EP1373737B1 - Systeme de pressurisation hydraulique - Google Patents

Systeme de pressurisation hydraulique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1373737B1
EP1373737B1 EP01925868A EP01925868A EP1373737B1 EP 1373737 B1 EP1373737 B1 EP 1373737B1 EP 01925868 A EP01925868 A EP 01925868A EP 01925868 A EP01925868 A EP 01925868A EP 1373737 B1 EP1373737 B1 EP 1373737B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressurization
pressure
chamber
valve means
outlet
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EP01925868A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1373737A1 (fr
Inventor
Vanni SIG Simonazzi Beverage S.p.A. ZACCHE'
Alessandro SIG Simonazzi Beverage S.p.A. GORBI
Massimiliano SIG Simonazzi Bev.S.p.A DAL CIELO
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Sidel SpA
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SIG Simonazzi SpA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/024—Installations or systems with accumulators used as a supplementary power source, e.g. to store energy in idle periods to balance pump load
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/015—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with pressure variation, shock, acceleration or shear stress or cavitation
    • A23L3/0155—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with pressure variation, shock, acceleration or shear stress or cavitation using sub- or super-atmospheric pressures, or pressure variations transmitted by a liquid or gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/14—Energy-recuperation means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B3/00—Intensifiers or fluid-pressure converters, e.g. pressure exchangers; Conveying pressure from one fluid system to another, without contact between the fluids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hydraulic pressurization system for application to pressurization devices operating in accordance with the high hydrostatic pressure principle.
  • EP 1 048 608 describes apparatus for continuous sterilization of packaged foodstuffs which comprises a treatment, at high hydrostatic pressure, of beverages previously introduced into containers made of deformable material (for example, polyethylene terephthalate) which are sealed before treatment.
  • the containers are introduced into suitable pressurization chambers which are then filled with a substantially incompressible liquid such as water and in which the hydrostatic pressure is imparted by a piston provided with a pressure-multiplier.
  • the piston is driven by a mechanical device comprising a cam and operated by a motor.
  • the problem underlying the present invention is therefore to provide a pressurization system which solves the problems of the devices of the prior art, in particular which permits quick and effective pressurization.
  • the pressurization system acts on a high hydrostatic-pressure pressurization device 2 comprising a housing 3 which has a removable closure element 4 and inside which a pressurization chamber 5 is defined for housing one or more objects 6, for example bottles, to be processed at high hydrostatic pressures.
  • a piston 7, acting inside the pressurization chamber 5, has a T-shaped cross-section the larger-diameter end of which defines, together with the walls of the housing 3, a chamber 8 filled with a substantially incompressible fluid which, in the embodiment described, is hydraulic oil.
  • a duct (not shown in the drawing), extending throughout a wall of the housing 3 which defines the chamber 8, is connected to the pressurization system of the present invention by means of a tube 9 which admits the hydraulic oil to the chamber 8 at high pressure.
  • An example of a pressurization device to which the pressurization system of the present invention may advantageously be applied is that described in the European patent application No. 00830705.0 which was filed on 26th October 2000 in the name of the Applicant of the present patent application.
  • the tube 9 is connected, by means of respective tube connectors 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e, to a plurality of primary pressure accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, which are filled with hydraulic oil for part of their volumes, the remaining part of their volumes being occupied by an inert gas, for example nitrogen, under pressure.
  • the pressure to which the gas is subjected in the reservoirs is preferably approximately 300 bar.
  • direct-pressurization valve means 11 Interposed in the path of the tube 9 from the primary pressure accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e to the pressurization device 2 are direct-pressurization valve means 11, for example, a solenoid valve the opening of which enables the pressure stored by the precompressed gas in the accumulators to be discharged onto the piston 7 of the pressurization device 2, as will be described further below.
  • a pump 12 drawing hydraulic oil from a reservoir 13 and admitting it to the tubing circuit 9, 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, 9e through a charging tube 14, keeps the primary pressure accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e under pressure.
  • charging-valve means 15 for example, a solenoid valve with, open/shut control and, downstream thereof, a non-return valve 16, the function of which is to prevent the excess pressure being vented from the primary accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e towards the pump 12.
  • the tube 9 branches into a secondary tube 17.
  • This secondary tube 17 is connected, by indirect-pressurization valve means 18, for example, a solenoid valve, to pressure-multiplier means 19 such as a hydraulic pressure-multiplier.
