EP1367318A1 - Signal light comprising an optical element for autonomously performing a signal function - Google Patents

Signal light comprising an optical element for autonomously performing a signal function Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1367318A1
EP1367318A1 EP03291049A EP03291049A EP1367318A1 EP 1367318 A1 EP1367318 A1 EP 1367318A1 EP 03291049 A EP03291049 A EP 03291049A EP 03291049 A EP03291049 A EP 03291049A EP 1367318 A1 EP1367318 A1 EP 1367318A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
signaling
optical axis
source
reflection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03291049A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1367318B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Aynie
Norbert Brun
Benoist Fleury
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Vision SAS
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Vision SAS filed Critical Valeo Vision SAS
Publication of EP1367318A1 publication Critical patent/EP1367318A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1367318B1 publication Critical patent/EP1367318B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235—Light guides
    • F21S43/247—Light guides with a single light source being coupled into the light guide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235—Light guides
    • F21S43/236—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide
    • F21S43/239—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide plate-shaped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235—Light guides
    • F21S43/242—Light guides characterised by the emission area
    • F21S43/245—Light guides characterised by the emission area emitting light from one or more of its major surfaces

Definitions

  • the invention proposes a signaling light in particular for a motor vehicle.
  • the invention more particularly provides a signaling, in particular for a motor vehicle, of the type having a central optical axis oriented from rear to front, according to the direction of propagation of the light beam emitted by the fire, a generally point light source arranged on this optical axis, and a solid optical part, at least in part of revolution around the optical axis, which is carried out in a transparent material with a higher refractive index than air, of the type in which the optical part has a surface of entry, and a generally transverse exit surface which is designed to transmit light rays forward, in a direction generally parallel to the optical axis, e so as to perform a specific signaling function.
  • This type of traffic light generally requires a substantially parabolic reflector, arranged axially at the back of the optical part to collect the light rays emitted by the light source and to focus them on the surface of the optical part.
  • the structure of the parabolic reflector limits the front opening of the traffic light, i.e. the area of the outlet surface.
  • the small axial thickness of the light therefore implies a small exit surface, so that the luminance of the fire by area unit is important.
  • signal lights of known types are not suitable for the use of a small light source dimension, such as a light emitting diode, which emits its luminous flux in a solid angle of determined value, less than one hundred and eighty degrees.
  • the sources luminaires conventionally used in signaling lights are filament lamps, which emit light overall in all directions from the filament.
  • the invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks, by offering a traffic light which may have a low axial thickness, while having sufficient outlet surface to perform the signaling function, and which is adapted to the use of a light source such as a diode emitting.
  • the invention also aims to minimize the number of parts necessary to perform the signaling function, and to minimize manufacturing costs.
  • the invention proposes a signaling light for the type described above, characterized in that the optical part has a generally transverse reflection surface which is arranged axially opposite the outlet surface, and that the entry surface is arranged axially between the reflection surface and the output surface, so that the light rays which enter the optical part through the input surface are reflected by the reflection surface towards the exit surface.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a signaling 10 which is carried out in accordance with a first mode for carrying out the invention.
  • This signal light 10 comprises an optical part full 12 which serves as both a luminous flux recuperator and a light flux diffuser for a light source overall point, here consisting of a light emitting diode 14.
  • Diode 14 has been shown mounted on a circuit board. support 16, at the rear, which allows in particular its connection to a power supply network and a control unit (not shown).
  • the diodes 14 are available in several colors, it is to say that it is possible to choose the coloring of the luminous flux emitted by diode 14.
  • the color of the diode 14 according to the signaling function to be performed by example red for a fog light function, or white for a reversing light function.
  • the optical part 12 and the diode 14 are arranged coaxially along a central optical axis A-A which extends generally horizontally from left to right, in considering figure 2.
  • the diode 14 has at the rear a connection box 18 substantially cylindrical and at the front a globe of diffusion luminous 20 substantially hemispherical centered on the axis optics A-A, convex towards the front.
  • connection box 18 includes means for fixing and electrical connection (not shown) for the mounting of the diode 14 on the plate 16.
  • diode 14 is a light source point S, which emits light rays radially, generally forward, from the center S of the hemisphere forming the globe 20.
  • the center S generally corresponds to the heart of the source luminous, i.e. the point of the source from which seems to come most of the luminous flux.
  • a diode 14 is chosen whose opening is close to 180 degrees, i.e. it emits rays bright at a solid angle of 180 degrees, centered around the optical axis A-A.
  • the optical part 12 is a form of revolution around the optical axis A-A, and it is made of a material transparent with a higher refractive index than the air, which here constitutes the ambient environment surrounding the room 12.
  • the optical part 12 is produced in a single piece by molding in transparent plastic such as, for example, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
  • transparent plastic such as, for example, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
  • the optical part 12 has an entry surface 22, a reflection surface 24, and an exit surface 26.
  • the entry surface 22 here has a hemispherical shape concave, the center of which generally coincides with the center S of the light source 14.
  • the reflection surface 24 generally extends in a plane transverse to the optical axis A-A, passing through the center S of the light source 14.
  • the reflecting surface 24 has the shape of a crown centered on the optical axis A-A, which includes an annular part interior 28, optically neutral, and an annular part exterior 30.
  • the two annular parts 28, 30 are contained overall in the same transverse plane.
  • the inner annular part 28 is planar and it extends transversely outwards, from the peripheral edge 32 from the entry surface 22 to the inner peripheral edge 34 of the outer annular part 30.
  • the outer annular part 30 is formed by a series of reflective rings 36 coaxial along the optical axis A-A.
  • the outer annular part 30 is generally designed on the same principle as a stepped type lens.
  • each reflecting crown 36 is a line segment which is tilted forward and towards the axis optics A-A.
  • the reflective crowns 36 are staggered radially outwards, two reflecting rings 36 successive being separated by an optically neutral crown 38.
  • each neutral crown 38 is here a line segment that is tilted forward and outward.
  • the generating reflective crowns 36 are substantially parallel, and the length of these generators decreases gradually as one moves away from the axis A-A.
  • the acute angle which defines each generator of a neutral ring 38 with the optical axis A-A, increases gradually as one moves away from the axis A-A.
  • the reflection surface 24 is coated, on its rear face, a layer of reflective material, for example based of aluminum, so that the light rays, which are transmitted inside the optical part 12, and which reach the reflecting crowns 36, are reflected towards the surface of exit 26.
  • the reflective material can only be deposited on reflective crowns 36, since only the crowns reflective 36 are intended to reflect light rays which participate in the signaling function.
  • the exit surface 26 of the optical part 12 extends generally in a transverse plane, axially opposite the reflection surface 24.
  • the outlet surface 26 has an annular part 40 whose generator is a straight line which describes an angle inclination ⁇ , relative to the optical axis A-A, so that generally form a truncated cone, the apex of which is forward.
  • the generating the annular part 40 can be an arc of a circle, so as to form a convex spherical cap.
  • the outlet surface 26 comprises a central part 42 in convex spherical cap shape which is centered on the axis optics A-A.
  • the center C of the central part 42 is offset axially backwards from the center S of the entry surface 22.
  • the central part 42 defines, with the center S of the source light 14, a solid angle ⁇ of determined value.
  • the value of the solid angle ⁇ is determined as a function of the angle of incidence of the light rays which are emitted by the source 14 and which directly reach the outlet surface 26, after crossing the entry surface 22.
  • the value of the solid angle ⁇ must be such that the part central 42 collects all the light rays whose angle tilt, relative to the tilt angle of the generator of the annular part 40, is insufficient to allow their total backward reflection.
  • the value of the solid angle ⁇ is, for example, equal to about a hundred degrees.
  • the diameter outside of the outer annular part 30 of the surface of reflection 24 is equal to the outside diameter of the annular part 40 of the outlet surface 26.
  • the optical part 12 therefore comprises a peripheral cylindrical surface 44 which connects the surface of reflection 24 at the exit surface 26.
  • entry surface 22 is interposed axially between the reflection surface 24 and the exit surface 26.
  • the light source 14 is here arranged axially between the reflection surface 24 and the output surface 26.
  • central part 42 of the surface of outlet 26 works like a converging lens whose focus is the center S of the light source 14.
  • the light rays R2 which are emitted by the source 14, and which reach the annular part 40, directly after crossing the entry surface 22, are reflected on this annular part 40, according to the principle of total reflection, towards the reflecting crowns 36 of the annular part outside 30 of the reflection surface 24.
  • R2 rays are reflected on the crowns reflective 36 and they are returned to the annular part 40 of the outlet surface 26.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ of the generator of the part annular 40 is chosen so that, after reflecting on reflective rings 36, light rays R2 pass through the annular part 40 while refracting towards the front, in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis A-A.
  • the crowns 38 of the outer annular part 30 of the reflection surface 24 are optically neutral, i.e. that they have no optical function, because they cannot be reached by the R2 light rays reflected on the part annular 40 of the outlet surface 26.
  • the diameter of the peripheral edge 34 of the annular part exterior 30 is determined globally by the point of impact, on the reflection surface 24, of the nearest light ray R2p of the solid angle ⁇ . Indeed, the more a light ray R2 is close to the solid angle ⁇ , the greater the impact point on the surface reflection 24 is close to the optical axis A-A.
  • the inner annular part 28 of the surface of reflection 24 does not receive the light rays R2 which are reflect on the annular part 40 of the outlet surface 26. It is therefore optically neutral
  • the transverse dimension of the central part 42 of the outlet area 26 is mainly determined by the axial depth of the optical part 12, since this value is related to the value of the solid angle ⁇ which is fixed.
  • a small axial depth of the optical part 12 so that the area of the central part 42 of the outlet surface 26 is much less than the area of the part annular 40.
  • the annular part 40 occupies for example eighty percent of outlet surface 26.
  • the invention makes it possible, for example, to produce a signaling 10 whose axial depth is less than thirty millimeters, for a front opening, i.e. for a overall dimensions at the exit of the light 10, at least eighty millimeters.
  • each reflecting crown 36 is faceted, that is to say that it comprises a series of facets of elementary reflections (not shown), which are for example circumferentially adjacent to each other.
  • Each facet is provided to spatially distribute the light rays forward so that the traffic light 10 forms at the front a lighting beam performing a function of regulatory signage chosen.
  • each facet has an optimized profile to achieve at the front of the traffic light 10, on a measurement screen, an image generally in the form of diamond.
  • the diamond is not regular. It must have a height, along a vertical axis, less than its width, along an axis horizontal. So the profile of each facet must be optimized to allow a shape to form on the measurement screen approximates the diamond sought here.
  • the input surface 22 and the light source 14 of the second embodiment are arranged symmetrically respectively with respect to the input surface 22 and to the source light 14 of the first embodiment, according to a symmetry with respect to a transverse plane.
  • the power supply of the light source 14 is more complex to design, because it must be carried out by the front of the light 10. It may be necessary, for example, to run a power cable in front of the surface of exit 26.
  • the reflecting surface 24 here has the shape of a cap spherical centered on the optical axis A-A, whose radius is large enough for the reflection surface 24 to be generally transverse, and whose axial depth is substantially equal to the axial depth of the optical part 12.
  • the outer peripheral edge of the reflecting surface 24 is here directly connected to the outer peripheral edge of the outlet surface 26.
  • the radius of the reflecting surface 24 and the axial distance between the reflection surface 24 and the source 14 are chosen, so that the majority of the light rays emitted by the source 14 is reflected on the reflecting surface 24 according to the principle of total reflection.
  • the light rays R3 which are contained in a solid angle ⁇ of determined value, from the source 14, cannot have a sufficient angle of inclination relative to to the reflection surface 24, to reflect on the principle of total reflection on the reflection surface 24.
  • the solid angle ⁇ delimits, in the reflection surface 24, a central part 45, and an annular part 47.
  • the rear face of the central portion 45 is coated with a layer of reflective material and it has facets of reflection (not shown), of so that the rays R3, which are contained in the solid angle ⁇ , are reflected towards the exit surface 26.
  • the outlet surface 26 has the shape of a centered crown on the optical axis A-A, which includes an annular part interior 46, optically neutral, and an annular part exterior 48.
  • the inner annular part 46 is planar, and it extends transversely outwards, from the peripheral edge 32 from the entry surface 22 to the inner peripheral edge 50 of the outer annular part 48.
  • the outer annular part 48 of the outlet surface 26 is made here in the form of a Fresnel lens, which comprises a series of concentric annular dioptres 52.
  • the operation of the light 10 according to the second mode of achievement is as follows.
  • the light rays R4 which are emitted outside the angle solid ⁇ are reflected on the annular part 47 of the surface reflection 24, according to the principle of total reflection, and then they reach the outer annular part 48 of the outlet surface 26.
  • the spokes luminous R4 are refracted by the dioptres 52 so that they are emitted forward in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis A-A, to perform the signaling function.
  • the light rays R3 which reach the central part 45 from the reflecting surface 24 are reflected towards the part outer annular 48 of the outlet surface 26, where they are refracted by the dioptres 52 towards the front.
  • the inner annular part 46 of the outlet surface 26 is optically neutral, since it does not receive no light rays coming from the diode 14.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to produce a signaling light 10 having a large outlet surface 26, for a small axial size.
  • the signaling light 10 allows exploit the majority of the light flux emitted by a source point, such as a diode 14, to perform a function of regulatory signage.
  • the part optic 12 is optically “autonomous”, ie it performs the signaling function on its own, without it being necessary to add a reflector and / or diffusion glass.
  • the optical part 12 achieves both the recovery of the light rays emitted by the source 14 and the distribution of light rays at the front so as to achieve selected signaling function.
  • the signaling light 10 according to the invention can be arranged inside a case comprising a glass external protection, for example in a case which groups together all traffic lights associated with the different functions regulations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)
  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)

