides the inhaled / exhaled air laterally from the front end of the mask to the nostrils.
  • FIG. 8 shows the particularly advantageous embodiment of the inhalation mask according to FIG. 7 in a horizontal right cross-section with the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) with inhalation source (7) and the distribution carlet (3) leading from front to back to the nostrils.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Particle Formation And Scattering Control In Inkjet Printers (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Bidet-Like Cleaning Device And Other Flush Toilet Accessories (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an equine inhalation mask, comprising at least one valveless combined inhalation and exhalation conduit, into which inhalant sources comprising respiration control elements and an energy supply that does not require supply lines are interchangeably integrated. A filter system is mounted on the outer end of the inhalation and exhalation conduit facing away from the head of the horse. Said system and the fact that the mask is effectively sealed when on the head of the horse prevent any escape of the aerosol into the environment, thus permitting a reliable inhalation therapy lasting several minutes under normal respiratory conditions.

Description

Bezeichnung der Erfindung: Inhalationsmaske für Pferde Title of the invention: Inhalation mask for horses
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Inhalationsmaske für Pferde.The invention relates to an inhalation mask for horses.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf das technische Gebiet der Vorrichtungen zur Beeinflussung des Atemsystems von Pferden durch das Einbringen von Substanzen in das Atemsystem. Hier ist seit einigen Jahren bekannt, dass die Deposition von Wirkstoffen in der Lunge durch Inhalation, im Vergleich zur oralen Gabe oder Injektion, zu einer Wirkungsverbesserung, erheblichen Dosisreduktion und Vermeidung unerwünschter Nebenwirkungen führt. Da Pferde in hohem Maße an Erkrankungen des Atemtraktes leiden, kann eine effektive Inhalationsthera- pie dazu beitragen, wirtschaftliche Schäden abzuwenden. Solche Vorrichtungen für Pferde sind schon einige Zeit bekannt, wobei verschiedene Ansätze verfolgt wurden.The invention relates to the technical field of devices for influencing the breathing system of horses by introducing substances into the breathing system. It has been known here for a few years that the deposition of active substances in the lungs by inhalation, compared to oral administration or injection, leads to an improvement in effectiveness, considerable dose reduction and avoidance of undesirable side effects. Since horses suffer greatly from respiratory tract diseases, effective inhalation therapy can help prevent economic damage. Such devices for horses have been known for some time, and various approaches have been followed.
Die US 3,915,165 und 4,143,658 beschreiben intratracheale Injektionssysteme für die Verabreichung von trockenen Medika- enten in einer gasförmigen Suspension.US 3,915,165 and 4,143,658 describe intratracheal injection systems for the administration of dry medicines in a gaseous suspension.
Für die Verabreichung von Aerosolen sieht die US 5,062,423 die Verwendung einer endotracheal-ähnlichen Nasensonde vor, die in den Nasopharynx von Pferden eingebracht wird, während die US 5,666,948 eine Vorrichtung vorschlägt, die etwas ein- facher in den vorderen Nasenbereich von Pferden einführbar ist. Die Anwendung der vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtungen stellt aufgrund ihrer Invasivität hohe Anforderungen an den Tierhalter oder Anwender. Zur Vereinfachung der Verabreichung schlagen einige Patenan- meidungen Vorrichtungen vor, die als Inhalationsmasken bezeichnet werden.For the administration of aerosols, US Pat. No. 5,062,423 provides for the use of an endotracheal-like nasal probe which is introduced into the nasopharynx of horses, while US Pat. No. 5,666,948 proposes a device which can be inserted somewhat more easily into the anterior nasal area of horses. The use of the proposed devices places high demands on the animal owner or user due to their invasiveness. To simplify administration, some sponsorship notices propose devices called inhalation masks.
So beschreibt die US 5,954,049 der Fa. Trudeil Medical Limited, Kanada, eine Maske mit MDI-Adapter für Pferde mit einer Quelle zur Bereitstellung von Medikamenten-Aerosolen und ei- ner Aerosolkammer mit Ein- und Ausgangsventil. Der eigentli- ehe Vorteil der Maske besteht darin, daß die Maske an den vorderen Teil des Pferdekopfes angepaßt ausgelegt ist und entsprechend keine invasάven Maßnahmen für die Aerosolapplikation erforderlich sinέi. Die vorgeschlagene Maske verfügt vorzugsweise über einen Ein- und mindestens einen davon getrennten Ausatemkanal, wobei alle Kanäle mit Ventilen ausgelegt werden können, so daß das Ausatmen nur über den entsprechenden Kanal und das Einatmen nur über die Aerosolkammer möglich ist. Zur Bereitstellung der Medikamente werden vielfach von Kompressoren betriebene Düsenvernebler verwendet. Die Medikamen- ten-Aerosole werden dann über Schläuche zu den Einatemöffnungen der Masken geführt. Alternativ dazu können für einige Medikamente Dosieraerosole (sog. Metered Dose Inhaler, MDI) verwendet werden, bei denen der Anwender über Tastendruck die Freigabe der Medikamente auf die Einatmung der Pferde abstimmen muß. Um eine für Pferde genügend hohe Dosis verabreichen zu könnnen, wurden Vorkammern (sog. Spacer) entwickelt, die auf die Inhalationsmaske aufgesetzt werden können. Die Medi- kamentenfreigabe aus dem Spacer muss ebenfalls mittels Beobachtung des Pferdes durch den Anwender auf die Einatmung abgestimmt werden.No. 5,954,049 from Trudeil Medical Limited, Canada, describes a mask with an MDI adapter for horses with a source for providing medicament aerosols and an aerosol chamber with an inlet and outlet valve. The real Before the advantage of the mask is that the mask is designed to be adapted to the front part of the horse's head and accordingly no invasive measures are necessary for aerosol application. The proposed mask preferably has an inhalation channel and at least one exhalation channel separated therefrom, it being possible for all channels to be designed with valves, so that exhalation is only possible via the corresponding channel and inhalation only via the aerosol chamber. Nozzle nebulisers operated by compressors are often used to provide the medication. The medicament aerosols are then led through hoses to the inhalation openings of the masks. As an alternative, metered dose inhalers (so-called metered dose inhalers, MDI) can be used for some drugs, in which the user has to adjust the release of the drugs to the inhalation of the horses at the push of a button. In order to be able to administer a dose that is sufficiently high for horses, antechambers (so-called spacers) have been developed that can be placed on the inhalation mask. The drug release from the spacer must also be adjusted to the inhalation by observing the horse by the user.
Nachteile des Standes der TechnikDisadvantages of the prior art
Die Nachteile im Stand der Technik ergeben sich unter anderem durch die fehlende Akzeptanz der Vorrichtungen bei den Pferden oder bei den Anwendern.The disadvantages in the prior art result inter alia from the lack of acceptance of the devices by the horses or by the users.
Insbesondere das Einführen von Sonden oder dergleichen in die Nasenöffnungen ist für Pferde unangenehm und für den Anwender damit schwierig, zumal bei den meisten Tieren kein Gewöh- nungs- sondern eher ein Abwehreffekt eintritt.In particular, the insertion of probes or the like into the nostrils is uncomfortable for horses and therefore difficult for the user, especially since most animals do not get used to them, but rather a defense effect.
Für die Pferde von Nachteil ist außerdem die eingeschränkte Bewegungsfreiheit bei der leitungsgebundenen Medikamentenzuführung. Ohne spezielle Anbindevorrichtungen muss der Anwender ständig Pferdekopf und Zuleitung fixieren. Die lauten bzw. unregelmässig erfolgenden Geräusche, die von Kompresso- ren und besonders von MDIs ausgehen, werden von den meisten Pferden als sehr störend empfunden. Insbesondere bei MDIs kann es dazu kommen, daß der Anwender zwar mit Einatmen der Pferde das Medikament ausströmen läßt, aber das Pferd - auf- grund des ungewohnt zischenden Geräusches der Medikamentenfreigabe - den Einatemvorgang abbricht, so daß die Deposition des Medikaments am Zielort Lunge in Extremfällen unmöglich ist. Durch die vorgenannten Probleme kommt es folglich zu einer mangelhaften Deposition der zumeist teuren Medikamente in der Lunge der Pferde.Another disadvantage for the horses is the restricted freedom of movement when using the line-bound medication. Without special connecting devices, the user must constantly fix the horse's head and feed line. The loud or irregular noises made by compressor Most horses, especially those based on MDIs, are very annoying. With MDIs in particular, it can happen that the user lets the medication flow out when the horses inhale, but the horse - due to the unusual hissing sound of the drug release - stops the inhalation process, so that the deposition of the medication at the destination lung in extreme cases is impossible. The aforementioned problems consequently lead to deficient deposition of the mostly expensive medication in the lungs of the horses.
