EP1380460A1 - Vehicle with fuel tank - Google Patents

Vehicle with fuel tank Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1380460A1
EP1380460A1 EP02015408A EP02015408A EP1380460A1 EP 1380460 A1 EP1380460 A1 EP 1380460A1 EP 02015408 A EP02015408 A EP 02015408A EP 02015408 A EP02015408 A EP 02015408A EP 1380460 A1 EP1380460 A1 EP 1380460A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel tank
vehicle
tank
fuel
vehicle according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02015408A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1380460B1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Bauer
Andreas Köster
Natarajan Manthiram
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority to DE2002625679 priority Critical patent/DE60225679T2/en
Priority to EP20020015408 priority patent/EP1380460B1/en
Publication of EP1380460A1 publication Critical patent/EP1380460A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1380460B1 publication Critical patent/EP1380460B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/063—Arrangement of tanks
    • B60K15/067—Mounting of tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R2019/007—Means for adjusting or regulating the crash absorption capacity of the vehicle, e.g. when detecting an impending collision

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle having at least a fuel tank for holding a fuel for the operation of a vehicle propulsion system according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • US patent 4,570,446 A1 discloses a vehicle having a tank for fuel in the form of hydrogen.
  • a plurality of cylinders is arranged in a housing and filled with a hydrogen- storing medium.
  • hydrogen can be desorbed under the essfet of high temperatures and fed to an internal combustion engine.
  • the adsorption and desorption of hydrogen occurs at low pressures. It is possible, however, to carry gaseous hydrogen under high pressures in this vehicle tank.
  • An object of the invnetion is to specify a vehicle having a fuel tank, which is suitable for the transport and storage of gaseous or liquid hydrogen.
  • a vehicle having at least one fuel tank for holding a fuel for the operation of a vehicle propulsion system, wherein a structure is provided for executing a controlled deflection movement of said one fuel tank, so that in event if an impact a movement can be executed shifting said one fuel tank towards an essentially crash proof zone area of the vehicle and simultaneously releasing an inert gas from an air bag filling the volume around the fuel tank.
  • the invention is particularly suited to vehicles having a pressurized gas tank, especially to vehicles that are operated on hydrogen.
  • Figure 1 represents a side view of a fuel tank 1 holding a fuel for the operation of a vehicle propulsion system, such as a hydrogen-powered internal combustion engine or a fuel cell system.
  • the fuel tank 1 can be arranged in an underbody area of the vehicle, preferably behind the rear axle 4 in relation to the driver, thereby saving space, and extends between the two rear wheels.
  • the wheel suspension 2 is indicated schematically.
  • the fuel tank 1 can consist of a single tank or of more individual tanks.
  • the fuel tank 1 is mounted on a structure 3, preferably a movable frame 3, which can move the fuel tank out of the crash zone in case of an impact and which can also serve as a protective frame for the fuel tank 1. With help of this protecting frame 3, the fuel tank 1 can be slid under the rear axle in case of a rear crash.
  • the movable frame 3 holds the said one fuel tank 1.
  • the said frame 3 consists of two side parts each of which is mounted with two arms 8, 9 to the underbody of the vehicle.
  • the fuel tank 1 extends between the two side parts more or less parallel to the rear or front axle. Each side part of the frame 3 is mounted with two arms 8, 9 to the underbody of the vehicle.
  • the side view of the frame 3 is a box-like shape.
  • the arm 8 which is adjacent to the axle 4, has a rectangular part 6, in which the fuel tank 1 is mounted.
  • This arm 8 is mounted fixed to the underbody structure, which means that it can rotate or can be tilted around its attachment.
