EP1371833A1 - Brennkraftmaschine mit zumindest zwei Einklasskanälen pro Zylinder und asymmetrische Auslassventilerhebungskurve - Google Patents
Brennkraftmaschine mit zumindest zwei Einklasskanälen pro Zylinder und asymmetrische Auslassventilerhebungskurve Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1371833A1 EP1371833A1 EP03450100A EP03450100A EP1371833A1 EP 1371833 A1 EP1371833 A1 EP 1371833A1 EP 03450100 A EP03450100 A EP 03450100A EP 03450100 A EP03450100 A EP 03450100A EP 1371833 A1 EP1371833 A1 EP 1371833A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust valve
- valve lift
- exhaust
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
- F01L1/267—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder with means for varying the timing or the lift of the valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
- F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
- F01L1/0532—Camshafts overhead type the cams being directly in contact with the driven valve
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/08—Shape of cams
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
- F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
- F01L2001/0537—Double overhead camshafts [DOHC]
Definitions
- the invention relates to an internal combustion engine with at least two inlet channels per cylinder, which are controlled by an intake valve each, and at least one outlet channel controlled by at least one outlet valve Cylinder, wherein preferably one of the two inlet channels can be switched off, and the control times of the intake and exhaust valves at least in the partial load range with respect to a basic setting, preferably synchronously adjustable late are.
- AT 3.134 U1 and AT 4,786 U1 describe methods for operating spark-ignition four-stroke internal combustion engines with at least one inlet valve and known at least one exhaust valve per cylinder, which provides that at part load both the intake control time and the exhaust control time by a crankshaft angle of 30 to 100 ° is shifted late.
- the synchronous postponement of intake and exhaust timing avoided getting close to top dead center in the early intake phase Vacuum causing loss of charge sets when the intake timing is adjusted after late.
- the delayed Closing the exhaust valves internal exhaust gas recirculation in the cylinder chamber achieve.
- the late shift in the exhaust timing is essentially due to the valve clearance of the exhaust valve with respect to the piston at top dead center limited.
- the object of the invention is in an internal combustion engine of the aforementioned To enable a further reduction in fuel consumption,
- the exhaust valve lift curve is asymmetrical, the closing flank being flatter than that Opening flank is formed. Due to the asymmetrical design of the exhaust valve lift curve and the flat closing flank accordingly asymmetrical exhaust cam shape can meet the requirements of the Valve clearance can be significantly reduced. On the other hand, the flat Closing edge a significantly higher late adjustment of the timing of the exhaust valve. Compared to a symmetrical reference exhaust valve lift curve In this way, the exhaust cut-off can be made if the exhaust control time is delayed about 10 ° later, which results in a relatively high fuel reduction between 1% and 3%. This fuel cut arises especially in combination with the parallel inlet and Late exhaust timing adjustment at part load and one of the shutdowns two inlet channels.
- the opening flank of the Exhaust valve lift curve is largely the same, at least in the initial area is the same with a symmetrical reference exhaust valve lift curve Opening period. It is preferably provided that the maximum exhaust valve lift the asymmetrical exhaust valve lift curve is less than the maximum exhaust valve lift of the symmetrical reference exhaust valve lift curve. Due to the lower maximum exhaust valve lift of the Asymmetric exhaust valve lift curve becomes - given larger Valve clearance - the surface pressure of the asymmetrical outlet cam, for example same as the surface pressure of the symmetrical reference exhaust cam.
- the intake and exhaust timing can be delayed if the ratio of maximum valve lift of the asymmetrical exhaust valve lift curve for maximum valve lift of the symmetrical reference exhaust valve lift curve is a maximum of 9:10, preferably a maximum of 8: 9.
- valve lift H is plotted over the crank position KW in the degree crank angle for intake valves 7, 8 and exhaust valves 13, 14, in each case for full-load operation and part-load operation.
- Reference symbol ET denotes the valve lift H of the intake valves 7, 8 at partial load
- Ev the valve lift H of the intake valves 7, 8 at full load.
- the valve stroke H of the exhaust valves 13, 14 for partial load and for full load is designated v A with T or A.
- the outlet elevation curve A is asymmetrical, the closing flank f s being flatter than the opening flank f o .
- the reference exhaust valve lift curve A ' has approximately the same maximum valve lift H m' as the intake valve lift curve E.
- the maximum valve lift H m 'of the reference exhaust cam can also be smaller or larger than the maximum lift of the intake cam.
- the opening duration edge f o of the asymmetrical exhaust valve elevation curve A is predominantly the same as the opening edge f o 'of the symmetrical reference exhaust valve elevation curve A'.