Die in US 5,954,049 beschriebene Inhalationsmaske sieht das Anbringen von Exspirations- und/oder Inspirationsventilen vor, um einen funktionsgemäßen Luftfluss durch die Maske zu gewährleisten. Derartige Ventile erhöhen jedoch den Atemwiderstand, insbesondere, wenn sich bereits Feuchtigkeit aus der Ausatemluft an ihnen niedergeschlagen hat. Befinden sich derartige Ventile im inspiratorischen Schenkel der Maske zwischen dem Aerosolgenerator und den Nasenöffnungen des Pfer- des, so können sich dort Aerosolpartikel niederschlagen, die dann nicht mehr zur Inhalation zur Verfügung stehen. Dadurch sinkt die Effizienz des Systems und Medikament geht verloren.The inhalation mask described in US Pat. No. 5,954,049 provides for the installation of expiration and / or inspiration valves in order to ensure a functional air flow through the mask. However, such valves increase breathing resistance, especially if moisture from the exhaled air has already deposited on them. If such valves are located in the inspiratory limb of the mask between the aerosol generator and the horse's nostrils, aerosol particles can deposit there, which are then no longer available for inhalation. This reduces the efficiency of the system and medication is lost.
Weiterhin geht ein erhebliches Gesundheitsrisiko davon aus, daß die für den Menschen ebenfalls hoch wirksamen Medikamente durch die Ausatemkanäle und undichte Masken in die Atemluft des Anwenders gelangen. Die bisher vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtungen und Inhalationsmasken sehen keine Möglichkeit vor, die partiell mit Medikamenten beladene Exspirationsluft zu fil- tern. Im allgemeinen erfordert die Applikation von inhalati- ven Medikamenten beim Pferd die Aufsicht und Anwesenheit eines Anwenders, der den in die Umgebungsluft freigesetzten me- dikamententragenden Aerosolen ausgesetzt ist. Insbesondere bei der Anwendung von MDIs können die Anwender den Pfer- destall während der Medikamentenabgabe keinesfalls verlassen, da der Zeitpunkt der Medikamentenabgabe auf die Atmung des Pferdes abgestimmt sein muß.Furthermore, a considerable health risk assumes that the medications, which are also highly effective for humans, get into the breathing air of the user through the exhalation channels and leaky masks. The devices and inhalation masks proposed up to now do not provide any possibility of filtering the expired air that is partially loaded with medication. In general, the application of inhaled medication to the horse requires the supervision and presence of a user who is exposed to the aerosols containing medication released into the ambient air. In particular, when using MDIs, users can never leave the horse stable while dispensing medication, since the time of drug delivery must be adjusted to the horse's breathing.
Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Inhalationsmaske für Pferde vorzusehen, welche eine Filtration der Exspirations- luft, eine optimierte Abdichtung der Maske am Pferdekopf sowie eine ventilfreie Luftführung aufweist und zudem in der Handhabung ökonomisch und anwenderfreundlich ist.The object of the invention is therefore to provide an inhalation mask for horses, which has a filtration of the expiratory air, an optimized sealing of the mask on the horse's head and a valve-free air duct and is also economical and user-friendly to handle.
Lösung der AufgabeSolution of the task
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Inhalationsmaske (1) für Pferde mit einem ovalen, konisch zulaufenden Querschnitt mit einer zum Pferdekopf hin geöffneten, größeren Grundseite und einer kleineren, geschlossenen Grundseite, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine oder mehrere der nachfolgenden Vorrichtungen aufweist, nämlichThe object is achieved by an inhalation mask (1) for horses with an oval, tapered cross-section with a larger base side open towards the horse's head and a smaller, closed base side, characterized in that it has one or more of the following devices, namely
- mindestens einen kombinierten Ein-/Ausatemkanal, einen Verteilungskanal im Falle nur eines Ein-/Ausatem- kanals zur Verteilung der Einatemluft auf beide Nasenöffnungen des Pferdes, eine zumindest teilweise in jeden der mindestens einen Ein-/Ausatemkanäle integrierte Inhalatquelle mit integrierter Atemzugsteuerung, vorzugsweise Piezo-Vernebler oder andere zuleitungsfreie Aerosolgeneratoren, in Einatemstromrichtung vor der Inhalatquelle angebrachte Filterelemente und Filterhalter, ein an der kleineren, geschlossenen Grundseite angebrachtes Speichelaufnahme-/Ablasselement, - einen Masken-Dichtring,- At least one combined inhalation / exhalation channel, a distribution channel in the case of only one inhalation / exhalation channel for distributing the inhalation air to both nostrils of the horse, preferably an inhalation source integrated at least partially into each of the at least one inhalation / exhalation channels with integrated breath control Piezo nebulizer or other supply-free aerosol generators, filter elements and filter holders attached in the direction of inhalation upstream of the inhalation source, a saliva pick-up / drainage element attached to the smaller, closed base, - a mask sealing ring,
- mindestens zwei Masken-Halterungselemente, einen Masken-DichtStrumpf .- At least two mask holding elements, a mask sealing stocking.
Die ovale, konisch zulaufende, eimerförmige Inhalations- maske mit einer zum Pferdekopf hin geöffneten, größeren Grundseite und einer kleineren, geschlossenen Grundseite ist dabei erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus einem flexiblen, aber im wesentlichen formstabilen Material, z.B. Kunststoff besteht und vorzugsweise transparent ausge- bildet ist und/oder erfihdungsgemäß an der Innenwandung über einen gesamtumfänglich, aufgerauhten Bereich verfügt, der sich vom pferdekopfseitigen Rand bis mindestens 10 cm davon beabstandet zur kleineren Grundseite hin erstreckt.The oval, tapered, bucket-shaped inhalation mask with a larger one open towards the horse's head The base side and a smaller, closed base side are characterized according to the invention in that they consist of a flexible, but essentially dimensionally stable material, for example plastic, and are preferably transparent and / or, according to the invention, have a roughened area on the inner wall, which extends at least 10 cm from the edge of the horse's head to the smaller base.
Der mindestens eine kombinierte Ein-/Auslaßkanal nach der vorliegenden Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der freie Strömungsquerschnitt auf der gesamten Kanallänge möglichst groß ausgestaltet ist, mindestens jedoch 4 cm2 beträgt, daß er in Höhe der Nasenöffnungen angebracht ist, daß er fest oder wiederholt lösbar mit der Inhalationsmaske verbunden ist, daß er über eine integrierte Halterung verfügt, in welche Inhalatquellen austauschbar eingebracht werden können und daß an der der Außenluft zugewandten Öffnung des Kanals ein austauschbares Filterelement in oder vor der Kanalöffnung angebracht ist, das über einen Filterverschluß mit der Kanalwandung lösbar fixierbar ist und die gesamte freie Kanalöffnung abdeckt . In einer anderen Ausführung kann vor der der Außenluft zugewandten Öffnung des Kanals ein Filterhalter mit austauschbarer Filtermembran oder ein Einmalfilter angebracht sein, wobei die Fläche der Filtermembran vorzugsweise größer als die Querschnittsfläche des Ein-/Auslaßkanals ausgebildet ist, um den Strömungswiderstand bei In- und Exspiration möglichst gering zu halten.The at least one combined inlet / outlet duct according to the present invention is characterized in that the free flow cross-section is as large as possible over the entire duct length, but is at least 4 cm 2 , that it is attached at the level of the nostrils, that it is fixed or repeated is detachably connected to the inhalation mask, that it has an integrated holder, into which inhalation sources can be inserted interchangeably, and that an interchangeable filter element is attached to or in front of the channel opening at the opening of the channel facing the outside air, which filter filter is attached to the channel wall is releasably fixable and covers the entire free channel opening. In another embodiment, a filter holder with exchangeable filter membrane or a disposable filter can be attached in front of the opening of the channel facing the outside air, the area of the filter membrane preferably being larger than the cross-sectional area of the inlet / outlet channel in order to control the flow resistance during inspiration and expiration to keep as low as possible.
