EP1377347B1 - Appareil d'entraînement de la fonction respiratoire et procédé de commande d'admission d'air frais - Google Patents

Appareil d'entraînement de la fonction respiratoire et procédé de commande d'admission d'air frais Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1377347B1
EP1377347B1 EP02708122A EP02708122A EP1377347B1 EP 1377347 B1 EP1377347 B1 EP 1377347B1 EP 02708122 A EP02708122 A EP 02708122A EP 02708122 A EP02708122 A EP 02708122A EP 1377347 B1 EP1377347 B1 EP 1377347B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
air
valve body
respiratory
training device
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EP02708122A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1377347A2 (fr
Inventor
Lucio Carlucci
Wolfgang Nikolaus Nutt
Tobias-Lukas Vogel
Hans-Jörg ZWEIFEL
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Idiag
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Idiag
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/00192—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using resistance provided by magnetic means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A63B23/18—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for improving respiratory function
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A63B23/18—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for improving respiratory function
    • A63B23/185—Rhythm indicators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a training device for the respiratory function with a mouthpiece, a subsequent to the mouthpiece breathing air channel with an inlet / outlet for air, connected to the breathing air duct flexible air bag and a valve assembly for controlling the amount of discharged air discharged from the breathing air duct and the Entry of fresh air into the breathing air duct and a method for the operation of such a device.
  • Training devices of this type serve to strengthen the respiratory muscles. On the one hand, this can serve therapeutic purposes, on the other hand, healthy persons can also improve the respiratory functions and increase the respiratory effort. The latter is of interest to athletes, for example. Devices of this type are known, for example from WO 9917842.
  • the device described in WO 9917842 has a tubular respiratory air channel, which is provided at one end with a mouthpiece. At the end remote from the mouthpiece of the breathing air duct this is branched, wherein a portion of the channel opens into a flexible bag and is connected thereto.
  • the second branch of the breathing air channel is connected to a valve arrangement, via which spent air can flow out of the breathing air channel or fresh air can be sucked into the breathing air channel.
  • the valve assembly is a spring reed valve (Reed type), which opens at a predetermined negative pressure and allows the intake of fresh air through the breathing air duct.
  • the valve At normal pressure in the breathing air duct closes the valve and is further designed so that it reaches a certain Overpressure in the breathing air channel in turn opens and allows a flow of spent breathing air from the breathing air channel into the environment.
  • the basic function of the previously known training device is that the person using the device breathes only through the mouthpiece and thus the training device. During each respiratory cycle, a portion of the exhaled air is stored in the bag and, when it is full, the resulting overpressure opens the valve and exhausts the remaining volume via the valve. When switching from exhalation to inhalation, the valve closes and the person breathing through the mouthpiece first inhales the entire contents of the bag's volume.
  • the desired negative pressure and the valve opens again and allows the additional inhalation of fresh air.
  • the volume of the bag connected to the breathing air channel is determined person-specifically.
  • the previously known device has a control device which indicates which frequency should be used for breathing and a control device for monitoring the CO 2 content of the respiratory air.
  • the CO 2 content in the breathing air should remain constant in a predetermined, non-harmful area.
  • the components of the training device through which respiratory air flows are contaminated during each training session and must be able to be cleaned.
  • the affected parts must be sterilized. In the prior art devices, these processes cause difficulties, in particular, the cleaning of the valve assembly is difficult and associated with considerable effort.
  • the inventive use of a piston valve in the valve assembly leads to several advantages.
  • the housing part of the piston valve can form an integral part of the breathing air duct and the valve body can be arranged and guided directly in the interior of the breathing air duct.
  • the valve body has a piston which seals against a sealing surface on the air passage space and is slidably guided via guide parts in the air passage space and displaceable in both directions of the flow axis.
  • the valve body has no mechanical connections to the housing part of the piston valve, but there are additional force-generating means which position the valve body relative to the housing part of the piston valve in the sealing position.
  • These force-generating means also generate the forces to return the valve body from a deflected position back to the sealing position.
  • the force which is exerted on the valve body by the force-generating means is predetermined so that the valve body can be displaced from the sealing position into an open position when the air bag is full or empty due to the overpressure or underpressure in the breathing air channel.
  • the force-generating means are advantageously magnetic elements, while on the one hand in the valve body at least one component made of a magnetic material is arranged. On the other hand, at least one component for generating a magnetic field or at least one component made of a magnetic material is installed in the housing part of the valve.
  • the components for generating the desired magnetic forces are arranged in the sealing position of the valve body approximately in a common radial plane to the longitudinal axis of the air passage space.
  • the component for generating a magnetic field in the housing part The valve is expediently formed by a permanent magnet or by an electromagnet whose magnetic field can be regulated by changing the current.
