EP1358370B1 - Process for the manufacturing of a cork yarn, yarn and fabric thereby obtained - Google Patents
Process for the manufacturing of a cork yarn, yarn and fabric thereby obtained Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1358370B1 EP1358370B1 EP02712254A EP02712254A EP1358370B1 EP 1358370 B1 EP1358370 B1 EP 1358370B1 EP 02712254 A EP02712254 A EP 02712254A EP 02712254 A EP02712254 A EP 02712254A EP 1358370 B1 EP1358370 B1 EP 1358370B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cork
- process according
- yarn
- linenized
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/06—Threads formed from strip material other than paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/42—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by cutting films into narrow ribbons or filaments or by fibrillation of films or filaments
- D01D5/426—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by cutting films into narrow ribbons or filaments or by fibrillation of films or filaments by cutting films
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the manufacturing of a cork yarn, yarn which may be subjected to weaving processes for the manufacturing of fabrics and linens thereby obtained.
- cork is renewably obtained from the bark of some trees, in particular the cork oak, i.e. without uprooting them. It has some interesting properties such as resistance, impermeability, imputrescibility, remarkable elasticity and it is also insulating.
- cork can be used in several fields.
- One of the most common is its reduction in thin sheets which are adhered to an adhesive linen, obtaining linenized cork sheets that can be employed, e.g., as wallpaper, upholstery or for suitcases, etc.
- the technical problem underlying the present invention is to provide a manufacturing process to avoid the drawbacks cited with reference to the state of the art.
- the overall thickness of the cork layer is of about one tenth of a millimetre and, advantageously, said distance between adjacent cuts does not exceed said thickness multiplied by thirty.
- the strip-shaped yarn can be kept planar or helicoidally twisted. Moreover, the latter can be coupled to a yarn sewn longitudinally thereto, in order to improve its consistency and workability and to abut several sections thereof.
- the main advantage of the process according to the present invention lies in obtaining a cork yarn which retains its properties yet can easily be woven.
- the cork yarns thereby obtained are employable in dressmaking and drapery.
- a linenized cork indicated with 1 in the figures, i.e. a sheet made of leaves comprising a cork layer 2 uniformly spread over the entire surface thereof (figure 2) is provided.
- a likewise linenized cork 1 is of the type comprising a cork layer 2, of reduced thickness, and a supporting layer 3 to which the cork layer 2 is adhered.
- This linenized cork 1 can be provided by virtue of a complementary process including a step of cutting the raw cork into very thin leaves, of a thickness ranging from 0.05 to 1.00 mm. These leaves are placed edge-to-edge, thereby determining a substantially homogeneous layer 2.
- alike corks may be employed in order to obtain a flat surface, or different corks may be colour-matched thereamong.
- the layer 2 formed by a distribution of said leaves is made to adhere on a supporting layer (cloth) 3, at an adhesive surface 4 of the latter.
- the thickness 5 of the cork layer 2 obtainable will be that of the leaves deposited onto the sheet-shaped support, i.e., ranging from 0.05 to 1.00 mm, preferably from 0.05 to 0.20 mm.
- the thickness 5 is substantially equal to 0.10 mm.
- the cork layer 2 and the sheet-shaped support 3 can be pressed one against the other.
- the glue employed may be of a heat-actionable and/or pressure-sensitive kind and it should be evenly spread onto the adhesive surface 4 of the sheet-shaped support 3.
- Said glue could be, e.g., a heat-activated lacquer, like a polyvinyl and/or polyurethane adhesive.
- the cork leaves and the sheet-shaped support 3 can be pressed together by passing them between heated rolls at a temperature of about 70-100°C.
- said sheet-shaped support 3 is provided in form of strip, hence also the linenized cork 1 will be manufactured in form of strip, optionally available in a reel 10 (figure 1).
- the sheet-shaped support 3 could be made of cotton, viscose, silk, polyester, etc.
- the linenized cork comprises more than one cork layer, e.g., a pair of cork layers partitioned by a sheet-shaped support, so that both linenized faces be cork surfaces.
- said linenized cork 1 could be subjected to a softening treatment, thereby giving to the cork a skin-like tactile response, moreover making it resistant to creasing and therefore foldable for an undetermined number of times, without thereby reducing the tearing strength thereof.
- an emollient agent comprising surfactants.
- Such an emollient agent can, e.g., be obtained mixing, in an appropriate proportion, substances having a chemical affinity with cork, in particular glycerol and emollient lipids, with a quantity of surfactants.
- a proportion serving the purposes ranges from 5:1 to 1:1 and it is preferably equal to about 3:1.
