EP1366240A1 - Building element - Google Patents

Building element

Info

Publication number
EP1366240A1
EP1366240A1 EP02704751A EP02704751A EP1366240A1 EP 1366240 A1 EP1366240 A1 EP 1366240A1 EP 02704751 A EP02704751 A EP 02704751A EP 02704751 A EP02704751 A EP 02704751A EP 1366240 A1 EP1366240 A1 EP 1366240A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crack
face
inducing
inducing element
receive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02704751A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Roland Boeni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Construction Research and Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Construction Research and Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Construction Research and Technology GmbH filed Critical Construction Research and Technology GmbH
Publication of EP1366240A1 publication Critical patent/EP1366240A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/66—Sealings
    • E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
    • E04B1/6816—Porous tubular seals for injecting sealing material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C11/00—Details of pavings
    • E01C11/02—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints
    • E01C11/04—Arrangement or construction of joints; Methods of making joints; Packing for joints for cement concrete paving
    • E01C11/10—Packing of plastic or elastic materials, e.g. wood, resin
    • E01C11/106—Joints with only prefabricated packing; Packings therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/12—Flooring or floor layers made of masses in situ, e.g. seamless magnesite floors, terrazzo gypsum floors
    • E04F15/14—Construction of joints, e.g. dividing strips
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/612—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
    • E04B1/6166—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with protrusions on both frontal surfaces
    • E04B1/617—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with protrusions on both frontal surfaces with one protrusion on each frontal surface

