EP1358984A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Gipsplatten - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Gipsplatten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1358984A1
EP1358984A1 EP02291122A EP02291122A EP1358984A1 EP 1358984 A1 EP1358984 A1 EP 1358984A1 EP 02291122 A EP02291122 A EP 02291122A EP 02291122 A EP02291122 A EP 02291122A EP 1358984 A1 EP1358984 A1 EP 1358984A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
noria
plate
hydration
drying
plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02291122A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Paul Bonnet
Charles Falinower
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Etex France Building Performance SA
Original Assignee
Lafarge Platres SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lafarge Platres SA filed Critical Lafarge Platres SA
Priority to EP02291122A priority Critical patent/EP1358984A1/de
Publication of EP1358984A1 publication Critical patent/EP1358984A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B15/00—General arrangement or layout of plant ; Industrial outlines or plant installations

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a new process for manufacture of plasterboard, as well as a device for its implementation.
  • plasterboards which are made a dense plaster core (density for example 0.6 to 1.0, generally about 0.7) on at least one type of support paper, and preferably between two paper-type supports (and typically one being called cream paper and the other gray paper).
  • the conventional manufacturing process for such drywall includes the following steps.
  • the process includes forming the plate, this step including the sub-steps of the process cream paper, the mixture to obtain a compound paste mainly plaster (semi-hydrate) and water, to which additives are added to give the plate specific use properties (especially starch and possibly a foaming agent is (are) added (s) to form a foam); depositing said paste on paper cream; the course then the application of gray paper to continuously form the precursor sandwich of the plate; hydration, hardening and cohesion of the current dough of hydration with the two papers on supports constituting the forming line.
  • a semi-finished product can be cut with shears and then handled possibly in particular with a turning operation to place the cream side on top.
  • this product is introduced into a dryer to remove excess water of the plate (so-called plate drying operation). To the leaving the dryer, the plate is subjected in the dry state to different conditioning treatments to give it his final presentation.
  • each stage presents its own problems techniques, certain steps are critical, either in terms kinetics of chemical reaction, kinematics or process which will influence the characteristics and the quality of the final product, either in terms of complexity and size of equipment and difficulty of maintenance, as well as space occupancy, i.e. several in combination.
  • the most critical steps in addition to the initial forming step, are the hydration-hardening steps; wet transfer and drying in the dryer to remove excess free water.
  • each major step in the manufacturing process for plaster is critical to the process and / or the final product. Such a degree of criticality is particular to the method of manufacture of plasterboard.
  • the hydration start step up to the shears typically lasts a few minutes, typically about 3 at 4 minutes or more, the next step of wet transfer and end of hydration until the entry dryer 5 hard 10 minutes.
  • the wet transfer stage implements complex devices to operate in an atmosphere hot and humid.
  • the productivity of the chain production is therefore dependent on the reliability of these devices whose maintenance is delicate and expensive.
  • the drying step requires devices mechanical to operate in a humid environment that can reach saturation of water vapor and can reach several hundred degrees C, which poses again maintenance problems.
  • the drying step is very consuming of energy and it would be advantageous to have a process and a drying device which allows only the necessary amount of calories to the plates.
  • the shearing step implements a shear in the form of two rollers equipped with necessary blades clean regularly.
  • This device is quite destructive and mechanically rough towards the plate (it is also one of the reasons that makes time for relatively long hardening as the wet plate hardens -hydrated- must be able to withstand the stresses caused by shears and handling in the area wet transfer).
  • the flipping or pinball stage is up to present often necessary.
  • the thinned edges of the plate are formed by a lower roller with thickened edges or a strip having the counterform; this implies that the cream paper is in the lower position.
  • this face cream either on top, to avoid any soiling from the dryer rolls. It would be desirable to be able to avoid this restrictive pinball stage (all possibly being able to keep if desired current configuration with plaster paste which is deposited on cream paper).
  • the transfer stage in the dry state certainly poses less than problems only in the wet but it remains complicated and always heavy maintenance.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for its implementation, which make it possible to avoid the above problems and provide other benefits in terms of process / quality of the final product, maintenance, operating cost, investment, and of working condition.
  • the invention is based in part on the principle that unlike the prior art in which the plates move over great distances in various equipment and along a longitudinal axis, in the invention the plates move along an axis perpendicular to their plane.
  • steps (iv) and / or (v) are implemented in at least one noria.
  • the hydration is pursued in said at least one noria until the screen.
  • the hydration at the end of step (ii) is less than 66%, preferably between 33 and 66%, more preferably between 33 and 50%.
  • the drying is set in works in at least one noria, said at least one noria comprising at least two separate drying zones.
  • the method comprises in in addition to a cooling step (vi).
  • cooling is implemented in part of the noria.
