EP1373538A2 - Procede de fermentation de biomasse - Google Patents

Procede de fermentation de biomasse

Info

Publication number
EP1373538A2
EP1373538A2 EP02730040A EP02730040A EP1373538A2 EP 1373538 A2 EP1373538 A2 EP 1373538A2 EP 02730040 A EP02730040 A EP 02730040A EP 02730040 A EP02730040 A EP 02730040A EP 1373538 A2 EP1373538 A2 EP 1373538A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
biomass
methanobacter
fermenter
fermentation
anaerobic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02730040A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Kremb
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Friedrich Karl Heinz
Original Assignee
Friedrich Karl Heinz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Friedrich Karl Heinz filed Critical Friedrich Karl Heinz
Publication of EP1373538A2 publication Critical patent/EP1373538A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
    • C12P5/023—Methane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the fermentation of, in particular, intermittent biomass to form biogas that can be used in engines.
  • the material which may have been comminuted, is first broken down aerobically by ubiquitous or cultured bacteria by splitting the organic substance into short-chain molecules such as alcohol and acids, etc., after which the anaerobic fermentation by acetic acid and methanobacter begins, which results in the formation of Acetic acid ultimately leads to C0 2 and methane (Schlegel, Fischer “Allyere Mikrobiologie", Springerverlag,).
  • DE 199 46 299 A1 relates to the joint fermentation of biowaste containing carbohydrate, fat and protein, cellulose-rich biowaste, digested sludge from sewage treatment plants as well as paper sludge and whey.
  • Hygiene at 70 ° C should be carried out with a slow increase in pH in order to then fermenting aerobically and anaerobically.
  • whey and paper sludge are added first, followed by treatment with sewage sludge.
  • the present invention is based on the object of processing seasonal and thus intermittent biomass in a manner which is more advantageous than the prior art. All contaminations should be avoided so that the rest (sludge) can be disposed of without further ado, but at the same time it should be possible to produce high-quality biogas (CH 4 ) as continuously as possible, which contains at least 50% by volume of methane, in order to make engines to be able to operate, for example in cogeneration, since at about 46 vol% gas engines no longer run. There are no indications of the solution to this problem from the prior art.
  • CH 4 high-quality biogas
  • the aerobically fermented biomass is rendered inert batchwise, ie protected against attack by methanobacter and vinegar bacteria, so that it can be temporarily stored without problems and also batch-wise treated anaerobically.
  • This inerting takes place by raising the pH and / or by partial drainage, since methanobacter bacilli and vinegar bacteria cannot be active when the residual water content is below about 10%.
  • increasing the pH to values above about 6.5 leads to an environment which is harmful to Methanobacter.
  • Anaerobic fermentation requires a pH of between 6.8 and 7.2.
  • the second measure essential to the invention therefore consists in producing and storing bacterial populations from acetic acid bacteria and Methanobacter in nutrient solution in a separate fermenter. If, after inerting, a suitable portion is activated by adjusting the pH to about 6.8 to 7.2 and adding Methanobacter and possibly water, mixing with the separately generated bacterial population nutrient solution immediately starts the fermentation, whereby this also runs significantly faster due to the precisely adjustable amount of bacteria.
  • the inerting can of course also be ramped up to the mentioned range from pH 6.8 to 7.2 in order to temporarily store the mass, at least briefly, as well as values of 7.2, whereby then for the anaerobic fermentation a pH reduction in the range required for the Methanobacter activity must be carried out.
  • Another advantage is that not only the amount of bacteria can be adapted to the needs of the material in the anaerobic fermenter, such as grape pomace, grass, leaves, etc., but that the Methanobacter specialize in the material to be processed in the separate fermenter before addition can. This happens so that one The water can of course be added by the nutrient solution itself.
  • the treatment with Aceto and Methanobacter can basically be carried out in the same digestion tower in which the aerobic fermentation takes place.
  • a third reactor is preferred so that the digestion tower becomes free for a new batch of biomass.
  • the cultivation fermenter naturally occurring and / or genetically engineered Methanobacter species are propagated. This is done in an oxygen-free nutrient solution, which is added to the biomass.
  • intermittent biomass such as autumn leaves, fruit or grape pomace, etc. can be worked off, with large amounts being pre-fermented and then rendered inert in order to work up this mass in batches, which of course can also be mixed with continuously accumulating substances.
  • the inertized biomass in several reactors (digestion towers) one after the other, the number and / or size of the digestion towers being matched to the amount of output from the first fermenter. It is also possible to cascade these digestion towers one after the other, with the biomass becoming pumpable in the first part of the cascade by adding the nutrient solution.
  • the residence time of the starting material in the aerobic fermenter is 12 to 36, typically 24 hours, whereas the anaerobic fermentation requires 12 to 24, especially 18 days.
  • a larger, comminuted amount of biomass is kept in a pulp collecting basin 1. Here it is already undergoing aerobic fermentation due to ubiquitous bacteria. From this pomace collecting basin, this mass reaches a first fermenter 2 equipped with a stirrer 4 and is aerobically hydrolyzed here with the aid of bacteria added from a storage container 3. This produces gases (O2; C0 2 ; H 2 ) and alcohols as well as acids and aldehydes. This takes about four days.
  • the product is rendered inert by removing water (evaporation) and / or by increasing the pH (lyes), ie rendered insensitive to the attack by Aceto or Methanobacter.
  • the remaining amount of water is ⁇ about 20%, the pH> 7.2.
  • This inertized biomass is brought to an intermediate storage facility 11 and from there processed in batches in one or more digestion towers (5). For this purpose, the mass is mashed again with water or the pH is adjusted to 6.8 - 7.2.
  • a nutrient solution for Methanobacter and Acetobacter is kept in a second fermenter (6). Crushed (cattle) rumen containing these bacteria is preferably used.
  • Bacteria specialized in the substrate are also kept here and with particular effectiveness, which are obtained by breeding or genetically engineered.
  • the bacterial solution is precisely matched to the amount and the type of material presented in the digestion tower, so that the dwell time in the digestion tower is kept short by the rapid start of the reaction. For example, it is a little over 15 days and is roughly four times as long as aerobic fermentation, but is up to 30% shorter than in the prior art.
  • Raw gas is withdrawn from the digester tower (5) via line (8) and passed through a filter (9), where C0 2 and N 2 are separated.
  • Fine gas with a purity of over 98% reaches the natural gas network via the line (10) and a meter (11) or a gas engine with heat utilization (7) with a connected generator (with meter) and from here into the power network.

