EP1375817B1 - Soupape d'étranglement de forage en sous-pression - Google Patents

Soupape d'étranglement de forage en sous-pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1375817B1
EP1375817B1 EP02291569A EP02291569A EP1375817B1 EP 1375817 B1 EP1375817 B1 EP 1375817B1 EP 02291569 A EP02291569 A EP 02291569A EP 02291569 A EP02291569 A EP 02291569A EP 1375817 B1 EP1375817 B1 EP 1375817B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
bottom hole
variable aperture
hole pressure
drill string
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02291569A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1375817A1 (fr
Inventor
Pierre Le Foll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Services Petroliers Schlumberger SA
Original Assignee
Services Petroliers Schlumberger SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Services Petroliers Schlumberger SA filed Critical Services Petroliers Schlumberger SA
Priority to EP02291569A priority Critical patent/EP1375817B1/fr
Priority to DE60209669T priority patent/DE60209669D1/de
Priority to AT02291569T priority patent/ATE319911T1/de
Publication of EP1375817A1 publication Critical patent/EP1375817A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1375817B1 publication Critical patent/EP1375817B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
    • E21B21/085—Underbalanced techniques, i.e. where borehole fluid pressure is below formation pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relation relates to drilling oil and gas wells. More particularly the invention relates to a technology known as underbalance drilling.
  • Underbalance drilling is a technique that enables oil and gas wells to be drilled with a negative differential pressure between the reservoir pressure P R and the well bore pressure P wb , also called bottom hole pressure P ANN' i.e., P R > P ANN .
  • P ANN' bottom hole pressure
  • the driller endeavors to keep the bottom hole pressure P ANN below the reservoir pressure P R .
  • US 6,230,824 discloses a rotating diverter for isolating fluid in a well from other fluid above the well, in order to drill the well in a underbalanced mode, and therefore improving drilling rates.
  • US 5,174,392 concerns a downhole drilling motor used in underbalanced condition, where a bypassed valve member is tuned with a spring and bit so the amount of weight on the bit governs the amount of power fluid directed to the motor.It is known to achieve a targeted underbalance pressure P TARGET by acting on a surface casing back pressure and/or on drilling fluid injection pressure in a drilling string, and/or acting on the fluid density or drilling fluid flow rate. The pressure(s) may be adjusted as a function of the bottom hole pressure P ANN .
  • the bottom hole pressure P ANN may for example be monitored in real-time. Alternatively, if real-time monitoring is not available it may be inferred from fluid friction losses of drilling fluids injected in the drilling string and returning to the surface, and hydrostatic head.
  • a further drawback in prior art relates to real time monitoring and lies in the fact that the transmission of the bottom hole pressure information may not take place instantaneously.
  • the transmission delay may be as high as 30 seconds in the case of an electro-magnetic telemetry.
  • the invention provides a method for underbalance drilling in a reservoir comprising operating a variable aperture of a downhole choke located at a downhole extremity of a drill string, to control a pressure differential between a drilling fluid pumped down the drill string from surface and flowing into the variable aperture of the choke, and the drilling fluid flowing out of the variable aperture, measuring the bottom hole pressure at the downhole extremity of the drill string , adjusting automatically the variable aperture as a function of the measured bottom hole pressure in order to keep the bottom hole pressure in a determined range, smaller than the reservoir pressure.
  • the measuring of the bottom hole pressure is performed using a bottom hole instrument assembly located at the downhole extremity of the drill string.
  • the method comprises measuring a momentary bottom hole pressure, and computing a target pressure depending at least on the measured momentary bottom hole pressure.
  • the variable aperture is automatically adjusted in order to keep the bottom hole pressure in a predetermined range around the target pressure value.