- said emollient lipids are natural lipids having an animal or vegetal origin, and comprise, advantageously but not exclusively, mink oil, cocoa oil and aloe extract.
- the abovecited surfactants are preferably of the emollient and/or softening type (Em type and Sp type).
- the abovedescribed emollient agent is diluted with water, preferably with demineralized water having a hardness not greater than 0,5°F (French degrees).
- said proportion ranges from 12:1 to 8:1, in particular equal to about 10:1, however it can vary with the use of concentrated emollient agents.
- the treatment according to the invention includes a step wherein an absorbing layer sheet, apt to be soaked with liquid and flexible to be put in contact with the linenized cork 1 to be softened. For this reason, the layer has adequate dimensions as to cover an entire cork sheet.
- An absorbing layer serving this purpose is, e.g., a fabric layer, preferably a thick weft cotton layer.
- the absorbing layer could be replaced, as it will be made apparent hereinafter, by the sheet-shaped support 3 applied to said cork layer 2, provided that the cloth of said sheet-shaped support 3 have an absorbent power apt to hold the demineralized water/emollient mixture.
- a layer can instead be obtained by the approaching and/or the overlapping of several fabric sheets.
- the absorption of the emollient mixture in the absorbing layer or in the absorbing sheet-shaped support is induced by immersion in a bath realized with said mixture.
- the immersion period has a length greater than 1 hour, preferably equal to about 2 hours.
- the layer be employed upon having been soaked it is put in contact with the linenized cork 1, optionally, but not exclusively, at the linenized surface 7 thereof.
- the cloth of the sheet-shaped support has been soaked by immersion of the entire linenized cork 1, the coupling therebetween is already automatically implemented.
- the cork surface 6 can be partially isolated by limiting, yet not eliminating, the circulation of the atmospheric air thereto.
- the isolation can occur by covering said cork surface 6 with a further layer which is at least partially air- and water-proof.
- An advantageous system to isolate the cork surface 6 and to concomitantly treat the linenized cork surface 7 in a single operation is that of rolling up the linenized cork 1 and the layer forming a roll, optionally employing a suitable reel.
- the layer is to be kept in contact with the linenized cork 1 for a period of time having a length greater than 24 hours, so as to allow the drying thereof.
- the same principle applies in the case wherein the sheet-shaped support has been soaked.
- the absorbing layer substantially dries up by the evaporation of the emollient mixture, i.e. of the aqueous fraction thereof.
- the roll of linenized cork is vertically placed on top of a support allowing the free (natural or forced) circulation of air having a relative humidity lower than 50% and at a temperature ranging from 18° to 23°C.
- the substances are absorbed at the linenized and non-linenized surfaces 6, 7, of the linenized cork 1, whereas the action of the surfactants increases the penetration and the softening effectiveness of the emollient substances.
- the roll can be unwound, with optional removal of the layer that can subsequently be used again.
- the linenized cork 1 thus obtained can be wound on a reel, abovecited and indicated with 10 in the figures (figure 1).
- the softened and dried linenized cork 1 is unwound from the reel 10 which is placed in an elevated position.
- the linen 1 is appropriately kept tensioned by tensioning rolls, each indicated with 11.
- the tension is exerted according to a preferential direction which, in the present example, is the linear development of the unreeled strip.
- a tensioned section 8 of the linenized cork 1 is subjected to a cutting step, by suitable machines known to those skilled in the art as 'cutters'.
- said cutters comprise cutting rolls 12 between which the tensioned section 8 is inletted.
- Said cutting rolls 12 perform a plurality of cuts parallel thereamong and to said preferential direction, so as to cut the entire thickness 6 of the linen 1 in a direction perpendicular to the latter, i.e. to the surfaces 6, 7 thereof
- the cutting members formed onto the surface of the cutting rolls 12 perform adjacent cuts with a distance therebetween not exceeding the thickness 6 of the cork layer 2 multiplied by 100. According to a preferred embodiment, such multiplication factor does not exceed 30.
- the maximum useful distance is 10 mm, the minimum distance is 1.0 mm, a particularly suitable distance is 2.0 mm.
- Said plurality of cuts generates a corresponding plurality strip-shaped cork yarns 20, having a substantially rectangular cross section and the distance between the adj acent cuts and the thickness of the linen 1 as dimensions.
- said strip-shaped yarn 20 is kept tensioned and wound on a reel 21.
- such yarn 20 is associated to a reinforcing thread 22 of a material having a high tensile strength, like, e.g., nylon.
