EP1373653B1 - Junction between wooden construction elements - Google Patents

Junction between wooden construction elements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1373653B1
EP1373653B1 EP02704047.6A EP02704047A EP1373653B1 EP 1373653 B1 EP1373653 B1 EP 1373653B1 EP 02704047 A EP02704047 A EP 02704047A EP 1373653 B1 EP1373653 B1 EP 1373653B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glued
junction
tension
construction elements
clamping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02704047.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1373653A1 (en
Inventor
Greger Lindgren
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Martinson Group AB
Original Assignee
Martinson Group AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Martinson Group AB filed Critical Martinson Group AB
Publication of EP1373653A1 publication Critical patent/EP1373653A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1373653B1 publication Critical patent/EP1373653B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D1/00—Bridges in general
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/16—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with apertured web, e.g. trusses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
    • E01D2101/10—Wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/264—Glued connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/2644—Brackets, gussets or joining plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
    • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/2672—Connections specially adapted therefor for members formed from a number of parallel sections

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a junction between wooden construction elements as described in the preamble to claim 1.
  • Gluing is presently avoided when joining principally large-dimension wooden construction elements (e.g. beams, glulam beams, etc) where joining parts of the construction element exhibit varying direction of grain, i.e. where the grain is not parallel. This is the case e.g. when joining wooden construction elements in relatively heavy structures such as bridges, roof trusses and others. Present joining methods are essentially nail plates, mortise plates, toothed plates, etc.
  • Glued joints which are an efficient method of making a load carrying joint in favourable conditions, are avoided as changes in the material due to external circumstances can cause stress in the glued joint, e.g. through cupping or widening, which considerably impairs the strength of the glued joint between surfaces exhibiting different grain directions.
  • the object of the present invention is to alleviate or overcome the shortcomings that are present in known techniques and to achieve a junction when gluing wooden construction elements where the surfaces in the glued joint exhibit different directions of grain.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates schematically a first embodiment of the present invention in two views.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention in two views.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a third embodiment of the present invention in two views.
  • a first embodiment is illustrated where a glued joint according to the present invention is used for erecting a wooden roof truss.
  • the construction elements are wooden beams, two horizontal 1 and one inclined 2. These are glulam beams, the junction between which will exhibit differing directions of grain when assembled to a roof truss.
  • GB-A-2 038 393 discloses a junction between wooden construction elements where the component construction elements (chords and struts) exhibit different directions of grain and where the construction elements relative contact surfaces are glued together to form a glued joint.
  • a relatively thin plate configured connecting element is provided at each juncture in the center in longitudinal support direction.
  • the plate-shaped connecting element may be glued and/or nailed to the chords and the struts with or without a connection of the struts by tenons.
  • a pressure is applied from the outside to the juncture and is maintained only until the connecting members have been nailed or the glue has been completely set.
  • SE-C-45846 discloses a junction between wooden construction elements having straight or arched form and wherein the construction elements exhibits different directions of grain. The joint is not a glued joint.
  • the contact surfaces of the wooden beams 1, 2 are glued together and the glued joints 3 are pre-tensioned in a direction acting orthogonally to the plane of the glued joint to reduce or prevent deformation of the elements that will cause stress in the glued joint.
  • This pre-tensioning can be achieved with a suitable means of clamping, here with screwed joints 4 containing through bolts, washers and nuts, evenly distributing the force of application over the glued surface.
  • One example of pre-tension that has proved to be advantageous in this embodiment corresponds to approx. 1 MPa on the effective glued surface.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention that may well be chosen for exceptionally high loads.
  • the difference is that in this case the construction elements 1,2 included in the glued joint as such have also been pre-tensioned.
  • the supplementary pre-tension is directed parallel to the glued joint 3 and transversely to the length of the wooden beams 1, 2 respectively. This pre-tension can be achieved using a suitable means of clamping such as bolts and above all through bolts 5.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates an alternative third embodiment where two elements 1 and 2 of even thickness are joined by first arranging one of them 2 with its end cut to the desired angle resting on the other 1 and with pieces of wood in the form of short lengths of beam or wooden board 6 arranged to sandwich the evenly thick elements 1 and 2.
  • Pieces of wood 6 are consequently arranged extending over opposite sides of the element joint and are each glued to both elements 1 and 2.
  • elements 1 and 2 shall be in full physical contact with each other.
  • the wood pieces 6 are pre-tensioned to the elements with suitable means of clamping such as bolts acting orthogonally to the parallel planes of the glued joints in order to reduce or prevent cupping and other geometrical changes in the elements included in the junction.
  • This pre-tension can be achieved using a suitable means of clamping, here 4 bolts distributed over the glued surface to provide an even distribution of the application force.
  • Pre-tension in this embodiment can attain the equivalent of approximately 1 MPa on the effective glued surface.
  • the aforesaid wooden construction elements can be sawn directly from stock or comprise joined items such as glulam beams.
  • the invention is not limited to the exhibited examples of usage in roof trusses but has other applications also for other structures where large-dimension wooden elements are to be joined.