Abstract

Illumination is provided by a central diode (14) of suitable color mounted in a connection box (18) and located at the center. Light from the diode enters the optical component (12) through an entry surface (22) and is directed forward to a predominantly flat exit surface (26) by a reflecting surface (24) which is coated with aluminum and profiled (36) to optimize the reflection

Description

L'invention propose un feu de signalisation notamment pour un véhicule automobile.The invention proposes a signaling light in particular for a motor vehicle.

L'invention propose plus particulièrement un feu de signalisation, notamment pour un véhicule automobile, du type comportant un axe optique central orienté de l'arrière vers l'avant, suivant le sens de propagation du faisceau lumineux émis par le feu, une source lumineuse globalement ponctuelle disposée sur cet axe optique, et une pièce optique pleine, au moins en partie de révolution autour de l'axe optique, qui est réalisée dans une matière transparente d'indice de réfraction supérieur à celui de l'air, du type dans lequel la pièce optique comporte une surface d'entrée, et une surface de sortie globalement transversale qui est conçue pour transmettre les rayons lumineux vers l'avant, suivant une direction globalement parallèle à l'axe optique, e manière à réaliser une fonction de signalisation déterminée.The invention more particularly provides a signaling, in particular for a motor vehicle, of the type having a central optical axis oriented from rear to front, according to the direction of propagation of the light beam emitted by the fire, a generally point light source arranged on this optical axis, and a solid optical part, at least in part of revolution around the optical axis, which is carried out in a transparent material with a higher refractive index than air, of the type in which the optical part has a surface of entry, and a generally transverse exit surface which is designed to transmit light rays forward, in a direction generally parallel to the optical axis, e so as to perform a specific signaling function.

Ce type de feu de signalisation nécessite généralement un réflecteur sensiblement parabolique, disposé axialement à l'arrière de la pièce optique pour collecter les rayons lumineux émis par la source lumineuse et pour les concentrer sur la surface d'entrée de la pièce optique.This type of traffic light generally requires a substantially parabolic reflector, arranged axially at the back of the optical part to collect the light rays emitted by the light source and to focus them on the surface of the optical part.