Die erfindungsgemäß eingesetzten Filterelemente bestehen vorzugsweise aus Glasfaser-Keramik zur mechanischen Filtra- tion oder aus Polypropylen zur elektrostatischen Filtration der Ausatemluft und dienen damit zum Schutz der Menschen in der Umgebung des inhalierenden Pferdes. Das Filtermaterial kann darüber hinaus den physikalisch-chemischen Eigenschaften der eingesetzten Wirkstoffe angepaßt und modifiziert werden und beispielsweise aus Aktivkohle oder beschichteter Aktiv- kohle bestehen.The filter elements used according to the invention preferably consist of glass fiber ceramic for mechanical filtration or of polypropylene for electrostatic filtration of the exhaled air and thus serve to protect people in the area around the inhaling horse. In addition, the filter material can be adapted and modified to the physicochemical properties of the active substances used and can consist, for example, of activated carbon or coated activated carbon.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung sind zwei kombinierte Ein-/Auslaßkanäle in der Inhalationsmaske in Höhe der linken und rechten Nasenöffnung angebracht, derart, dass die mit Aerosol angereicherte Einatemluft auf dem Weg vom Ae- rosolgenerator zum jeweiligen Nasengang möglichst keine Richtungsänderung erfährt, um Aerosolverluste durch Impaktion zu vermeiden.In a particularly preferred embodiment, two combined inlet / outlet channels are provided in the inhalation mask at the level of the left and right nostrils in such a way that the inhaled air enriched with aerosol experiences as little change of direction as possible on the way from the aerosol generator to the respective nasal passage in order to avoid aerosol losses due to To avoid impaction.
Für den Fall, daß aus Kostengründen, zur einfacheren Handhabung oder zur Verringerung des Gewichts in der Maske nur eine Inhalatquelle insgesamt in Kombination mit einem Ein-/Ausatemkanal eingesetzt werden soll, wird erfindungsgemäß die Verwendung eines Verteilungskanals für den Luftstrom vom Ein-/Ausatemkanal zu den Nasenöffnungen des Pferdes vorgesehen.In the event that only one inhalation source in total is to be used in combination with an inhalation / exhalation channel for cost reasons, for easier handling or to reduce the weight in the mask, the use of a distribution channel for the air flow from the inhalation / exhalation channel is according to the invention the horse's nostrils.
Der erfindungsgemäße Verteilungskanal ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der freie Strömungsquerschnitt an jeder beliebigen Stelle des aufgeteilten Strömungspfades vom Ein- /Ausate kanal zu den Masken-Atemöffnungen, in der Summe der Kanäle, mindestens 4 cm2 beträgt und daß die Teilarme des Verteilungskanals symmetrisch ausgebildet sind und gegenüber den Nasenöffnungen enden.The distribution channel according to the invention is characterized in that the free flow cross-section at any point of the divided flow path from the on / off channel to the mask breathing openings, in the sum of the channels, is at least 4 cm 2 and that the partial arms of the distribution channel are symmetrical and end opposite the nostrils.
Die in den mindestens einen kombinierten Ein- /Auslaßkanal integrierten Inhalatquellen erzeugen ein für das Pferd respirables Medikamentenaerosol und sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie über eine integrierte Atemzugsteuerung und Energieversorgung verfügen. Insbesondere werden als erfindungsgemäße Inhalatquellen Piezo-Vernebler vorgeschlagen, wie sie beispielsweise aus EP 0 923 957 AI bekannt sind. Derartige Inhalatquellen lassen sich in sehr geringen Abmessun- gen konstruieren, die es erfindungsgemäß ermöglichen, die Inhalatquelle in den Einatemkanälen der Maske anzubringen. Darüber hinaus zeichnen sich Piezo-Vernebler durch eine vernachlässigbare Geräuschentwifcklung während der Aersolabgabe aus, so daß der Inspirationsvörgang der Pferde nicht gestört wird. Dieser Verneblertyp bietet die Möglichkeit, die Gesamtdosis über mehrere Minuten zu applizieren, so dass ruhige Einatem- züge gewährleistet werden.The inhalation sources integrated in the at least one combined inlet / outlet channel generate a medicinal aerosol that is respirable for the horse and are characterized in that they have an integrated breath control and energy supply. Piezo nebulizers such as are known, for example, from EP 0 923 957 A1 are proposed as the inhalation sources according to the invention. Inhalation sources of this type can be of very small dimensions construct conditions that allow the inhalation source to be attached in the inhalation channels of the mask. In addition, piezo nebulizers are characterized by negligible noise development during aerosol delivery, so that the inspiration process of the horses is not disturbed. This type of nebuliser offers the possibility of applying the total dose over several minutes, so that quiet inhalations are guaranteed.
Neben den Piezoverneblern lassen sich auch andere zulei- tungsfreie Aerosolgeneratoren, die über eine integrierte Energieversorgung verfügen, als Inhalatquellen in dem kombinierten Ein-/Auslaßkanal anbringen. Derartige Aerosolgeneratoren sind beispielsweise aus US 5,662,271 bekannt.In addition to the piezo nebulizers, other lead-free aerosol generators that have an integrated energy supply can also be attached as inhalation sources in the combined inlet / outlet channel. Such aerosol generators are known for example from US 5,662,271.
In Zusammenhang mit der ebenfalls in den Einatemkanälen oder in den Inhalatquellen integrierten Atemzugsteuerung kann - bei Ausstattung der Kanäle mit geeigneten Filtern - und bei ausreichender Dimensionierung der Einatemkanäle auf die Anbringung eines zusätzlichen Ausatemkanals und damit auch auf die Anbringung von Ventilen verzichtet werden. Durch eine derartige besonders bevorzugte ventilose Ausgestaltung der Inhalationsmaske wird der Atemwiderstand für das inhalierende Pferd möglichst gering gehalten und Aerosolverluste durch unerwünschte Deposition an Ventilen vermieden.In connection with the breath control, which is also integrated in the inhalation channels or in the inhalation sources - if the channels are equipped with suitable filters - and if the inhalation channels are adequately dimensioned, there is no need to attach an additional exhalation channel and thus also to attach valves. Such a particularly preferred ventilated design of the inhalation mask keeps the breathing resistance for the inhaling horse as low as possible and avoids aerosol losses due to undesired deposition on valves.
Die vorgeschlagene Atemzugsteuerung bietet den Vorteil, dass der Anwender die Aerosolfreisetzung nicht selbst vornehmen und mit dem Ätemmuster des Pferdes koordinieren muss, und die Medikamente ökonomisch nur bei Inspiration freigesetzt werden.The proposed breath control offers the advantage that the user does not have to carry out the aerosol release himself and coordinate with the horse's breathing pattern, and the medication is only released economically when inspired.
Als Sensorelement für die Atemzugssteuerung bieten sich z.B. die in DE 199 42 675 dargestellten Strömungssensoren oder die in WO 97/48431 beschriebenen Drucksensoren an.The sensor element for breath control is e.g. the flow sensors shown in DE 199 42 675 or the pressure sensors described in WO 97/48431.
Im vorliegenden Fall könnten aber auch einfach zwei Widerstandsthermometer, in Strömungsrichtung versetzt, z.B. um die Ausdehnung der Inhalatquelle versetzt an oder in der In- halatquelle angebracht werden und mit einer Wheatstoneschen- Brücke verglichen werden, um im Fall der Einatmung an die zur Steuerung gehörende Auswerte-Einheit das Signal zur Erzeugung von Inhalat zu geben.In the present case, however, it would also be possible to simply place two resistance thermometers offset in the flow direction, for example offset by the extent of the inhalation source, on or in the inhalation source and compare them with a Wheatstone bridge, so that, in the event of inhalation, the Control unit belonging to the control unit to give the signal for generating inhalation.