- This thread 22 is applied by a sewing machine 13 longitudinally to the development of the yarn 20, according to modes known to those skilled in the art.
- the thread 22 is inserted so as to alternatively cross said surfaces of cork 6 and linenized cork 7 of the yarn 20 (figure 3).
- the yarn 20 undergoes a twisting, thereby assuming a helix-shaped configuration.
- the thread 22 can be located axially to the helix.
- the application of the reinforcing thread 22 will be preferred in those cases wherein the width of the yarn 20 be markedly reduced, thereby reducing the adhesive surface which keeps the cork layer and the sheet-shaped support associated therebetween.
- the presence of the reinforcing thread 22 is advantageous for a distance between the adjacent cuts not exceeding the 4.0 mm.
- This step could be provided prior to the softening treatment or thereafter, or even prior to the coupling of the cork layer 2 and of the sheet-shaped support 3.
- the cork is treated with a mordant, i.e. metallic salts or tannin, according to leather dyeing techniques.
- a mordant i.e. metallic salts or tannin
- a useful metallic salt is kalinite.
- the mordant is diluted in a bath of heated purified water.
- the cork in the form of leaves, sheet or yarn, is dipped in the mordanting bath at boiling temperature and then left to cool for 24 hours.
- the dye can be applied by a further hot bath.
- a further mordanting can be provided, followed by a rinsing and a drying which completes the dyeing step.
- the abovedescribed yarn can be subjected to weaving steps to manufacture a fabric with any knitting.
- This fabric can be employed in different fields like dressmaking, upholstery, coatings in general, peltry as a leather substitute, etc.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Wire Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- providing a thin linenized cork, comprising at least one cork layer and a sheet-shaped support made of cloth, said linenized cork being held spread and tensioned according to a preferential direction;
- performing a plurality of cuts parallel thereamong and to said preferential direction, so as to cut the full thickness of the linenized cork in a direction substantially perpendicular thereto, said parallel cuts being performed at a distance between adjacent cuts not exceeding the thickness of said at least one cork layer multiplied by one hundred, obtaining a strip-shaped cork yarn; and
- winding said strip-shaped yarn, kept tensioned, on a reel.
- figure 1 shows a perspective view of an apparatus for the cutting of linenized corks for the process according to the present invention;
- figure 2 shows an enlarged view of a section of a linenized cork employed in this process;
- figure 3 shows an enlarged perspective view of a first variation of a yarn obtained according to the present process; and
- figure 4 shows an enlarged perspective view of a second variation of a yarn obtained according to the present process.
Claims (26)
- Manufacturing process for the manufacturing of a cork yarn comprising the steps of:providing a thin linenized cork (1), comprising at least one cork layer (2) and a sheet-shaped support (3), said linenized cork (1) being held spread and tensioned according to a preferential direction;performing a plurality of cuts parallel thereamong and to said preferential direction, so as to cut the full thickness of the linenized cork (1) in a direction substantially perpendicular thereto, said parallel cuts being performed at a distance, one from the adjacent other, not exceeding the thickness (5) of said at least one cork layer (2) multiplied by one hundred, obtaining a strip-shaped cork yarn (20); andwinding said strip-shaped yarn (20), kept tensioned, on a reel (21).
- Process according to claim 1, wherein the thickness (5) of the at least one cork layer (2) ranges from 0.05 and 1.00 mm.
- Process according to claim 2, wherein the thickness (5) of the at least one cork layer (2) ranges from 0.05 to 0.20 mm.
- Process according to claim 3, wherein the thickness (5) of the at least one cork layer (2) is substantially equal to 0.10 mm.
- Process according to claim 1, wherein the linenized cork (1) is provided in form of strip, available in a reel (10).
- Process according to claim 1, wherein said cork is subjected to a softening treatment.
- Process according to claim 6, wherein the softening treatment is carried out onto the linenized cork (1).
- Process according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the cork is immersed in an emollient mixture comprising water and an emollient agent obtained mixing emollient substances having a chemical affinity with cork and a surfactant.
- Process according to claim 8, wherein said emollient substances comprise glycerol and/or emollient lipids like mink oil, cocoa oil and aloe extract.
- Process according to claim 9, wherein the surfactant is of the Em and/or Sp type.
- Process according to any one of the claims 8 to 10, wherein said emollient substances and said surfactant are mixed according to a proportion ranging from 5:1 to 3:1.
- Process according to any one of the claims 8 to 11, wherein the water and the emollient mixture are mixed according to a proportion ranging from 12:1 to 8:1
- Process according to claim 1, wherein said distance does not exceed the thickness (5) of the cork layer (6) multiplied by thirty.
