EP1380678A1 - Double faced knitwear and composite material containing such knitwear - Google Patents

Abstract

The double-knit fabric (10) has a reverse surface (13) and a right surface (12), linked together by yarns (14) between them. The yarns at the right surface give a lower surface cover than at the reverse surface. The double-knit fabric (10) has a reverse surface (13) and a right surface (12), linked together by yarns (14) between them. The yarns at the right surface give a lower surface cover than at the reverse surface. A second set of linking yarns (15) gives a different cover from the first set, so that their patterns are inverted and complement each other so that the reverse surface shows a translucent patterning by the linking yarns from the right surface. A translucent thermoplastic layer can cover one and/or the other surface of the fabric.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to the field of the textile industry. It concerns more precisely a three-dimensional double-sided knit with visual aspects attractive, notably allowing it to take advantage of the backlighting conditions. The invention also relates to complexes incorporating such a knitted fabric which can be used among others in the automotive industry.

Previous techniques

In general, we know the three-dimensional double-sided knitwear, which can be made using different knitting technologies, namely knitting warp or weft knitting. Such knits have two sides, namely one side place and a reverse side, separated by a space of the order of a few millimeters. These two right and wrong sides are linked together by series of tying threads, which are intended to maintain a spacing between the two faces. This type of textile is generally appreciated for its qualities of comfort to the touch which result from the compression capacity. The choice of binding threads also makes it possible to confer a effect appears in such a textile.

In general, we usually try to hide the tying threads using relatively covering wires to make the right and wrong sides of such a three-dimensional knitting.

One of the objectives of the invention is to propose a new structure for three-dimensional knits, which gives such a textile special visual properties. JP 09-049178 describes a three-dimensional knit associated with a decor layer. More specifically, the knitting has a face and binding threads relatively transparent, so that the pattern layer with patterns predetermined through the knitting. This decorative layer can be produced by impression. However, applications of this type of material are limited because the decor effects appear only by transparency, and are not produced in thickness. In other words, the effects of decorations appear only by backlighting or similar.

Another object of the invention is to allow the association of such a textile with plastic sheets to multiply the visual effects and possible applications.

Statement of the Invention

The invention therefore relates to a double-sided knitting comprising a reverse side and a face face connected by rows of a tying wire which works with the two faces.

According to the invention, three-dimensional knitting is characterized in that the or the wires of the place side have a low covering power, and in that it comprises a second binding wire different from the first binding wire, the two wires of tying working either one or the other with the right side, according to a distribution defining patterns, so that the reverse side appears through patterns translucent defined by the binding wire of lower covering power on the right side.

By low covering power, it is meant that the yarns in question have a very small diameter, related to the distances which separate them from each other, so that the space between neighboring wires is largely free.

In other words, we use two different tying threads, having powers different spans, mixed, for example by a Jacquard work, to define reasons. These patterns therefore comprise opaque zones formed at the level of the zones where the most opaque binding thread works with the right side. In the zones complementary, it is the most translucent binding wire that works with the face place. It is at these more translucent areas that the reverse side of the knitted fabric three-dimensional appears when looking at the knitting from the right side. Such effects can be obtained as soon as the two tying threads have dimensions, and therefore different covering powers, or even absorption capacities of the light that are different. Thus, one of the wires can be translucent and the other can be almost opaque, so that the reverse side of the knit is absolutely not visible at the level of the working patterns of these opaque threads. The two tying threads can also have a translucent character, but of a different degree from one thread to another, and thus reveal more or less translucent patterns. The impression of thickness knitting is therefore accentuated by the fact that it is thus possible to appreciate the thickness of each motif within the knitting. These patterns can also stand out visually knitting when it is properly lit.

This arrangement therefore makes it possible to obtain a textile which has the qualities of comfort of three-dimensional knitting, combined with a visual perception of the thickness of the knitting and decorative patterns formed by the very thickness of the knitting.

In a particular shape, the reverse side can also be knitted from of threads of low covering power, so that the knit as a whole appears translucent.

In practice, identical wires can be used for the binding wire and the face. translucent place. These wires can either be strictly identical, i.e. same title and same material, or even simply made from the same raw material, so that they have light transmitting properties and similar covering powers.

Advantageously, in practice, the tying thread as well as the thread of the face side translucent can be monofilaments, therefore of low covering power, while the non-translucent binding thread is a multifilament textured thread, which has therefore the highest covering power.