Lorsque l'on souhaite réaliser un feu de signalisation de faible épaisseur axiale, par exemple de l'ordre de sept à huit millimètres, la structure du réflecteur parabolique limite l'ouverture avant du feu de signalisation, c'est à dire l'aire de la surface de sortie. La faible épaisseur axiale du feu implique donc une faible surface de sortie, de sorte que la luminance du feu par unité de surface est importante.When you want to make a traffic light small axial thickness, for example of the order of seven to eight millimeters, the structure of the parabolic reflector limits the front opening of the traffic light, i.e. the area of the outlet surface. The small axial thickness of the light therefore implies a small exit surface, so that the luminance of the fire by area unit is important.

Or, lorsque l'on réalise une fonction de signalisation arrière, contrairement à une fonction d'éclairage avant, les personnes des véhicules qui suivent le véhicule équipé dudit feu de signalisation sont souvent amenées à porter leur regard en direction de la source lumineuse. Il importe donc de minimiser la luminance du feu par unité de surface, en vue d'éviter l'éblouissement desdites personnes.However, when a signaling function is carried out rear, unlike a front lighting function, people from vehicles following the vehicle equipped with said light are often led to look light source direction. It is therefore important to minimize the luminance of the fire per unit area, in order to avoid the dazzling of said people.

De plus, les feux de signalisation de types connus ne sont pas adaptés à l'utilisation d'une source lumineuse de petite dimension, telle qu'une diode électroluminescente, qui émet son flux lumineux dans un angle solide de valeur déterminée, inférieure à cent quatre-vingts degrés. En effet, les sources lumineuses classiquement utilisées dans les feux de signalisation sont des lampes à filament, qui émettent de la lumière globalement dans toutes les directions à partir du filament.In addition, signal lights of known types are not not suitable for the use of a small light source dimension, such as a light emitting diode, which emits its luminous flux in a solid angle of determined value, less than one hundred and eighty degrees. Indeed, the sources luminaires conventionally used in signaling lights are filament lamps, which emit light overall in all directions from the filament.

L'invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients précités, en proposant un feu de signalisation qui puisse avoir une faible épaisseur axiale, tout en ayant une surface de sortie suffisante pour réaliser la fonction de signalisation, et qui soit adapté à l'utilisation d'une source lumineuse telle qu'une diode électroluminescente.The invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks, by offering a traffic light which may have a low axial thickness, while having sufficient outlet surface to perform the signaling function, and which is adapted to the use of a light source such as a diode emitting.

L'invention vise aussi à minimiser le nombre de pièces nécessaires pour réaliser la fonction de signalisation, et à minimiser les coûts de fabrication.The invention also aims to minimize the number of parts necessary to perform the signaling function, and to minimize manufacturing costs.

Dans ce but, l'invention propose un feu de signalisation du type décrit précédemment, caractérisé en ce que la pièce optique comporte une surface de réflexion globalement transversale qui est agencée axialement en vis-à-vis de la surface de sortie, et en ce que la surface d'entrée est agencée axialement entre la surface de réflexion et la surface de sortie, de manière que les rayons lumineux qui pénètrent dans la pièce optique par la surface d'entrée soient réfléchis par la surface de réflexion vers la surface de sortie.To this end, the invention proposes a signaling light for the type described above, characterized in that the optical part has a generally transverse reflection surface which is arranged axially opposite the outlet surface, and that the entry surface is arranged axially between the reflection surface and the output surface, so that the light rays which enter the optical part through the input surface are reflected by the reflection surface towards the exit surface.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • la source lumineuse est agencée au moins partiellement entre la surface de réflexion et la surface de sortie ;
  • la source lumineuse est une diode électroluminescente comportant un globe de diffusion lumineuse ;
  • la surface d'entrée a globalement la forme d'une calotte sphérique concave dont le centre coïncide globalement avec le coeur de la source lumineuse, de manière que les rayons lumineux émis par la source pénètrent dans la pièce optique, globalement sans se réfracter ;
  • le globe de diffusion lumineuse a la forme d'une calotte sphérique convexe dont le centre coïncide globalement avec le centre de la surface d'entrée ;
  • la surface de réflexion est revêtue d'une couche de matériau réfléchissant, par exemple une couche d'aluminium ;
  • la surface de réflexion comporte des couronnes de réflexion qui sont inclinées vers l'axe optique et vers l'avant ;
  • la surface de sortie est formée par une série de dioptres qui dévient les rayons lumineux provenant de la surface de réflexion, de manière que les rayons lumineux soient émis vers l'avant suivant une direction globalement parallèle à l'axe optique ;
  • la surface d'entrée est orientée vers l'arrière, et la surface de sortie comporte au moins une partie annulaire dont la génératrice décrit un angle d'inclinaison, par rapport à l'axe optique, tel que les rayons lumineux émis par la source se réfléchissent sur cette partie annulaire, selon le principe de la réflexion totale, vers la surface de réflexion ;
  • la surface de sortie comporte une partie centrale globalement en forme de calotte sphérique convexe, dont le centre est décalé axialement vers l'arrière, par rapport au centre de la surface d'entrée, de manière que les rayons lumineux, émis par la source, qui atteignent la partie centrale, se réfractent vers l'avant suivant une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe optique ;
  • la partie centrale définit avec la source un angle solide de valeur déterminée, qui contient globalement les rayons lumineux dont l'angle d'inclinaison, par rapport à l'angle d'inclinaison de la génératrice de la partie annulaire, est insuffisant pour permettre leur réflexion totale sur la surface de sortie ;
  • la surface d'entrée est orientée vers l'avant, et la surface de réflexion comporte au moins une partie annulaire dont la génératrice décrit un angle d'inclinaison, par rapport à l'axe optique, tel que les rayons lumineux émis par la source se réfléchissent sur cette partie annulaire, selon le principe de la réflexion totale, vers la surface de sortie ;
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the light source is arranged at least partially between the reflection surface and the output surface;
  • the light source is a light emitting diode comprising a light diffusion globe;
  • the entry surface is generally in the form of a concave spherical cap, the center of which generally coincides with the core of the light source, so that the light rays emitted by the source penetrate into the optical part, generally without refracting;
  • the light scattering globe has the shape of a convex spherical cap, the center of which globally coincides with the center of the entry surface;
  • the reflection surface is coated with a layer of reflective material, for example a layer of aluminum;
  • the reflection surface has reflection rings which are inclined towards the optical axis and towards the front;
  • the exit surface is formed by a series of dioptres which deflect the light rays coming from the reflection surface, so that the light rays are emitted towards the front in a direction generally parallel to the optical axis;
  • the entry surface is oriented towards the rear, and the exit surface comprises at least one annular part, the generator of which describes an angle of inclination, with respect to the optical axis, such as the light rays emitted by the source reflect on this annular part, according to the principle of total reflection, towards the reflection surface;
  • the outlet surface comprises a central part generally in the form of a convex spherical cap, the center of which is offset axially towards the rear, relative to the center of the inlet surface, so that the light rays emitted by the source, which reach the central part, refract forward in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis;
  • the central part defines with the source a solid angle of determined value, which globally contains the light rays whose angle of inclination, relative to the angle of inclination of the generator of the annular part, is insufficient to allow their total reflection on the exit surface;
  • the input surface is oriented towards the front, and the reflection surface comprises at least one annular part, the generator of which describes an angle of inclination, relative to the optical axis, such as the light rays emitted by the source reflect on this annular part, according to the principle of total reflection, towards the exit surface;

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit pour la compréhension de laquelle on se reportera aux dessins annexés parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue éclatée en perspective de trois quarts arrière avec arrachement qui représente un feu de signalisation réalisé conformément aux enseignements de l'invention selon un premier mode de réalisation ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe axiale qui représente le feu de signalisation de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue similaire à celle de la figure 2 qui représente un feu de signalisation réalisé conformément aux enseignements de l'invention selon un deuxième mode de réalisation.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings among which:
  • Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of three rear quarters with cutaway which shows a signal light produced in accordance with the teachings of the invention according to a first embodiment;
  • Figure 2 is an axial sectional view showing the signal light of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a view similar to that of Figure 2 which shows a signal light produced in accordance with the teachings of the invention according to a second embodiment.