Definitions

  • This invention relates to crack-inducing building elements.
  • a crack-inducing building element is an elongate element that is immersed in fluid concrete to predetermine where the hardened concrete will crack and to ensure that the crack which occurs can be sealed against the penetration of water.
  • crack-inducing building elements are inserted into the fluid concrete at appropriate intervals. These are elongate, essentially planar boards or profiles whose width is ideally at least one-half of the thickness of the slab and which extend completely across the width of the slab. These will determine where cracks will occur.
  • the crack-inducing elements are provided with sealing elements such as elastomeric sealing strips and waterproofing resin injection tubing.
  • the slab be thick, such that the thickness is more than twice the width of the element, it has hitherto proved difficult to join securely two such boards edge to edge in order that they exceed the minimum desired width of at least 50% of the slab thickness. Moreover, such an arrangement is difficult to keep waterproof.
  • the invention therefore provides a crack-inducing element which has the form of an elongate, essentially planar board having two faces and four edges, there being formed adjacent to each edge at least one pair of depressions, one of each pair being located on each face in substantially opposing positions, and adapted to receive one end of a fastener which is capable of fastening together two elements, each face additionally being adapted to receive waterproofing means.
  • the crack-inducing element according to the invention comprises an elongate, essentially planar board.
  • "essentially planar” includes the possibility of each face being slightly concave or convex, such that a transverse cross- section of the element has the form of a concave or convex lens.
  • the board may be completely planar.
  • the board may be constructed from any suitable material, a plastics material being particularly suitable.
  • the element may be solid or hollow, a hollow element having the advantage of being able to absorb a degree of concrete expansion, whereas the solid element has the advantages of simplicity and cheapness of manufacture.
  • Adjacent to each edge of the element are pairs of depressions, at least one pair per edge. One of each pair is located on each face in substantially opposing positions. These depressions are adapted to receive one end of a fastener, the other end of the fastener being able to be connected to a corresponding depression pair on another element, thus joining the two elements together.
  • each edge Preferably there should be adjacent to each edge more than one depression pair. More preferably, the depressions at each edge have the form of a continuous groove extending the entire length or width, or both of the entire length and width, of the element. This is not only simpler to manufacture but it also allows the use of as many (or as few) fasteners as desired. That part of the element between the outermost boundary of each groove and the corresponding edge is preferably less thick than the general thickness of the element and the edges of the element are preferably tapered or bevelled, so that the fasteners can more easily be placed.
  • fasteners are capable of being located into the depression pairs of adjacent elements which are to be joined, their nature is not narrowly critical and the skilled person will readily be able to perceive what is required in any given circumstance. While relatively complex variants (such as spring-loaded or screw-tightened clips) can be used, the preferred fasteners are one-piece, double-ended clips of resiUent material. These have the advantages of simplicity and cheapness.
  • a typical example is a clip having the form of an "H", the inner ends of the arms of the "H" bearing projections designed to fit into the depression pairs on the faces of the elements to be joined.
  • the element is adapted to receive waterproofing means.
  • the waterproofing means may be any such means known to the art, for example, a resilient strip of any suitable material, such as rubber or plastic. It may also be a length of injection tubing. This is tubing which is perforated with transverse holes along its length, these holes being covered by resilient strips that act as valves. Thus, a sealing resin may be injected through the tube but concrete cannot flow into and block the holes.
  • An example of a well-known commercial injection tubing is MASTERFLEX ® 900 tubing ex Master Builders Technologies.
  • the element may be adapted to receive such waterproofing means by any convenient means, for example, clips, holes or grooves, attached to or formed therein.
  • An especially convenient method of providing an element according to the invention with waterproofing means is a recess extending along the longitudinal axis of the element. Each element has two such recesses, one on each face.
  • the form of the recess is not critical. A particularly useful form is a concave groove.
  • the waterproofing means may be secured to the element by any suitable means, for example, adhesive, clips or fasteners, or by friction of tightly-fitting components.
  • a recess as hereinabove defined has a series of holes along its entire length and preferably to one side of its axis. These holes pass completely through the element to form a similar series of holes in the equivalent recess on the other face. This allows waterproofing strips or injection tubing to be mounted using, for example, plastics fasteners which wrap around the tubing and go through the element via the holes, being secured therein by, for example, expanding anchor heads on the fasteners.
  • the number of waterproofing means per element will depend on the nature of the means.
  • the waterproofing means is a strip of a material such as rubber, it is generally necessary to have such a strip on either side of the element.
  • the means is a resin injection tubing, a single tube on one side can often suffice, because, if the tubing is fixed in place by fasteners passing through holes in the element, as hereinabove described, the liquid sealing resin can flow around and through the element to seal both sides. The skilled person can readily ascertain what is needed in each individual case.
  • the great advantage of the elements of this invention is versatility. Elements can be clipped end to end, side to side or end to side, allowing a large variety of combinations. The elements are held tightly and firmly together and are easily assembled and placed. The cracks that inevitably occur when the concrete hardens can be made highly resistant to the entry of water, thus ensuring longer life of the concrete.
  • the invention therefore also provides a method of introducing a waterproofed crack into a poured concrete slab at a predetermined place by introducing into the concrete when it is still fluid at least one crack-inducing element which is selected from an individual element as hereinabove defined and a composite of at least two such joined elements, such that the element is at least half the thickness of the slab, said element being provided with waterproofing means.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of a preferred embodiment of an element according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a transverse section of two elements of the type shown in Figure 1, clipped together at their longitudinal edges.
  • An element generally indicated by 1 has edge portions 2 on all four edges which are less thick than the element and which edges have bevels 3 for easier clipping together.
  • Equidistantly located adjacent to each edge and running parallel to the edge is a groove of rectangular cross-section 4, four on each face, and each corresponding to a groove located on the same place on the opposite face.
  • Centrally located on and running down the longitudinal axis of each face is a concave recess 5.
  • a row of cylindrical holes 6 Lined down one side of this recess is a row of cylindrical holes 6, the holes going completely through the element and emerging in a similar position in the corresponding concave recess on the opposite face. These holes allow an injection tube to be clipped to the element.
  • the element has at each end a cutout 7, adapted to receive injection tubing, should the element be used to form a vertical slab.
  • a clip 8 depicted in Figure 2 holds two elements together. It has the form of an H with inwardly-pointing projections 9 at the ends of the H adapted to fit tightly into the grooves 4.
  • the clip is made of any suitable resilient material, such as nylon. Elements can be joined by simply snapping the clips over portion 3 or sliding them along the groove.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

A crack-inducing element (1) for use with fluid concrete has the form of an elongate, essentially planar board having two faces and four edges. There is formed adjacent to each edge at least one pair of depressions (4), one of each pair on each face in substantially opposing positions and adapted to receive one end of a double-ended fastener (8) which holds two adjacent elements together. Each face additionally is adapted to receive waterproofing means, preferably by means of a longitudinal, axial depression (5) with a series of holes (6) along its entire length. The elements are easy and inexpensive to manufacture, and easy to use and effective in practice.