According to another characteristic of the invention, double-sided knitting three-dimensional can be combined with a layer of translucent thermoplastic material to form a complex. Such a complex has transparency effects coming from the structure of three-dimensional knitting, these effects being modified by the presence of the sheet of thermoplastic material. The influence of the leaf thermoplastic may be different depending on whether the layers are associated with knitting three-dimensional by its translucent face or by its opaque face. In such a case, the effects of transparency, possibly embellished with patterns, remain apparent across the layer of translucent plastic. In the other case, the presence of the layer thermoplastic can ensure light diffusion in the case where the complex is backlit, and therefore highlight the three-dimensional knitting patterns.

In practice, the translucent plastic layer can be associated with the knitting by different techniques, such as bonding, flaming, or even by co-extrusion, or even by other similar techniques.

In practice, we prefer that the thermoplastic material has a natural homogeneous with that of the yarns of the knitted fabric to which it is applied, so as to obtain good adhesion between the two components of the complex. Many materials can be used depending on the desired applications, among which one can cite polyolefins.

In practice, the layer of thermoplastic material may have very varied characteristics, in particular with regard to its coloring. The texture of the thermoplastic sheet can also be smooth or embossed. This layer thermoplastic can also be made from several elementary layers assembled together. This assembly can take place either prior to association with the textile, either during this association operation, by techniques by example of co-extrusion.

According to another characteristic of the invention, three-dimensional knitting translucent can be combined with a layer of foam. This layer of foam gives a certain mechanical strength in three-dimensional knitting, which can be appreciated for some applications. This foam can also be slightly translucent, of so as to ensure a diffusion for example by backlighting of a light, putting in relief the translucent character of the three-dimensional knit and its possible patterns.

To highlight these pattern effects, we prefer that the foam layer is associated with knitting by its reverse side which is therefore opaque. In this case, when the foam has a color, it can also appear through one of the faces of three-dimensional knitting.

Brief description of the figures

• La figure 1 illustre le cycle de base de réalisation d'un tricot conforme à un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.
• La figure 2 est une photographie de dessus d'un tricot tridimensionnel comportant des motifs.
• La figure 3 est une photographie de la tranche du textile de la figure 2.
• La figure 4 est une vue schématique simplifiée d'un tricot obtenu conformément à un second mode de réalisation de l'invention.
• La figure 5 représente le schéma d'armure utilisé pour réaliser le tricot de la figure 4.
• La figure 6 représente le schéma de renfilage utilisé pour réaliser le tricot de la figure 4.
• La figure 7 est une représentation schématique d'un complexe obtenu conformément à l'invention.
• La figure 8 est une photographie vue de dessus d'un complexe réalisé conformément à l'invention.

The manner of carrying out the invention, as well as the advantages which result therefrom, will emerge clearly from the description of the embodiments which follow, with the support of the appended figures in which:

• FIG. 1 illustrates the basic cycle for producing a knitted fabric according to a first embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 2 is a top photograph of a three-dimensional knit with patterns.
• FIG. 3 is a photograph of the edge of the textile of FIG. 2.
• Figure 4 is a simplified schematic view of a knitted fabric obtained in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 5 represents the weaving diagram used to make the knitting of FIG. 4.
• FIG. 6 represents the reinforcement diagram used to make the knitting of FIG. 4.
• Figure 7 is a schematic representation of a complex obtained according to the invention.
• Figure 8 is a top view photograph of a complex produced in accordance with the invention.

Ways to realize the invention

As already mentioned, the invention relates both to knitted textiles three-dimensional with a partially translucent face, as well as rows of binding threads also at least partially translucent, which makes it possible to see a fraction of the wrong side through the right side of such a fabric. many variants can be obtained, depending on the type of technology of knitting used as well as the patterns or patterns of weave used and the type of employed sons.

1 ^st example of implementation

FIG. 1 illustrates the structure of a first exemplary embodiment in which two different tying threads are used.

More specifically, the reverse side (13) of the knitted fabric (10) of FIG. 1 is obtained by a single knitted fabric, knitted with a first thread (18) on scrap n ° 1, and a second thread (19) on the fall n ° 2, these two wires having a certain opacity. The right side (12) of the same knitting (10) is also carried out by a single plain knitting, but from a thread (11) translucent.

The binding of the reverse sides (13) and place (12) is ensured by two binding threads (14,15) of different types. One of the threads (15) works with all the needles of the tray on the reverse side (13), and works with the right side (12) in certain areas (16). This first binding wire (15) may have a certain opacity. This wire (15) can be identical or different from the thread (18) ensuring the knitting of the reverse side (13), therefore that it is less translucent than the wire (11) of the face side (12).

The right side (12) and reverse side (13) are also connected by another wire of binding (14) of a different type (B), also working with all the needles of the tray on the reverse side (13). This wire (14) also works with the right side (12) in areas (17) complementary to those in which the other binding wire (15) works with the same face (12).