- the maximum exhaust valve lift H m of the asymmetrical exhaust valve lift curve A is smaller than the maximum exhaust valve lift H m of the reference exhaust valve lift curve A ', the ratio H m / H m' advantageously being less than 0.9.
- the asymmetrical outlet cam has approximately the same surface pressure as the symmetrical reference outlet cam.
- the asymmetrical exhaust valve lift curve A enables a larger valve clearance V f at top dead center OTW of the gas exchange in the partial load range. This has an advantageous effect on the design of the combustion chamber and thus on the combustion process.
- the control times of the intake and exhaust valves 7, 8; 13, 14 can be adjusted by about 10 ° crank angle KW more late than with a symmetrically designed exhaust valve lift curve A '.
- This greater late adjustment of the control times in the partial load range results in an improvement in fuel consumption of between approximately 1% and 3%.
- the asymmetrical exhaust valve lift curve A is represented by an asymmetrical Shape of the outlet cam 1 realized, which is schematic in Fig. 2 in section is shown.
- the asymmetrical exhaust valve lift is for everyone cam-operated valve drives (bucket tappets, rocker arms, rocker arms or the like) usable.
- Fig. 3 shows the inlet channels 2, 3 and the outlet channel 4 of an inventive Internal combustion engine 5 in a plan view.
- the internal combustion engine 5 has at least one cylinder 6 with two intake valves 7, 8, with the intake valve 7 the first inlet channel 2 and to the inlet valve 8 the second inlet channel 3 leads.
- First and second inlet channels 2, 3 open out via inlet openings 2a, 3a, which are controllable via the inlet valves 7, 8 in one combustion chamber shown further.
- the first inlet duct 2 is an unthrottled one Tangential channel designed to create a swirl flow around the cylinder axis in the combustion chamber 9 to generate.
- a reference number 10 indicated spark plug arranged.
- With reference numerals 11 and 12 outlet openings which lead to the outlet duct 4 are designated.
- the outlet openings 11, 12 are controlled via exhaust valves 13, 14.
- An injection valve 16 is arranged in the second inlet duct 3 and is connected via a defined opening 17 in the channel partition 15 fuel 18, 19 in the injects the first inlet duct 2 and the second inlet duct 3.
- a throttle device 20 is arranged, which as a slide or can be designed as a flap. Leakage openings are shown in FIG the throttle device 20 indicated. In the closed state of the throttle device 20 becomes a defined minimum flow through the second inlet channel 3 enables. This creates in the area of the confluence of the fuel 19 into the second inlet duct 3, a flow which prevents the Injection jet is pressed against the outer wall of the inlet duct 3.
- the inlet flows into the combustion chamber are designated by reference numerals 22 and 23.
- the inlet valves 7, 8 and outlet valves 13, 14 are actuated either via a common camshaft or via an intake camshaft 24 and an exhaust camshaft 25 coupled to each other as in FIG. 4 is shown.
- intake camshaft 24 and exhaust camshaft 25 via a gear transmission 26 with two of the same size Coupled gears 27, 28, wherein the intake camshaft 24 is not one further illustrated timing belt is driven by the crankshaft.
- phase adjuster 29 is arranged with which a relative rotation of the intake camshaft 24 and thus also the exhaust camshaft 25 with respect to the Crankshaft can be effected.
- Reference numerals 30 designate intake cams.
- the control times of the intake and exhaust valves are on the one hand in the partial load range 7, 8, 13, 14 around a crank angle range of approximately 30 ° to 100 °, advantageously from about 40 ° to 80 °, postponed. Since intake and exhaust tax time postponed synchronously, it is avoided that in the earlier intake phase near top dead center OTW of the gas exchange an underpressure causing loss of charge sets when the intake timing is adjusted after late. At the same time, the delayed Closing the exhaust valves 13, 14 an internal exhaust gas recirculation in the Achieve cylinder space. By postponing the intake tax time too much air is expelled. Through these measures significant dethrottling can be achieved.
- the throttle device 21 in the second inlet duct 3 is closed, whereby a significant swirl flow through the first inlet duct 2 is initiated in the combustion chamber becomes.
- This swirl flow prevents part of the fuel from going through the late closing point of the inlet valves 7, 8 back into the inlet channels 2, 3 is pushed back.
- the combination of the measures mentioned-synchronous Late adjustment of the timing of the intake and exhaust valves 7, 8, 13, 14, asymmetrical exhaust valve curve shape A and throttling of the second inlet duct 3 - causes a substantial reduction in throttle losses and thus a significant reduction in fuel consumption in the partial load range.