Das an der kleineren, geschlossenen Grundseite ange- brachte Speichelaufnahme-/Ablasselement ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es als Ausbuchtung am unteren Rand der pferde- maulzugewandten, kleineren Grundseite angebracht und wiederholt abnehmbar oder offenbar ausgeführt ist und aus leicht zu reinigendem Material z.B. Kunststoff, vorzugsweise transpa- rentem Kunststoff zur vereinfachten Füllstandskontrolle gefertigt ist.The saliva receptacle / drainage element attached to the smaller, closed base side is characterized in that it is attached as a bulge at the lower edge of the smaller base side facing the horse's mouth and is repeatedly removable or apparently made of easy-to-clean material, e.g. Plastic, preferably transparent plastic for simplified level control is made.
Der Dichtring besteht erfindungsgemäß aus einem flexiblen, reversibel deformierbaren Material, vorzugsweise aus luftdichtem und abwaschbar beschichtetem Schaumstoff und ist erfindungsgemäß im Bereich der äußeren Hälfte der Oberfläche aufgerauht.According to the invention, the sealing ring consists of a flexible, reversibly deformable material, preferably of airtight and washable coated foam, and according to the invention is roughened in the area of the outer half of the surface.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist der Dichtring erfindungsgemäß als weicher Schlauch ausgebildet, der zumindest zu einem Viertel mit einem geleeartigen, nachgiebigen Stoff gefüllt ist.In a further advantageous embodiment, the sealing ring is designed according to the invention as a soft hose which is at least a quarter filled with a jelly-like, flexible material.
Durch unterschiedliche Dichtring-Stärken kann die Maske in einem weiten Bereich den verschiedenen Pferdekopfgrössen angepasst werden. Vorzugsweise kann dabei der Innendurchm.es- ser des Dichtrings unterschiedlich ausgestaltet werden, wohingegen der Außendurchmesser des Dichtrings unverändert an den Innendurchmesser der Inhalationsmaske angepasst bleibt.Thanks to different sealing ring thicknesses, the mask can be adapted to the different horse head sizes in a wide range. The inside diameter of the sealing ring can preferably be configured differently, whereas the outside diameter of the sealing ring remains unchanged adapted to the inside diameter of the inhalation mask.
Die mindestens zwei Masken-Halterungselemente sind außen an der Inhalationsmaske, maximal 20 cm beabstandet vom Rand der größeren, geöffneten Grundseite der Maske fest angebracht. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Befestigungselemente als nach unten, zur kleineren Grundseite der Maske hin geöffnete, abgerundete Haken ausgebildet und befin- den sich gegenüberliegend seitlich an der Inhalationsmaske. An diesen Halterungselementen lässt sich ein in seiner Länge verstellbares Halteband befestigen, welches um den Nacken des Pferdes verläuft oder als oberer Teil eines Pferdehalfters ausgebildet ist. In einer anderen Ausführung kann jeweils ein Halteband an jedem Hal^erungselement angebracht und lösbar fest mit dem Pferdehalft;er verbunden werden, um die Inhalationsmaske am Pferdekopf zu fixieren.The at least two mask holding elements are firmly attached to the outside of the inhalation mask, at a maximum distance of 20 cm from the edge of the larger, open base side of the mask. In a preferred embodiment, the fastening elements are designed as rounded hooks which are open towards the bottom and towards the smaller base side of the mask and are located on the side opposite the inhalation mask. One can use these mounting elements in length Attach the adjustable strap that runs around the horse's neck or is designed as the upper part of a horse's halter. In another embodiment, a holding strap can be attached to each holding element and detachably and securely connected to the horse half, in order to fix the inhalation mask on the horse's head.
Der Masken-Dichtstrumpf besteht aus einem luftundurchlässigen, gummiartig, rφversibel dehnbaren Material, ist an beiden Seiten geöffnet und verfügt an einem Rand über mindestens zwei metallverstärkte Öffnungen zur Durchführung der Masken-Halterungselemente. In einer weiteren Ausführung ist der Masken-Dichtstrumpf umfänglich fest mit der äußeren Wandung der Inhalationsmaske im Bereich der zum Pferdekopf hin geöffneten größeren Grundseite verbunden. Das freie Ende des Dichtstrumpfs bildet aufgrund seiner gummiartigen Elastizität einen kleineren Öffnungsumfang als die zum Pferdekopf hin geöffnete größere Grundseite der Inhalationsmaske.The mask sealing stocking consists of an air-impermeable, rubber-like, reversibly stretchable material, is open on both sides and has at least two metal-reinforced openings on one edge for the passage of the mask holding elements. In a further embodiment, the mask sealing stocking is circumferentially firmly connected to the outer wall of the inhalation mask in the region of the larger base side open towards the horse's head. Due to its rubber-like elasticity, the free end of the sealing stocking forms a smaller opening circumference than the larger base side of the inhalation mask which is open towards the horse's head.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Inhalationsmaske - im Falle eines separaten, nicht mit der Maske fest verbundenen Dichtstrumpfs - nun mit den folgenden Arbeitsschritten angelegt:According to the invention, the inhalation mask - in the case of a separate sealing stocking which is not firmly connected to the mask - is now put on with the following working steps:
- zunächst wird der Masken-Dichtstrumpf über das Pferde- maul und mit dem einen Ende unter die gelockerten unteren Riemen des Pferdehalfters geschoben. Der untere Teil des Dichtstrumpfs wird vom unteren Ende her bis zur Fixierung durch die Riemen nach oben umgeschlagen,- First the mask sealing stocking is pushed over the horse's mouth and with one end under the loosened lower straps of the horse's halter. The lower part of the sealing stocking is turned up from the lower end until it is fixed by the straps,
- anschließend wird der Masken-Dichtring über das Pfer- demaul, unten bis zur Kinngrube und oben über den Nasenrücken geschoben.- Then the mask sealing ring is pushed over the horse's mouth, down to the chin pit and up over the bridge of the nose.
- danach wird die konische Inhalationsmaske mit der Öffnung über den Dichtring geschoben und dabei durch die Aufrauhungen an der Masken-Innenwand oder/und am Dichtring mit diesem verkeilt. - abschließend wird der nach oben umgeschlagene Teil des Masken-Dichtstrumpfs wieder nach unten geschlagen und die me- tallverstärkten Öffnungen des Strumpfes über die Masken- Halterungselemente gelegt. Falls die Öffnungen zu weit unter- oder oberhalb den Maskenhalterungselementen zu liegen kommen und/oder keine Zugspannμng vermittelt über den Strumpf auf die Halterungselemente und damit auf die Maske aufgebaut wurde, muß der Dichtstrumpf unter den Riemen des Pferderhalfters weiter nach oben oder nach unten gezogen werden, bevor die Riemen durch die am Reithalfter befindlichen Verschlüsse über dem Dichtstrumpf festgezogen werden. Sind die metallverstärkten Öffnungen des Dichtstrumpfes über den Maskenhalterungselementen angebracht, so hält die Maske aufgrund der Verkeilung am Pferdekopf. Zur Sicherheit wird nun an ihnen das längenverstellbare Halteband angebracht, über dass Maske und Dichtstrumpf zusätzlich am Nacken des Pferdes fixiert werden.- Then the conical inhalation mask with the opening is pushed over the sealing ring and thereby wedged by the roughening on the inner wall of the mask and / or on the sealing ring. - Finally, the part of the mask sealing stocking that has been turned up is turned down again and the tall reinforced openings of the stocking placed over the mask support elements. If the openings come too far below or above the mask holder elements and / or no tensile stress mediated via the stocking on the holder elements and thus on the mask has been built up, the sealing stocking under the straps of the horse halter must be pulled up or down before the straps are tightened over the sealing stocking by the fasteners on the noseband. If the metal-reinforced openings of the sealing stocking are attached above the mask holder elements, the mask will hold on the horse's head due to the wedging. For safety, the length-adjustable tether is now attached to them, which also attaches the mask and sealing stocking to the horse's neck.