Electronic Jacquard selection of knitting cylinder needles can generate patterns with endless possibilities, and on large scales.

In practice, the second translucent binding wire (14) can be identical to the wire (11) from the right side (12). It may however be slightly different, since it has a sufficiently translucent character to allow the reverse side (13) to be seen across from the right side (12). More specifically, the reverse side (13) appears at the level zones (17) in which the transparent binding wire (14) works with the face place (12). We thus perceive the thickness of the patterns formed by the zones (16) in which the opaque binding wire (15) works with the right side (12).

In a particular embodiment, the reverse side (13) can be made at from a false twist and fixed textured multifilament polyester yarn (A) (FTF), a title of 167 dtex, and dyed in blue color. For plain knitting on the right side (12) as well that for the translucent part of the binding threads (14), the same thread (B) is used which can be a smooth, monofilament, translucent polyester with a titer of 110 dtex. The other thread of opaque binding (15) can be a thread (C), in false twist textured multifilament polyester and fixed, with a title of 167 dtex, and dyed in green color.

Different color effects can be obtained using identical (different) yarns (A) and (C), or of the same color or of different colors. Such a three-dimensional knit obtained with these threads has a weight of 300 g / m ² , for a width of 170 cm and a thickness of 2.5 mm.

It is thus possible to obtain a knitted fabric as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3. In such a knitted fabric, opaque patterns (16) are observed, appearing lighter in the photo of FIG. 2. In these patterns, the opaque binding wire (15), of type (C), works with the right side (12). Between these patterns appearing lighter, we observe the reverse side through the face side which is only translucent.

^2nd example

Other knitting technologies, and in particular knitted yarn knitting, make it possible to obtain textiles in accordance with the invention.

Thus, a knitted fabric having the appearance illustrated schematically in Figure 4, can be obtained using a Rachel type knitting loom. An example of a diagram of armor used is illustrated in FIG. 5 schematically, by implementing six layers of different threads.

• dans une première colonne, le schéma d'armure correspondant de façon conventionnelle au déplacement des barres à passettes par rapport aux aiguilles, en indiquant la séquence unitaire, qui doit éventuellement être reproduite de façon successive ;
• dans une deuxième colonne, le type de fil utilisé. ARMURE FIL UTILISE B1 2222/0000// x6 Polyester FTF 76 dtex, 24 filaments B2 0111/1000// x6 Polyester FTF 76 dtex, 24 filaments B3 1201/2110// x6 Polyester plat monofilament 33 dtex B4 1201/2110// x6 Polyester FTF 167 dtex, 48 filaments B5 0001/1110// x6 Polyester plat monofilament 55 dtex B6 0022/2200// x6 Polyester plat monofilament 55 dtex

Thus, in detail, a table is shown below in which, for each layer of yarns used (B1) to (B6), we have identified:

• in a first column, the pattern of weave corresponding conventionally to the displacement of the guide bars relative to the needles, indicating the unit sequence, which must possibly be reproduced successively;
• in a second column, the type of wire used. ARMOR WIRE USED B1 2222/0000 // x6 Polyester FTF 76 dtex, 24 filaments B2 0111/1000 // x6 Polyester FTF 76 dtex, 24 filaments B3 1201/2110 // x6 Flat polyester monofilament 33 dtex B4 1201/2110 // x6 Polyester FTF 167 dtex, 48 filaments B5 0001/1110 // x6 Flat polyester monofilament 55 dtex B6 0022/2200 // x6 Flat polyester monofilament 55 dtex

Thus, the bars (B1) and (B2) are used to make the reverse side of the textile. To use this reverse side, textured threads are used which, by their power covering, will give an opaque appearance to this reverse side. Conversely, the bars (B5) and (B6) are used to make the right side to allow knitting of the threads translucent. The bar (B3) also has a monofilament translucent wire which, with the armor used, makes it possible to obtain a wide stripe of four wires. This stripe is translucent and we can thus see through the right side at this stripe the color of the reverse side. The bar (B4) has a textured dyed thread, therefore covering power. The scratches thus obtained by the bar (B4) are therefore opaque. We thus obtains an alternation of translucent and opaque stripes in the long direction of the textile.

For this particular example, the Rachel loom used is of the Mayer RD6 DPLM type. This loom operates at a speed of 900 strokes / minute, corresponding to a production of 20 meters / hour. The distance between needles is 3 mm, and the knitted fabric obtained has 20 stitches / cm, has a weight of 320 g / m ² and a thickness of 2.5 mm.