  • the other arm 9, which is afar from the axle 4, is slidably mounted to the underbody structure of the vehicle. In case of an impact this arm 9 moves towards the axle 4 causing the arm 8 to rotate subsequently moving the tank 1 down and towards the axle 4.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the sliding of the fuel tank 1 in case of a crash.
  • Fig. 2a exhibits the situation before crash, with the tank 1 mounted behind the rear axle 4.
  • the movable frame 3 starts to slide and deform towards the rear axle 4 (Fig. 2b) and continues to slide and move the tank 1 away, out of the crash area (Fig. 2c).
  • the situation after crash is illustrated in Fig. 2d.
  • the fuel tank 1 comes to rest securely unde the rear axle 4 and is safely hold in the frame 3.
  • the available deformation distance from the tail end of the vehicle to the tank 1 is increased.
  • FIG 3 another feature of the invention is illustrated.
  • the tank 1 can be prevented from colliding with the road surface at a high force load by making use of a protective airbag system 5 under the tank 1.
  • the aurbag system 5 consists of one or more individual airbags arranged around the tank 1.
  • the tank 1 when let free to slide down during crash will be subjected to high loads of several g due to the self-weight of the tank 1 and the frame 3.
  • the moving frame 3 can be integrated with airbag systems 5, which can be triggered almost instantaneously at the time of the sliding.
  • the tank 1 With help of the protective frame 3 the tank 1 can be slid at least partially under the rear axle 4 and the airbag system 5 are inflated due to a signal from a conventional crash sensor of a conventional vehicle control unit or the like.
  • the airbag system 5 help the tank 1 in reaching a safe position close to the road surface, but letting the tank 1 descend under the axle 4 in a safe and controlled manner.
  • the airbag system 5 when triggered inflate under tremendeous pressure. This pressure, which is controllable, can possibly clear the road surface around it and make free of small distrubances and obstacles which could damage the tank 1. When the airbag system 5 is inflated, the tank 1 can be made to fall over it, which will ensure the safe descent of the tank 1 to a lower and safer level away from the collision level.
  • the placement of the airbag system 5 can be decided on the kinetmatics analysis of the frame structure of the vehicle, in order to get an optimum usage of the airbag system 5. This safety feature can be easily incorporated, by integrating it with already existing safety sensors and instrumentation. This proves to be very economical since this safety feature does not require any additional sensor and measurement system onboard.
  • Figure 4 represents the situation with nitrogen gas in the vicinity of the tank 1 after the crash.
  • the airbag system 5 uses an inert gas as inflating gas.
  • the electric power supply of the vehicle is automatically shut off and also the valves of the hydrogen tank 1 in case of impact.
  • Solid propellant gas generators have been used for a long time as fire suppressants in many fire-fighting allications.
  • One such gas propellants is sodium azide.
  • Sodium azide is used to inflate the airbags in automobiles. This compound, when ignited at 270°C, will decompose rapidly releasing large amounts of nitrogen.
  • this nitrogen gas being lighter than oxygen, will displace oxygen molecules from the vicinity of the tank 1 and make the atmosphere inert for a short period of time. This reduces the chances of a combustible mixture formation by hydrogen and oxygen molecules, thereby minimizing the risk of undesired combustion of the hydrogen gas.
  • the nitrogen gas can form a barrier between the oxygen containing ambient air and hydrogen which might possibly bleed out of the tank 1 or ruptured tubes or vents (not shown)

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a vehicle having at least one fuel tank (1) for holding a fuel for the operation of a vehicle propulsion system. A structure (3) is provided for executing a controlled deflection movement of said one fuel tank (1) so that in the event of an impact, a movement can be executed shifting said one fuel tank (1) away from the area of impact and an airbag system (5) is provided for simultaneously inflating under or around the said one tank (1) preventing it from colliding with the surface road or obstacles.