  • the use of magnetic fields to generate the necessary holding and restoring forces has the great advantage that the forces can be transferred contactlessly to the valve body.
  • valve assembly The entire construction of the valve assembly is very simple, since no additional power transmission elements are necessary.
  • magnetic components or the components for generating a magnetic field can be completely encapsulated, so that a safe cleaning and, if necessary, a sterilization of the respiratory air in contact with components is possible.
  • the only movable component is in this arrangement, the valve body with the piston, which is freely displaceable in the air passage space of the breathing air duct.
  • magnetic elements as force-generating means allows several advantageous embodiments. It is possible, in the valve body, a component made of magnetically hard material, such as a permanent magnet to install and install in the housing part of the piston valve, an annular member made of a magnetically soft material, such as iron. But it is also possible to use in the valve body, a component made of magnetically soft material, such as iron, and in the housing part of the piston valve one or more components of magnetically hard material, such as permanent magnets to use. A particularly compact solution is obtained when both the valve body and in the housing part of the piston valve, the magnetic elements made of a magnetically hard material, eg in both cases of permanent magnets exist.
  • two components made of magnetically hard material are installed in this case in the housing part of the valve or in the areas of the housing part, wherein these components are symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the air passage space.
  • a significant advantage of all these embodiments is that the magnetic elements or their polar arrangements and the predetermined strength of the magnetic field allow accurate positioning of the valve body in the sealing position and indeed with the desired holding force.
  • constant or decreasing forces act on the valve body via the opening path, so that a very rapid complete opening of the air passage space in the valve is possible.
  • the inventive valve arrangement allows a more accurate determination and delimitation of the air volume, which in addition to the contents of the bag volume exhaled from the training device or inhaled into the training device and thus in the lungs of the exercising person.
  • a piston valve now also makes it possible to integrate the housing part of the piston valve in one piece into the respiratory air channel, i.
  • This component namely the breathing air duct
  • This component is releasably held in a jacket housing in such a way that it can be easily removed and cleaned. Since the valve body is guided freely in the breathing air duct, it can be easily removed from this and all these components can be cleaned in the simplest way. Conveniently they consist of a material which is resistant to sterilization processes.
  • the components of magnetic material or the components for generating a magnetic field, which are associated with the housing part of the piston valve and sensors for determining the position of the valve body are arranged expediently.
  • This jacket housing also includes a handle for holding the training device and the transmission organs for the data determined by the position sensors and any other facilities. Since the jacket does not come into contact with the breathing air, it does not need to be sterilizable and its shape can be made in a wide range, because the requirements for the possibilities for cleaning are much lower.
  • the training device can be used for two different training variants of breathing. Namely for endurance training or strength training. Endurance training works with the respiratory rate and depth of breathing. In resistance training, in addition, the resistance, which is opposed to the respiratory processes, changed.
  • the force-generating means in the region of the housing part of the piston valve are interchangeable or electromagnets are used whose power supply is adjustable. By using different strength means for generating power, the opening force of the piston valve can be changed. This has the consequence that the force generated by the respiration to open the valve is also changed. The same effect has the change of the magnetic field when using electromagnets.
  • this valve arrangement can be switchably equipped.
  • the electromagnet is linked to a control unit. This control unit then controls the opening and closing of the piston valve as a function of the predetermined respiratory rates or respiratory cycles.
  • a further advantageous solution results when resilient elements are used as the force-generating means.
  • at least one resilient element is connected on the one hand to an end region of the valve body and on the other hand to the housing part of the piston valve or the respiratory air channel.
  • the displacement of the valve body is advantageously limited by end stops. These end stops determine the opening positions of the piston valve for the discharge of spent air from the breathing air passage and for the entry of fresh air into the breathing air passage.
  • a Hall sensor When using a magnetic element of the inventive type in the valve body, it is expedient to install a Hall sensor in the housing part of the piston valve or in the shell on both sides of the sealing position of the valve body as sensors.
  • These Hall sensors react in a known manner to changes in the magnetic field by movements of the valve body in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the air passage channel and can thus generate corresponding position signals.
  • the Hall sensors can be replaced in a conventional manner by reed sensors, optical sensors or pressure sensors.
  • the sensors are connected to a sensor and via an interface and a data line to a control unit.
  • the term control device is to be interpreted in the broadest sense and includes, for example, the use of a computer.
  • This controller includes, for example, a Respiratory training target data input unit, a microprocessor, a data memory, and at least one control and monitoring information display device.
  • the desired limits or control values for the respiratory cycles are specified via this control unit.
  • the sensors arranged in the area of the valve arrangements the respiratory activities of the person using the training device are determined and these data are compared with the target data.