  • the method comprises increasing the variable aperture in case the bottom hole pressure is smaller than the target pressure value, thereby increasing the bottom hole pressure.
  • the variable aperture is decreased in case the bottom hole pressure is greater than the target pressure value, and the bottom hole pressure thereby decreased.
  • the invention provides a system for performing underbalance drilling in a reservoir using a drill string into which drilling fluid is pumped from the surface using a drilling fluid pump, the system comprising at a downhole extremity of the drill string a choke having a variable aperture through which the drilling fluid flows, and further comprises :
  • the system comprises storage means for storing a value of a target pressure, the controller using the target pressure to compute the control signal in order to adjust the bottom hole pressure in a determined range around the target pressure.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic representation shows a well bore 100, as used to drill an earth formation 101 for oil and gas extraction.
  • a drill string 102 comprises an elongated tube-like body that is terminated by a drill bit and a bottom hole instrument assembly (not shown in Fig. 1).
  • Drilling fluid 103 is pumped down the drill string 102, inside the tube, and from the surface by means of a drilling fluid pump 104. As the drilling fluid 103 exits the drill string it is returned to the surface mixed together with formation fluids, by flowing between the outer surface of the drill string 102 and a casing 105 of the well bore 100. Eventually the drilling fluid may be collected at a surface outlet 106.
  • FIG. 2 a magnified view of the downhole drill string extremity contained in the dotted circle of Fig. 1 is shown.
  • the schematic representation contains a drill bit 200 and a bottom hole instrument assembly 201.
  • the bottom hole instrument assembly 201 includes at least a bottom hole pressure sensor (not shown in Fig. 2).
  • a variable choke 202 is located at the bottom of the drill string, inside of the tube of the drill string 102 at proximity of the drill bit.
  • the variable choke comprises a variable aperture 203 through which fluid inside the drill string may flow according to arrow 204.
  • a pressure drop ⁇ P occurs between an input and an output of the variable choke.
  • the pressure drop ⁇ P may be influenced by altering a size of the aperture.
  • the bottom hole pressure P ANN is the pressure at the downhole extremity of the drill string (see Fig. 1).
  • the bottom hole pressure P ANN may be measured using a pressure sensor of the bottom hole instruments assembly.
  • variable choke comprises a variable aperture.
  • the variable aperture 203 of choke 202 is controlled by an actuator 300 that is powered either from the surface in case hardwire communication is available (not shown in Fig. 3), or from a downhole power source, e.g. a battery 301.
  • the actuator 300 of the variable aperture is controlled by a logic circuit 302 of the bottom hole instrument assembly.
  • the logic circuit 302 continuously compares the bottom hole pressure P ANN to a target value P TARGET .
  • the value of P ANN is monitored using the pressure sensor 304.
  • the target value P TARGET is stored in the logical circuit and periodically updated from the surface operator.
  • the update can for example be done using downwards telemetry using a communication module 303.
  • the surface operator is periodically informed of the actual values of the bottom hole pressure P ANN which is measured using the pressure sensor and transmitted for example using upwards telemetry.
  • the bottom hole pressure P ANN and other well parameters e.g., a net-flow value corresponding to a difference of the flow of fluid pumped into and the flow coming out of the well, may be used to compute the target pressure P TARGET .
  • One example for a method used to compute the target pressure P TARGET is known from the international application published under WO02/06634A1.
  • ⁇ used in the following represents a determined threshold that is used to avoid control oscillations.
  • the threshold may be pre-set in the logic circuit.
  • an actuator control signal is output in box 402 to the actuator of the variable aperture to increase or decrease the variable aperture and influence the pressure drop at the variable choke 403.