- Process according to claim 1, wherein said distance does not exceed the 10.0 mm.
- Process according to any one of the claims 1, 13, 14, wherein said distance is substantially 2.0 mm.
- Process according to claim 1, wherein the strip-shaped yarn (20) is associated to a reinforcing thread (22).
- Process according to claim 16, wherein the distance between adjacent cuts does not exceed the 4.0 mm.
- Process according to claim 16, wherein the reinforcing thread (22) is of nylon.
- Process according to claim 16, wherein the reinforcing thread (22) is inserted so as to alternatively cross the surfaces of the strip-shaped yarn (20).
- Process according to claim 16, wherein the strip-shaped yarn (20) is twisted so as to assume a helix-shaped configuration, said reinforcing thread (22) being located axially to the helix.
- Process according to claim 1, wherein the cork is subjected to a dyeing step.
- Process according to claim 21, wherein said dyeing step provides a mordanting of the cork prior to a dye application.
- Process according to claim 1, wherein the linenized cork comprises two cork layers partitioned by a sheet-shaped support.
- Cork yarn (20) manufactured by the process according to any one of the previous claims.
- Fabric obtained by weaving the cork yarn (20) of the previous claim.
- Use of the fabric and/or of the cork yarn (20) as defined in claims 24 and 25, in the fields of dressmaking, upholstery, coatings in general, peltry as a leather substitute.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITRM20010016 | 2001-01-15 | ||
IT2001RM000016A ITRM20010016A1 (en) | 2001-01-15 | 2001-01-15 | PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A CORK YARN, YARN AND FABRIC OBTAINED FROM IT. |
PCT/IT2002/000018 WO2002055767A1 (en) | 2001-01-15 | 2002-01-15 | Process for the manufacturing of a cork yarn, yarn and fabric thereby obtained |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1358370A1 EP1358370A1 (en) | 2003-11-05 |
EP1358370B1 true EP1358370B1 (en) | 2004-07-28 |
Family
ID=11455110
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02712254A Expired - Lifetime EP1358370B1 (en) | 2001-01-15 | 2002-01-15 | Process for the manufacturing of a cork yarn, yarn and fabric thereby obtained |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1358370B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE272136T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60200833D1 (en) |
IT (1) | ITRM20010016A1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT1358370E (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002055767A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2023187004A1 (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-05 | Pda Ecolab | A continuous filament obtained from granulated cork, process for the manufacturing of a cork-based filament, and fabric thereby obtained |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK3409830T3 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2021-02-15 | Sedacor Soc Exportadora De Artigos De Cortica Lda | CORK WIRE, MANUFACTURING METHOD AND USES |
PT109648A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-02 | Star Busy Investimentos E Inovacao Lda | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A CORK WIRE WITH LOW THICKNESS |
US20220212088A1 (en) * | 2019-05-01 | 2022-07-07 | Pda Ecolab, Sas | Rovings and fabrics for fiber-reinforced composites |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1713113A (en) * | 1927-10-01 | 1929-05-14 | William M Cavanaugh | Leather manufacture |
GB1067514A (en) * | 1964-03-10 | 1967-05-03 | Mirsky Alexander | A method of and apparatus for preparing warp for weaving or warp-knitting by dividing sheet material longitudinally |
ITSS980002U1 (en) * | 1998-02-16 | 1999-08-16 | Anna Grindi | CORK FABRIC FOR CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR |
-
2001
- 2001-01-15 IT IT2001RM000016A patent/ITRM20010016A1/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-01-15 WO PCT/IT2002/000018 patent/WO2002055767A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-01-15 AT AT02712254T patent/ATE272136T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-01-15 EP EP02712254A patent/EP1358370B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-01-15 PT PT02712254T patent/PT1358370E/en unknown
- 2002-01-15 DE DE60200833T patent/DE60200833D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2023187004A1 (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-05 | Pda Ecolab | A continuous filament obtained from granulated cork, process for the manufacturing of a cork-based filament, and fabric thereby obtained |
FR3134120A1 (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-06 | Pda Ecolab | Continuous filament obtained from granulated cork, process for manufacturing a cork filament and fabric thus obtained |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002055767A1 (en) | 2002-07-18 |
ITRM20010016A1 (en) | 2002-07-15 |
PT1358370E (en) | 2004-11-30 |
ITRM20010016A0 (en) | 2001-01-15 |
DE60200833D1 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
ATE272136T1 (en) | 2004-08-15 |
EP1358370A1 (en) | 2003-11-05 |
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