EP1361308A1 - Geprägtes Tissue mit abstehenden Oberflächenfasern und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung - Google Patents

Geprägtes Tissue mit abstehenden Oberflächenfasern und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1361308A1
EP1361308A1 EP02010577A EP02010577A EP1361308A1 EP 1361308 A1 EP1361308 A1 EP 1361308A1 EP 02010577 A EP02010577 A EP 02010577A EP 02010577 A EP02010577 A EP 02010577A EP 1361308 A1 EP1361308 A1 EP 1361308A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tissue
paper
embossing
regions
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02010577A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Klaus Hilbig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Procter and Gamble Co
Original Assignee
Procter and Gamble Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Procter and Gamble Co filed Critical Procter and Gamble Co
Priority to EP02010577A priority Critical patent/EP1361308A1/de
Priority to DE60320711T priority patent/DE60320711D1/de
Priority to AT03009391T priority patent/ATE394542T1/de
Priority to ES03009391T priority patent/ES2305368T3/es
Priority to EP03009391A priority patent/EP1365068B1/de
Priority to PCT/US2003/014105 priority patent/WO2003097933A1/en
Priority to AU2003234495A priority patent/AU2003234495B2/en
Priority to CNB038097141A priority patent/CN1311130C/zh
Priority to JP2004505439A priority patent/JP2005525203A/ja
Priority to PL03371852A priority patent/PL371852A1/xx
Priority to MXPA04010678A priority patent/MXPA04010678A/es
Priority to US10/430,918 priority patent/US20040003905A1/en
Priority to CA 2484696 priority patent/CA2484696C/en
Priority to TW092113090A priority patent/TW200502464A/zh
Publication of EP1361308A1 publication Critical patent/EP1361308A1/de
Priority to HK06101543A priority patent/HK1084984A1/xx
Priority to US12/774,829 priority patent/US20100212848A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00—Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/14—Making cellulose wadding, filter or blotting paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/07—Embossing, i.e. producing impressions formed by locally deep-drawing, e.g. using rolls provided with complementary profiles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0707—Embossing by tools working continuously
    • B31F2201/0715—The tools being rollers
    • B31F2201/0723—Characteristics of the rollers
    • B31F2201/0725—Hardness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0707—Embossing by tools working continuously
    • B31F2201/0715—The tools being rollers
    • B31F2201/0723—Characteristics of the rollers
    • B31F2201/0728—Material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0758—Characteristics of the embossed product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0758—Characteristics of the embossed product
    • B31F2201/0761—Multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F2201/00—Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material
    • B31F2201/07—Embossing
    • B31F2201/0784—Auxiliary operations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to paper tissues and paper tissue products, and in particular to disposable handkerchiefs, kitchen paper towels, toilet paper and facial tissues.
  • the invention relates to paper tissue product exhibiting a soft and smooth surface, and a high bulkiness together with a high strength, in order to provide to the user an enhanced functionality and a high degree of comfort during usage.
  • the present invention also relates to the process of making paper tissue and paper tissue products, and in particular to disposable handkerchiefs, kitchen paper towels, toilet paper and facial tissues, presenting the characteristics mentioned above and including the process steps of embossing and brushing of the surface of the tissue.
  • Paper tissues sometimes called paper webs or sheets, tissues, tissue layers, paper plies or paper tissue webs, and products made there from, such as paper handkerchiefs, paper kitchen towel or toilet paper, find extensive use in modern society and are well known in the art.
  • Paper tissues are generally made by the layering of cellulose fibers, in a wet form, onto a screen, with the addition of various additives or other ingredients, followed by a drying step. Other process steps, before, during or after the above-mentioned paper making steps are targeted at giving the desired properties to the tissue. Converting steps are aimed at creating a finished product from the paper tissue(s).
  • Products made from paper tissues can be made by the association of multiple layers of tissues, also called plies, or can comprise a single tissue layer (single ply products). Those plies can be combined and held together in multiple ways to form the finished product, for example by embossing of the multi-ply structure or/and by gluing.
  • the finished products are herein referred to as paper tissue products.