  • the valve means 18 comprises two outlets, that is, a pressurization outlet 29 and a discharge outlet 30, and an inlet 32, which are controllable separately.
  • the means 18 may be a three-way solenoid valve, operable in accordance with the following operative conditions: a) completely closed, b) pressurization outlet 29 and discharge outlet 30 in flow communication, inlet shut, c) inlet and pressurization outlet 29 in flow communication, discharge outlet 30 shut.
  • the discharge outlet 30 discharges hydraulic oil towards the reservoir 13 by means of a duct provided with valve means 31 with open/shut control.
  • the pressure-multiplier 19 comprises a housing 20 made of a material suitable for withstanding high pressures.
  • a material suitable for withstanding high pressures is a multi-layer jacket such as that described, in the above-mentioned European patent application No. 00830705.0 filed on 26th October 2000, the description of which, in particular with regard to this multi-layer japket and the structure of the pressurization piston, is incorporated herein by reference.
  • a piston 21 housed for sliding in the housing 20 has a T-shaped cross-section the larger-diameter end of which defines, together with the walls of the housing 20, a first chamber 22 filled with hydraulic oil, into which the secondary tube 17 opens.
  • a second chamber 23, which in turn is filled with oil, is defined by the smaller-diameter end of the piston 21 and by the walls of the housing 20.
  • the space 28 between the upper shoulder of the piston 21 and the body of the housing 20 - which, at this point, has a thickness such as to be engaged for sliding by the smaller-diameter section of the piston, - defines the stroke of the piston 21.
  • the chamber 23 is in fluid communication with a connecting duct 24 which is reconnected to the tube 9 downstream of the direct-pressurization valve means 11.
  • a non-return valve 25 is interposed in the connecting duct 24, upstream of the point of connection with the tube 9.
  • the tube 9 is connected, in the portion disposed between the direct-pressurization valve means 11 and the pressurization device 2, to a duct 26 for discharging the hydraulic oil from the pressurization device 2 to the oil reservoir 13.
  • Discharge-valve means 27, for example, a solenoid valve, are interposed in the path of the discharge duct 26.
  • the hydraulic apparatus of the pressurization system that is, the tubes 9, 14, 24, 26, the chambers 8, 22, 23 of the pressure-multipliers and parts of the primary pressure accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, is filled with hydraulic oil.
  • the pump 12 which draws hydraulic oil from the reservoir 13 and admits it to the primary accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, under pressure, through the charging tube 14, keeps the pressure of the inert gas in these accumulators above a predetermined operating level which, in the embodiment described, is about 300 bar.
  • the non-return valve 16 prevents discharge of the pressure from the accumulators towards the pump 12.
  • the direct-pressurization valve means 11 which are closed in the rest condition, open, allowing some of the pressure accumulated in the primary accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e to be discharged instantaneously along the tube 9 and into the chamber 8 of the pressurization device 2.
  • the indirect-pressurization valve means 18 and the discharge-valve means 27 are closed. The first pressurization stage continues until the pressure in the chamber 8 is in equilibrium with that in the accumulators.
  • the pressure in the chamber 8 will be substantially equal to the initial pressure of the gas in the accumulators, that is, in the embodiment described, about 300 bar. This effect is achieved, as stated, by the provision of a volume of precompressed gas definitely greater than the volume of hydraulic oil entering the chamber 8 of the pressurization device 2.
  • the second pressurization stage begins; this provides for the closure of the direct-pressurization valve means' 11 and the activation of the indirect-pressurization valve means 18.
  • the pressurization outlet 29 will be opened and the discharge outlet 30 will be kept closed.
  • the potential energy stored in the form of pressurized gas in the primary pressure accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e is discharged, in this case, along the secondary tube 17 and through the pressure-multiplier 19 to the chamber 8 of the pressurization device 2.
  • the operation of the pressure-multiplier 19, like that of the pressurization device 2, is based on the presence of a piston 21 with a T-shaped cross-section.
  • the pressure reached at the outlet of the pressure-multiplier 19 will be proportional to the ratio between the lower surface (in contact with the chamber 22) and the upper surface of the piston. For example, if the ratio between these two areas is 2, the oil pressure will be doubled, at least as a first approximation. In the embodiment described, the pressure output by the pressure-multiplier 19 will therefore be about 600 bar.