  • the method is implemented works in a single noria.
  • the invention also relates to a noria comprising an endless drive mechanism on which are fixed a plurality of trays, each tray being divided into a plurality of arms, and further comprising an enclosure.
  • the enclosure is divided in at least two separate drying zones.
  • the noria comprises a hydration zone in the ascending part.
  • the noria comprises of plus a cooling zone.
  • the invention finally relates to a device for manufacture of plasterboard comprising an area hardening-hydration line and at least one noria according to the invention.
  • the hardening zone and the noria are coupled via rollers, these rollers interpenetrating the plates.
  • Zone 1 represents the plate forming step, this step including the substeps of unwinding the cream paper, mixture to obtain the plaster paste, depositing the paste on the cream paper and unwinding of the gray paper for form the precursor sandwich of the plate.
  • Zone 2 represents the hardening stage until a substantially hydrated product.
  • Zone 3 represents the stage shear in individual plates or by train plates.
  • Zone 4 represents the wet transfer stage (with a flipping operation to place the face cream on top using a device called "flipper" as well as the offset absorption operation between plate train before entering the dryer).
  • the zone 5 represents the drying step in a dryer to remove excess water.
  • Zone 6 represents the step of transfer in the dry state (including pairing of plates face cream against cream, resection, wrapping and conditioning).
  • FIG. 2 the diagram is described general of a device according to the invention.
  • This one as before includes a hardening zone, at the during which the hydration of the plaster.
  • This hydration is not also pursued completely as in the prior art, but only up to a value for example between 33% and 66%, preferably less than 50%.
  • This hardening area is represented here schematically by the strip of forming 7a, the rollers before shears 7b and the shears 7c itself. Following this is an area 7d acceleration (to create space between trains of plates in a conventional manner).
  • This area is mated to a stop zone 8, which will serve as a device of introduction into a noria.
  • This stop zone includes rollers 8a, 8b, 8c, etc.
  • a noria is described according to the invention, interposed with the rollers 8a, 8b, 8c described above.
  • This noria includes, around a endless drive mechanism, endless chain type 9, a multiplicity of plates 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, etc.
  • the endless chain is shown connected to the plate 10a (arm 11d), but it is clear that each tray is directly or indirectly connected to mechanism 9.
  • Each tray includes several arms 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d, (for example optimized) and relatively wide to obtain a hardening of the plate without the appearance of creep.
  • the number of arms is determined by the speed of the line, the length of the noria and the number of trays.
  • the arms can represent, in general, from 50 to 99% of the surface of the corresponding tray.
  • the arms can be full or present holes so as to provide both support of the plate without creep and do not slow down the phenomenon evaporation of water that occurs at this stage of the process.
  • a plasterboard P this one arrives on the rollers 8a, 8b, 8c (its race is controlled by mechanical and / or electrical devices and e).
  • the noria is in a position such that the plate P can pass between the plates 10a and 10b.
  • the noria turns, the arms come into contact with the wet plate P (which did not have time to substantially flex) and separates the plate P from the rollers, the plate P then resting on the arms 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d of tray 10b. Then the rollers become free again, from so accept a new plate P '. This is found this time at the start between plates 10b and 10c, then after an advance of the noria in contact with the arms of branch 10c. So on, we can "fill" the barrel trays.
  • the noria includes a variable number tray, for example from 10 to 200 trays, preferably from 30 to 100.
  • the scroll speed of the noria will be chosen in particular according to the speed of the line, the dimensions and the number of trays of noria and process parameters which must lead to hydration complete and good flatness of the outlet plate.
  • the speed of the noria is such that the residence time of the plates in the hydration zone complete is 5 to 30 min, preferably between 5 and 15 min.
  • the dimensions of the noria are generally the following: the depth corresponds to a plate (but there would be possible to put two or more) and the width corresponds to the plate or train of plates.
  • a ferry 12 translates the plates of the rollers 8a, 8b and 8c towards the noria.
  • This ferry ensures the supply of plates of the train of plates on a plate of the noria.
  • This ferry is conventionally a set of supports joined together that move in a movement of translation, then back to position below, at the like a skid of a caterpillar for example.
  • waste disposal from the curing line can be done from the side (first case, for example with a ferry of the type described under reference 12 and third case) or from above or in the axis (second case).
  • Hydration in the noria saves space considerable. Indeed, the traditional section of hardening can be reduced in length by up to 50%. In addition, the wet transfer area up to the entrance of the dryer is also considerably reduced. In addition, the residence time of each plate in the noria is identical, which allows to have a hydration rate of very homogeneous plates. This is even more apparent when another drying noria is used together with a hydration noria; in fact he it is generally the same noria which has several separate areas (which discussed below).
  • the norias according to the invention can accommodate plates of various lengths, such as 1.50 m up to the full width of the noria. Indeed, the arms are wide enough to accommodate all plate lengths and all types of plate train of all lengths: the plates, whatever their length, always rest enough (usually mostly) on the arms of the noria plateau.