  • Softness and smoothness relate to the tactile sensation perceived by the consumer when holding a particular product, rubbing it across the skin, or crumpling it within the hands.
  • the tactile sensation is a combination of several physical properties.
  • the tactile sensation can be well captured by the objective parameter of the physiological surface smoothness (PSS) parameter as known e.g. from US 5,855,738.
  • PSS physiological surface smoothness
  • As important for the tactile sensation of consumers is the thickness/calliper of a tissue product also called bulkiness.
  • Strength is the ability of the product to maintain physical integrity and to resist tearing, bursting, and shredding under conventional use conditions.
  • Absorbency is the measure of the ability of a tissue or product to absorb quantities of liquid, particularly aqueous solutions or dispersions. Overall absorbency as perceived by the consumer is generally considered to be a combination of the total quantity of a liquid a given mass of paper tissue or product will absorb at saturation as well as the rate at which the mass absorbs the liquid.
  • TempoTM sold by The Procter & Gamble Company
  • a high calliper conveys the idea of high dry and wet strength to the consumer.
  • a high wet strength also referred to as wet burst strength, in particular prevents tearing or bursting which for a paper handkerchief in turn results in contamination of the user's hand with mucus or other body fluids.
  • a common way to enhance the smoothness of the tissue surface is to calender the material.
  • US-5'855'738 by Weisman et al. describes a calendering step that helps in the manufacture of a smooth high-density tissue. This manufacturing step flattens the surface of the tissue, thus re-orienting and re-bonding the paper fibers at the surface of the paper web.
  • calendering reduces considerably the caliper of the paper web, impairing the desired bulkiness of the final product.
  • the present invention responds to that need.
  • the present invention relates to paper tissues comprising cellulose fibers.
  • the tissues have a first and a second surface, and an embossing pattern, which form raised regions surrounded by depressed regions on the first surface. The regions coincide with the respective opposite regions on the second surface of the tissue.
  • the first surface has extending fibers, which have a first and a second end, with the first end being un-bonded to the tissue and the second end being bonded to the tissue.
  • the unbounded ends of the extending fibers are obtainable by brushing of the first surface, such that there are more extending fibers in the raised regions than in the depressed regions.
  • the present invention also relates to paper products such as handkerchiefs, paper towels, facials and toilet papers, made of one or more of the tissues of the above.
  • the present invention also relates to the process for making a paper tissue according to the above.
  • the process comprises the steps of
  • the present invention provides a paper tissue exhibiting a high level of surface smoothness and softness, a high strength and a high bulkiness. These apparently competing characteristics have been combined by following the concept of the present invention.
  • the concept behind the present invention can in particular be described as to create a paper tissue surface, which is not uniform and presents the desired characteristics in separate regions:
  • the present invention is specifically concerned with the steps known in the art as “converting steps”, in which a paper tissue, made by any suitable “paper making process”, is provided.
  • one preferred embossing step is a so-called micro-embossing or stretch embossing step, also called stretch deformation, as described in the European patent application EP01103798.3 by K. Hilbig, M. Liplijn and H. Reinheimer, filed on Feb 16 2001, in which a very fine pattern is embossed using a low pressure.
  • Embossing can be carried out on one tissue, such as reference numeral (13) of figures 3,4,or 5 or reference numeral (2), (3), (4) of figures 1 and 2.
  • embossing can be carried out on a multi-ply entity, such as reference numeral (1) of figure 1.
  • reference numeral (13) of figures 3 is described below as a tissue (i.e. a single-ply entity), but the skilled person understands that it can be replaced by a multi-ply entity such as reference numeral (1) of figure 1, without deviating from the present invention.
  • embossing of a paper tissue such as those of figures 1 and 2, under reference numerals (2) (3), (4), or embossing of a multi-ply entity, such as the one of figure 1 under reference numeral (1), is generally achieved by passing the tissue or the multiply entity (reference numeral (13) of figure 3) through the nip (8) formed between two embossing rolls (9) (10), at least one embossing roll (9) comprising embossing elements (12).
  • An embossing roll typically comprises a smooth surface.