Eine erfindungsgemäße vorteilhalfte Ausgestaltung des Anbringungsverfahrens besteht darin, daß unter Vernachlässigung des Maskendichtstrumpfes, die Pferdehalfterriemen direkt unter den Masken-Halterungen befestigt und über den oberen Rand des ovalen Maskenkörper gespannt werden. Dadurch wird der ovale Maskenkörper durch die Riemenspannung an den innen befindlichen Dichtring gepresst.An advantageous embodiment of the attachment method according to the invention consists in that, neglecting the mask sealing stocking, the horse-halter straps are fastened directly under the mask holders and stretched over the upper edge of the oval mask body. As a result, the oval mask body is pressed against the inner sealing ring by the belt tension.
Im Falle eines mit der Maske fest verbundenen Dichtstrumpfs wird die Inhalationsmaske erfindungsgemäß mit den folgenden Arbeitsschritten angelegt:In the case of a sealing stocking firmly connected to the mask, the inhalation mask is applied according to the invention with the following work steps:
Zunächst wird das freie Ende des Masken-Dichtstrumpfs aussen über die Inhalationsmaske in Richtung kleinerer Grundseite gestülpt.First the free end of the mask sealing stocking is put over the inhalation mask towards the smaller base.
- anschließend wird der Masken-Dichtring über das Pfer- demaul, unten bis zur Kinngrube und oben über den Nasenrücken geschoben.- Then the mask sealing ring is pushed over the horse's mouth, down to the chin pit and up over the bridge of the nose.
- danach wird die konische Inhalationsmaske mit der Öffnung über den Dichtring geschoben und dabei durch die Aufrauhungen an der Masken-Innenwand oder/und am Dichtring mit die- se verkeilt. - abschließend wird der nach unten umgeschlagene Teil des Masken-Dichtstrumpfs wieder nach oben auf den Pferdekopf umgelegt und die Inhalationsmaske über die Masken- Halterungselemente am Pfprdekopf mittels der Haltebänder oder Halfter fixiert.- Then the conical inhalation mask with the opening is pushed over the sealing ring and thereby wedged by the roughening on the inner wall of the mask and / or on the sealing ring. - Finally, the part of the mask sealing stocking which has been turned down is folded back upwards onto the horse's head and the inhalation mask is fixed to the head by means of the holding straps or holster using the mask holding elements.
Durch die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Inhalationsmaske wird eine Vielzahl der bislang bekannten Probleme gemindert oder sogar aufgehoben.By using the inhalation mask according to the invention, a large number of the previously known problems are reduced or even eliminated.
BeispieleExamples
Die Erfindung und deren vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen werden detaillierter durch die folgenden Figuren und Beispiele beschrieben. Es zeigen: Fig. 1 eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Pferdekopfes mit dem prinzipiellen Aufbau der erfindungsgemäßen Inhalationsmaske im Längsschnitt, ohne seitlich angebrachte Ein-/Ausatemkanäle, mit Speichelaufnahme-/Ablasselement an der Vorderseite, mit Masken-Dichtring, mit oben und unten an- gebrachten Masken-Halterungselementen für den umlaufenden Masken-Dichtstrumpf.The invention and its advantageous embodiments are described in more detail by the following figures and examples. 1 shows a schematic side view of a horse's head with the basic structure of the inhalation mask according to the invention in longitudinal section, without laterally attached inhalation / exhalation channels, with saliva receiving / draining element on the front, with mask sealing ring, with the top and bottom attached Mask holding elements for the circumferential mask sealing stocking.
Fig. 2 eine schematische Ansicht der Inhalationsmaske mit der kopfseitigen Öffnung der Maske und einem erfindungsgemäßen Masken-Dichtring im Vordergrund und zwei schematisch angedeuteten erfindungsgemäßen kombinierten Ein- /Ausatemkanälen mit einer schematisch dargestellten Inhalatquelle im rechten Ein-/Ausatemkanal, sowie einem Filterelement und einem Filterhaltering.Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the inhalation mask with the head-side opening of the mask and a mask sealing ring according to the invention in the foreground and two schematically indicated combined inhalation / exhalation channels according to the invention with a schematically shown inhalation source in the right inhalation / exhalation channel, and a filter element and a filter holder ring ,
Fig. 3 eine teilweise aufgebrochene, schematische Darstellung des Ein-/Ausatemkanals und perspektivisch dargestellter Inhalatquelle aus Fig. 2 mit Halterung der Inhalatquelle.Fig. 3 is a partially broken, schematic representation of the inhalation / exhalation channel and perspective view of the inhalation source from Fig. 2 with holder of the inhalation source.
Fig. 4 eine schematische Seitenansicht des Ein- /Ausatemkanals aus Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 mit Filterelement und Filterhaltering. Fig. 4b eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Ein- /Ausamtemkanals mit an der Innenwand des Ein-/Ausatemkanals angebrachter Halterung für eine Inhalatquelle und aufsetzbaren Ein-ZAusatemkanal-Er^eiterungs- und Verjüngungselementen, die auch als Filterhalter wirken, zur Erweiterung des Strömungsquerschnitts im Bereich des Filterelementes.FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of the inhalation / exhalation channel from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 with filter element and filter holding ring. 4b shows a schematic side view of an inhalation / removal channel with a holder for an inhalation source attached to the inner wall of the inhalation / exhalation channel and attachable Z-exhalation channel expansion and tapering elements, which also act as filter holders, for expanding the flow cross section in the area of the filter element.
Fig. 5 eine schematische, aufgebrochene Ansicht von oben auf eine erfindungsgemäße Inhalationsmaske mit nur einem Ein-/Ausatemkanal auf der Maskenoberseite und Verteilungskanal im Bereich der Nasenöffnungen.5 shows a schematic, broken view from above of an inhalation mask according to the invention with only one inhalation / exhalation channel on the top of the mask and distribution channel in the area of the nostrils.
Die Maskenhalterungselemente sind im Gegensatz zu Fig. 1 seitlich angebracht und wie der Masken-Dichtstrumpf und Pferdehalfter im waagerechten Querschnitt dargestellt.In contrast to FIG. 1, the mask holding elements are attached laterally and, like the mask sealing stocking and horse halter, are shown in a horizontal cross section.
Fig. 6 einen senkrechten Querschnitt durch die Inha- lationsmaske nach Fig. 5 entlang der Schnittlinie A-B mit Masken-Atemöffnungen, Verteilungskanal, Ein-/Ausatemkanal und darin integrierter Inhalatquelle.6 shows a vertical cross section through the inhalation mask according to FIG. 5 along section line A-B with mask breathing openings, distribution channel, inhalation / exhalation channel and inhalation source integrated therein.
Fig. 7 eine Aufsicht von oben auf eine erfindungsgemäße Inhalationsmaske, die sich von den vorhergegangenen Aus- führungformen dadurch unterscheidet, daß der Ein- /Ausatemkanal mit integrierter Inhalatquelle am vorderen Ende der Maske angebracht ist und der Verteilungskanal die Ein- /Ausatemluft seitlich vom vorderen Ende der Maske zu den Nasenöffnungen hin- bzw. wegführt. Fig. 8 einen waagerechten Querschnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße Inhalationsmaske nach Fig. 7 mit den am vorderen Ende der Maske angebrachten Elementen Ein-/Ausatemkanal mit Inhalatquelle und dem von vorne nach hinten bis zu den Nasenöffnungen führenden Verteilungskanal.7 shows a top view of an inhalation mask according to the invention, which differs from the previous embodiments in that the inhalation / exhalation channel with an integrated inhalation source is attached to the front end of the mask and the distribution channel the inhalation / exhalation air laterally from the front End of the mask leads to or away from the nostrils. FIG. 8 shows a horizontal cross section through the inhalation mask according to the invention according to FIG. 7 with the elements inhalation / exhalation channel with inhalation source attached to the front end of the mask and the distribution channel leading from front to back to the nostrils.