  • the piston 7 of the pressurization device 2 When the equilibrium condition is reached, the piston 7 of the pressurization device 2 will also be subject to this pressure, which will therefore be transferred, after suitable amplification by means of the piston 7 as described above for the piston 21, into the pressurization' chamber 5 and onto the object 6 to be processed which, in the example described, is a bottle to be sterilized.
  • the piston 7 of the pressurization device 2 With suitable dimensions of the smaller and larger surfaces 7 of the piston, it will be possible to achieve a pressure of a few thousand bar in the pressurization chamber 5.
  • the decompression stage which in turn is composed of two distinct stages, will start.
  • the discharge-valve means 27 and the indirect-pressurization valve means 18 will remain closed (operative condition a), see above), whilst the direct-pressurization valve means 11 will be opened.
  • the hydraulic oil will thus flow in the opposite direction to that in which it flowed in the pressurization stage, so as to compress the gas in the accumulators until equilibrium is reached, that is, until the chamber 8 is decompressed to the equilibrium pressure of 300 bar.
  • the non-return valve 25 will enable the pressure-multiplier 19 which, in this case, would operate in reverse, to be bypassed. The device thus clearly permits at least partial recovery of the potential energy expended in the compression of the fluid to 600 bar in the chamber 8.
  • an operating and control unit normally of the electronic type, which provides for the opening and closure of the valve means, the operation of the pump 12, and for any other additional operations such as those required by the particular application to which the pressurization system of the present invention is dedicated.
  • these operations may relate to the closure and opening of the closure element 4 of the pressurization device 2, to the insertion or removal of the bottle 6, and to monitoring of temperature, pressure or any other operative conditions required. Examples of these additional operations are those described in the above-mentioned European patent application No. 00830705.0 filed on 26th October 2000.
  • FIG. 2 differs from the first embodiment described above in the provision of a third hydraulic circuit entrusted with performing some auxiliary functions of the system, in particular, the resetting of the piston 21 of the pressure-multiplier 19, that is, its return to its initial position upon completion of the pressurization cycle.
  • reference numerals the same as those indicated in Figure 1 correspond to the same parts of the system.
  • the pressurization system will therefore be described only with reference to the additional characteristics, the foregoing description remaining the same for the rest of the system.
  • the charging-valve means 115 disposed downstream of the pump 12 have three separately controllable outlets.
  • the first outlet is connected to the charging tube 14, as described above.
  • a second outlet is in fluid communication with a secondary charging tube 128 which in turn is connected to a secondary pressure accumulator 129.
  • a non-return valve 130 is disposed upstream of this accumulator.
  • a third outlet is in fluid communication with a recirculation duct 131 which returns the hydraulic oil to the pump when the other two outlets of the valve means 115 are closed.
  • the secondary accumulator 129 is just the same as the primary accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e described above, with the sole possible difference that the pressure of the gas compressed inside it may be kept lower than that of the primary accumulators because of the lower energy normally required by the auxiliary operations to which the secondary accumulator is dedicated. In the example described, this pressure is about 150 bar.
  • the secondary charging tube 128 is in fluid communication, in the portion between the non-return valve 130 and the secondary accumulator 129, with an auxiliary tube 132 which opens inside the pressure-multiplier 19 in the space 28 which defines the stroke of the piston 21.
  • auxiliary tube 132 Interposed in this auxiliary tube 132 are valve means 133 with open/shut control and, downstream thereof, a non-return valve 134.
  • a discharge tube 135 provided with a non-return valve 136 puts the space 28 into flow communication with the tube connected to the discharge outlet 30 of the valve means 18, upstream of the valve means 31.
  • the operation of the pressurization system according to the embodiment of Figure 2 is exactly the same as that described above for the first embodiment.
  • the charging-valve means 115 will keep the outlets towards the tubes 14 and 128 open whilst the outlet towards the recirculation duct 131 will remain closed.
  • the pressurization-valve means 133, as well as the means 11, will be closed.
  • the valve means 133 of the auxiliary tube 132 will remain closed whilst the valve means 31 will be in the open condition.
  • the secondary pressurization-valve means 18 will be either in operative condition a) (first pressurization stage) or in operative condition c) (second pressurization stage).