Description

  • The invention relates to a vehicle having at least a fuel tank for holding a fuel for the operation of a vehicle propulsion system according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • US patent 4,570,446 A1 discloses a vehicle having a tank for fuel in the form of hydrogen. In this arrangement, a plurality of cylinders is arranged in a housing and filled with a hydrogen- storing medium. In these cylinders hydrogen can be desorbed under the essfet of high temperatures and fed to an internal combustion engine. The adsorption and desorption of hydrogen occurs at low pressures. It is possible, however, to carry gaseous hydrogen under high pressures in this vehicle tank.
  • An object of the invnetion is to specify a vehicle having a fuel tank, which is suitable for the transport and storage of gaseous or liquid hydrogen.
  • This object is achieved in a vehicle having at least one fuel tank for holding a fuel for the operation of a vehicle propulsion system, wherein a structure is provided for executing a controlled deflection movement of said one fuel tank, so that in event if an impact a movement can be executed shifting said one fuel tank towards an essentially crash proof zone area of the vehicle and simultaneously releasing an inert gas from an air bag filling the volume around the fuel tank.
  • The advantage of the solution according to the invnetion resides in the fact that a very compact apparatus is created and secondly that in the event of a crash the fuel tank is protected from the effect of excessive crash energy as well as from an oxygen containing atmosphere and undesirable ingnition sparks.
  • It goes without saying that the aforementioned features and those still to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination specified, but also in other combinations or individually, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • Other objects, advantages and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when considered with the accompanying drawings, where the figures show
    • Figure 1
    an illustration of the fuel tank mounted on a preferred movable frame,
    Figure 2
    an illustration of 4 intermediate stages of the sliding of the fuel tank with 2a before crash, 2b intermediate stage 1, 2c intermediate stage 2 and 2c after crash,
    Figure 3
    an illustration the tank protected by an air bag and
    Figure 4
    an illustration of the inerting of the atmosphere surrounding the fuel tank.
  • The invention is particularly suited to vehicles having a pressurized gas tank, especially to vehicles that are operated on hydrogen.
  • Figure 1 represents a side view of a fuel tank 1 holding a fuel for the operation of a vehicle propulsion system, such as a hydrogen-powered internal combustion engine or a fuel cell system. The fuel tank 1 can be arranged in an underbody area of the vehicle, preferably behind the rear axle 4 in relation to the driver, thereby saving space, and extends between the two rear wheels. The wheel suspension 2 is indicated schematically. The fuel tank 1 can consist of a single tank or of more individual tanks.
  • The fuel tank 1 is mounted on a structure 3, preferably a movable frame 3, which can move the fuel tank out of the crash zone in case of an impact and which can also serve as a protective frame for the fuel tank 1. With help of this protecting frame 3, the fuel tank 1 can be slid under the rear axle in case of a rear crash. The movable frame 3 holds the said one fuel tank 1. The said frame 3 consists of two side parts each of which is mounted with two arms 8, 9 to the underbody of the vehicle. The fuel tank 1 extends between the two side parts more or less parallel to the rear or front axle. Each side part of the frame 3 is mounted with two arms 8, 9 to the underbody of the vehicle.
  • The side view of the frame 3 is a box-like shape. The arm 8 which is adjacent to the axle 4, has a rectangular part 6, in which the fuel tank 1 is mounted. This arm 8 is mounted fixed to the underbody structure, which means that it can rotate or can be tilted around its attachment. The other arm 9, which is afar from the axle 4, is slidably mounted to the underbody structure of the vehicle. In case of an impact this arm 9 moves towards the axle 4 causing the arm 8 to rotate subsequently moving the tank 1 down and towards the axle 4.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the sliding of the fuel tank 1 in case of a crash. Fig. 2a exhibits the situation before crash, with the tank 1 mounted behind the rear axle 4. When a crash occurs, the movable frame 3 starts to slide and deform towards the rear axle 4 (Fig. 2b) and continues to slide and move the tank 1 away, out of the crash area (Fig. 2c). The situation after crash is illustrated in Fig. 2d. The fuel tank 1 comes to rest securely unde the rear axle 4 and is safely hold in the frame 3. When the tank 1 is slid under the axle 4 the available deformation distance from the tail end of the vehicle to the tank 1 is increased.
  • In Figure 3 another feature of the invention is illustrated. The tank 1 can be prevented from colliding with the road surface at a high force load by making use of a protective airbag system 5 under the tank 1. The aurbag system 5 consists of one or more individual airbags arranged around the tank 1.
  • The tank 1 when let free to slide down during crash will be subjected to high loads of several g due to the self-weight of the tank 1 and the frame 3. In order to prevent the tank 1 from being damaged due to this force load, the moving frame 3 can be integrated with airbag systems 5, which can be triggered almost instantaneously at the time of the sliding.
  • With help of the protective frame 3 the tank 1 can be slid at least partially under the rear axle 4 and the airbag system 5 are inflated due to a signal from a conventional crash sensor of a conventional vehicle control unit or the like. The airbag system 5 help the tank 1 in reaching a safe position close to the road surface, but letting the tank 1 descend under the axle 4 in a safe and controlled manner.
  • The airbag system 5, when triggered inflate under tremendeous pressure. This pressure, which is controllable, can possibly clear the road surface around it and make free of small distrubances and obstacles which could damage the tank 1. When the airbag system 5 is inflated, the tank 1 can be made to fall over it, which will ensure the safe descent of the tank 1 to a lower and safer level away from the collision level. The placement of the airbag system 5 can be decided on the kinetmatics analysis of the frame structure of the vehicle, in order to get an optimum usage of the airbag system 5. This safety feature can be easily incorporated, by integrating it with already existing safety sensors and instrumentation. This proves to be very economical since this safety feature does not require any additional sensor and measurement system onboard.
  • Figure 4 represents the situation with nitrogen gas in the vicinity of the tank 1 after the crash. An advantage is that the airbag system 5 uses an inert gas as inflating gas. Preferably, the electric power supply of the vehicle is automatically shut off and also the valves of the hydrogen tank 1 in case of impact.
  • Solid propellant gas generators have been used for a long time as fire suppressants in many fire-fighting allications. One such gas propellants is sodium azide. Sodium azide is used to inflate the airbags in automobiles. This compound, when ignited at 270°C, will decompose rapidly releasing large amounts of nitrogen. When the nitrogen gas is released out from the airbag system 5, this nitrogen gas, being lighter than oxygen, will displace oxygen molecules from the vicinity of the tank 1 and make the atmosphere inert for a short period of time. This reduces the chances of a combustible mixture formation by hydrogen and oxygen molecules, thereby minimizing the risk of undesired combustion of the hydrogen gas. The nitrogen gas can form a barrier between the oxygen containing ambient air and hydrogen which might possibly bleed out of the tank 1 or ruptured tubes or vents (not shown)
  • Should a fuel tank 1 be alternatively or additionally arranged in front of the front axle of the vehicle, these considerations apply analogously in the event of a frontal impact. The fuel tank 1 would then be shifted towards the front axle, preferably under the front axle, in the event of an impact.
  • The foregoing dislclosure has been set forth merely to illustrate the invention and is not intended to be limiting. Since modifications of the dislcosed embodiments incorporating the spirit and substance of the invention may occur to persons skilled in the art, the invention should be construed to include everything within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (8)