Description

BUILDING ELEMENT
This invention relates to crack-inducing building elements.
A crack-inducing building element is an elongate element that is immersed in fluid concrete to predetermine where the hardened concrete will crack and to ensure that the crack which occurs can be sealed against the penetration of water.
It is impossible to avoid cracking in large slabs of concrete which are formed in situ by pouring fluid concrete into moulds - as the concrete dries and hardens, cracks form.
The best way to avoid cracks is to pour a series of relatively small slabs with sealing elements between them - the smaller the slab, the smaller the danger of cracking.
However, it is often desirable for reasons of speed and economy to pour a large slab. To counter the fact that such a slab will inevitably crack on drying, crack-inducing building elements are inserted into the fluid concrete at appropriate intervals. These are elongate, essentially planar boards or profiles whose width is ideally at least one-half of the thickness of the slab and which extend completely across the width of the slab. These will determine where cracks will occur. To prevent penetration of water into the slab via the resulting crack, the crack-inducing elements are provided with sealing elements such as elastomeric sealing strips and waterproofing resin injection tubing.
Many different varieties of crack-inducing elements are known and have been successfully used in industry. However, there remains a major problem in the art, namely, that it is difficult to combine two or more of these art-recognised elements to give a composite element with the necessary integrity. For example, should the width of the slab be greater than the length of the strip, it has not been possible up to now satisfactorily to join these elements together. Various joining components have been tried, typical examples being double-sided elastomeric end caps shaped to conform to the cross-section of the element. It has been found that the connection made is often not sufficiently rigid. Similarly, should the slab be thick, such that the thickness is more than twice the width of the element, it has hitherto proved difficult to join securely two such boards edge to edge in order that they exceed the minimum desired width of at least 50% of the slab thickness. Moreover, such an arrangement is difficult to keep waterproof.
It has now been found that a particular structure of crack-inducing element substantially or completely avoids these problems. The invention therefore provides a crack-inducing element which has the form of an elongate, essentially planar board having two faces and four edges, there being formed adjacent to each edge at least one pair of depressions, one of each pair being located on each face in substantially opposing positions, and adapted to receive one end of a fastener which is capable of fastening together two elements, each face additionally being adapted to receive waterproofing means.
The crack-inducing element according to the invention comprises an elongate, essentially planar board. For the purposes of this invention, "essentially planar" includes the possibility of each face being slightly concave or convex, such that a transverse cross- section of the element has the form of a concave or convex lens. However, for simplicity of manufacture, it is preferred that the board be completely planar. The board may be constructed from any suitable material, a plastics material being particularly suitable. The element may be solid or hollow, a hollow element having the advantage of being able to absorb a degree of concrete expansion, whereas the solid element has the advantages of simplicity and cheapness of manufacture.
Adjacent to each edge of the element are pairs of depressions, at least one pair per edge. One of each pair is located on each face in substantially opposing positions. These depressions are adapted to receive one end of a fastener, the other end of the fastener being able to be connected to a corresponding depression pair on another element, thus joining the two elements together.
Preferably there should be adjacent to each edge more than one depression pair. More preferably, the depressions at each edge have the form of a continuous groove extending the entire length or width, or both of the entire length and width, of the element. This is not only simpler to manufacture but it also allows the use of as many (or as few) fasteners as desired. That part of the element between the outermost boundary of each groove and the corresponding edge is preferably less thick than the general thickness of the element and the edges of the element are preferably tapered or bevelled, so that the fasteners can more easily be placed.
Provided that the fasteners are capable of being located into the depression pairs of adjacent elements which are to be joined, their nature is not narrowly critical and the skilled person will readily be able to perceive what is required in any given circumstance. While relatively complex variants (such as spring-loaded or screw-tightened clips) can be used, the preferred fasteners are one-piece, double-ended clips of resiUent material. These have the advantages of simplicity and cheapness. A typical example is a clip having the form of an "H", the inner ends of the arms of the "H" bearing projections designed to fit into the depression pairs on the faces of the elements to be joined.
The element is adapted to receive waterproofing means. The waterproofing means may be any such means known to the art, for example, a resilient strip of any suitable material, such as rubber or plastic. It may also be a length of injection tubing. This is tubing which is perforated with transverse holes along its length, these holes being covered by resilient strips that act as valves. Thus, a sealing resin may be injected through the tube but concrete cannot flow into and block the holes. An example of a well-known commercial injection tubing is MASTERFLEX® 900 tubing ex Master Builders Technologies.
The element may be adapted to receive such waterproofing means by any convenient means, for example, clips, holes or grooves, attached to or formed therein. An especially convenient method of providing an element according to the invention with waterproofing means is a recess extending along the longitudinal axis of the element. Each element has two such recesses, one on each face. The form of the recess is not critical. A particularly useful form is a concave groove.
The waterproofing means may be secured to the element by any suitable means, for example, adhesive, clips or fasteners, or by friction of tightly-fitting components. In one preferred embodiment of the invention, a recess as hereinabove defined has a series of holes along its entire length and preferably to one side of its axis. These holes pass completely through the element to form a similar series of holes in the equivalent recess on the other face. This allows waterproofing strips or injection tubing to be mounted using, for example, plastics fasteners which wrap around the tubing and go through the element via the holes, being secured therein by, for example, expanding anchor heads on the fasteners.
The number of waterproofing means per element will depend on the nature of the means. For example, if the waterproofing means is a strip of a material such as rubber, it is generally necessary to have such a strip on either side of the element. If the means is a resin injection tubing, a single tube on one side can often suffice, because, if the tubing is fixed in place by fasteners passing through holes in the element, as hereinabove described, the liquid sealing resin can flow around and through the element to seal both sides. The skilled person can readily ascertain what is needed in each individual case.
The great advantage of the elements of this invention is versatility. Elements can be clipped end to end, side to side or end to side, allowing a large variety of combinations. The elements are held tightly and firmly together and are easily assembled and placed. The cracks that inevitably occur when the concrete hardens can be made highly resistant to the entry of water, thus ensuring longer life of the concrete. The invention therefore also provides a method of introducing a waterproofed crack into a poured concrete slab at a predetermined place by introducing into the concrete when it is still fluid at least one crack-inducing element which is selected from an individual element as hereinabove defined and a composite of at least two such joined elements, such that the element is at least half the thickness of the slab, said element being provided with waterproofing means.
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings, which depict schematically a preferred embodiment. Figure 1 is a plan view of a preferred embodiment of an element according to the invention.
Figure 2 is a transverse section of two elements of the type shown in Figure 1, clipped together at their longitudinal edges.
An element, generally indicated by 1 has edge portions 2 on all four edges which are less thick than the element and which edges have bevels 3 for easier clipping together. Equidistantly located adjacent to each edge and running parallel to the edge is a groove of rectangular cross-section 4, four on each face, and each corresponding to a groove located on the same place on the opposite face. Centrally located on and running down the longitudinal axis of each face is a concave recess 5. Lined down one side of this recess is a row of cylindrical holes 6, the holes going completely through the element and emerging in a similar position in the corresponding concave recess on the opposite face. These holes allow an injection tube to be clipped to the element. In addition, the element has at each end a cutout 7, adapted to receive injection tubing, should the element be used to form a vertical slab.
A clip 8 depicted in Figure 2 holds two elements together. It has the form of an H with inwardly-pointing projections 9 at the ends of the H adapted to fit tightly into the grooves 4. The clip is made of any suitable resilient material, such as nylon. Elements can be joined by simply snapping the clips over portion 3 or sliding them along the groove.