Dans la description qui va suivre, des éléments sensiblement identiques ou similaires seront désignés par des références identiques.In the description which follows, elements substantially identical or similar will be designated by identical references.

On a représenté sur les figures 1 et 2 un feu de signalisation 10 qui est réalisé conformément à un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.Figures 1 and 2 show a signaling 10 which is carried out in accordance with a first mode for carrying out the invention.

Ce feu de signalisation 10 comporte une pièce optique pleine 12 qui sert à la fois de récupérateur de flux lumineux et de diffuseur de flux lumineux pour une source lumineuse globalement ponctuelle, constituée ici d'une diode électroluminescente 14.This signal light 10 comprises an optical part full 12 which serves as both a luminous flux recuperator and a light flux diffuser for a light source overall point, here consisting of a light emitting diode 14.

La diode 14 a été représentée montée sur une platine de support 16, à l'arrière, qui permet notamment son raccordement à un réseau d'alimentation électrique et à une unité de commande (non représentés).Diode 14 has been shown mounted on a circuit board. support 16, at the rear, which allows in particular its connection to a power supply network and a control unit (not shown).

Les diodes 14 sont disponibles en plusieurs couleurs, c'est à dire qu'il est possible de choisir la coloration du flux lumineux émis par la diode 14. De préférence, on choisit la couleur de la diode 14 d'après la fonction de signalisation à réaliser, par exemple le rouge pour une fonction feu anti-brouillard, ou le blanc pour une fonction feu de recul.The diodes 14 are available in several colors, it is to say that it is possible to choose the coloring of the luminous flux emitted by diode 14. Preferably, the color of the diode 14 according to the signaling function to be performed, by example red for a fog light function, or white for a reversing light function.

La pièce optique 12 et la diode 14 sont agencées coaxialement suivant un axe optique central A-A qui s'étend globalement horizontalement de la gauche vers la droite, en considérant la figure 2.The optical part 12 and the diode 14 are arranged coaxially along a central optical axis A-A which extends generally horizontally from left to right, in considering figure 2.

Dans la suite de la description, on utilisera, à titre non limitatif, une orientation axiale d'arrière en avant qui correspond à une orientation de gauche à droite suivant l'axe optique A-A.In the following description, we will not use limiting, an axial orientation from back to front which corresponds to an orientation from left to right along the optical axis A-A.

A titre non limitatif, on qualifiera des éléments d'extérieurs ou d'intérieurs suivant qu'ils sont agencés radialement vers l'axe optique A-A ou à l'opposé de cet axe.Without limitation, we will qualify elements of exteriors or interiors depending on whether they are arranged radially towards the axis optic A-A or opposite this axis.

En se référant notamment à la figure 2, on constate que la diode 14 comporte à l'arrière un boítier de connexion 18 sensiblement cylindrique et à l'avant un globe de diffusion lumineuse 20 sensiblement hémisphérique centré sur l'axe optique A-A, convexe vers l'avant.With particular reference to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the diode 14 has at the rear a connection box 18 substantially cylindrical and at the front a globe of diffusion luminous 20 substantially hemispherical centered on the axis optics A-A, convex towards the front.

Le boítier de connexion 18 comporte des moyens de fixation et de raccordement électrique (non représentés) pour le montage de la diode 14 sur la platine 16.The connection box 18 includes means for fixing and electrical connection (not shown) for the mounting of the diode 14 on the plate 16.

Dans la description qui suit, on considère, de manière approximative, que la diode 14 est une source lumineuse ponctuelle S, qui émet des rayons lumineux radialement, globalement vers l'avant, depuis le centre S de l'hémisphère formant le globe 20.In the description which follows, we consider, so approximate, that diode 14 is a light source point S, which emits light rays radially, generally forward, from the center S of the hemisphere forming the globe 20.

Le centre S correspond globalement au coeur de la source lumineuse, c'est à dire le point de la source d'où semble provenir la majeure partie du flux lumineux. The center S generally corresponds to the heart of the source luminous, i.e. the point of the source from which seems to come most of the luminous flux.

Avantageusement, on choisit une diode 14 dont l'ouverture est proche de 180 degrés, c'est à dire qu'elle émet des rayons lumineux suivant un angle solide de 180 degrés, centré autour de l'axe optique A-A.Advantageously, a diode 14 is chosen whose opening is close to 180 degrees, i.e. it emits rays bright at a solid angle of 180 degrees, centered around the optical axis A-A.

La pièce optique 12 est une forme de révolution autour de l'axe optique A-A, et elle est réalisée dans un matériau transparent présentant un indice de réfraction supérieur à celui de l'air, qui constitue ici le milieu ambiant entourant la pièce 12.The optical part 12 is a form of revolution around the optical axis A-A, and it is made of a material transparent with a higher refractive index than the air, which here constitutes the ambient environment surrounding the room 12.

Avantageusement, la pièce optique 12 est réalisée en une seule pièce par moulage dans une matière plastique transparente telle que, par exemple, du polymétacrylate de méthyle (PMMA).Advantageously, the optical part 12 is produced in a single piece by molding in transparent plastic such as, for example, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

La pièce optique 12 comporte une surface d'entrée 22, une surface de réflexion 24, et une surface de sortie 26.The optical part 12 has an entry surface 22, a reflection surface 24, and an exit surface 26.

La surface d'entrée 22 a ici une forme hémisphérique concave, dont le centre coïncide globalement avec le centre S de la source lumineuse 14.The entry surface 22 here has a hemispherical shape concave, the center of which generally coincides with the center S of the light source 14.

La surface de réflexion 24 s'étend globalement dans un plan transversal à l'axe optique A-A, passant par le centre S de la source lumineuse 14.The reflection surface 24 generally extends in a plane transverse to the optical axis A-A, passing through the center S of the light source 14.

La surface de réflexion 24 a la forme d'une couronne centrée sur l'axe optique A-A, qui comprend une partie annulaire intérieure 28, optiquement neutre, et une partie annulaire extérieure 30. Les deux parties annulaires 28, 30 sont contenues globalement dans un même plan transversal.The reflecting surface 24 has the shape of a crown centered on the optical axis A-A, which includes an annular part interior 28, optically neutral, and an annular part exterior 30. The two annular parts 28, 30 are contained overall in the same transverse plane.

La partie annulaire intérieure 28 est plane et elle s'étend transversalement vers l'extérieur, depuis le bord périphérique 32 de la surface d'entrée 22, jusqu'au bord périphérique intérieur 34 de la partie annulaire extérieure 30.The inner annular part 28 is planar and it extends transversely outwards, from the peripheral edge 32 from the entry surface 22 to the inner peripheral edge 34 of the outer annular part 30.

La partie annulaire extérieure 30 est formée d'une série de couronnes réfléchissantes 36 coaxiales suivant l'axe optique A-A.The outer annular part 30 is formed by a series of reflective rings 36 coaxial along the optical axis A-A.

La partie annulaire extérieure 30 est conçue globalement selon le même principe qu'une lentille du type à échelons. The outer annular part 30 is generally designed on the same principle as a stepped type lens.

La génératrice de chaque couronne réfléchissante 36 est un segment de droite qui est incliné vers l'avant et vers l'axe optique A-A.The generator of each reflecting crown 36 is a line segment which is tilted forward and towards the axis optics A-A.

Les couronnes réfléchissantes 36 sont échelonnées radialement vers l'extérieur, deux couronnes réfléchissantes 36 successives étant séparées par une couronne optiquement neutre 38.The reflective crowns 36 are staggered radially outwards, two reflecting rings 36 successive being separated by an optically neutral crown 38.

La génératrice de chaque couronne neutre 38 est ici un segment de droite qui est incliné vers l'avant et vers l'extérieur.The generator of each neutral crown 38 is here a line segment that is tilted forward and outward.

Selon le mode de réalisation représenté ici, les génératrices des couronnes réfléchissantes 36 sont sensiblement parallèles, et la longueur de ces génératrices décroít progressivement lorsque l'on s'éloigne de l'axe A-A.According to the embodiment shown here, the generating reflective crowns 36 are substantially parallel, and the length of these generators decreases gradually as one moves away from the axis A-A.