  • the control unit automatically determines the necessary corrections and displays them via the display device.
  • the person using the exerciser then has to change their respiratory processes, in particular the frequency and / or depth of respiration, until they agree with the target data.
  • the control unit If the deviations exceed a predetermined level, then an alarm function is triggered via the control unit, since then the CO 2 content in the inhaled and exhaled air no longer corresponds to the target values. Since in this inventive use of at least one piston valve, the open positions and thus the opening times of the valve body and from these the ratios of the moving air volume to each other can be determined accurately, the arrangement of a CO 2 sensor is not necessary. As a result, an additional simplification of the training device is achieved and also the handling by the training or to be treated persons is simplified. Due to the special design of the valve body, the training device is relatively insensitive to position and also facilitates handling in this regard.
  • the vital capacity is measured and used to determine the volume of bag desired for training.
  • the bag volume corresponds in the standard case 50% of the volume of vital capacity. Further details for determining the bag volume are known from WO 9917842 and are also used here accordingly. From empirical values for a so-called respiratory minute volume, a correction factor for the training state the affected person and the bag volume, the respiratory rate is calculated. A product of the two factors exercise state and respiratory minute volume is divided by the bag volume. For this purpose, more detailed information in WO 9917842 are included and additionally applicable.
  • the affected person breathes through the training device, which is inhaled at first a portion of the respiratory air volume is removed from the air bag and then a part of the air volume is supplied via the valve assembly from the ambient air with emptied bag.
  • the valve arrangement is opened by the negative pressure generated in the respiratory air channel as a result of the inhalation process.
  • changing from inhalation to exhalation process closes the valve assembly and it is first a part of the air volume supplied to the air bag and stored therein.
  • an overpressure is created as a result of the exhalation process in the respiratory air channel and the valve arrangement is opened again, and a portion of the exhaled air is released via the latter into the ambient air.
  • the control device is to be understood as devices which have at least one microprocessor or, for example, comprise a computer. About the controller, or its processor, the duration of each inhalation or exhalation cycle is determined from the predetermined respiratory rate. At the valve assembly, the duration of the open state of the valve assembly is measured and the corresponding measured values are transmitted to the control unit.
  • a ratio value is determined and compared with a predetermined stored value.
  • This predetermined stored value is known from experience curves, which were determined at approximately constant CO 2 content of the respiratory air. If the calculated ratio deviates from the stored and predetermined value, the control unit uses a display device generates a correction and / or alarm indication, and the person using the training device must adapt their breathing procedures to the values given by the device. For persons with average training, it proves to be advantageous to set the ratio between the calculated cycle duration of the inhalation or expiration process and the opening duration of the valve arrangement to approximately 2: 1.
  • force-generating means which are regulatable or controllable are used on the valve arrangement for positioning the valve body on the valve arrangement, there is the further advantage that corrections of the respiratory processes can also be made by regulating the opening times of the valve arrangement.
  • the desired opening times of the valve arrangement are predetermined at the control unit, which generates corresponding control pulses for the force-generating means.
  • the force-generating means perform the corresponding opening and closing operations of the valve arrangement, which are then only partially or not at all influenced by the positive or negative pressure in the breathing air duct.
  • This embodiment of the training device and the corresponding control specifications are provided in particular for use under expert supervision, so that compliance with the correct respiratory data is guaranteed.
  • the entire training device for the respiratory function is shown. It essentially consists of a jacket 1, a breathing air duct 2 inserted into this jacket housing 1, a mouthpiece 3 which is connected to the breathing air duct via a connection pipe 8 and an air bag 5.
  • the training apparatus is provided with a cable or data line 13 Control unit 14 connected.
  • the controller 14 includes a processor and data storage, which may also be part of a portable or stationary computer connected to the controller.
  • the jacket housing 1 has a handle 7, with which the training device can be manually held in the required and desired manner.
  • the mouthpiece 3 is taken by a person who uses the device for training or therapeutic purposes in the mouth and after closing the airway over the nose, the breathing is completely on the exercise machine.
  • the breathing air flows through the connection pipe 8 in the breathing air channel 2.
  • This breathing air channel 2 is Y-shaped branches into two channels, wherein a branch pipe 9 leads to the air bag 5 and the actual breathing air channel 2 to an inlet and outlet opening 4 for respiratory or fresh air.
  • a valve assembly 6 is arranged, which is described in more detail in FIGS. 2 to 4.
  • the air bag 5 is detachable via a connection element 12, connected to the branch pipe 9 and there are air bags 5 with different volumes available, which are used depending on the lung vital capacity of the exercising person.
  • the valve arrangement 6 initially closes the inlet and outlet openings 4, so that first the flexible air bag 5 is filled with expired air.