  • Embossing elements (12) are protrusions raising above this surface and having a certain height as measured in a radial direction of the axis of the embossing roll above the smooth roll surface to the utmost point of the protrusion. Embossing elements also have width in a direction parallel to the roll axis and a length in a radial direction.
  • the term width and length as used herein can be the diameter of a round embossing element. Such a diameter needs not be constant from the bottom of the embossing element to its top.
  • the largest width of an embossing element is on said smooth surface.
  • the embossing elements (12) can have any shape, such as pyramidal or half spherical, and the cross section of the embossing elements can be circular, oval or square.
  • the embossing elements may form a continuous pattern, but preferably are distinct from each other, such as the smooth surface of the roll forms a continuous plane.
  • the embossing elements (12) are disposed over at least one embossing roll in a very fine pattern, comprising at least 30 embossing elements, preferably at least 50, more preferably at least 60, yet more preferably at least 70, most preferably at least 80 embossing elements per square centimetre surface area of the embossing roll.
  • the embossing elements are not high, preferably they have a height of less than 1 mm, more preferably less than 0.8 mm, yet more preferably less than 0.6 mm, yet even more preferably less than 0.5 mm or less than 0.4 mm, and most preferably less than 0.3 mm.
  • the stretch embossing has a ratio of embossed areas to un-embossed areas from 5% - 95%, more preferably 20% to 80% and most preferably 40% - 60%, i.e. for the most preferred case 40% - 60% of the total surface area of the tissue paper are embossed.
  • embossing roll and mode of operation of such roll is within the scope of the present invention.
  • two hard metal, e.g. steel, embossing rolls can be used, wherein a first roll comprises protruding embossing elements, referred to as the male roll, and a second roll comprises matching recesses, referred to a the female roll.
  • the recesses may be mirror images of the protruding embossing elements or may be adapted to be slightly smaller than exact mirror images, eg. due to a slight difference in size or shape (eg. slope) of those recesses in the female roll. It is also possible to use so called pin-to-pin embossing where two rolls are used with matching protrusions.
  • first embossing roll comprising a web contacting surface provided from a hard metal comprising protruding embossing elements and a second roll comprising a web contacting surface comprising a softer material, eg. rubber, preferably a material of Shore A hardness 40-70, in which recesses are formed upon sufficiently close contact with the protruding embossing elements.
  • the size of the nip formed between the two embossing rolls is to be adapted depending eg. on the tissue paper to be processed and depending on the embossing pattern used. Also depending on those considerations no pressure or some pressure may be applied to urge the first embossing roll and the second embossing roll together.
  • the rolls When two hard metal rolls are employed in the process, a male and a female role, the rolls should be operated so as to leave a space corresponding to 60% to 140%, preferably 80% - 120% of the calliper of the un-embossed tissue paper between the protruding embossing elements of the male role and the bottom of the recesses of the female role.
  • the rolls When a hard metal roll is used in combination with a rubber roll, the rolls should be pressed against each other with a pressure of 10 N/square centimetre to 1000 N/square centimetre, preferably 20 N/square centimetre to 200 N/square centimetre and most preferably 50 N/square centimetre to 100 N/square centimetre.
  • embossing rolls are not heated and run at the same speed, but in alternative modes of operation at least one roll may be heated and the rolls may run at unequal speed.
  • embossing with a fine pattern in one important aspect serves to increase the caliper, or in other words the bulk of the paper tissue. Therefore, in a preferred mode of the present invention a single tissue is passed through the embossing nip (figure 3, (8)). In alternative modes of operation a multitude of plies of paper tissues may be passed through the nip (figure 3, (8)) at the same time. This will results in embossments which initially match or nest between the tissues.
  • the brushing of the paper tissue(s) is preferably performed after the embossing step, but can also be considered as an independent step provided it delivers the intended result described.
  • brush and brushing are being used in the present document as an example, but without limiting the scope of this invention.
  • any tool, equipment or means able to provide the desired modification on the surface and structure of the paper tissue i.e. to lift fiber ends up without complete detachment.
  • Conventionally such means include any type of abrasive surface such as those provided by the bristles of a brush or by sand paper.