Selon ce mode de réalisation, l'angle aigu, que définit chaque génératrice d'une couronne neutre 38 avec l'axe optique A-A, croít progressivement lorsque l'on s'éloigne de l'axe A-A.According to this embodiment, the acute angle, which defines each generator of a neutral ring 38 with the optical axis A-A, increases gradually as one moves away from the axis A-A.

La surface de réflexion 24 est revêtue, sur sa face arrière, d'une couche de matériau réfléchissant, par exemple à base d'aluminium, de manière que les rayons lumineux, qui sont transmis à l'intérieur de la pièce optique 12, et qui atteignent les couronnes réfléchissantes 36, soient réfléchis vers la surface de sortie 26.The reflection surface 24 is coated, on its rear face, a layer of reflective material, for example based of aluminum, so that the light rays, which are transmitted inside the optical part 12, and which reach the reflecting crowns 36, are reflected towards the surface of exit 26.

Le matériau réfléchissant peut être déposé uniquement sur les couronnes réfléchissantes 36, puisque seules les couronnes réfléchissantes 36 sont destinées à réfléchir les rayons lumineux qui participent à la fonction de signalisation,.The reflective material can only be deposited on reflective crowns 36, since only the crowns reflective 36 are intended to reflect light rays which participate in the signaling function.

La surface de sortie 26 de la pièce optique 12 s'étend globalement dans un plan transversal, axialement en vis-à-vis de la surface de réflexion 24.The exit surface 26 of the optical part 12 extends generally in a transverse plane, axially opposite the reflection surface 24.

La surface de sortie 26 comporte une partie annulaire 40 dont la génératrice est un segment de droite qui décrit un angle d'inclinaison α, par rapport à l'axe optique A-A, de manière à former globalement un tronc de cône, dont le sommet est à l'avant. The outlet surface 26 has an annular part 40 whose generator is a straight line which describes an angle inclination α, relative to the optical axis A-A, so that generally form a truncated cone, the apex of which is forward.

Selon une variante de réalisation (non représentée), la génératrice de la partie annulaire 40 peut être un arc de cercle, de manière former une calotte sphérique convexe.According to an alternative embodiment (not shown), the generating the annular part 40 can be an arc of a circle, so as to form a convex spherical cap.

La surface de sortie 26 comporte une partie centrale 42 en forme de calotte sphérique convexe qui est centrée sur l'axe optique A-A.The outlet surface 26 comprises a central part 42 in convex spherical cap shape which is centered on the axis optics A-A.

Avantageusement, le centre C de la partie centrale 42 est décalé axialement vers l'arrière, par rapport au centre S de la surface d'entrée 22.Advantageously, the center C of the central part 42 is offset axially backwards from the center S of the entry surface 22.

La partie centrale 42 définit, avec le centre S de la source lumineuse 14, un angle solide β de valeur déterminée.The central part 42 defines, with the center S of the source light 14, a solid angle β of determined value.

La valeur de l'angle solide β est déterminée en fonction de l'angle d'incidence des rayons lumineux qui sont émis par la source 14 et qui atteignent directement la surface de sortie 26, après avoir traversé la surface d'entrée 22.The value of the solid angle β is determined as a function of the angle of incidence of the light rays which are emitted by the source 14 and which directly reach the outlet surface 26, after crossing the entry surface 22.

La valeur de l'angle solide β doit être telle que la partie centrale 42 collecte tous les rayons lumineux dont l'angle d'inclinaison, par rapport à l'angle d'inclinaison de la génératrice de la partie annulaire 40, est insuffisant pour permettre leur réflexion totale vers l'arrière.The value of the solid angle β must be such that the part central 42 collects all the light rays whose angle tilt, relative to the tilt angle of the generator of the annular part 40, is insufficient to allow their total backward reflection.

La valeur de l'angle solide β est, par exemple, égale à environ cent degrés.The value of the solid angle β is, for example, equal to about a hundred degrees.

Selon le mode de réalisation représenté ici, le diamètre extérieur de la partie annulaire extérieure 30 de la surface de réflexion 24 est égal au diamètre extérieur de la partie annulaire 40 de la surface de sortie 26. La pièce optique 12 comporte donc une surface cylindrique périphérique 44 qui raccorde la surface de réflexion 24 à la surface de sortie 26.According to the embodiment shown here, the diameter outside of the outer annular part 30 of the surface of reflection 24 is equal to the outside diameter of the annular part 40 of the outlet surface 26. The optical part 12 therefore comprises a peripheral cylindrical surface 44 which connects the surface of reflection 24 at the exit surface 26.

On note que la surface d'entrée 22 est intercalée axialement entre la surface de réflexion 24 et la surface de sortie 26.Note that the entry surface 22 is interposed axially between the reflection surface 24 and the exit surface 26.

La source lumineuse 14 est ici agencée axialement entre la surface de réflexion 24 et la surface de sortie 26. The light source 14 is here arranged axially between the reflection surface 24 and the output surface 26.

On décrit maintenant le fonctionnement du feu de signalisation 10 selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.We now describe the operation of the signaling 10 according to the first embodiment of the invention.

L'ensemble du système optique constitué par la diode 14 et la pièce optique 12 étant globalement de révolution autour de l'axe optique A-A, on expliquera le fonctionnement optique uniquement dans le demi-plan axial qui est représenté sur la figure 6.The entire optical system constituted by the diode 14 and the optical part 12 being generally of revolution around the optical axis A-A, we will explain the optical operation only in the axial half-plane which is represented on the figure 6.

Pour faciliter la compréhension de l'invention, seule une partie des rayons lumineux émis par la diode 14 a été représentée sur la figure 6.To facilitate understanding of the invention, only one part of the light rays emitted by diode 14 has been shown in figure 6.

La majorité des rayons lumineux R sont émis par la source 14 suivant des directions radiales, par rapport à la surface d'entrée 22, puisque la source lumineuse 14 est sensiblement ponctuelle et localisée au point S. Par conséquent, ces rayons R pénètrent dans la pièce optique 12 en traversant la surface d'entrée 22 sans se réfracter.The majority of light rays R are emitted by the source 14 in radial directions, with respect to the surface input 22, since the light source 14 is substantially point and localized at point S. Consequently, these rays R penetrate into the optical part 12 by crossing the surface inlet 22 without refracting.

La majorité de l'énergie lumineuse produite par la source 14 est donc transmise à l'intérieur de la pièce optique 12.Most of the light energy produced by the source 14 is therefore transmitted inside the optical part 12.

Parmi les rayons lumineux R qui pénètrent dans la pièce optique 12, les rayons R1, dont la direction de transmission est comprise dans l'angle solide β, atteignent la partie centrale 42 de la surface de sortie 26.Among the light rays R which penetrate the room optic 12, rays R1, whose direction of transmission is included in the solid angle β, reach the central part 42 of the outlet surface 26.

Ces rayons lumineux R1 se réfractent à travers la partie centrale 42 et ils sont émis vers l'avant suivant des directions sensiblement parallèles à l'axe optique A-A.These light rays R1 refract through the part central 42 and they are emitted forward in directions substantially parallel to the optical axis A-A.

On remarque que la partie centrale 42 de la surface de sortie 26 fonctionne comme une lentille convergente dont le foyer est le centre S de la source lumineuse 14.Note that the central part 42 of the surface of outlet 26 works like a converging lens whose focus is the center S of the light source 14.

Les rayons R2, dont la direction de transmission n'est pas comprise dans l'angle solide β, atteignent la partie annulaire 40 de la surface de sortie 26. R2 spokes, whose direction of transmission is not included in the solid angle β, reach the annular part 40 of the outlet surface 26.