Landscapes

  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fermentation de biomasse dans des fermenteurs, selon lequel la biomasse est homogénéisée dans une première étape, est placée dans un fermenteur et hydrolysée de manière aérobie ou est déflegmée jusqu'à obtention d'une teneur solide d'approximativement 20 % et est ensuite inertisée par augmentation du pH. Parallèlement, la quantité et la population voulues de bactéries anaérobies sont mises en culture de manière séparée dans un deuxième fermenteur anaérobie, afin de transformer la biomasse inertisée directement en produit de fermentation anaérobie.
EP02730040A 2001-03-30 2002-03-21 Procede de fermentation de biomasse Withdrawn EP1373538A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10116144 2001-03-30
DE10116144A DE10116144A1 (de) 2001-03-30 2001-03-30 Verfahren zum Vergären von Biomasse
PCT/EP2002/003168 WO2002079484A2 (fr) 2001-03-30 2002-03-21 Procede de fermentation de biomasse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1373538A2 true EP1373538A2 (fr) 2004-01-02

Family

ID=7679931

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02730040A Withdrawn EP1373538A2 (fr) 2001-03-30 2002-03-21 Procede de fermentation de biomasse

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1373538A2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2002302453A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10116144A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002079484A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009051588A1 (de) * 2009-10-20 2011-04-21 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Algenkulturverfahren
CZ305839B6 (cs) * 2010-12-09 2016-04-06 Technická univerzita v Liberci Způsob přípravy biologicky aktivního roztoku pro diskontinuální proces suché fermentace biomasy
GB2527317B (en) * 2014-06-17 2020-12-02 Nch Corp Microbial fermentation system for growing and discharging a biological material

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55142594A (en) * 1979-04-24 1980-11-07 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Anaerobic digesting method
US5161233A (en) * 1988-05-17 1992-11-03 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Method for recording and reproducing information, apparatus therefor and recording medium
DE3840517A1 (de) * 1988-12-01 1990-06-07 Hoefer Erika Verfahren und vorrichtung zur energieerzeugung aus biomasse
DE19805045A1 (de) * 1998-02-09 1999-08-12 Manfred Prof Dr Hoffmann Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Methanisierung von Biomassen
DE19928663A1 (de) * 1999-06-23 2000-12-28 Beg Bioenergie Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von strukturfreien oder strukturarmen Bioabfällen
DE19946299C2 (de) * 1999-09-28 2001-03-29 Mostofizadeh Ghalamfarsa S M C Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur gemeinsamen Vergärung von kohlenhydrat-, fett- und eiweisshaltigen Bioabfällen, cellulosereichen Bioabfällen, Faulschlamm aus Kläranlagen sowie Papierschlamm und Molke

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO02079484A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2002079484A2 (fr) 2002-10-10
AU2002302453A1 (en) 2002-10-15
WO2002079484A3 (fr) 2003-04-17
DE10116144A1 (de) 2002-10-17

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