  • the respiratory rate per minute is set via the control unit 14 and its input unit 15.
  • the respiratory processes effectively performed by the exercising person are displayed on a display element 17 and speech outputs are displayed on a second display element 16, which is designed as a display, for example correction or error indications.
  • the control unit 14 or its display elements 16, 17 display alarm signals.
  • the vital capacity of the lung of the person to be trained or to be treated therapeutically must first be determined in a known manner. Subsequently, the volume of the air bag 5 to be used and the respiration rate with which the person is to breathe can be determined by calculation or with the aid of tables. The respective training condition and the desired training sequence must be taken into account.
  • pouches 5 are provided with volumes of 0.5 l to 3.5 l, in 0.5 l increments. For a well-trained male, for example, the following data will result.
  • the vital capacity is determined to be 5 l and the volume of the air bag 5 with 50% of the vital capacity is 2.5 l.
  • the respiratory minute volume depends on size and weight and is for example 150 l.
  • the calculated respiratory rate is then between 20 and 24 cycles / min.
  • the valve arrangement is a piston valve 6, which has considerable advantages over the known valves.
  • the breathing air channel 2 is detachably inserted into the jacket housing 1 and is releasably secured in the jacket housing 1 by means of the connecting element 10 and the closing element 11.
  • the connecting element 10 is arranged on the side on which the connecting pipe 8 for the mouthpiece 3 is located.
  • an external thread 18 is arranged and the connecting element 10 has an internal thread 44.
  • Via a sealing ring 19 which simultaneously forms a retaining shoulder, the connecting pipe 8 is connected by means of the connecting element 10 with the breathing air channel 2.
  • the breathing air channel 2 is Y-shaped and has an air passage space 26 and a flow channel 30 branching off from it.
  • the flow channel 30 leads, as already described, to the air bag 5, which is connected via the connecting element 12 to the branch pipe 9 of the breathing air channel 2.
  • the piston valve 6 is arranged after the branching of the flow channel 30.
  • This piston valve 6 consists of a housing part 22, which forms an integral part of the breathing air channel 2.
  • a sealing surface 27 is arranged in the region of the housing part 22, which extends in the direction of the flow axis 28 only over a partial area, for example 9 mm in the illustrated example, wherein the diameter of the air passage space 26 is approximately 23 in the region of the sealing position mm.
  • the air passage chamber 26 Before and after this sealing surface 27, the air passage chamber 26 has a larger cross section than in the sealing area.
  • a valve body 23 is inserted into the air passage space 26. This valve body has a piston 24 and a guide part 25 and 46. The valve body 23 is slidably guided via the piston 24 and the guide member 25 in the air passage space 26 of the breathing air passage 2 and freely movable in the direction of the arrows 31.
  • valve body 23 The movement of the valve body in the direction of the arrows 31 and in the direction of the flow axis 28 in the air passage space 26 is by end stops 42, 43 limited, which are shown in Fig. 4.
  • the installation and removal of the valve body 23 takes place from that side of the breathing air duct 2, on which the inlet / outlet opening 4 is arranged.
  • an external thread 20 is arranged on the breathing air channel 2 at this end region, which cooperates with an internal thread 45 on the closing element 11.
  • the flow axis 28 of the air passage chamber 26 coincides in the region of the piston valve 6 with the longitudinal axis 36 of the breathing air channel 2.
  • the various components of the training device can be separated from each other in a simple manner.
  • the breathing air channel 2 is simply shaped and has no complicated shape elements, which can be poor or impossible to clean.
  • the valve body 23 is shaped so that it can be cleaned optimally. This also applies to the other components, which come into contact with breathing air, namely the mouthpiece 3, the connecting pipe 8 and, for example, the closing element 11. All these components can be made of a material which can be sterilized if necessary.
  • the installation and removal of the valve body 23 can be done in the simplest way, since it has no direct mechanical connection to the housing part 22 and respiratory air channel 2. This leads to a considerable simplification of the cleaning and handling of the device.
  • the arrangement according to the invention also makes it possible for each person who uses the training device to assign those parts which are contaminated with respiratory air specifically, ie, personally.
  • the jacket housing 1 and the control unit 14 can be used by different, ie several people, since it does not come into contact with breathing air. In the normal case, a superficial cleaning is sufficient.
  • This embodiment according to the invention enables a cost-effective use of such respiration training devices, in particular in therapeutic use, where several different persons are treated in succession. For a new use of the respiratory training device all parts in contact with breathing air can be easily replaced and the device is immediately available again.
  • FIG. 3 shows a valve body 23 according to the invention, which is part of the piston valve 6.
  • the guide member 25 adjoins the piston 24 on the one hand and the guide member 46 on the opposite side, respectively.