  • the ferry can include rollers; it can also include an endless band, placed between the arms, the axis of the strip being perpendicular to the axis of the barrel. In such a case, the plate arriving on the band rests on it, the branches are released naturally. The speed of rotation of the strip is then adapted to that of the noria to be able to empty it. Any other known system will apply to the plate handling to transfer it from a noria outwards or to another noria.
  • FIG. 6 another mode of description is described.
  • embodiment of the invention namely a dryer based on this principle of the noria.
  • the noria is substantially identical to that described above, with the difference that it is placed at least partially in an enclosure 13 arranged around this noria.
  • This new type of dryer is fed from the wet transfer according to the prior art or from a hydration noria according to the invention described above.
  • the operation of the dryer is very simple.
  • the plaques enter the dryer are placed on the trays, and can then under the effect of heat evacuate the water.
  • the enclosure 13 makes it possible to confine the drying zone.
  • This enclosure is related to an air circuit, not represented on the diagram, which includes in addition to the conduits, one or more heat generators and fans to circulate the gases around the drywall to dry.
  • enclosure 13 can be divided into two or more zones (usually multiple of two), with circulation of air or other gas between these areas; this is described in more detail below.
  • this type of dryer allows better homogeneity in drying. Indeed, in the prior art it took a certain time to load all the stages of the traditional dryer, this which caused a delay, because on the one hand we could not be sure that every plate that came in had been hydrated to 100% and secondly the plates introduced first (as well as the one extracted last) had a time of stay different from the plate inserted / extracted in the middle of the device. By perfect homogeneity, we improve the yield and quality of the plates.
  • Each tray can include (but not necessarily) comb fingers rather than arms (as opposed to the noria of hydration), since there more serious risk of creep and to allow further better heat exchange. However, this is not necessary; when drying and hydration are set work in the same noria arms have the same shape.
  • the dimensions of the noria used for drying are from same order of magnitude as those for noria hydration (taking into account the relative residence times for both operations).
  • the frame rate is also suitable; in general, this speed is of the same order of size than for the hydration noria.
  • the noria can be partially or as a whole disposed in the heated enclosure 13, with an atmosphere substantially homogeneous in noria.
  • the plates form the routing conduits of gases, to obtain an "intelligent" circulation of these gases inside the enclosure.
  • This allows to have several zones of drying with different profiles, and therefore optimizing drying.
  • each zone has an even number of conduits.
  • the circulation circuit can in particular be obtained by an appropriate cover, the enclosure 13 being divided at the sides of the noria into as many areas as desired.
  • the enclosure 13 is such that the plates act as deflectors and guides for hot gases.
  • the plates act as deflectors and guides for hot gases.
  • We can thus obtain, by modifying operating conditions, two or more areas of drying with separate conditions.
  • we can have as many drying zones as there are cells formed by two consecutive plates. More specificly, in the example of figure 6, there are two drying zones (zone 1 and zone 2), and therefore two compartments at the level of the rollover. The zones are separated by baffles 14a and 14b.
  • the baffles can be used to return hot exhaust gases from the first zone to the second zone.
  • Zones 1 and 2 include drying at high gas temperature (strong drying) to ensure efficient migration of starch to paper and discharge approx. 80% of the water.
  • Zone 3 is an area in which the drying is gentler, in order to avoid exceeding the calcination temperature of the plates. In this area, the drying speed is limited by the diffusion of the steam in the heart of the plate.
  • zones 1 and 2 have a cumulative duration of 15 to 30 min (in generally less than 45 min) while zone 3 has a duration equivalent to that of zones 1 and 2 combined.
  • the temperatures in these areas are typically those indicated above.
  • the invention provides, as is sought after in the art previous, drying against the current or co-current. The invention therefore makes it possible to obtain a drying profile. particularly suitable and homogeneous.
  • This dryer allows great flexibility in the type of drying process. Dryer described above is of the direct dryer type. (hot gases in direct contact with the plates). It is also possible to provide for indirect drying. Similarly, the norias can receive all conventional recovery systems energy.
  • the noria dryer further includes a cooling function of the plates.
  • This device then presents a free zone which is not included in the enclosure. In this area additional, the plate can cool down naturally or not, to avoid possible thermal shock. We thus obtains a plate of better quality than with a traditional dryer.
  • the mechanism for extracting the plate is similar to the one to introduce it, except that it is operated in the other meaning.
  • the drying waterweeds can, as for the waterweed hydration, accept different lengths of plates.
  • the plates alternately, i.e. an edge-to-edge plate on one side of the noria and the other edge-to-edge on the other side.
  • norias or perambulators used in the invention may be of the type of those described in documents DE-A-2950661 and EP-A-0999152.
  • plate plaster used in the invention covers the base plates plaster, and in particular but not limited to the plates with one or more paper or cardboard siding (called in English “wall-board”, “plaster-board”), but also in other materials such as a fiber mat glass (so-called “fire” plates), fiber plates (called in English “fiber-board), etc.
  • the invention preferably applies to plates with siding cardboard ("plaster-board").