  • valve means 31 Upon completion of the pressurization cycle described above, the valve means 31 will be closed and the valve means 133 will be opened and will provide for the admission of oil under pressure to the space 28, causing the piston to return to its starting position., Upon completion of this operation, the valve means 31 will be opened and the valve means 18 will be put in operative condition b), enabling the pressure accumulated in the chamber 22 and in the space 28 of the pressure-multiplier 19 to be discharged.
  • the system of the present invention may advantageously comprise pressure sensors for detecting the pressure in the primary pressure accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e and in the secondary accumulator 129. These pressure sensors send a signal to the operating and control unit that controls the outlets of the valve means 115 which are connected, respectively, to the charging tube 14, to the secondary charging tube 128, or to the recirculation duct 131. For example, when the pressure in the primary accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e reaches the pressure set (in the embodiment described, about 300 bar), the outlet of the valve relating to the tube 14 is thus blocked.
  • the outlet for the tube 128 is blocked.
  • the operating and control unit provides for the outlet to the recirculation duct 131 to be ppened.
  • the system of the invention thus enables the pressure in the pressure accumulators to be kept almost constant, without the need to interrupt the operation of the pump 12, even during the stage of the pressurization of the pressurization device 2.
  • the secondary hydraulic circuit connected to the secondary pressure accumulator 129 also operates the mechanism for opening and closing the pressurization device 2.
  • the closure element 4 is a cylinder with a transverse through-hole for the insertion of a pin 136.
  • the pin 136 also extends through the wall of the housing 3 of the device and has the function of a lock for the closure element 4 so as to cope with the axial thrusts of the system.
  • the pin 136 constitutes the shaft of a piston 137 housed for sliding in a housing 138 of the pin piston.
  • the piston 137 defines, in the housing 138, a return chamber 140 (which the surface of'the piston carrying the pin 136 faces) and a thrust chamber 139 (which the opposite surface of the piston faces).
  • the closure element, 4 is fixed at the top to a shaft 141 which in turn terminates, at its opposite end, in a piston 142 housed for sliding in a housing 143 of the closure piston.
  • the piston 142 defines in the housing 143, a return chamber 144 (which the surface of the piston carrying the shaft 141 faces) and a thrust chamber 145 (which the opposite surface of the piston faces).
  • valve means 133 connected to the secondary pressure accumulator 129 will have three outlets.
  • the first outlet is connected to the secondary tube 132, as described above.
  • the second outlet is in fluid communication, by means of a duct 146, with closure-control valve means 147.
  • the third outlet is in fluid communication, by means of a duct 148, with pin-control valve means 149.
  • the three outlets are operable independently.
  • the closure-control valve means 147 in turn have two outlets.
  • the first outlet is connected to a thrust tube 150 which brings hydraulic oil to the thrust chamber 145 of the closure-piston housing 143.
  • the second outlet is connected to a return tube 151 which brings hydraulic oil to the return chamber 144 of the closure-piston housing 143.
  • the pin-control valve means 149 has two outlets.
  • the first outlet is connected to a thrust tube 152 which brings hydraulic oil to the thrust chamber 139 of the pin-piston housing 138.
  • the second outlet is connected to a return tube 153 which brings hydraulic oil to the return chamber 140 of the pin-piston housing 138.
  • Both the thrust tubes 150, 152 and the return tubes 151, 153 are in flow communication with respective ducts which recirculate the oil to the reservoir 13.
  • Each of these ducts has valve means (not shown in the drawing) which open and close alternately.
  • the sequence of operations will be as follows.
  • the outlet of the valve means 133 to the duct 146 is opened and, at the same time, the closure-control valve means 147 open the outlet to the thrust tube 150 which admits oil to the thrust chamber 145.
  • the oil present in the return chamber 144 will therefore be pumped along the return tube 151 by the piston and, finding the valve means 147 closed, will be directed into the duct which recirculates the oil to the reservoir 13, the valve of which will therefore be in the open condition.
  • the closure element 4 will fall onto the opening of the housing 3 of the pressurization device 2 to block this opening.
  • the valve means 147 will keep both of the outlets in the closed condition, Whilst the valve means 149 will open the outlet for the thrust tube 152.
  • the pin 136 will also be inserted through the holes in the casing 3 of the device and of the closure element 4 by a mechanism similar to that described above for the closure element 4.
  • the oil discharged from the return chamber 140 of the pin-piston housing 138 will be directed into the respective recirculation duct towards the reservoir 13, after the valve means connected thereto have been opened.