Du fait de la conception de la surface de sortie 26, et en particulier du fait de l'angle d'inclinaison α de la génératrice de la partie annulaire 40, les rayons lumineux R2, qui sont émis par la source 14, et qui atteignent la partie annulaire 40, directement après avoir traversé la surface d'entrée 22, se réfléchissent sur cette partie annulaire 40, selon le principe de la réflexion totale, vers les couronnes réfléchissantes 36 de la partie annulaire extérieure 30 de la surface de réflexion 24.Due to the design of the outlet surface 26, and in particular due to the angle of inclination α of the generator of the annular part 40, the light rays R2, which are emitted by the source 14, and which reach the annular part 40, directly after crossing the entry surface 22, are reflected on this annular part 40, according to the principle of total reflection, towards the reflecting crowns 36 of the annular part outside 30 of the reflection surface 24.

Les rayons R2 se réfléchissent sur les couronnes réfléchissantes 36 et ils sont renvoyés vers la partie annulaire 40 de la surface de sortie 26.R2 rays are reflected on the crowns reflective 36 and they are returned to the annular part 40 of the outlet surface 26.

L'angle d'inclinaison α de la génératrice de la partie annulaire 40 est choisi de manière que, après s'être réfléchis sur les couronnes réfléchissantes 36, les rayons lumineux R2 traversent la partie annulaire 40 en se réfractant vers l'avant, suivant une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe optique A-A.The angle of inclination α of the generator of the part annular 40 is chosen so that, after reflecting on reflective rings 36, light rays R2 pass through the annular part 40 while refracting towards the front, in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis A-A.

Les couronnes 38 de la partie annulaire extérieure 30 de la surface de réflexion 24 sont optiquement neutres, c'est à dire qu'elles n'ont pas de fonction optique, car elles ne peuvent pas être atteintes par les rayons lumineux R2 réfléchis sur la partie annulaire 40 de la surface de sortie 26.The crowns 38 of the outer annular part 30 of the reflection surface 24 are optically neutral, i.e. that they have no optical function, because they cannot be reached by the R2 light rays reflected on the part annular 40 of the outlet surface 26.

Le diamètre du bord périphérique 34 de la partie annulaire extérieure 30 est déterminé globalement par le point d'impact, sur la surface de réflexion 24, du rayon lumineux R2p le plus proche de l'angle solide β. En effet, plus un rayon lumineux R2 est proche de l'angle solide β, plus sont point d'impact sur la surface de réflexion 24 est proche de l'axe optique A-A.The diameter of the peripheral edge 34 of the annular part exterior 30 is determined globally by the point of impact, on the reflection surface 24, of the nearest light ray R2p of the solid angle β. Indeed, the more a light ray R2 is close to the solid angle β, the greater the impact point on the surface reflection 24 is close to the optical axis A-A.

Ainsi, la partie annulaire intérieure 28 de la surface de réflexion 24 ne reçoit pas les rayons lumineux R2 qui se réfléchissent sur la partie annulaire 40 de la surface de sortie 26. Elle est donc optiquement neutreThus, the inner annular part 28 of the surface of reflection 24 does not receive the light rays R2 which are reflect on the annular part 40 of the outlet surface 26. It is therefore optically neutral

On remarque que l'étagement des couronnes réfléchissantes 36 permet d'augmenter le diamètre extérieur de la pièce optique 12, donc la surface lumineuse apparente qui réalise la fonction de signalisation, en vue d'éviter une gêne par éblouissement aux personnes qui peuvent être amenées à regarder en direction du feu de signalisation 10.We notice that the tiering of the crowns reflective 36 increases the outside diameter of the optical part 12, therefore the apparent light surface which achieves the signaling function, in order to avoid discomfort by glare to people who may be brought to look towards the traffic light 10.

La dimension transversale de la partie centrale 42 de la surface de sortie 26 est déterminée principalement par la profondeur axiale de la pièce optique 12, puisque cette valeur est liée à la valeur de l'angle solide β qui est fixe.The transverse dimension of the central part 42 of the outlet area 26 is mainly determined by the axial depth of the optical part 12, since this value is related to the value of the solid angle β which is fixed.

De préférence, on choisit une profondeur axiale faible de la pièce optique 12, de manière que l'aire de la partie centrale 42 de la surface de sortie 26 soit très inférieure à l'aire de la partie annulaire 40. La partie annulaire 40 occupe par exemple quatre-vingt pourcents de la surface de sortie 26.Preferably, a small axial depth of the optical part 12, so that the area of the central part 42 of the outlet surface 26 is much less than the area of the part annular 40. The annular part 40 occupies for example eighty percent of outlet surface 26.

L'invention permet, par exemple, de réaliser un feu de signalisation 10 dont la profondeur axiale est inférieure à trente millimètres, pour une ouverture frontale, c'est à dire pour un encombrement transversal à la sortie du feu 10, d'au moins quatre-vingt millimètres.The invention makes it possible, for example, to produce a signaling 10 whose axial depth is less than thirty millimeters, for a front opening, i.e. for a overall dimensions at the exit of the light 10, at least eighty millimeters.

Avantageusement, chaque couronne réfléchissante 36 est facettée, c'est à dire qu'elle comporte une série de facettes de réflexion élémentaires (non représentées), qui sont par exemple adjacentes les unes aux autres circonférentiellement. Chaque facette est prévue pour répartir spatialement les rayons lumineux vers l'avant de manière que le feu de signalisation 10 forme à l'avant un faisceau d'éclairage réalisant une fonction de signalisation réglementaire choisie.Advantageously, each reflecting crown 36 is faceted, that is to say that it comprises a series of facets of elementary reflections (not shown), which are for example circumferentially adjacent to each other. Each facet is provided to spatially distribute the light rays forward so that the traffic light 10 forms at the front a lighting beam performing a function of regulatory signage chosen.

Par exemple, si le feu de signalisation 10 est prévu pour réaliser une fonction de feu anti-brouillard, pour lequel le faisceau lumineux doit avoir une forme de losange, alors chaque facette a un profil optimisé pour réaliser à l'avant du feu de signalisation 10, sur un écran de mesure, une image globalement en forme de losange.For example, if the traffic light 10 is intended for perform a fog light function, for which the beam bright must have a diamond shape, so each facet has an optimized profile to achieve at the front of the traffic light 10, on a measurement screen, an image generally in the form of diamond.

Le losange n'est pas régulier. Il doit avoir une hauteur, suivant un axe vertical, inférieure à sa largeur, suivant un axe horizontal. Donc, le profil de chaque facette doit être optimisé pour permettre de réaliser sur l'écran de mesure une forme qui se rapproche du losange recherché ici.The diamond is not regular. It must have a height, along a vertical axis, less than its width, along an axis horizontal. So the profile of each facet must be optimized to allow a shape to form on the measurement screen approximates the diamond sought here.

On a représenté sur la figure 3 un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.There is shown in Figure 3 a second mode of realization of the invention.

Dans la description qui suit, on décrira principalement les différences de structure et de fonctionnement du deuxième mode de réalisation par rapport au premier.In the following description, we will mainly describe the differences in structure and operation of the second mode compared to the first.

Une différence importante, par rapport au premier mode de réalisation, est l'agencement de la surface d'entrée 22, et donc de la source lumineuse 14, ici une diode électroluminescente similaire à celle du premier mode de réalisation, à l'avant de la pièce optique 12.An important difference, compared to the first mode of realization, is the arrangement of the entry surface 22, and therefore of the light source 14, here a light emitting diode similar to that of the first embodiment, at the front of the optical part 12.

La surface d'entrée 22 et la source lumineuse 14 du deuxième mode de réalisation sont agencés symétriquement respectivement par rapport à la surface d'entrée 22 et à la source lumineuse 14 du premier mode de réalisation, selon une symétrie par rapport à un plan transversal.The input surface 22 and the light source 14 of the second embodiment are arranged symmetrically respectively with respect to the input surface 22 and to the source light 14 of the first embodiment, according to a symmetry with respect to a transverse plane.

On note que, dans le deuxième mode de réalisation, comme la source lumineuse 14 est agencée du côté de la surface de sortie 26, l'alimentation électrique de la source lumineuse 14 est plus complexe à concevoir, car elle doit être réalisée par l'avant du feu 10. Il peut être nécessaire, par exemple, de faire passer un câble d'alimentation électrique devant la surface de sortie 26.Note that, in the second embodiment, as the light source 14 is arranged on the surface side 26, the power supply of the light source 14 is more complex to design, because it must be carried out by the front of the light 10. It may be necessary, for example, to run a power cable in front of the surface of exit 26.