  • variable chokeaperture The method for controlling the variable chokeaperture described herein is given by way of example. A person skilled in the art could easily adapt or modify the method by introducing different or more sophisticated methods known from prior art for controlling the variable choke aperture and the resulting pressure differential.
  • the present invention allows to maintain an underbalance pressure condition in an efficient way. More particularly the invention overcomes the problems of over corrections and oscillations encountered in prior art. This is achieved by suppression of significant time lag between measurement of the bottom hole pressure and regulation of the parameters leading to a desired value of the bottom hole pressure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Details Of Valves (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Procédé de forage en sous-pression dans un gisement comprenant l'actionnement d'une ouverture variable (203) d'une soupape d'étranglement (202) située à une extrémité en fond de trou d'un train de tiges de forage (102), pour réguler une pression différentielle (ΔP) entre un fluide de forage (103) injecté dans le train de tiges de forage à partir de la surface et s'écoulant dans l'ouverture variable de la soupape, et le fluide de forage s'écoulant hors de l'ouverture variable, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend :
    • la mesure (304) de la pression de fond (P ANN ) à l'extrémité en fond de trou du train de tiges de forage,
    • le réglage automatique (302, 300) de l'ouverture variable en fonction de la pression de fond mesurée afin de maintenir la pression de fond (P ANN ) dans une plage déterminée, plus faible que la pression du gisement (P G ).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la mesure de la pression de fond est effectuée en utilisant un montage équipé d'appareils de mesure de fond (201) situé à l'extrémité en fond de trou du train de tiges de forage.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, comprenant en outre :
    • la mesure d'une pression de fond (PANN) instantanée,
    • le calcul informatisé d'une pression cible (P CIBLE ) suivant au moins la pression de fond instantanée mesurée,
    • le réglage automatique de l'ouverture variable afin de maintenir la pression de fond dans une plage déterminée aux alentours de la valeur de la pression cible.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, comprenant en outre :
    • l'augmentation de l'ouverture variable dans le cas où la pression de fond est plus faible que la valeur de la pression cible, augmentant ainsi la pression de fond,
    • la diminution de l'ouverture variable dans le cas où la pression de fond est plus élevée que la valeur de la pression cible, abaissant ainsi la pression de fond.
  5. Système pour réaliser un forage en sous-pression dans un gisement en utilisant un train de tiges de forage (102) dans lequel un fluide de forage (103) est injecté à partir de la surface en utilisant une pompe à fluide de forage (104), le système comprenant à une extrémité en fond de trou du train de tiges de forage (102) une soupape (202) ayant une ouverture variable (203) à travers lequel le fluide de forage s'écoule, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre :
    • un actionneur (300) pour faire varier l'ouverture variable,
    • un capteur de pression (304) pour mesurer la pression de fond (P ANN ) à l'extrémité en fond de trou du train de tiges de forage,
    • un régulateur (302) qui calcule et envoie un signal de commande à l'actionneur suivant la valeur de la pression de fond mesurée afin de maintenir la pression de fond (P ANN ) dans une plage déterminée, plus faible que la pression du gisement (P G ).
  6. Système pour réaliser un forage en sous-pression selon la revendication 5, comprenant en outre :
    • un moyen de stockage pour stocker une valeur d'une pression cible (P CIBLE ), le régulateur utilisant la pression cible pour calculer le signal de commande afin d'ajuster la pression de fond (P ANN ) dans une plage déterminée aux alentours de la pression cible.
EP02291569A 2002-06-24 2002-06-24 Soupape d'étranglement de forage en sous-pression Expired - Lifetime EP1375817B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02291569A EP1375817B1 (fr) 2002-06-24 2002-06-24 Soupape d'étranglement de forage en sous-pression
DE60209669T DE60209669D1 (de) 2002-06-24 2002-06-24 Drosselventil zum Unterdruckbohren
AT02291569T ATE319911T1 (de) 2002-06-24 2002-06-24 Drosselventil zum unterdruckbohren