  1. Vehicle having at least one fuel tank (1) for holding a fuel for the operation of a vehicle propulsion system,
    characterized in that
    a structure (3) is provided for executing a controlled deflection movement of said one fuel tank (1) so that in the event of an impact, a movement can be executed shifting said one fuel tank (1) away from the area of impact and an airbag system (5) is provided for simultaneously inflating under or around the said one tank (1) preventing it from colliding with the surface road or obstacles.
  2. Vehicle according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the said one fuel tank (1) is arranged in an underbody area of the vehicle.
  3. Vehicle according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the said one fuel tank (1) is arranged in an area in front of a front axle or behind a rear axle (4).
  4. Vehicle according to Claim 3,
    characterized in that
    the controlled deflection movement of said one fuel tank (1) is shifting said one fuel tank (1) towards the respective adjacent front axle or rear axle (4).
  5. Vehicle according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the said frame (3) consists of two side parts each of which is mounted with two arms (8, 9) to the underbody of the vehicle where the fuel tank (1) extends between the two parts.
  6. Vehicle according to Claim 5,
    characterized in that
    the one arm (8) of the said movable frame (3) close to the axle (4) is mounted fixed but tiltable or rotatable and the other arm (9) is slidably mounted to the underbody structure of the vehicle.
  7. Vehicle according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    when the airbag system (5) is inflated the said one fuel tank (1) falls over the airbag system (5) or at least one airbag of said airbag system (5).
  8. Vehicle according to Claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the said one fuel tank (1) holds compressed hydrogen as a fuel.
EP20020015408 2002-07-11 2002-07-11 Vehicle with fuel tank Expired - Lifetime EP1380460B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2002625679 DE60225679T2 (en) 2002-07-11 2002-07-11 Vehicle with fuel tank
EP20020015408 EP1380460B1 (en) 2002-07-11 2002-07-11 Vehicle with fuel tank