  • Useful structures providing abrasive functionability can be made from natural or artificial materials such as foam, metal or polymers.
  • To create the desired abrasion a relative movement between the surface of the paper tissue and mean of abrasion is preferably needed.
  • chemical, optical, or physical processes resulting in the described modification of the surface and/or structure of the tissue are optionally considered within the present invention.
  • the modification on the surface and structure of the paper tissue is achieved with a rotating tool which is in abrasive contact with the surface of the tissue(s), most preferably a brush cylinder comprising brushing bristles along its full circumference is used.
  • the bristles can be polymeric but are preferably from natural origins such as animal hair or fur, for better electrostatic performance.
  • the brushing step can be performed on one side of the paper tissue or on both, depending on the intended benefits desired, by a combination of one, two or more brushes.
  • one brush cylinder is applied to each tissue side.
  • the embodiment of the invention is described in the following with one brush cylinder (identified in the figure 3 by the reference numeral 11) acting on one tissue side.
  • Alternative sets-up can be practiced also.
  • 2 or more brushes acting on the same tissue side, brushing of the first and second surfaces simultaneously or consecutively are envisioned.
  • the tissue fibers are generally bonded by hydrogen bridges to each other during the tissue making, drying or subsequent calendering at a multitude of points where the fibers intersect. It is the inventor's believe that, during the brushing step, the paper fibers are provided with sufficient energy to break some of the hydrogen bonds linking the fibers together and insuring the cohesion of the paper structure. This energy is provided by the tear force or shear force of the individual bristles when colliding with the fibers.
  • the inventors believe that the energy must be sufficient to break some of the bond between the fibers but low enough not to break all of the bonds which would provoke a complete dislocation of the fibers from tissue surface (also known as linting), and to not break the fiber structure itself.
  • extending fibers (7) as shown in figures 2 and 5 are created, i.e. fibers having one fiber end still bonded to other.fibers while the other fiber end is freed, and able to raise above the surface of the tissue.
  • These extending fibers (7) are key to provide tactile smoothness and softness to the tissue.
  • the process according to the present invention is targeted to preferably loosen or free only one end of the fibers by breaking their bonds to the other fibers at one end. It is however observed that the brushing step also induces inevitably a complete release of some complete fibers or fiber breakage. These fibers or pieces of fibers should be removed from the tissue thereby helping to reduce linting. They can be recycled.
  • Figure 3 first a tissue web (13) is provided, usually unwound from a roll of tissue web. The tissue web (13) is guided to an embossing station where the tissue web is guided through a nip (8) between two embossing rolls (9), (10).
  • the tissue (13), after embossing is then guided toward a brushing station where at least one side is exposed to a brushing cylinder (11).
  • the brushing cylinder can be operated to rotate so that its surface moves with or against the tissue movement or simply stands still.
  • the setting of the equipment, particularly the brushing cylinder such as rotation speed, distance of the brush to the tissue web, extend of wrapping of the tissue web around the brush, and the design of the brush, such as the nature of the bristles, their length, the bending moment of the bristles, the density and the diameter of the bristles, the treatment or coating of the bristles, are optimized to deliver the best results for the quality of the paper tissue after brushing (analyzed by strength, smoothness, softness and bulk of the tissue), the stability of the process, and the life of the equipment.
  • the brushing step is preferably performed with only the inherent force of the moving paper tissue web acting on the brush, i.e. without the use of a counter-roll or counter-surface to apply pressure and/or guide the paper tissue onto the brush. Only the tension of the paper tissue web and to a much lesser extend the own weigh of the paper tissue applies a pressure on the rotating brush (11), as shown in figure 3.
  • some of the brushes may, or may not, be positioned in such a way that they brush the 2 sides of the paper web simultaneously.
  • the brush rotate in the direction of the web movement on the converting line. Opposite direction is however also contemplated.
  • the speed of the brushing cylinder relatively to the tissue web surface is higher than 1'000m/min (linear velocity of point of contact to the paper web), more preferably more than 1'500 m/min, most preferably more than 2'000 m/min and further most preferably more than 3'000m/min.