Fig. 1 verdeutlicht die prinzipielle Anbringung der Inhalationsmaske in einer schematischen, aufgebrochenen Seitenansicht eines Pferdekopfes mit der erfindungsgemäßen Inhalationsmaske (1) im Querschnitt. Seitlich angebracht und damit hier nicht dargestellt sind die erfindungsgemäßen Ein- /Ausatemkanäle mit integrierter Inhalatquelle und Filterele- menten. Dargestellt sind das Speichelaufnahme-/Ablasselement (13) an der Vorderseite, der Masken-Dichtring (10), oben und unten angebrachte Masken-Halterungselemente (12) für den umlaufenden Masken-Dichtstjrumpf (11) . Die Inhalationsmaske (1) wird nach Verkeilung mit dem Dichtring (10) durch Verbindung mit dem Pferdehalfter (15) direkt an den Halterungselementen (12) oder vermittelt über den Masken-Dichtstrümpf (11) davor bewahrt, wieder vom Kopf des Pferdes abzurutschen«. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei die Aufrauhung des Dichtrin'gs und/oder der Innenoberfläche der Maske. Zur Anbringung wird der Dichtring (10) über Maul und Nase des Pferdes bis zur Kinngrube geführt und dann durch weiteres Ziehen über die Nase fixiert.Fig. 1 illustrates the basic attachment of the inhalation mask in a schematic, broken side view of a horse's head with the inhalation mask (1) according to the invention in cross section. Attached to the side and therefore not shown here are the inhalation / exhalation channels according to the invention with an integrated inhalation source and filter elements. instruments. Shown are the saliva receiving / draining element (13) on the front, the mask sealing ring (10), mask holding elements (12) attached above and below for the circumferential mask sealing stump (11). After wedging with the sealing ring (10), the inhalation mask (1) is prevented from slipping off the head of the horse again by connection to the horse halter (15) directly on the mounting elements (12) or via the mask sealing stocking (11). It is particularly advantageous the roughening of the Dichtrin 'gs and / or the inner surface of the mask. For attachment, the sealing ring (10) is guided over the horse's mouth and nose to the chin pit and then fixed by pulling further over the nose.
Die Abdichtung der Maske gegenüber der Umgebung wird da- bei durch den flexiblen Ring und durch den dehnbaren Dichtstrumpf oder durch den flexiblen Ring und durch Festziehen der unteren beiden Teilstücke des Halfters erreicht. Im ersten Fall wird die Maske durch die Zugkräfte des aufgedehnten Dichtstrumpfes, im letzten Fall durch die Kräfte der festge- zogenen Riemen des Pferdehalfters an den Kopf des Pferdes und damit der Dichtring fest um den Kopf des Pferdes gepresst. Diese Form des Drucks ist den Pferden durch die Verwendung von Halftern vertraut.The mask is sealed off from the surroundings by the flexible ring and by the stretchable sealing stocking or by the flexible ring and by tightening the lower two sections of the halter. In the first case the mask is pressed against the horse's head by the tensile forces of the expanded sealing stocking, in the latter case by the forces of the tightened straps of the horse's halter and thus the sealing ring around the horse's head. This form of pressure is familiar to horses through the use of halters.
Durch den erfindungsgemäßen Einsatz der Inhalatquellen mit Atemzugsteuerung und geräuscharmen Piezoverneblern mit integrierter Stromversorgung ist es möglich, das Pferd auch während länger andauernder Inhalationsvorgänge, wie sie oft für die Therapie nötig sind, unbeaufsichtigt im Stall zu belassen. Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht der Inhalationsmaske (1) mit der kopfseitigen Öffnung der Maske und einem erfindungsgemäßen Masken-Dichtring (10) im Vordergrund, sowie zwei schematisch angedeuteten kombinierten Ein- /Ausatemkanälen (2) mit einer schematisch dargestellten Inha- latquelle (7) im rechten Ein-/Ausatemkanal .By using the inhalation sources with breath control and low-noise piezo nebulisers with integrated power supply according to the invention, it is possible to leave the horse unattended in the stable even during long-term inhalation processes, which are often necessary for therapy. 2 shows a schematic view of the inhalation mask (1) with the head-side opening of the mask and a mask sealing ring (10) according to the invention in the foreground, as well as two schematically indicated combined inhalation / exhalation channels (2) with a schematically illustrated content source ( 7) in the right inhalation / exhalation channel.
Die beiden Ein-/Ausatemkanäle (2) sind in Höhe der Nasenöff- nungen angebracht. Im rechten der Ein-/Ausatemkanäle (2a, b) ist die Inhalatquelle (7) durch eine Halterung (8) mit der Wandung des Kanals (2b) .wiederholt lösbar verbunden. Die Inhalatquelle ist exfindungsgemäß wiederholt lösbar ge- haltert, so daß eine integrierte Energie- und Inhalat- versorgung möglich ist. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist exemplarisch für beide Ein-/Ausatemkanäle der rechte Kanal mit einem Filterelement (5) abgedeckt, welches durch den Filterhaltering (6) fixiert is=t. Fig. 3 zeigt eine teilweise aufgebrochene, schematische Darstellung des Ein-/Ausatemkanals (2) und der Inhalatquelle (7) aus Fig. 2 mit Halterung (8) der Inhalatquelle.The two inhalation / exhalation channels (2) are level with the nostrils. attached. In the right of the inhalation / exhalation channels (2a, b) the inhalation source (7) is repeatedly detachably connected to the wall of the channel (2b) by a holder (8). According to the invention, the inhalation source is repeatedly held releasably, so that an integrated energy and inhalation supply is possible. In this exemplary embodiment, the right channel is covered by a filter element (5) for both inhalation / exhalation channels, which is fixed by the filter holding ring (6) = t. Fig. 3 shows a partially broken, schematic representation of the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) and the inhalation source (7) from Fig. 2 with holder (8) of the inhalation source.
Die hier beispielhaft zylinderförmig dargestellte Inhalatquelle kann z.B. dadurch wiederholt lösbar gehaltert wer- den, daß die Inhalatquelle in den einen Teil eines zweiteiligen Zylinders (8b) mit Halterungs-Ring (8c) eingeführt wird und dann durch den zweiten Teil des Zylinders und einen Halterungs-Ring (8c), welcher über Halterungs-Stäbe (8a) an den Filter-Auflagering (5b) befestigt ist, fixiert wird. Fig. 4 zeigt eine schematische Seitenansicht des Ein- /Ausatemkanals aus Fig. 2 und Fig. 3 mit Filterelementen (5a, b) und Filterhaltering (6). Die endgültige Fixierung der Inhalatquelle (7, hier nicht dargestellt), im Ein-/Ausatemkanal (2) geschieht dann durch Einsetzen des Filter-Auflagerings (5b) mit Halterungs-Ring (8b), Einlage eines Filters (5a) und z.B. Einschraubung des Filterhalteringes (6).The inhalation source shown here by way of example in a cylindrical form can e.g. are repeatedly held releasably in that the inhalation source is introduced into one part of a two-part cylinder (8b) with a holding ring (8c) and then through the second part of the cylinder and a holding ring (8c) which is connected to the holding device Rods (8a) is attached to the filter support ring (5b), is fixed. FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of the inhalation / exhalation channel from FIGS. 2 and 3 with filter elements (5a, b) and filter holding ring (6). The final fixation of the inhalation source (7, not shown here) in the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) is then carried out by inserting the filter support ring (5b) with mounting ring (8b), inserting a filter (5a) and e.g. Screw in the filter holder ring (6).