La surface de réflexion 24 a ici la forme d'une calotte sphérique centrée sur l'axe optique A-A, dont le rayon est suffisamment important pour que la surface de réflexion 24 soit globalement transversale, et dont la profondeur axiale est sensiblement égale à la profondeur axiale de la pièce optique 12.The reflecting surface 24 here has the shape of a cap spherical centered on the optical axis A-A, whose radius is large enough for the reflection surface 24 to be generally transverse, and whose axial depth is substantially equal to the axial depth of the optical part 12.

Le bord périphérique extérieur de la surface de réflexion 24 est ici raccordé directement au bord périphérique extérieur de la surface de sortie 26. The outer peripheral edge of the reflecting surface 24 is here directly connected to the outer peripheral edge of the outlet surface 26.

Le rayon de la surface de réflexion 24 et la distance axiale entre la surface de réflexion 24 et la source 14 sont choisis, de manière que la majorité des rayons lumineux émis par la source 14 se réfléchisse sur la surface de réflexion 24 selon le principe de la réflexion totale.The radius of the reflecting surface 24 and the axial distance between the reflection surface 24 and the source 14 are chosen, so that the majority of the light rays emitted by the source 14 is reflected on the reflecting surface 24 according to the principle of total reflection.

Par conception, les rayons lumineux R3 qui sont contenus dans un angle solide β de valeur déterminée, à partir de la source 14, ne peuvent avoir un angle d'inclinaison suffisant, par rapport à la surface de réflexion 24, pour se réfléchir selon le principe de la réflexion totale sur la surface de réflexion 24.By design, the light rays R3 which are contained in a solid angle β of determined value, from the source 14, cannot have a sufficient angle of inclination relative to to the reflection surface 24, to reflect on the principle of total reflection on the reflection surface 24.

L'angle solide β délimite, dans la surface de réflexion 24, une partie centrale 45, et une partie annulaire 47.The solid angle β delimits, in the reflection surface 24, a central part 45, and an annular part 47.

Avantageusement, la face arrière de la portion centrale 45 est revêtue d'une couche de matériau réfléchissant et elle comporte des facettes de réflexion (non représentées), de manière que les rayons R3, qui sont contenus dans l'angle solide β, soient réfléchis vers la surface de sortie 26.Advantageously, the rear face of the central portion 45 is coated with a layer of reflective material and it has facets of reflection (not shown), of so that the rays R3, which are contained in the solid angle β, are reflected towards the exit surface 26.

La surface de sortie 26 a la forme d'une couronne centrée sur l'axe optique A-A, qui comprend une partie annulaire intérieure 46, optiquement neutre, et une partie annulaire extérieure 48.The outlet surface 26 has the shape of a centered crown on the optical axis A-A, which includes an annular part interior 46, optically neutral, and an annular part exterior 48.

La partie annulaire intérieure 46 est plane, et elle s'étend transversalement vers l'extérieur, depuis le bord périphérique 32 de la surface d'entrée 22, jusqu'au bord périphérique intérieur 50 de la partie annulaire extérieure 48.The inner annular part 46 is planar, and it extends transversely outwards, from the peripheral edge 32 from the entry surface 22 to the inner peripheral edge 50 of the outer annular part 48.

La partie annulaire extérieure 48 de la surface de sortie 26 est réalisée ici sous la forme d'une lentille de Fresnel, qui comporte une série de dioptres annulaires concentriques 52.The outer annular part 48 of the outlet surface 26 is made here in the form of a Fresnel lens, which comprises a series of concentric annular dioptres 52.

Le fonctionnement du feu 10 selon le deuxième mode de réalisation est le suivant.The operation of the light 10 according to the second mode of achievement is as follows.

On note que, selon le deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, tous les rayons lumineux R émis par la diode 14, après avoir traversé la surface d'entrée 22, se réfléchissent d'abord sur la surface de réflexion 24, avant de traverser la surface de sortie 26.Note that, according to the second embodiment of the invention, all the light rays R emitted by the diode 14, after crossing the entry surface 22, are reflected first on the reflecting surface 24, before crossing the outlet surface 26.

Les rayons lumineux R4 qui sont émis en dehors de l'angle solide β se réfléchissent sur la partie annulaire 47 de la surface de réflexion 24, selon le principe de la réflexion totale, puis ils atteignent la partie annulaire extérieure 48 de la surface de sortie 26.The light rays R4 which are emitted outside the angle solid β are reflected on the annular part 47 of the surface reflection 24, according to the principle of total reflection, and then they reach the outer annular part 48 of the outlet surface 26.

En traversant la partie annulaire extérieure 48, les rayons lumineux R4 sont réfractés par les dioptres 52 de sorte qu'ils sont émis vers l'avant suivant une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe optique A-A, pour réaliser la fonction de signalisation.By crossing the outer annular part 48, the spokes luminous R4 are refracted by the dioptres 52 so that they are emitted forward in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis A-A, to perform the signaling function.

Les rayons lumineux R3 qui atteignent la partie centrale 45 de la surface de réflexion 24 se réfléchissent vers la partie annulaire extérieure 48 de la surface de sortie 26, où ils sont réfractés par les dioptres 52 vers l'avant.The light rays R3 which reach the central part 45 from the reflecting surface 24 are reflected towards the part outer annular 48 of the outlet surface 26, where they are refracted by the dioptres 52 towards the front.

On constate que la partie annulaire intérieure 46 de la surface de sortie 26 est neutre optiquement, puisqu'elle ne reçoit pas de rayons lumineux en provenance de la diode 14.It can be seen that the inner annular part 46 of the outlet surface 26 is optically neutral, since it does not receive no light rays coming from the diode 14.

L'invention permet donc de réaliser un feu de signalisation 10 comportant une surface de sortie 26 importante, pour un faible encombrement axial.The invention therefore makes it possible to produce a signaling light 10 having a large outlet surface 26, for a small axial size.

De plus, le feu de signalisation 10 selon l'invention permet d'exploiter la majorité du flux lumineux émis par une source ponctuelle, telle qu'une diode 14, pour réaliser une fonction de signalisation réglementaire.In addition, the signaling light 10 according to the invention allows exploit the majority of the light flux emitted by a source point, such as a diode 14, to perform a function of regulatory signage.

Dans le feu de signalisation 10 selon l'invention, la pièce optique 12 est « autonome » optiquement, c'est à dire qu'elle réalise la fonction de signalisation toute seule, sans qu'il soit nécessaire d'ajouter un réflecteur et/ou une glace de diffusion.In the signaling light 10 according to the invention, the part optic 12 is optically "autonomous", ie it performs the signaling function on its own, without it being necessary to add a reflector and / or diffusion glass.

La pièce optique 12 selon l'invention réalise à la fois la récupération des rayons lumineux émis par la source 14 et la répartition des rayons lumineux à l'avant de manière à réaliser la fonction de signalisation choisie. The optical part 12 according to the invention achieves both the recovery of the light rays emitted by the source 14 and the distribution of light rays at the front so as to achieve selected signaling function.

Bien entendu, le feu de signalisation 10 selon l'invention peut être agencé à l'intérieur d'un boítier comportant une glace de protection extérieure, par exemple dans un boítier qui regroupe tous les feux de signalisation associés aux différentes fonctions réglementaires.Of course, the signaling light 10 according to the invention can be arranged inside a case comprising a glass external protection, for example in a case which groups together all traffic lights associated with the different functions regulations.