  • the two guide members 25 and 46 consist essentially of 4 symmetrically arranged ribs, between which flow channels 47, 48 for the air are located.
  • the guide member 25 In the end region 41 of the guide member 25, which is averted from the piston 24, the guide member 25 has a larger diameter than the piston 24.
  • the diameter of the ribs of the guide member 25 is reduced and stop surfaces 49 are formed , Also, the diameter of the ribs of the guide member 46 is reduced relative to the piston 24.
  • the force-generating means 29 are shown, which hold the valve body 23 in the sealing position or determine the opening forces for the piston valve 6 and in the area of the housing part 22 is arranged.
  • the force-generating means 29 consist of magnetic elements, wherein the valve body 23 contains a component 32 made of a magnetic material and in the region of the housing part 22 of the valve 6 means are arranged with two components 34 of a magnetic material. In the sealing position of the valve body 23, these magnetic elements 32, 34 are positioned in a common radial plane 35 to the flow axis 28 of the air passage space 26.
  • the two components 34 are permanent magnets, ie magnetic elements made of a magnetically hard material.
  • the magnetic member 32 in the valve body 23 is formed by a permanent magnet or consists of a magnetically hard material.
  • the axes of the magnetic elements 32 and 34 are approximately parallel to the flow axis 28 and the pole arrangements are aligned identically.
  • the two magnetic components 34 are arranged in the shell casing 1 symmetrical to the flow axis 28 and abut against the housing part 22 of the piston valve 6. By that of the two magnetic elements 34th generated magnetic field 32 in the piston 24 and valve body 23 is positioned approximately in the plane 35 and thus the valve body 23 is held in the sealing position.
  • the acting magnetic forces are determined in a known manner so that the valve body 23 is deflected only at a desired negative or positive pressure in the direction of arrows 31 from the sealing position.
  • the corresponding power supply and control signal supply takes place from the control unit 14 via the cable 13 and other connecting lines, not shown, in the jacket housing 1.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to change the opening forces for opening the valve, as it may be useful in a strength training.
  • the valve opening times can be influenced and controlled by the control unit. This may be desirable for professional use of the device.
  • a further possible embodiment consists in the fact that in the valve body 23, the magnetic element is formed of a permanent magnet 32 and in the housing part 1, the magnetic elements of a magnetically soft material, such as iron, are formed, wherein expediently, an annular element is used.
  • the magnetic member 32 in the valve body 23 made of magnetically soft material, such as iron and the two magnetic components 34 in the region of the valve housing 22 made of a magnetically hard material, ie consist of a permanent magnet. All of these arrangements fulfill the desired functions according to the invention.
  • two sensors 37, 38 are arranged at a distance from the sealing plane 35 in the jacket housing 1.
  • Hall sensors by means of which changes in the magnetic field, which arise in displacements of the valve body 23 and its magnetic component 32, can be determined.
  • the same functions could also be detected by reed sensors, optical sensors or pressure sensors.
  • sensors 37 or 38 it is determined whether the valve body 23 in the opening position for the inhalation of fresh air or in the opening position for the expulsion of breathing air through the opening 4 is located.
  • the opening position for the inflow of fresh air through the opening 4 is determined by a stop 42 at the end of the sealing surface 27 and a stop 49 on the ribs of the guide member 25.
  • this opening position and the duration of the opening is detected.
  • the opening position of the valve body 23 for the flow of spent air through the opening 4 is determined by the end portion 41 on the guide member 25 and the inner surface of the end member 11, which forms an end stop 43.
  • This opening position is associated with the sensor 38, which detects the opening state and the duration of the opening.
  • the valve body 23 slides in the air passage space 26, whereby this sliding movement generates very little friction losses.
  • the arrangement according to the invention has the advantage that the forces necessary to deflect the valve body 23 out of the sealing position into the opening position are not progressively increasing the farther the body is deflected, but this force either remains constant or decreases.
  • valve body 23 is immediately deflected completely in the open position when the holding force in the sealing position is exceeded and thus the complete flow area for the air is released.
  • the flow rates of air are determined in a sufficiently accurate manner by the opening times of the piston valve 6 and there are no additional sensors for determining the CO 2 content of the air necessary.
  • FIG. 5 essentially shows the respiratory air channel 2 and the piston valve 6 in a schematic representation.
  • the jacket 1 and the other attachments are not shown.
  • the housing part 22 of the piston valve 6 is an integral part of the breathing air channel 2.
  • the housing part 22 has the sealing surface 27 and the valve body 23 is correspondingly arranged the piston 24.
  • the design of the valve body 23 and the sealing surface 27 corresponds to the embodiments according to FIGS. 3 and 2.