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
EP02291122A 2002-05-03 2002-05-03 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Gipsplatten Withdrawn EP1358984A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02291122A EP1358984A1 (de) 2002-05-03 2002-05-03 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Gipsplatten

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02291122A EP1358984A1 (de) 2002-05-03 2002-05-03 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Gipsplatten

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EP1358984A1 true EP1358984A1 (de) 2003-11-05

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2889991A1 (fr) * 2005-08-25 2007-03-02 Edouard Serras Procede de fabrication d'un element moule
CN102001130A (zh) * 2010-09-21 2011-04-06 杨峰 纸面石膏线条的机械化生产设备
CN110625771A (zh) * 2019-09-26 2019-12-31 张娟 一种圆形纸面石膏板制造装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3713517A1 (de) * 1987-04-22 1988-11-10 Rosenthal Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von keramischen drehflachteilen
US5155959A (en) * 1989-10-12 1992-10-20 Georgia-Pacific Corporation Firedoor constructions including gypsum building product
WO1994003318A1 (en) * 1992-08-06 1994-02-17 Georgia-Pacific Corporation Continuous processing equipment for making fiberboard

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3713517A1 (de) * 1987-04-22 1988-11-10 Rosenthal Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von keramischen drehflachteilen
US5155959A (en) * 1989-10-12 1992-10-20 Georgia-Pacific Corporation Firedoor constructions including gypsum building product
WO1994003318A1 (en) * 1992-08-06 1994-02-17 Georgia-Pacific Corporation Continuous processing equipment for making fiberboard

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2889991A1 (fr) * 2005-08-25 2007-03-02 Edouard Serras Procede de fabrication d'un element moule
CN102001130A (zh) * 2010-09-21 2011-04-06 杨峰 纸面石膏线条的机械化生产设备
CN110625771A (zh) * 2019-09-26 2019-12-31 张娟 一种圆形纸面石膏板制造装置

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