Description

  • The present invention concerns a junction between wooden construction elements as described in the preamble to claim 1.
  • Gluing is presently avoided when joining principally large-dimension wooden construction elements (e.g. beams, glulam beams, etc) where joining parts of the construction element exhibit varying direction of grain, i.e. where the grain is not parallel. This is the case e.g. when joining wooden construction elements in relatively heavy structures such as bridges, roof trusses and others. Present joining methods are essentially nail plates, mortise plates, toothed plates, etc.
  • Glued joints, which are an efficient method of making a load carrying joint in favourable conditions, are avoided as changes in the material due to external circumstances can cause stress in the glued joint, e.g. through cupping or widening, which considerably impairs the strength of the glued joint between surfaces exhibiting different grain directions.
  • The object of the present invention is to alleviate or overcome the shortcomings that are present in known techniques and to achieve a junction when gluing wooden construction elements where the surfaces in the glued joint exhibit different directions of grain.
  • This object can be attained with the employment of the aforesaid arrangement, which exhibits the unique features defined in the characteristics section of claim 1.
  • Other distinctive features and advantages with the invention and its embodiments will be evident in the dependent patent claims and the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention.
  • Special expressions and designations of component parts have been used in the following detailed description for reasons of clarity of the embodiments. These expressions and designations shall consequently not be interpreted as limitations for the scope of protection of the invention but as examples within it.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates schematically a first embodiment of the present invention in two views. Fig. 2 illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention in two views. Fig. 3 illustrates a third embodiment of the present invention in two views.
  • Referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment is illustrated where a glued joint according to the present invention is used for erecting a wooden roof truss. The construction elements are wooden beams, two horizontal 1 and one inclined 2. These are glulam beams, the junction between which will exhibit differing directions of grain when assembled to a roof truss. GB-A-2 038 393 discloses a junction between wooden construction elements where the component construction elements (chords and struts) exhibit different directions of grain and where the construction elements relative contact surfaces are glued together to form a glued joint. A relatively thin plate configured connecting element is provided at each juncture in the center in longitudinal support direction. The plate-shaped connecting element may be glued and/or nailed to the chords and the struts with or without a connection of the struts by tenons. A pressure is applied from the outside to the juncture and is maintained only until the connecting members have been nailed or the glue has been completely set. SE-C-45846 discloses a junction between wooden construction elements having straight or arched form and wherein the construction elements exhibits different directions of grain. The joint is not a glued joint.
  • The contact surfaces of the wooden beams 1, 2 are glued together and the glued joints 3 are pre-tensioned in a direction acting orthogonally to the plane of the glued joint to reduce or prevent deformation of the elements that will cause stress in the glued joint. This pre-tensioning can be achieved with a suitable means of clamping, here with screwed joints 4 containing through bolts, washers and nuts, evenly distributing the force of application over the glued surface. One example of pre-tension that has proved to be advantageous in this embodiment corresponds to approx. 1 MPa on the effective glued surface.
  • Fig. 2, illustrates a second embodiment of the present invention that may well be chosen for exceptionally high loads. The difference is that in this case the construction elements 1,2 included in the glued joint as such have also been pre-tensioned. The supplementary pre-tension is directed parallel to the glued joint 3 and transversely to the length of the wooden beams 1, 2 respectively. This pre-tension can be achieved using a suitable means of clamping such as bolts and above all through bolts 5.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates an alternative third embodiment where two elements 1 and 2 of even thickness are joined by first arranging one of them 2 with its end cut to the desired angle resting on the other 1 and with pieces of wood in the form of short lengths of beam or wooden board 6 arranged to sandwich the evenly thick elements 1 and 2.
  • These pieces of wood 6 are consequently arranged extending over opposite sides of the element joint and are each glued to both elements 1 and 2. For maximum bearing capacity, elements 1 and 2 shall be in full physical contact with each other. The wood pieces 6 are pre-tensioned to the elements with suitable means of clamping such as bolts acting orthogonally to the parallel planes of the glued joints in order to reduce or prevent cupping and other geometrical changes in the elements included in the junction.
  • This pre-tension can be achieved using a suitable means of clamping, here 4 bolts distributed over the glued surface to provide an even distribution of the application force. Pre-tension in this embodiment can attain the equivalent of approximately 1 MPa on the effective glued surface.
  • It is implied that the aforesaid wooden construction elements can be sawn directly from stock or comprise joined items such as glulam beams. Furthermore, the invention is not limited to the exhibited examples of usage in roof trusses but has other applications also for other structures where large-dimension wooden elements are to be joined.