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02291569A EP1375817B1 (fr) 2002-06-24 2002-06-24 Soupape d'étranglement de forage en sous-pression

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1375817A1 EP1375817A1 (fr) 2004-01-02
EP1375817B1 true EP1375817B1 (fr) 2006-03-08

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Family Applications (1)

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EP02291569A Expired - Lifetime EP1375817B1 (fr) 2002-06-24 2002-06-24 Soupape d'étranglement de forage en sous-pression

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP1375817B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE319911T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60209669D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008148158A1 (fr) * 2007-06-04 2008-12-11 Cardinal Trading Company Pty Ltd Appareil pour une utilisation lors du forage
US8636087B2 (en) 2009-07-31 2014-01-28 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Rotating control system and method for providing a differential pressure
US11566514B2 (en) * 2020-10-19 2023-01-31 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Bottomhole choke for managed pressure cementing

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8955619B2 (en) 2002-05-28 2015-02-17 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Managed pressure drilling
US7836946B2 (en) 2002-10-31 2010-11-23 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Rotating control head radial seal protection and leak detection systems
US7926593B2 (en) * 2004-11-23 2011-04-19 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Rotating control device docking station
US8826988B2 (en) 2004-11-23 2014-09-09 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Latch position indicator system and method
US7836973B2 (en) * 2005-10-20 2010-11-23 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Annulus pressure control drilling systems and methods
US7997345B2 (en) 2007-10-19 2011-08-16 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Universal marine diverter converter
US8286734B2 (en) 2007-10-23 2012-10-16 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Low profile rotating control device
US8844652B2 (en) 2007-10-23 2014-09-30 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Interlocking low profile rotating control device
US9359853B2 (en) 2009-01-15 2016-06-07 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc Acoustically controlled subsea latching and sealing system and method for an oilfield device
US8322432B2 (en) 2009-01-15 2012-12-04 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Subsea internal riser rotating control device system and method
US8347982B2 (en) 2010-04-16 2013-01-08 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. System and method for managing heave pressure from a floating rig
US9175542B2 (en) 2010-06-28 2015-11-03 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Lubricating seal for use with a tubular
CN102213083B (zh) * 2011-04-19 2013-10-23 中国石油化工集团公司 负压射孔与泵抽超负压生产一体化生产工艺
CN102182439B (zh) * 2011-04-26 2013-09-18 中国石油化工集团公司 一种平衡压力射孔负压返涌工艺
CN105332687B (zh) * 2014-08-06 2018-05-22 新疆格瑞迪斯石油技术股份有限公司 控压钻井控制系统中井口目标压力的设置方法及装置
CN109915130B (zh) * 2017-12-07 2022-02-01 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 一种试油装置及方法

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US4630691A (en) * 1983-05-19 1986-12-23 Hooper David W Annulus bypass peripheral nozzle jet pump pressure differential drilling tool and method for well drilling
US5174392A (en) * 1991-11-21 1992-12-29 Reinhardt Paul A Mechanically actuated fluid control device for downhole fluid motor
US5355967A (en) * 1992-10-30 1994-10-18 Union Oil Company Of California Underbalance jet pump drilling method
US6230824B1 (en) * 1998-03-27 2001-05-15 Hydril Company Rotating subsea diverter
US6415877B1 (en) * 1998-07-15 2002-07-09 Deep Vision Llc Subsea wellbore drilling system for reducing bottom hole pressure
GB9904380D0 (en) * 1999-02-25 1999-04-21 Petroline Wellsystems Ltd Drilling method
WO2002006634A1 (fr) 2000-07-19 2002-01-24 Schlumberger Technology B.V. Procede pour determiner des proprietes relatives a un puits en sous pression
CA2315969C (fr) * 2000-08-15 2008-07-15 Tesco Corporation Outil de forage en sous-pression, et methode connexe

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008148158A1 (fr) * 2007-06-04 2008-12-11 Cardinal Trading Company Pty Ltd Appareil pour une utilisation lors du forage
US8517122B2 (en) 2007-06-04 2013-08-27 Cardinal Trading Company Pty Ltd. Air/water separator and methods of use thereof
US8636087B2 (en) 2009-07-31 2014-01-28 Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. Rotating control system and method for providing a differential pressure
US9334711B2 (en) 2009-07-31 2016-05-10 Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc System and method for cooling a rotating control device
US11566514B2 (en) * 2020-10-19 2023-01-31 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Bottomhole choke for managed pressure cementing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1375817A1 (fr) 2004-01-02
DE60209669D1 (de) 2006-05-04
ATE319911T1 (de) 2006-03-15

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