  • the same sequence of steps will be repeated, but in reverse, for the release and removal of the closure element 4 upon completion of the pressurization cycle.
  • the system provides for the storage of potential energy in the form of pressurized gas in the pressure accumulators and its instantaneous release at the moment of use by kinetics approaching those of a deflagration.
  • This mechanism reduces to the minimum the times required for the pressurization stage so that cycles comprising pressurizations and partial decompressions can be performed in accordance with predetermined profiles which are particularly advantageous in some applications (for example, sterilization of foods or beverages in containers). For example, it will be possible to bring the pressure in the chamber 8 of the pressurization device 2 from atmospheric pressure to 600 bar in about 5 seconds, and partial decompression to 500 bar and repressurization to 600 bar may require only about 2 seconds.
  • a pressure-multiplier 19 which can be operated at the pressurization stage and bypassed at the decompression stage permits partial recovery of the potential energy, optimizing the energy cycle of the system.
  • the provision of the secondary pressure accumulator 129 has the advantage that some auxiliary functions such as the resetting of the pressure-multiplier piston and the opening/closure of the closure element of the pressurization device are also brought about by the same hydraulic system and within the same short times. For example, this latter operation can also be carried out in a time generally of between 4 and 4.5 seconds.
  • the pressurization system according to the invention is composed substantially of a hydraulic circuit, mechanical componentry (mechanical actuators, cams, etc.) can be minimized, with a consequent reduction in the maintenance costs of the system.
  • the number of primary pressure accumulators 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e may be increased or reduced according to the requirements and the size of the plant.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)

Claims (24)

  1. Système de pressurisation, le système comprenant un premier circuit hydraulique dans lequel un ou plusieurs accumulateurs de pression primaires (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e) sont reliés à un dispositif de pressurisation (2) de manière contrôlée afin qu'un fluide sensiblement incompressible soit admis dans, ou récupéré depuis, ledit dispositif de pressurisation (2) à une première pression (P1), les accumulateurs de pression primaires (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e) étant des accumulateurs de pression de gaz précomprimé, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif de pressurisation (2) est un dispositif de pressurisation à pression hydrostatique élevée comprenant un boítier (3) à l'intérieur duquel une chambre de pressurisation (5) est définie pour loger un ou plusieurs objets (6) devant être traités à une pression hydrostatique élevée.
  2. Système de pressurisation selon la revendication 1, le système comprenant un deuxième circuit hydraulique dans lequel l'accumulateur ou les accumulateurs de pression primaire(s) (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e) sont reliés audit dispositif de pressurisation (2) de manière contrôlée par un moyen multiplicateur de pression (19) afin de laisser passer le fluide incompressible jusqu'au dispositif (2) à une deuxième pression (P2) supérieure à la première pression (P1).
  3. Système de pressurisation selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, les premier et deuxième circuits hydrauliques étant en communication de fluide avec un moyen de pompage (12) qui aspire le fluide incompressible depuis un réservoir (13) et l'admet dans les premier et deuxième circuits hydrauliques.
  4. Système de pressurisation selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le moyen de pompage (12) est relié aux accumulateurs de pression primaires (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e) au moyen d'un tube chargeur (14) dans lequel un moyen de vanne (15) avec une commande ouvert/fermé et, en aval de celui-ci, un clapet de non-retour (16), sont intercalés.
  5. Système de pressurisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel le premier circuit hydraulique comprend un tube de pressurisation directe (9) dans lequel un moyen de vanne de pressurisation directe (11) est intercalé, le tube (9) mettant les accumulateurs de pression primaires (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e) en communication de fluide avec le dispositif de pressurisation (2).
  6. Système de pressurisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, dans lequel le deuxième circuit hydraulique comprend un tube de pressurisation secondaire (17) qui part du tube primaire (9) et qui est relié, par un moyen de vanne de pressurisation indirecte (18), au moyen multiplicateur de pression (19), le moyen multiplicateur de pression (19) étant à son tour en communication de fluide avec un conduit de connexion (24) dans lequel un clapet de non-retour (25) est intercalé et qui est relié de nouveau au tube de pressurisation directe (9) en aval du point d'origine du tube de pressurisation secondaire (17).