Fig. 4b zeigt, ähnlich zu Fig. 4, eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Ein-/Ausatemkanals, hier allerdings mit einer an der inneren Wand des Ein-/Ausatemkanals (2) ange- brachten Inhalatquelle (7) mit integrierter Atemzugsteuerung und auf den Kanal (2) aufsetzbaren Erweiterungs- und Verjün-. gungselementen (2a, b), die auch als Filterhalter dienen und den Strömungsquerschnitt im Bereich des Filterelementes (5) vergrößern. Fig. 5 zeigt eine schematische, aufgebrochene Ansicht von oben auf eine erfindungsgemäße Inhalationsmaske mit nur einem Ein-/Ausatemkanal (2) auf der Maskenoberseite und einem Verteilungskanal (3) im Bereich der Nasenöffnungen. Zur Erreichung geringer Kosten und eines geringen Wartungsaufwandes kann der Einsatz nur einer Inhalatquelle sinnvoll sein. Die Masken-Halterungselementje (12) sind im Gegensatz zu Fig. 1 seitlich angebracht und : wie der Masken-Dichtstrumpf (11) und das Pferdehalfter (15) im waagerechten Querschnitt dargestellt.4b shows, similar to FIG. 4, a schematic side view of an inhalation / exhalation channel, but here with an inhalation source (7) attached to the inner wall of the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) with integrated breath control and onto the channel (2) attachable enlargement and rejuvenation. supply elements (2a, b), which also serve as filter holders and enlarge the flow cross-section in the area of the filter element (5). Fig. 5 shows a schematic, broken view from above of an inhalation mask according to the invention with only an inhalation / exhalation channel (2) on the top of the mask and a distribution channel (3) in the area of the nostrils. The use of only one inhalation source can be useful in order to achieve low costs and low maintenance. In contrast to FIG. 1, the mask holder elements (12) are attached laterally and : as the mask sealing stocking (11) and the horse halter (15) are shown in a horizontal cross section.
Fig. 6 zeigt einien senkrechten Querschnitt durch die Inhalationsmaske (1) nach Fig. 5 entlang der Schnittlinie A-B mit Masken-Atemöffnungen (4), Verteilungskanal (3), Ein- /Ausatemkanal (2) auf der Oberseite der Maske und darin integrierter Inhalatquelle (7). Aufgrund des hohen Atemzugvolumens von Pferden (bis zu 50 - 180 Liter/Minute) ist bei die- ser vorteilhaften Ausführungsform darauf zu achten, daß der eine Ein-/Ausatemkanal, sowie der Verteilungskanal ausreichend groß dimensioniert ist. Hier ist ein freier Strömungsquerschnitt von unter 4 cm2 zu vermeiden. Bei kleineren Strömungsquerschnitten wird die Inhalationsmaske von Pferden nicht akzeptiert.FIG. 6 shows a vertical cross section through the inhalation mask (1) according to FIG. 5 along the section line AB with mask breathing openings (4), distribution channel (3), inhalation / exhalation channel (2) on the top of the mask and an inhalation source integrated therein (7). Due to the high breath volume of horses (up to 50 - 180 liters / minute), care must be taken in this advantageous embodiment that the one inhalation / exhalation channel and the distribution channel are sufficiently large. A free flow cross section of less than 4 cm 2 should be avoided here. The inhalation mask is not accepted by horses with smaller flow cross-sections.
Fig. 7 zeigt eine Aufsicht von oben auf eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Inhalationsmaske (1) , die sich durch die vorhergegangenen Ausführungsformen dadurch unterscheidet, daß der Ein-/Ausatemkanal (2) mit hier verdeckter, integrierter Inhalatquelle (7) am vorderen Ende der Maske (1) angebracht ist und der Verteilungskanal die Ein-/Ausatemluft seitlich vom vorderen Ende der Maske zu den Nasenöffnungen hin- bzw. wegführt.Fig. 7 shows a top view of a particularly advantageous embodiment of the inhalation mask according to the invention (1), which differs in the previous embodiments in that the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) with here hidden, integrated inhalation source (7) at the front end the mask (1) is attached and the distribution channel guides the inhaled / exhaled air laterally from the front end of the mask to the nostrils.
Vorteilhaft ist hier, daß die ggf. zu überwachenden Ein- richtungen Inhalatquelle und Filter genauso im Sichtbereich des Anwenders liegen, wie das Speichelaufnahme-/Ablasselement (13) . Darüber hinaus ergeben sich bei dieser Ausführungsform für das Pferd weniger Beeinträchtigungen/Irritationen des Sichtfeldes . Fig. 8 zeigt die besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Inhalationsmaske nach Fig. 7 im waage- rechten Querschnitt mit den am vorderen Ende der Maske angebrachten Elementen Ein-/Ausatemkanal (2) mit Inhalatquelle (7) und dem von vorne nach hinten bis zu den Nasenöffnungen führenden Verteilungskari^l (3) . It is advantageous here that the inhalation source and filter, if any, to be monitored are just as visible to the user as the saliva receiving / draining element (13). In addition, there are fewer impairments / irritations of the field of vision for the horse in this embodiment. FIG. 8 shows the particularly advantageous embodiment of the inhalation mask according to FIG. 7 in a horizontal right cross-section with the inhalation / exhalation channel (2) with inhalation source (7) and the distribution carlet (3) leading from front to back to the nostrils.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Inhalationsmaske1 inhalation mask
2 Ein-/Ausatemkanal a) Erweiterungs-/ b) Verjüngungselement2 inhalation / exhalation channel a) extension / b) tapering element
3 Verteilungskanal3 distribution channel
4 Masken-Atemöffnungen' 4 mask openings '
5 Filterelemente a) Filter b) Filter-Auflagering5 filter elements a) filter b) filter support ring
6 Filterhaltering6 filter holder ring
7 Inhalatquelle7 inhalation source
8 Halterung für Inhalatquelle a) Halterungs-Stab b) Halterungs-Zylinder c) Halterungs-Ring8 Bracket for inhalation source a) Bracket rod b) Bracket cylinder c) Bracket ring
9 Atemzugsteuerung9 breath control
10 Masken-Dichtring10 mask sealing ring
11 Masken-Dichtstrumpf11 mask sealing stocking
12 Masken-Halterungselemente12 mask holder elements
13 Speichelaufnahme-/Ablasselement13 Saliva intake / drainage element
14 Speichelaufnahme-Verschlußelement14 Saliva intake closure element
15 Pferdehalfter15 horse halter
16 Englisches Reithalfter16 English noseband
17 Kinngrube 17 chin pit

Claims

Schutzansprüche protection claims
1. Inhalationsmaske (1) für Pferde mit einem ovalen, konisch zulaufenden Querschnitt mit einer zum Pferdekopf hin geöffneten, größeren Grundseite und einer kleineren, ge- schlossenen Grundsejjte, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus einem flexiblen, aber im wesentlichen formstabilen Material, z.B. Kunststoff besteht und vorzugsweise transparent ausgebildet ist und/oder erfindungsgemäß an der Innenwandung über einen gesamtumfänglich, aufgerauhten Bereich verfügt, der sich vom pferdekopfseifigen Rand bis mindestens 10 cm davon beabstandet zur kleineren Grundseite hin erstreck€ und daß sie eine oder mehrere der folgenden Vorrichtungen aufweist1. Inhalation mask (1) for horses with an oval, tapered cross-section with a larger base side open towards the horse's head and a smaller, closed base segment, characterized in that it is made of a flexible but essentially dimensionally stable material, e.g. Plastic is made and is preferably transparent and / or according to the invention has a roughened area on the inner wall, which extends from the horse's head-soapy edge at least 10 cm away from the smaller base side and that it has one or more of the following devices
- mindestens einen kombinierten Ein-/Ausatemkanal nach Anspruch 2,at least one combined inhalation / exhalation channel according to claim 2,
- Filter nach Anspruch 4,Filter according to claim 4,
- einen Masken-Dichtring nach Anspruch 5,a mask sealing ring according to claim 5,
- mindestens zwei Masken-Halterungselemente nach Anspruch 7, - einen Masken-Dichtstrumpf nach Anspruch 9,- at least two mask holding elements according to claim 7, - a mask sealing stocking according to claim 9,
- ein an der kleineren, geschlossenen Grundseite angebrachtes Speichelaufnahme-/Ablasselement (13) nach Anspruch 10,a saliva receiving / draining element (13) attached to the smaller, closed base side according to claim 10,
- Verteilungskanal zur Verteilung der Einatemluft auf beide Nasenöffnungen des Pferdes nach Anspruch 11.- Distribution channel for distributing the inhaled air to both nostrils of the horse according to claim 11.