  • the brush (figure 3, reference (11)) as used in the present invention can be of very wide nature and design, including synthetic, metallic or natural hair, over a wide range of dimension and density.
  • brushes made of horsehair have been used, as sold by Mink GmbH (Goeppingen, Germany) under the reference ZZB12528-K2509.
  • Such brushes are used conventionally in the treatment of textiles.
  • the brush is substantially circular and operates by rotation around one axis.
  • the inventors contemplate as being part of the present invention; the use of other types of brushes (for example, fixed brushes or brushes operating by translation of the brush surface or abrasive surface over the surface of the paper tissue), provided the action of the brush induces the described modification on the surface and structure of the paper tissue.
  • the embossed paper tissue web is wrapped around two brush rolls without being fixed on a guide roll.
  • Each brushing roll brushes one surface of the tissue.
  • the travel distance of the paper tissue on the surface of the brush i.e. the wrapping of the paper tissue around the brush or in other words, length of contact between the brush and the paper tissue
  • this length can vary over a wide range. It has been found useful to set this length to less than 20cm, preferably less than 5cm, most preferably less than 1cm, although a wider range of length is contemplated.
  • the present invention contemplates a preferred orientation of the paper web on the brush.
  • the paper tissue or the brush are orientated as such as the short fibers of the paper tissue are brought to contact wit the brush.
  • the short fibers present less bonding to each other. It is thus easier to loosen more fiber ends out of short fiber side than out of long fiber side of a tissue.
  • the brushing step of a paper tissue tends to increase its caliper and increases in the range of 1 to 25% have been measured, averaging to about 5%.
  • this increase in caliper, leading to a high bulk is additive to the caliper increase created by the embossment step, preferably the stretch deformation process step.
  • the stretch deformation itself generally adds about 50% to 200% of caliper to the paper tissue, according to the European patent application EP01103798.3 supra.
  • One advantage of the present invention in comparison to the process described in European patent application EP01103798.3 supra, is the possibility to eliminate the conventional calendering step after the stretch deformation step.
  • This conventional calendaring generally results in a decrease of the stretch deformed paper tissue caliper, which led to a total caliper increase (after both steps: stretch deformation and smooth calendering) of 10% to 100%.
  • the elimination of the calendering after the embossing but the use of brushing allows achieving an exceptionally high-end caliper of the treated tissue web, in the range of 51% to 225% in the examples given above.
  • the tissue (13) of figures 3, 4, 5 has been previously submitted to an embossing step, most preferably the micro-embossing (or stretch embossing or stretch deformation step) described under the "Embossing" headline in this document.
  • the paper tissue (13) enters the brushing step being an essentially non-flat surface, i.e. presenting raised regions (6) and depressed regions (5), relatively to each other, created by the embossing step.
  • This delivers the intended results of creating a paper tissue with a high degree of softness and smoothness (provided in particular by the extending fibers of the raised regions), a high strength (in particular provided by the network of unaltered depressed regions) and bulkiness (provided by the presence of raised and depressed regions).
  • the method for making a paper product according to the present invention may comprise a number of further optional steps. Some examples, not limiting in their scope, function or nature are given below:
  • a lotion may be applied to the tissue by any suitable means, such as, but not limited to printing or spraying, onto one or more surfaces of the paper tissue or paper product, or a portion of these surfaces
  • Juxtaposed plies of the paper tissue may be joined so as to provide a multi-ply paper product, preferably by attachment embossing.
  • attachment embossing refers to an embossing by which all plies of a multi-ply product according to the present invention are embossed in one process step.
  • attachment embossing has been described by H. Reinheimer, K. Hilbig and W. Schmitt in WO-95/27429.
  • the attachment embossing does not or at least not to a large extent affects the smoothness of any calendered tissue.
  • the paper product has an un-embossed surface over a major part of the surface area of the tissue, preferably on the first and the second surface.
  • the tissue has one or more regions not comprising an attachment embossing and, optionally, one or more regions comprising an attachment embossing, and that the region not comprising an attachment embossing is at least 50%, preferably at least 80% and in some preferred embodiments as much as 99%, of the surface area of the tissue.