Claims (12)

Feu de signalisation (10), notamment pour un véhicule automobile, du type comportant un axe optique central (A-A) orienté de l'arrière vers l'avant, suivant le sens de propagation du faisceau lumineux émis par le feu (10), une source lumineuse (14) globalement ponctuelle disposée sur cet axe optique (A-A), et une pièce optique pleine (12), au moins en partie de révolution autour de l'axe optique (A-A), qui est réalisée dans une matière transparente d'indice de réfraction supérieur à celui de l'air, du type dans lequel la pièce optique (12) comporte une surface d'entrée (22), et une surface de sortie (26) globalement transversale qui est conçue pour transmettre les rayons lumineux (R) vers l'avant, suivant une direction globalement parallèle à l'axe optique (A-A), de manière à réaliser une fonction de signalisation déterminée,
   caractérisé en ce que la pièce optique (12) comporte une surface de réflexion (24) globalement transversale qui est agencée axialement en vis-à-vis de la surface de sortie (26) ;
   et en ce que la surface d'entrée (22) est agencée axialement entre la surface de réflexion (24) et la surface de sortie (26),
de manière que les rayons lumineux (R) qui pénètrent dans la pièce optique (12) par la surface d'entrée (22) soient réfléchis par la surface de réflexion (24) vers la surface de sortie (26).Signaling light (10), in particular for a motor vehicle, of the type comprising a central optical axis (AA) oriented from rear to front, in the direction of propagation of the light beam emitted by the light (10), a generally point light source (14) disposed on this optical axis (AA), and a solid optical part (12), at least in part of revolution around the optical axis (AA), which is made of a transparent material of refractive index higher than that of air, of the type in which the optical part (12) has an inlet surface (22), and a generally transverse outlet surface (26) which is designed to transmit light rays ( R) forwards, in a direction generally parallel to the optical axis (AA), so as to achieve a determined signaling function,
characterized in that the optical part (12) has a generally transverse reflection surface (24) which is arranged axially opposite the exit surface (26);
and in that the input surface (22) is arranged axially between the reflection surface (24) and the output surface (26),
so that the light rays (R) which penetrate into the optical part (12) by the entry surface (22) are reflected by the reflection surface (24) towards the exit surface (26). Feu de signalisation (10) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la source lumineuse (14) est agencée au moins partiellement entre la surface de réflexion (24) et la surface de sortie (26).Signaling light (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the light source (14) is arranged at least partially between the reflection surface (24) and the exit surface (26). Feu de signalisation (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la source lumineuse (14) est une diode électroluminescente comportant un globe de diffusion lumineuse (20). Signaling light (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the light source (14) is a light-emitting diode comprising a light diffusion globe (20). Feu de signalisation (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la surface d'entrée (22) a globalement la forme d'une calotte sphérique concave dont le centre (S) coïncide globalement avec le coeur de la source lumineuse (14), de manière que les rayons lumineux (R) émis par la source (14) pénètrent dans la pièce optique (12), globalement sans se réfracter.Signaling light (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entry surface (22) generally has the shape of a concave spherical cap whose center (S) generally coincides with the heart of the light source (14), so that the light rays (R) emitted by the source (14) penetrate into the optical part (12), overall without refracting. Feu de signalisation (10) selon la revendication précédente, prise en combinaison avec la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le globe de diffusion lumineuse (20) a la forme d'une calotte sphérique convexe dont le centre coïncide globalement avec le centre (S) de la surface d'entrée (22).Signaling light (10) according to the preceding claim, taken in combination with claim 3, characterized in that the light scattering globe (20) has the shape of a convex spherical cap whose center generally coincides with the center (S ) of the entry surface (22). Feu de signalisation (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la surface de réflexion (24) est revêtue d'une couche de matériau réfléchissant, par exemple une couche d'aluminium.Signaling light (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reflecting surface (24) is coated with a layer of reflective material, for example a layer of aluminum. Feu de signalisation (10) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la surface de réflexion (24) comporte des couronnes de réflexion (36) qui sont inclinées vers l'axe optique (A-A) et vers l'avant.Signaling light (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the reflection surface (24) has reflection rings (36) which are inclined towards the optical axis (AA) and towards the front. Feu de signalisation (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la surface de sortie (26) est formée par une série de dioptres (52) qui dévient les rayons lumineux (R) provenant de la surface de réflexion (24), de manière que les rayons lumineux (R) soient émis vers l'avant suivant une direction globalement parallèle à l'axe optique (A-A).Signaling light (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the exit surface (26) is formed by a series of dioptres (52) which deflect the light rays (R) coming from the reflection surface (24), so that the light rays (R) are emitted towards the front in a direction generally parallel to the optical axis (AA). Feu de signalisation (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la surface d'entrée (22) est orientée vers l'arrière, et en ce que la surface de sortie (26) comporte au moins une partie annulaire (40) dont la génératrice décrit un angle d'inclinaison (α), par rapport à l'axe optique (A-A), tel que les rayons lumineux (R) émis par la source (14) se réfléchissent sur cette partie annulaire (40), selon le principe de la réflexion totale, vers la surface de réflexion (24). Signaling light (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the entry surface (22) is oriented towards the rear, and in that the exit surface (26) has at least one part annular (40) whose generator describes an angle of inclination (α), relative to the optical axis (AA), such that the light rays (R) emitted by the source (14) are reflected on this annular part ( 40), according to the principle of total reflection, towards the reflection surface (24). Feu de signalisation (10) selon la revendication précédente, prise en combinaison avec la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que la surface de sortie (26) comporte une partie centrale (42) globalement en forme de calotte sphérique convexe, dont le centre (C) est décalé axialement vers l'arrière, par rapport au centre (S) de la surface d'entrée (22), de manière que les rayons lumineux (R1), émis par la source (14), qui atteignent la partie centrale (42), se réfractent vers l'avant suivant une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe optique (A-A).Signaling light (10) according to the preceding claim, taken in combination with claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the exit surface (26) has a central part (42) generally in the form of a convex spherical cap, the center of which (C) is offset axially rearward, relative to the center (S) of the entry surface (22), so that the light rays (R1), emitted by the source (14), which reach the part central (42), refract forward in a direction substantially parallel to the optical axis (AA). Feu de signalisation (10) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la partie centrale (42) définit avec la source (14) un angle solide (β) de valeur déterminée, qui contient globalement les rayons lumineux (R1) dont l'angle d'inclinaison, par rapport à l'angle d'inclinaison de la génératrice de la partie annulaire (40), est insuffisant pour permettre leur réflexion totale sur la surface de sortie (26).Signaling light (10) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the central part (42) defines with the source (14) a solid angle (β) of determined value, which generally contains the light rays (R1) whose angle of inclination, relative to the angle of inclination of the generator of the annular part (40), is insufficient to allow their total reflection on the exit surface (26). Feu de signalisation (10) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la surface d'entrée (22) est orientée vers l'avant, et en ce que la surface de réflexion (24) comporte au moins une partie annulaire (47) dont la génératrice décrit un angle d'inclinaison, par rapport à l'axe optique (A-A), tel que les rayons lumineux (R) émis par la source (14) se réfléchissent sur cette partie annulaire (47), selon le principe de la réflexion totale, vers la surface de sortie (26).Signaling light (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that the entry surface (22) is oriented towards the front, and in that the reflection surface (24) comprises at least one annular part (47) whose generator describes an angle of inclination, relative to the optical axis (AA), such that the light rays (R) emitted by the source (14) are reflected on this annular part (47), according to the principle of total reflection, towards the exit surface (26).
EP03291049A 2002-05-31 2003-04-30 Signal light comprising an optical element for autonomously performing a signal function Expired - Lifetime EP1367318B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0206756 2002-05-31
FR0206756A FR2840388B1 (en) 2002-05-31 2002-05-31 SIGNAL LIGHT COMPRISING AN OPTICAL PART PROVIDING A SELF-CONTAINED SIGNALING FUNCTION

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EP1367318A1 true EP1367318A1 (en) 2003-12-03
EP1367318B1 EP1367318B1 (en) 2004-10-06

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EP (1) EP1367318B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004134357A (en)
AT (1) ATE278908T1 (en)
DE (1) DE60300076T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2229194T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2840388B1 (en)

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FR2840388B1 (en) 2004-07-30
US20040207993A1 (en) 2004-10-21
EP1367318B1 (en) 2004-10-06
DE60300076T2 (en) 2005-11-10
DE60300076D1 (en) 2004-11-11
JP2004134357A (en) 2004-04-30
ES2229194T3 (en) 2005-04-16
FR2840388A1 (en) 2003-12-05
ATE278908T1 (en) 2004-10-15

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