^3rd embodiment

According to another characteristic of the invention, the three-dimensional knitting described above can be combined on one or two of its faces with a layer of material polymer. This layer of polymer material can be either in the form of a homogeneous layer, either in the form of a foam, that is to say with a lower density to that of the raw polymer material.

Thus, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the complex (20) comprises the textile (21) obtained by three-dimensional knitting. This textile (21) comprises, for example on its face place, a layer of thermoplastic polyolefin, chosen for its good adhesion with the threads appearing on the right side (23) of the textile (21).

In practice, this polyolefin layer (22) can have a thickness of in the range of 0.4 to 1.2 millimeters.

Many variants of this polyolefin layer (22) can be used, to give either particular effects of color, being printed or not, either textured, smooth or grainy. The layer (22) can also result from the association of different elementary layers.

As already mentioned, the association of the textile layer (21) and the layer (22) of polyolefin can be carried out according to all the very varied processes, among which one can cite bonding, flaming, as well as extrusion followed by calendering with textiles three-dimensional, or even co-extrusion when the polyolefin layer is composed of several associated elementary layers.

The thermoplastic layer can include different fillers chosen so as not to alter the translucent nature of the polymer material. Thickness and layer thermoplastic and the material used, will be chosen to maintain a character translucent, and allow visualization of the visual effects of the thickness of the textile layer (21).

An exemplary embodiment is illustrated in FIG. 8 in which we observe lighter patterns (16), corresponding to the areas in which the opaque binding threads three-dimensional textiles are in contact with the layer of polymeric material. Between these light patterns appear darker areas corresponding to the areas in which the textile is relatively transparent. The use of this sheet thermoplastic gives a certain hold to the textile and also allows its conformation.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the three-dimensional textile (21) can be associated with a layer of foam (24), which may for example be based on polyolefin, without this being compulsory. This foam (24) can be associated with the textile three-dimensional by the reverse side when the textile (21) is already associated by its side place with a layer of polyolefin (22). However, the invention also covers variants in which the textile is associated only with a layer of foam, without receive a polyolefin layer on its opposite face.

The mouse used can for example be of the polypropylene type, with a density of the order of 67 kg / m ³ . This foam can be colored so as to combine its color effects with those of the textile. Its degree of transparency can also be adjusted to bring out the effects of the thickness of the textile while making it possible to conceal those which are disturbed by the textile, in particular when the complex is used as a coating.

Industrial applications

The textile and the complex according to the invention can be used in multiple applications, especially as coating materials. They find a particular interest in the field of furniture, as well as for some automotive equipment. More particularly, this type of complex can be used for covering vehicle seats, as well as covering walls vehicle interiors, such as dashboards, walls doors, roof pavilions and even luggage items. Because of translucent nature of this textile and of the complexes which contain it, the invention can be used in combination with lighting or backlighting means.

Claims (13)

Double-sided knit (10) comprising a reverse side (13) and a place side (12), connected by rows of a binding thread (14) working with the two sides (12,13), characterized in that the threads of the face side have a low covering power, and in that it comprises a second binding wire (15) of covering power different from the first binding wire (14), the two binding wires working either one or the other. other with the right side (12), according to a distribution defining patterns (16,17), so that the reverse side (13) appears through translucent patterns (17) defined by the weaker binding wire covering (14) on the right side (12). Double-sided knit according to claim 1, characterized in that the bonding wire of low covering power (B) and the thread of the face side (B) are identical. Double-sided knit according to claim 1, characterized in that the bonding yarn (B) of low covering power and / or the yarn of the face side are monofilaments. Double-sided knit according to claim 1, characterized in that the bonding yarn with the highest covering power is a textured yarn. Complex (20) incorporating a knitted fabric (21) according to one of claims 1 to 4, associated with a layer of translucent thermoplastic material (22). Complex according to claim 5, characterized in that the layer of translucent thermoplastic material is associated with the knit by its right side. Complex according to claim 5, characterized in that the layer of translucent thermoplastic material is associated with the knit by its reverse side. Complex according to claim 5, characterized in that the layer of translucent thermoplastic material is associated with the knitting by gluing, flaming, or co-extrusion. Complex according to claim 5, characterized in that the layer of translucent thermoplastic material is made of polyolefin. Complex according to claim 5, characterized in that the layer of translucent thermoplastic material is colored. Complex according to claim 5, characterized in that the layer of translucent thermoplastic material is grained. Complex (20) incorporating a knitted fabric (21) according to one of claims 1 to 4, associated with a layer of foam (24). Complex according to claim 12, characterized in that the foam layer is associated with the knit by its reverse side.

Images