  7. Système de pressurisation selon la revendication 6, dans lequel le moyen multiplicateur de pression (19) comprend un boítier (20) à l'intérieur duquel un piston (21) avec une section transversale en forme de T est logé pour glissement, l'extrémité de plus grand diamètre du piston définissant, avec les parois du logement (20), une première chambre (22) qui est remplie d'un fluide incompressible et dans laquelle le tube de pressurisation secondaire (18) s'ouvre, une deuxième chambre (23) qui, à son tour, est remplie du fluide incompressible, étant définie par l'extrémité de plus petit diamètre du piston (21) et par les parois du boítier (20), la deuxième chambre (23) étant en communication de fluide avec le conduit de connexion (24).
  8. Système de pressurisation selon la revendication 6 ou la revendication 7, dans lequel le moyen de vanne de pressurisation indirecte (18) comprend une entrée (32), une sortie de pressurisation (29) en communication de fluide avec la première chambre (22) du moyen multiplicateur de pression (19), et une sortie de décharge (30) en communication de fluide avec un conduit pourvu d'un moyen de vanne (31) avec une commande ouvert/fermé, pour la remise en circulation du fluide incompressible jusqu'au réservoir (13).
  9. Système de pressurisation selon la revendication 8, dans lequel le moyen de vanne de pressurisation indirecte (18) peut être actionné selon les conditions opérantes suivantes : a) complètement fermé, b) sortie de pressurisation (29) et sortie de décharge (30) en communication de fluide, entrée fermée, c) entrée et sortie de pressurisation (29) en communication de fluide, sortie de décharge (30) fermée.
  10. Système de pressurisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel le tube (9) du premier circuit hydraulique est relié à un conduit (26) pour décharger jusqu'au réservoir (13) le fluide sensiblement incompressible originaire dudit dispositif de pressurisation (2), le conduit de décharge (26) comprenant un moyen de vanne de décharge (27).
  11. Système de pressurisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel ledit dispositif de pressurisation (2) comporte un élément de fermeture amovible (4), un piston (7) avec une section transversale en forme de T opérant dans ladite chambre de pressurisation (5), l'extrémité de plus grand diamètre du piston (7) définissant, conjointement aux parois du boítier (3), une chambre (8) remplie d'un fluide sensiblement incompressible, et la chambre (8) étant reliée au tube de pressurisation directe (9) pour l'admission du fluide sensiblement incompressible jusqu'à la chambre (8) à pression élevée.
  12. Système de pressurisation selon la revendication 7 ou 11, le système comprenant également un troisième circuit hydraulique comprenant un ou plusieurs accumulateurs de pression secondaires (129) qui sont reliés au moyen multiplicateur de pression (19) et audit dispositif de pressurisation (2) de manière contrôlée afin de rétablir le piston (21) et/ou d'actionner le mécanisme cinématique pour l'ouverture/la fermeture de l'élément de fermeture amovible (4).
  13. Système de pressurisation selon les revendications 7 et 12, dans lequel les accumulateurs de pression secondaires (129) sont reliés au moyen d'un tube auxiliaire (132) comprenant, en séquence, un moyen de vanne (133) et un clapet de non-retour (134), à l'espace (28) défini entre l'épaulement du piston (21), formé au point de jonction entre les deux parties du piston de diamètres différents, et la partie plus épaisse du boítier (20) du moyen multiplicateur de pression (19).
  14. Système de pressurisation selon la revendication 12 ou la revendication 13, dans lequel le moyen de vanne (133) comprend une première sortie reliée au tube auxiliaire (132), une deuxième sortie en communication de fluide avec un moyen de vanne de commande de fermeture (147), et une troisième sortie en communication de fluide avec un moyen de vanne de commande à goupille (149), les trois sorties pouvant être actionnées indépendamment.
  15. Système de pressurisation selon la revendication 13, dans lequel le moyen de vanne de commande de fermeture (147) comprend, à son tour, une première sortie en communication de fluide avec la chambre de poussée (145) du boítier (143) du piston de fermeture (142) et une deuxième sortie en communication de fluide avec la chambre de retour (144) du logement (143), et dans lequel le moyen de vanne de commande à goupille (149) comprend à son tour une première sortie en communication de fluide avec la chambre de poussée (139) du boítier (138) du piston à axe (137) et une deuxième sortie en communication de fluide avec la chambre de retour (140) du boítier (138).