  • the force-generating means 29 are in this embodiment, however, not by magnetic elements, but formed by the two coil springs 39 and 40. The forces of these two coil springs 39 and 40 hold the valve body 23 in the sealing position and allow a deflection in the direction of the two arrows 31. This results in the same operation as described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • This embodiment can be used in certain cases, where the most cost-effective device is desired and also a progressive increase of the opening forces on the valve body 23 can be tolerated, ie a device with a lower working accuracy is allowed.
  • the advantages of the piston valve according to the invention nevertheless remain.
  • the training device can also be equipped with two piston valves 6 'and 6 ", as also schematically illustrated in Fig. 6.
  • a breathing air channel 2' has two laterally branching pipe sections 50, 51, each of which at its outer end
  • the breathing air channel 2 likewise has a branch pipe 9 which leads to the air bag 5.
  • a valve body 23 is arranged in the two pipe sections 50, 51, the embodiment of which corresponds to the valve body according to FIG Both valve bodies 23 have a piston 24, in which a magnetic component is installed in the form of a permanent magnet 32.
  • the necessary sealing surface 27 ', which cooperates with the piston 24, is arranged on the inner casing of the tube pieces 50, 51.
  • the two valve bodies 23 can be deflected from the sealing position only in one direction into an open position.
  • the valve 6 "in the pipe section 50 has the function of allowing the intake of fresh air through the opening 52.
  • the opening position of the valve body 23 is determined via the sensor 37 and the opening time is also determined only the function of allowing the outflow of spent air through the opening 53 when the air bag 5 is filled in. Again, the opening position and the opening time become the valve body 23 is determined via the sensor 38.
  • This arrangement with two piston valves 6 'and 6 "makes it possible to set different opening forces for the opening time for the aspiration of fresh air or for the opening time for the outflow of breathing air into the environment.This can be useful for certain training and / or therapy programs Be interested.
  • the vital capacity is dependent on the individual and the respiratory limit value is person- and gender-dependent.
  • the vital capacity (V c ) is measured in a known manner.
  • the volume of the air bag 5 is set to be 50% of the vital capacity.
  • AMV minute ventilation
  • MW breathing limit
  • Training in the range of these values ensures that the exercising person does not have too much CO 2 (hypocopic) or too little CO 2 (hypercopic) in the breathing air.
  • constants adjusted in the formulas must be used.

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  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Claims (22)

  1. Appareil d'entraînement pour la fonction respiratoire comportant un embout buccal (3), un conduit d'air de respiration (2) raccordé à l'embout buccal (3) et muni d'un orifice d'entrée et de sortie (4) pour l'air, un ballon d'air (5) flexible, raccordé au conduit d'air de respiration (2), et un ensemble de soupapes (6) pour le réglage de la quantité d'air usagé sortant du conduit d'air de respiration (2) et la quantité d'air frais entrant dans le conduit d'air de respiration (2), caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de soupapes comporte au moins une soupape à piston (6), cette soupape à piston (6) comportant un boîtier (22) avec un compartiment de circulation d'air (26) et une surface d'étanchéité (27) montée sur la paroi latérale de ce compartiment de circulation d'air (26), un corps de soupape (23) est disposé dans le compartiment de circulation d'air (26) du boîtier (22) et ce corps de soupape (23) est guidé par glissement dans le compartiment de circulation d'air (26) et est mobile librement dans la direction de l'axe d'écoulement (28) de l'air dans le compartiment de circulation d'air (26) depuis une position d'étanchéité vers une position dans laquelle au moins une partie de la section du compartiment de circulation d'air (26) est ouverte, ledit corps de soupape (23) comporte un piston (24) avec une zone d'étanchéité extérieure et un élément de guidage (25) pour le guidage par glissement dans le compartiment de circulation d'air (26), sachant que, dans la position d'étanchéité du corps de soupape (23), la zone d'étanchéité du piston (24) coopère avec la surface d'étanchéité (27) sur la paroi latérale du compartiment de circulation d'air (26) et obture la section du compartiment de circulation d'air (26), et des moyens (29) destinés à générer une force sont prévus pour le positionnement du corps de soupape (23) dans cette position d'étanchéité.
  2. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (29) destinés à générer une force sont des éléments magnétiques, le corps de soupape (23) comporte au moins un élément (32) réalisé en matériau magnétique et, dans la zone du boîtier (22) de la soupape (6), est agencé au moins un élément (33) destiné à générer un champ magnétique ou au moins un élément (34) réalisé dans un matériau magnétique, sachant que dans la position d'étanchéité du corps de soupape (23), ces éléments (32, 33/34) sont situés sensiblement dans un même plan radial (35) par rapport à l'axe d'écoulement (28) du compartiment de circulation d'air (26).