  • the regions comprising an attachment embossing lie close to the edge of the tissue (for example along two or four edges). Attachment embossing may also be used for decorative purposes (for example to create a pattern or to spell out a logo or brand name).
  • Attachment embossing is preferably done by steel-to-steel pin-to-pin embossing and with 10 to 40 embossing elements per square-centimetre having a height from 0.01 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm.
  • the percentage of attachment embossed areas to un-embossed or fine embossed areas of the total surface area of a paper tissue product is preferably 0.01% to 5%.
  • Attachment embossing involves as substantive densification of the paper tissue products as to achieve the attachment. Therefore the nip or space between one embossing element and its counterpart, eg.
  • two pins where pin-to-pin embossing is employed is less that the calliper of the paper tissue to be embossed, typically 5% to 50%, preferably 10% to 20% of the calliper of the paper tissue to be embossed, which leads to embossing pressures of 10 000 to 50 000 N/square-centimetre.
  • the method of the present invention may further comprise a step of sizing the paper tissue web or paper product to the desired dimensions.
  • the paper products according to the present invention may be provided with functional or aesthetic indicia.
  • the indicia may be applied to either or both of the surfaces of the paper products.
  • the indicia may cover all or part of the paper products and be applied in a continuous or discontinuous pattern.
  • the indicia may be applied to the paper tissue products by any means well known in the art, such as spraying, extruding, and preferably printing.
  • a piece of paper tissue according to the present invention is cut from a paper tissue web and presents a non-uniform surface, obtainable for example by a process step of micro-embossing. It has typically 30 to 100 depressed regions per cm 2 and the depressed regions have typically a depth of less than 260 ⁇ and typically a diameter of more than 20 ⁇ .
  • the thickness of the tissue depends highly on the manufacturing process and is typically 100 ⁇ . per native paper tissue ply, 150 ⁇ to 200 ⁇ when embossed or stretch deformed. This results in about 400 ⁇ to 500 ⁇ when 3 plies are combined (after embossing) to form a finished product.
  • the dimensions of the paper tissue are not relevant as it depends almost only on the setting of the cutting equipment on a manufacturing machine.
  • the raised regions (6) of the paper tissue (13) show extending fibers (7), visible under a microscope or magnifier lens.
  • the ends of the fibers are non-bonded to the other fibers and thus have the ability to stick out of the surface of the paper tissue.
  • extending fibers are believed to provide the particular characteristics, according to the present invention, which are responsible for the benefits described above, in particular softness, smoothness and bulkiness of a tissue.
  • the strength characteristics of the tissue is substantially not altered because the number of extending fibers in the depressed regions is smaller than in the raised regions.
  • the present invention in general encompasses any tissue (13) having raised (6) and depressed regions (5), which present generally more extending fibers (7) in the raised regions (6) than in the depressed regions (5).
  • the invention is preferably practiced with at least 20 % more extending fibers in the raised region than in the depressed regions, more preferably at least 50% and most preferably at least 80%.
  • Counting of the extending fibers can be made under light magnification (for example 10 times magnifier lens) by estimating the density or the number of extending fibers or by numerical counting of those, both in the raised regions and in the depressed regions.
  • the handkerchiefs are constituted typically of 3 to 4 plies of paper tissues.
  • the handkerchief has a basis weigh of about 50 to 80 g/sqm (i.e. about 18 g/sqm per ply) and a caliper of 400 ⁇ . to 600 ⁇ (about 140 ⁇ per ply).
  • the plies are linked together by a particular embossing, according to WO95/27429, and possibly gluing, which keeps the plies together and enable the design of a particular pattern at the surface of the paper handkerchief.
  • the 2 outside surfaces of the handkerchiefs (after combining the plies) have unbounded fiber ends in the raised regions of the tissues in accordance with the present invention.