Claims (8)

  1. Junction between wooden construction elements where the component construction elements (1, 2) exhibit different directions of grain and where the construction elements' relative contact surfaces (3) are glued together to form a glued joint, characteri sed in that the glued joint (3) is pre-tensioned by means of clamping (4) applying a pre-tension acting in a direction orthogonally to the plane of the glued joint in order to reduce or prevent damp-related deformation of the elements that cause impairment of the stress structure in the glued joint.
  2. Junction according to claim 1, characterised in that ameans of clamping (4) is arranged to evenly distribute an applied force over the surface of the glued joint (3).
  3. Junction according to claim 2, characterised in that means of clamping (4) is a screw union (4).
  4. Junction according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that the applied pre-tension corresponds to a pressure of approximately 1 MPa on the effective glued surface.
  5. Junction according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that a second pre-tension is applied to each of the construction elements in the junction (3) and that this said second pre-tension is directed parallel to the glued joint (3) and transversely to the length of the respective of the construction element.
  6. Junction according to claim 5, characterised in that the second pre-tension is applied to the respective construction element by a means of clamping (4).
  7. Junction according to claim 6, characterised in that the second means of clamping is a screw union (5).
  8. Junction according to any one of the previous claims, characterised in that the applied second pre-tension corresponds to a pressure of approximately 1 MPa on the effective glued surfaces.
EP02704047.6A 2001-03-26 2002-03-15 Junction between wooden construction elements Expired - Lifetime EP1373653B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0101059 2001-03-26
SE0101059A SE518698C2 (en) 2001-03-26 2001-03-26 Nodes between structural elements of wood
PCT/SE2002/000495 WO2002077385A1 (en) 2001-03-26 2002-03-15 Junction between wooden construction elements

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1373653A1 EP1373653A1 (en) 2004-01-02
EP1373653B1 true EP1373653B1 (en) 2013-06-19

Family

ID=20283529

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02704047.6A Expired - Lifetime EP1373653B1 (en) 2001-03-26 2002-03-15 Junction between wooden construction elements

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1373653B1 (en)
DK (1) DK1373653T3 (en)
NO (1) NO319010B1 (en)
SE (1) SE518698C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2002077385A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE537689C2 (en) * 2013-12-12 2015-09-29 Martinson Group Ab Central junction between wooden structural elements and trusses

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE45846C1 (en)
GB2038393B (en) 1978-12-29 1983-04-13 Baveg Wooden lattice beam
JPH11336192A (en) * 1998-05-26 1999-12-07 Kiyotada Miyai Junction method for wooden framework, and connector thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0101059D0 (en) 2001-03-26
NO20034287D0 (en) 2003-09-25
DK1373653T3 (en) 2013-09-16
SE518698C2 (en) 2002-11-05
WO2002077385A1 (en) 2002-10-03
NO20034287L (en) 2003-11-25
NO319010B1 (en) 2005-06-06
SE0101059L (en) 2002-09-27
EP1373653A1 (en) 2004-01-02

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