2. Mindestens einen kombinierter Ein-/Auslasskanal (2) dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der freie Strömungsquerschnitt auf der gesamten Kanallänge mindestens 4 cm2 beträgt, daß er in Höhe der Nasenöffnungen des Pferdes angebracht ist, daß er fest oder wiederholt lösbar mit der Inhalationsmaske (1) verbunden ist, daß er über eine integrierte Halterung (8) verfügt, in welche Inhalatquellen (7) mit Atemzugsteuerung (9) austauschbar eingebracht werden können, daß an der der Außenluft zugewandten Öffnung des Kanals, in Richtung des Einatemstromes gesehen vor der Auslaßöffnung der Inhalatquelle (7) , ein austauschbarer Filter (5a) in oder vor der Kanalöffnung angebracht ist, der über einen Filterverschluß (6) mit der Kanalwandung lösbar fixierbar ist! und die gesamte freie Kanalöffnung abdeckt.2. At least one combined inlet / outlet channel (2), characterized in that the free flow cross-section over the entire channel length is at least 4 cm 2 , that it is attached at the level of the horse's nostrils, that it is fixed or repeatedly detachable with the inhalation mask ( 1) is connected that it has an integrated holder (8), in which inhalation sources (7) with breath control (9) can be inserted interchangeably, that seen at the opening of the channel facing the outside air, in the direction of the inhalation flow before Outlet opening of the inhalation source (7), an exchangeable filter (5a) is attached in or in front of the channel opening, which can be detachably fixed to the channel wall via a filter closure (6)! and covers the entire free channel opening.
3. Mindestens ein kombinierter Ein-/Auslasskanal (2) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der dem Pferdekopf abgewandten Seite des Kanals (2) ein Erweiterungs- element (2a) und ein Verjüngungselement (2b) als Filterhalter mit dazwischen liegendem Filter (5) wiederholt de- und montierbar angeferacht sind.3. At least one combined inlet / outlet channel (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that on the side of the channel (2) facing away from the horse's head, an extension element (2a) and a tapering element (2b) as a filter holder with an intermediate filter (5) are repeatedly dismantled and assembled.
4. Filter (5a), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie aus Glasfa- ser-Keramik zur mechanischen Filtration oder aus Polypropylen zur elektrostatischen Filtration oder aus physikalisch-chemisch wirkenden Materialien (z.B. Aktivkohle), die auf die jeweils inhalierten Wirkstoffe abgestimmt sind, zur Filtration der Ausatemluft und damit zum Schutz der Menschen in der Umgebung des Pferdes bestehend ausgeführt sind.4. Filter (5a), characterized in that it is made of glass fiber ceramic for mechanical filtration or polypropylene for electrostatic filtration or from physico-chemical materials (eg activated carbon), which are matched to the active ingredients inhaled, for filtration the exhaled air and thus designed to protect people around the horse.
5. Masken-Dichtring (10) dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er aus einem flexiblen, reversibel deformierbaren Material, vor- zugsweise aus luftdicht und abwaschbar beschichtetem5. Mask sealing ring (10), characterized in that it is coated from a flexible, reversibly deformable material, preferably from airtight and washable
Schaumstoff besteht und im Bereich der äußeren Hälfte der Oberfläche aufgerauht ausgeführt ist.There is foam and is roughened in the area of the outer half of the surface.
6. Masken-Dichtring nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er als weicher Schlauch ausgebildet ist, der zumindest zu einem Viertel mit einem geleeartigen, nachgiebigen Stoff gefüllt ausgeführt ist.6. Mask sealing ring according to claim 5, characterized in that it is designed as a soft tube, which is at least a quarter filled with a jelly-like, flexible material.
7. Masken-Halterungselemente (12), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie außen an der Inhalationsmaske, maximal 20 cm be- abstandet vom Rand der größeren, geöffneten Grundseite der Maske fest angebracht sind.7. Mask holding elements (12), characterized in that they are a maximum of 20 cm on the outside of the inhalation mask. spaced from the edge of the larger, open base of the mask are firmly attached.
Masken-Halterungselejnente (12) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß feie als nach unten, zur kleineren Grundseite der Maske' hin geöffnete, abgerundete Haken ausgebildet ausgeführt und vorzugsweise sich gegenüberliegend im Bereich des Nasenrückens und Unterkiefers des Pferdes angebracht ausgeführt sind.Mask holding elements (12) according to claim 7, characterized in that they are designed as rounded hooks which are open towards the bottom and towards the smaller base of the mask and are preferably mounted opposite one another in the region of the bridge of the nose and lower jaw of the horse.
9. Masken-Dichtstrumpf ■ ' (11) , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er aus einem luftundurchlässigen, gummiartig, reversibel dehnbaren Material bestehend und an beiden Seiten geöffnet ausgeführt ist und an einem Rand mindestens zwei me- tallverstärkte Öffnungen zur Durchführung der Masken- Halterungselemente aufweist oder mit einer Seite fest an der zum Pferdekopf hin geöffneten größeren Grundseite der Inhalationsmaske befestigt ist.9. Mask sealing stocking ■ ' (11), characterized in that it consists of an air-impermeable, rubber-like, reversibly stretchable material and is designed to be open on both sides and has at least two metal-reinforced openings on one edge for carrying out the mask holding elements or is firmly attached with one side to the larger base side of the inhalation mask, which is open towards the horse's head.
10. Speichelaufnahme-/Ablasselement (13), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es als Ausbuchtung am unteren Rand der pferdemaulzugewandten, kleineren Grundseite der Maske (1) angebracht und wiederholt abnehmbar oder offenbar ausgeführt ist und aus leicht zu reinigendem Material, z.B. Kunststoff, vorzugsweise transparentem Kunststoff, zur vereinfachten Füllstandskontrolle gefertigt ist.10. Saliva receiving / draining element (13), characterized in that it is attached as a bulge at the bottom of the horse-facing, smaller base of the mask (1) and is repeatedly removable or apparently made and made of easy-to-clean material, e.g. Plastic, preferably transparent plastic, is made for easy level control.
11. Verteilungskanal (3), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der freie Strömungsquerschnitt an jeder beliebigen Stelle des aufgeteilten Strömungspfades vom Ein-/Ausatemkanal zu den Masken-Atemöffnungen (4) in der Summe der Kanäle, mindestens 4 cm2 beträgt, daß die Teilarme des Verteilungskanals symmetrisch ausgebildet und gegenüber den Nasenöffnungen endend ausgeführt sind. 11. Distribution channel (3), characterized in that the free flow cross section at any point of the divided flow path from the inhalation / exhalation channel to the mask breathing openings (4) in the sum of the channels, is at least 4 cm 2 that the partial arms of the Distribution channel are symmetrical and designed to end opposite the nostrils.
EP02747164A 2001-05-25 2002-05-23 Equine inhalation mask Expired - Lifetime EP1389971B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10125564 2001-05-25
DE10125564A DE10125564A1 (en) 2001-05-25 2001-05-25 Inhalation mask for horses is made of a flexible, preferably transparent material, and incorporates inhalation/exhalation air channels, an inhalate source and exhalation air filters
PCT/DE2002/001874 WO2002094122A2 (en) 2001-05-25 2002-05-23 Equine inhalation mask

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1389971A2 true EP1389971A2 (en) 2004-02-25
EP1389971B1 EP1389971B1 (en) 2007-12-12

Family

ID=7686147

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02747164A Expired - Lifetime EP1389971B1 (en) 2001-05-25 2002-05-23 Equine inhalation mask

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Country Link
US (1) US7111626B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1389971B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE380522T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002317671A1 (en)
DE (2) DE10125564A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2299585T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2002094122A2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20040231672A1 (en) 2004-11-25
ES2299585T3 (en) 2008-06-01
EP1389971B1 (en) 2007-12-12
ATE380522T1 (en) 2007-12-15
WO2002094122A3 (en) 2003-05-01
WO2002094122A2 (en) 2002-11-28
AU2002317671A1 (en) 2002-12-03
DE10125564A1 (en) 2002-11-28
US7111626B2 (en) 2006-09-26
DE50211358D1 (en) 2008-01-24

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