  3. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément destiné à générer un champ magnétique dans le boîtier (22) de la soupape à piston (6) est un aimant permanent (34) ou un électroaimant (33).
  4. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément (32) en matériau magnétique dans le corps de soupape (23) est réalisé dans un matériau magnétiquement dur, tel qu'un aimant permanent, et un élément (34) annulaire en matériau magnétiquement doux, tel que le fer, est disposé dans le boîtier (22) de la soupape à piston (6).
  5. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément (32) en matériau magnétique dans le corps de soupape (23) est réalisé dans un matériau magnétiquement doux, tel que le fer, et l'élément (34) en matériau magnétique dans le boîtier (22) de la soupape à piston (6) est réalisé dans un matériau magnétiquement dur, tel qu'un aimant permanent.
  6. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément (32) en matériau magnétique dans le corps de soupape (23) et l'élément (34) en matériau magnétique dans le boîtier (22) de la soupape à piston (6) sont réalisés dans un matériau magnétiquement dur, tel qu'un aimant permanent.
  7. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans le boîtier (22) de la soupape (6) sont montés au moins deux éléments (34) en matériau magnétiquement dur, en particulier des aimants permanents, et ces éléments (34) sont disposés symétriquement autour de l'axe longitudinal du compartiment de circulation d'air (26).
  8. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (22) de la soupape à piston (6) est intégré d'une seule pièce dans le conduit d'air de respiration (2), l'axe d'écoulement (28) du compartiment de circulation d'air (26) est orienté sensiblement dans la direction de l'axe longitudinal (36) du conduit d'air de respiration (2) et ledit conduit d'air de respiration (2) est fixé de manière amovible contre un boîtier de protection (1).
  9. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le conduit d'air de respiration (2) avec le boîtier (22) de la soupape à piston (6), ainsi que le corps de soupape (23) sont réalisés dans un matériau qui résiste aux processus de stérilisation.
  10. Appareil d'entraînement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les éléments (34) en matériau magnétique ou les éléments (33) destinés à générer un champ magnétique, lesquels sont associés au boîtier (22) de la soupape à piston (6), ainsi que des capteurs (37, 38), destinés à détecter la position du corps de soupape (23), sont disposés dans un boîtier de protection (1) et le conduit d'air de respiration (2) et le boîtier (22) pour la soupape à piston (6) sont insérés et fixés de manière amovible dans ce boîtier de protection (1).
  11. Appareil d'entraînement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (29, 33, 34) destinés à générer une force peuvent être insérés de manière amovible dans la zone du boîtier (22) de la soupape (6) et des moyens (33, 34) destinés à générer une force différente peuvent être mis en place.
  12. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (29) destinés à générer une force sont des éléments flexibles (39, 40) et au moins un élément flexible (40) de ce type est relié, d'une part, avec une extrémité (41) du corps de soupape (23) et, d'autre part, avec le boîtier (22) de la soupape à piston (6).
  13. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 2 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble de soupapes comporte deux soupapes à piston (6', 6'') à action parallèle, une première soupape à piston (6') étant destinée à commander la quantité d'air usagé sortant du conduit d'air de respiration (2') et une deuxième soupape à piston (6") étant destinée à commander la quantité d'air frais entrant dans le conduit d'air de respiration (2').
  14. Appareil d'entraînement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que le trajet de déplacement du corps de soupape (23) dans le compartiment de circulation d'air (26) est limité par deux butées de fin de course (42, 43), lesdites butées de fin de course (42, 43) ayant chacune dans la direction de l'axe d'écoulement (28) une distance prédéfinie par rapport à la position d'étanchéité du corps de soupape (23) dans le boîtier (22) et une première butée (43) déterminant la position d'ouverture de la soupape à piston (6) pour laisser sortir l'air usagé hors du conduit d'air de respiration (2) et la deuxième butée (41) déterminant la position d'ouverture de la soupape à piston (6) pour laisser entrer l'air frais dans le conduit d'air de respiration (2).
  15. Appareil d'entraînement selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 ou 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un capteur (37, 38), destiné à détecter la position du corps de soupape (23) dans le compartiment de circulation d'air (26), est disposé dans le boîtier (22) de la soupape à piston (6) et dans la zone de déplacement du piston (24) de la corps de soupape (23).
  16. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce qu'un capteur à effet Hall (37, 38) est inséré dans le boîtier (22) sur chaque côté de part et d'autre de la position d'étanchéité du corps de soupape (23), ces deux capteurs à effet Hall (37, 38) générant des signaux en réponse aux variations du champ magnétique dues aux mouvements du corps de soupape (23) dans la direction de l'axe d'écoulement (28) du conduit d'air de respiration (2).