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20020015408 EP1380460B1 (en) 2002-07-11 2002-07-11 Vehicle with fuel tank

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1380460A1 true EP1380460A1 (en) 2004-01-14
EP1380460B1 EP1380460B1 (en) 2008-03-19

Family

ID=29724430

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20020015408 Expired - Lifetime EP1380460B1 (en) 2002-07-11 2002-07-11 Vehicle with fuel tank

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1380460B1 (en)
DE (1) DE60225679T2 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4063164A1 (en) * 2021-03-22 2022-09-28 MARMIX GmbH & Co. KG Axle, commercial vehicle with axle and use
DE102007034299B4 (en) 2006-07-27 2023-07-20 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) Tank assembly for use in a vehicle
EP4438817A1 (en) * 2023-03-30 2024-10-02 Liebherr-Werk Bischofshofen GmbH A working machine

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9561765B1 (en) 2015-08-04 2017-02-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Fuel tank assembly including inflatable member

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4570446A (en) 1984-05-22 1986-02-18 Mitsui & Co., Ltd. Fuel tank for hydrogen vehicle and fuel supplying system
DE4009244A1 (en) * 1990-03-22 1991-09-26 Diehl Gmbh & Co Safety protection for container on goods vehicle - uses side-mounted air bags operated by tilt sensors
JPH061298A (en) * 1992-06-24 1994-01-11 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Fuel tank
DE19806607A1 (en) * 1997-02-20 1998-08-27 Volkswagen Ag Deformation-protection device for fuel tank in vehicle

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4570446A (en) 1984-05-22 1986-02-18 Mitsui & Co., Ltd. Fuel tank for hydrogen vehicle and fuel supplying system
DE4009244A1 (en) * 1990-03-22 1991-09-26 Diehl Gmbh & Co Safety protection for container on goods vehicle - uses side-mounted air bags operated by tilt sensors
JPH061298A (en) * 1992-06-24 1994-01-11 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Fuel tank
DE19806607A1 (en) * 1997-02-20 1998-08-27 Volkswagen Ag Deformation-protection device for fuel tank in vehicle

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 018, no. 192 (M - 1587) 4 April 1994 (1994-04-04) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007034299B4 (en) 2006-07-27 2023-07-20 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) Tank assembly for use in a vehicle
EP4063164A1 (en) * 2021-03-22 2022-09-28 MARMIX GmbH & Co. KG Axle, commercial vehicle with axle and use
EP4438817A1 (en) * 2023-03-30 2024-10-02 Liebherr-Werk Bischofshofen GmbH A working machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60225679D1 (en) 2008-04-30
EP1380460B1 (en) 2008-03-19
DE60225679T2 (en) 2009-04-30

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