- each of the two camshafts 24, 25 can also be used individually, thus asynchronously, can be adjusted late by one phase adjuster 29, as indicated in Fig. 5. It can be provided that at partial load maximum possible late adjustment of the intake camshaft 24 with an even smaller one Valve overlap, the exhaust camshaft 25 moved late becomes.
- the operating strategy is such that the intake camshaft 24 is a fair one has a long opening time and therefore practically after the idling phase is late.
- the exhaust camshaft 25 is taking into account the Residual gas compatibility is also set after "late". At about 2 bar medium pressure there are approximately the same control times as with synchronous late adjustment both camshafts 24, 25.
- This variant can also be used an asymmetrical exhaust cam shape a larger valve clearance or a greater late adjustment of the exhaust timing can be achieved.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- ein Ventilhubdiagramm der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine,
- Fig. 2
- zeigt einen asymmetrischen Auslassnocken im Querschnitt,
- Fig. 3
- die Ein- und Auslasskanäle eines Zylinders der erfindungsgemäßen Brennkraftmaschine in einer Draufsicht,
- Fig. 4
- die Nockenwelle der Brennkraftmaschine gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsvariante und
- Fig. 5
- die Nockenwelle der Brennkraftmaschine gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante.
Claims (4)
- Brennkraftmaschine (5) mit zumindest zwei Einlasskanälen (2, 3) pro Zylinder (6), welche durch je ein Einlassventil (7, 8) gesteuert werden, sowie zumindest einem durch mindestens ein Auslassventil (13, 14) gesteuerten Auslasskanal (4) pro Zylinder (6), wobei vorzugsweise einer der beiden Einlasskanäle (7, 8) abschaltbar ist, und wobei die Steuerzeiten der Einund Auslassventile (7, 8; 13, 14) zumindest im Teillastbetrieb bezüglich einer Basiseinstellung vorzugsweise synchron nach spät verstellbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auslassventilerhebungskurve (A) asymmetrisch ausgebildet ist, wobei die Schließflanke (fs) flacher als die Öffnungsflanke (fo) ausgebildet ist.
- Brennkraftmaschine (5) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnungsflanke (fo) der Auslassventilerhebungskurve (A), zumindest im Anfangsbereich, überwiegend gleich ist mit einer symmetrischen Referenz-Auslassventilerhebungskurve (A') mit gleicher Öffnungsdauer.
- Brennkraftmaschine (5) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die maximale Auslassventilerhebung (Hm) der asymmetrischen Auslassventilerhebungskurve (A) kleiner ist als die maximale Auslassventilerhebung (Hm') der symmetrischen Referenz-Auslassventilerhebungskurve (A').
- Brennkraftmaschine (5) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis der maximalen Auslassventilerhebung (Hm) der asymmetrischen Auslassventilerhebungskurve (A) zur maximalen Auslassventilerhebung (Hm') der symmetrischen Auslassventilerhebungskurve (A') maximal etwa 9:10, vorzugsweise maximal 8:9 beträgt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT2002370 | 2002-06-11 | ||
| AT0037002U AT5935U1 (de) | 2002-06-11 | 2002-06-11 | Brennkraftmaschine mit zumindest zwei einlasskanälen pro zylinder |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1371833A1 true EP1371833A1 (de) | 2003-12-17 |
| EP1371833B1 EP1371833B1 (de) | 2006-01-11 |
Family
ID=3488778
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03450100A Expired - Lifetime EP1371833B1 (de) | 2002-06-11 | 2003-04-24 | Brennkraftmaschine mit zumindest zwei Einklasskanälen pro Zylinder und asymmetrische Auslassventilerhebungskurve |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1371833B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | AT5935U1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE50302183D1 (de) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU6528774A (en) * | 1974-02-06 | 1975-08-07 | Peric P | The high torque camshaft profile |
| US5494009A (en) * | 1993-02-15 | 1996-02-27 | Unisia Jecs Corporation | Valve control device for internal combustion engine |
| EP1191211A2 (de) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-03-27 | AVL List GmbH | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine |
-
2002
- 2002-06-11 AT AT0037002U patent/AT5935U1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2003
- 2003-04-24 EP EP03450100A patent/EP1371833B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-24 DE DE50302183T patent/DE50302183D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU6528774A (en) * | 1974-02-06 | 1975-08-07 | Peric P | The high torque camshaft profile |
| US5494009A (en) * | 1993-02-15 | 1996-02-27 | Unisia Jecs Corporation | Valve control device for internal combustion engine |
| EP1191211A2 (de) * | 2000-09-21 | 2002-03-27 | AVL List GmbH | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE50302183D1 (de) | 2006-04-06 |
| AT5935U1 (de) | 2003-01-27 |
| EP1371833B1 (de) | 2006-01-11 |
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