  16. Système de pressurisation selon la revendication 15, dans lequel l'espace (28) dans le moyen multiplicateur de pression (19), les chambres de poussée (139, 145), et les chambres de retour (140, 144) sont en communication de fluide avec des conduits respectifs pour remettre en circulation le fluide sensiblement incompressible jusqu'au réservoir (13).
  17. Système de pressurisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 16, dans lequel un moyen de vanne de charge (115) est prévu, disposé en aval de la pompe (12) et comportant une première sortie reliée au tube chargeur (14), une deuxième sortie en communication de fluide avec les accumulateurs de pression secondaires (129), et une troisième sortie en communication de fluide avec un conduit (131) pour remettre en circulation le fluide sensiblement incompressible jusqu'au réservoir (13), les trois sorties pouvant être actionnées séparément.
  18. Système de pressurisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17, le système comprenant également une unité de commande et d'actionnement qui régit le fonctionnement du système.
  19. Système de pressurisation selon la revendication 18, l'unité de commande et d'actionnement commandant le fonctionnement du moyen de pompage (12), des moyens de vanne (15, 115 ; 11 ; 18 ; 27 ; 31 ; 133 ; 147 ; 149), et de capteurs de température et de pression du système.
  20. Système de pressurisation selon la revendication 18 ou la revendication 19, dans lequel les accumulateurs de pression (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 129) comprennent des capteurs de pression fonctionnellement reliés au moyen de vanne (115) qui sont reliés au tube chargeur (14), aux accumulateurs de pression secondaires (129), et au conduit de remise en circulation (131), respectivement.
  21. Système de pressurisation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 20, dans lequel les accumulateurs de pression (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e) sont chargés à environ 300 bars et les accumulateurs de pression secondaires (129) sont chargés à environ 150 bars, et dans lequel le rapport entre les superficies des surfaces d'extrémité du piston (21) du moyen multiplicateur de pression (19) est d'environ 2.
  22. Procédé de pressurisation d'objets (6) devant être traités, comprenant les étapes consistant à :
    a) fournir un système de pressurisation selon les revendications 2, 3, 5 et 6,
    b) placer les accumulateurs de pression primaires (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e), qui sont maintenus à une première pression (P1), en communication de fluide avec la chambre (8) du dispositif de pressurisation (2), au moyen du premier circuit hydraulique, jusqu'à ce qu'un équilibre soit atteint,
    c) placer les accumulateurs de pression primaires (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e), qui sont maintenus à une première pression (P1), en communication de fluide avec la chambre (8) dudit dispositif de pressurisation (2), au moyen du deuxième circuit hydraulique, jusqu'à ce que la deuxième pression (P2) supérieure à la première pression (P1) soit atteinte,
    d) maintenir la deuxième pression (P2) dans la chambre (8) dudit dispositif de pressurisation (2) pendant une durée prédéterminée, ou provoquer une série de décompressions partielles jusqu'à une troisième pression (P3) entre les première et deuxième pressions (P1, P2) et des compressions jusqu'à la deuxième pression (P2),
    e) ramener la pression dans la chambre (8) dudit dispositif de pressurisation (2) jusqu'à la première pression (P1) par fermeture du moyen de vanne de pressurisation indirecte (18) et ouverture du moyen de vanne de pressurisation directe (11) afin de récupérer une énergie potentielle sous la forme de gaz comprimé dans les accumulateurs de pression primaires (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e),
    f) ramener la pression dans la chambre (8) dudit dispositif de pressurisation (2) jusqu'à la pression atmosphérique par décharge du fluide sensiblement incompressible vers le réservoir (13).
  23. Procédé selon la revendication 22, dans lequel la première pression (P1) est d'environ 300 bars, la deuxième pression (P2) est d'environ 600 bars, et la troisième pression (P3) est d'environ 500 bars.
  24. Procédé selon la revendication 22 ou la revendication 23, dans lequel les étapes b) à f) sont réalisées en une durée comprise entre 10 secondes et 20 secondes.
EP01925868A 2001-04-06 2001-04-06 Systeme de pressurisation hydraulique Expired - Lifetime EP1373737B1 (fr)

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US20040168436A1 (en) 2004-09-02
WO2002086326A1 (fr) 2002-10-31
US7107766B2 (en) 2006-09-19
EP1373737A1 (fr) 2004-01-02
DE60105656D1 (de) 2004-10-21

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