  17. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le capteur (37, 38) est relié à un transducteur et ledit transducteur est relié via une interface et une ligne de transmission de données (13) à un appareil de commande (14).
  18. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que l'appareil de commande (14) comporte une unité d'entrée (15) pour des données cibles pour des exercices de respiration, un microprocesseur, une mémoire de données et au moins un élément d'affichage (16, 17) pour les informations de commande et de contrôle.
  19. Appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément destiné à générer un champ magnétique dans la zone du boîtier (22) de la soupape à piston (6) est un électroaimant (33) et cet électroaimant (33) peut être activé et désactivé par l'intermédiaire d'un appareil de commande (14).
  20. Procédé de surveillance de l'admission d'air frais dans un appareil d'entraînement selon la revendication 1, en cours d'utilisation par une personne effectuant des exercices d'entraînement de la fonction de respiration, sachant que lors de l'inspiration est prélevée d'abord une partie du volume d'air contenu dans un ballon d'air (5) et ensuite, lorsque le ballon d'air (5) est vide, une partie du volume d'air provenant de l'air ambiant est acheminée par l'intermédiaire d'un ensemble de soupapes (6) et lors de l'expiration d'abord une partie du volume d'air est acheminée vers le ballon d'air (5) et y est stockée et lorsque le ballon d'air (5) est plein, une partie de l'air expiré est évacué par l'intermédiaire de l'ensemble de soupapes (6) dans l'air ambiant et, avant le commencement de l'entraînement, il est déterminé un volume de ballon spécifique à la personne et il est calculé une fréquence de respiration spécifique à la personne et cette fréquence de respiration est entrée en tant que valeur cible dans un processeur d'un appareil de commande (14) par l'intermédiaire d'une unité d'entrée (15), caractérisé en ce que la durée pour un cycle d'inspiration et d'expiration est déterminée par le processeur, la durée de la position ouverte de l'ensemble de soupapes (6) pendant chaque cycle d'inspiration et d'expiration est mesurée et est transmise en tant que valeur de mesure au processeur, le rapport entre la durée du cycle calculé pour le processus d'inspiration et d'expiration et la durée d'ouverture de l'ensemble de soupapes (6) est déterminé et est comparé à une valeur mémorisée prédéfinie, spécifique à la personne et, en cas de divergences entre la valeur mesurée et la valeur mémorisée, le processeur génère par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif d'affichage (16) une information de correction et/ou une alarme et, de ce fait, la teneur en CO2 est maintenue sensiblement constante dans l'air de respiration.
  21. Procédé selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre la durée calculée pour le cycle d'inspiration et d'expiration et la durée d'ouverture de l'ensemble de soupapes (6) est défini à environ 2:1.
  22. Procédé selon la revendication 20 ou 21, caractérisé en ce que les temps d'ouverture de l'ensemble de soupapes (6) sont prédéfinis, l'appareil de commande (14) génère des impulsions de commande correspondantes et des moyens (33), aptes à être commandés dans l'ensemble de soupapes (6), exécutent des processus d'ouverture et de fermeture de la soupape (6) en fonction de ces impulsions de commande.
EP02708122A 2001-04-10 2002-04-08 Appareil d'entraînement de la fonction respiratoire et procédé de commande d'admission d'air frais Expired - Lifetime EP1377347B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH673012001 2001-04-10
CH6732001 2001-04-10
PCT/CH2002/000194 WO2002081034A2 (fr) 2001-04-10 2002-04-08 Appareil d'entrainement de la fonction respiratoire et procede de controle de l'alimentation en air frais

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EP1377347A2 EP1377347A2 (fr) 2004-01-07
EP1377347B1 true EP1377347B1 (fr) 2007-05-02

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US (1) US20040146842A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1377347B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3992620B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1254288C (fr)
AT (1) ATE361128T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2002242574A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50210073D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2284824T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002081034A2 (fr)

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US8758202B2 (en) 2006-08-21 2014-06-24 Trudell Medical International Respiratory muscle endurance training device and method for the use thereof
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EP1377347A2 (fr) 2004-01-07
ES2284824T3 (es) 2007-11-16
DE50210073D1 (de) 2007-06-14
WO2002081034A2 (fr) 2002-10-17
AU2002242574A1 (en) 2002-10-21
JP2004521698A (ja) 2004-07-22
CN1254288C (zh) 2006-05-03
JP3992620B2 (ja) 2007-10-17
ATE361128T1 (de) 2007-05-15
US20040146842A1 (en) 2004-07-29
WO2002081034A3 (fr) 2003-01-09
CN1501830A (zh) 2004-06-02

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