  • the other surfaces of the tissues (inwardly oriented surfaces of the outside tissue and internal tissue's surfaces) present raised regions and depressed regions providing bulkiness and caliper, but an about equal quantity of unbounded fibers on the raised and depressed regions.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sanitary Thin Papers (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
EP02010577A 2002-05-10 2002-05-10 Geprägtes Tissue mit abstehenden Oberflächenfasern und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Withdrawn EP1361308A1 (de)

Priority Applications (16)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02010577A EP1361308A1 (de) 2002-05-10 2002-05-10 Geprägtes Tissue mit abstehenden Oberflächenfasern und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE60320711T DE60320711D1 (de) 2002-05-10 2003-04-25 Geprägtes Tissue mit abstehenden Oberflächenfasern und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
AT03009391T ATE394542T1 (de) 2002-05-10 2003-04-25 Geprägtes tissue mit abstehenden oberflächenfasern und verfahren zu dessen herstellung
ES03009391T ES2305368T3 (es) 2002-05-10 2003-04-25 Tisu estampado en relieve que tiene fibras superficiales sueltas y metodo para su produccion.
EP03009391A EP1365068B1 (de) 2002-05-10 2003-04-25 Geprägtes Tissue mit abstehenden Oberflächenfasern und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
CNB038097141A CN1311130C (zh) 2002-05-10 2003-05-07 具有松表面纤维的压花薄纸及其生产方法
AU2003234495A AU2003234495B2 (en) 2002-05-10 2003-05-07 Embossed tissue having loosened surface fibers and method for its production
PCT/US2003/014105 WO2003097933A1 (en) 2002-05-10 2003-05-07 Embossed tissue having loosened surface fibers and method for its production
JP2004505439A JP2005525203A (ja) 2002-05-10 2003-05-07 束縛されていない表面繊維を有するエンボス加工ティッシュ及びその生産方法
PL03371852A PL371852A1 (en) 2002-05-10 2003-05-07 Embossed tissue having loosened surface fibers and method for its production
MXPA04010678A MXPA04010678A (es) 2002-05-10 2003-05-07 Papel tisu grabado que tiene fibras superficiales sueltas y metodo para su fabricacion.
US10/430,918 US20040003905A1 (en) 2002-05-10 2003-05-07 Micro fiber textured paper tissue and method of making it
CA 2484696 CA2484696C (en) 2002-05-10 2003-05-07 Embossed tissue having loosened surface fibers and method for its production
TW092113090A TW200502464A (en) 2002-05-10 2003-05-14 Micro fiber textured paper tissue and method of making it
HK06101543A HK1084984A1 (en) 2002-05-10 2006-02-03 Embossed tissue having loosened surface fibers andmethod for its production
US12/774,829 US20100212848A1 (en) 2002-05-10 2010-05-06 Micro fiber textured paper tissue and method of making it

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02010577A EP1361308A1 (de) 2002-05-10 2002-05-10 Geprägtes Tissue mit abstehenden Oberflächenfasern und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1361308A1 true EP1361308A1 (de) 2003-11-12

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EP02010577A Withdrawn EP1361308A1 (de) 2002-05-10 2002-05-10 Geprägtes Tissue mit abstehenden Oberflächenfasern und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1361308A1 (de)
AT (1) ATE394542T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60320711D1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7407560B2 (en) * 2001-02-16 2008-08-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Lotioned and embossed tissue paper

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5180471A (en) * 1991-01-09 1993-01-19 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Non-nesting multi-ply tissue and method for making same
EP0668152A1 (de) * 1994-02-18 1995-08-23 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Verfahren zum Herstellen von hoch gebauschtem Papier und Papierprodukte daraus hergestellt
US5990377A (en) * 1997-03-21 1999-11-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Dual-zoned absorbent webs

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5180471A (en) * 1991-01-09 1993-01-19 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Non-nesting multi-ply tissue and method for making same
EP0668152A1 (de) * 1994-02-18 1995-08-23 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Verfahren zum Herstellen von hoch gebauschtem Papier und Papierprodukte daraus hergestellt
US5702571A (en) * 1994-02-18 1997-12-30 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft high bulk tissue
US5990377A (en) * 1997-03-21 1999-11-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Dual-zoned absorbent webs

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7407560B2 (en) * 2001-02-16 2008-08-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Lotioned and embossed tissue paper

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE394542T1 (de) 2008-05-15
DE60320711D1 (de) 2008-06-19

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