Claims

Claims:
1. A crack-inducing element which has the form of an elongate, essentially planar board having two faces and four edges, there being formed adjacent to each edge at least one pair of depressions, one of each pair being located on each face in substantially opposing positions and adapted to receive one end of a fastener that is capable of fastening together two elements, each face additionally being adapted to receive waterproofing means.
2. A crack-inducing element according to claim 1, in which there are at least two pairs of depressions per edge.
3. A crack-inducing element according to claim 1, in which each depression consists of a continuous groove close to and parallel to each edge.
4. A crack-inducing element according to any one of claims 1-3, in which the element is adapted to receive wateφroofing means by the provision therein on each face of a longitudinal, axial recess into which wateφroofing means can be securely fitted.
5. A crack-inducing element according to claim 4, in which secure fitting is by means of a series of holes lying within the recess, and preferably to one side of its axis, and spaced along its entire length, the holes passing completely through the element to form a similar series of holes in the corresponding recess on the opposite face.
6. A crack-inducing element according to any one of claims 1-4, in which the wateφroofing means is injection tubing fixed to the element.
7. A method of introducing a wateφroofed crack into a poured concrete slab at a predetermined place by introducing into the concrete when it is still fluid at least one crack-inducing element that is selected from an individual element as hereinabove defined and a composite of at least two such joined elements, such that the element or composite is at least half the thickness of the slab and extends completely across the slab, said element or composite being provided with wateφroofing means.
EP02704751A 2001-03-09 2002-03-04 Building element Withdrawn EP1366240A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0105832 2001-03-09
GB0105832A GB0105832D0 (en) 2001-03-09 2001-03-09 Building element
PCT/EP2002/002737 WO2002072959A1 (en) 2001-03-09 2002-03-04 Building element

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1366240A1 true EP1366240A1 (en) 2003-12-03

Family

ID=9910317

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02704751A Withdrawn EP1366240A1 (en) 2001-03-09 2002-03-04 Building element

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1366240A1 (en)
GB (1) GB0105832D0 (en)
WO (1) WO2002072959A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110924702A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-03-27 中国三冶集团有限公司 Hole plugging device for brick-concrete or prefabricated part and operation method thereof

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4815886A (en) * 1987-11-20 1989-03-28 Madsen Evan L Expansion joint for concrete and method for use
DE29605494U1 (en) * 1996-03-25 1996-06-05 EK Bauwerkabdichtung von Glasenapp GmbH, 85609 Aschheim Sollriß joint rail

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO02072959A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110924702A (en) * 2019-11-28 2020-03-27 中国三冶集团有限公司 Hole plugging device for brick-concrete or prefabricated part and operation method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0105832D0 (en) 2001-04-25
WO2002072959A1 (en) 2002-09-19

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