EP1356573A1 - Bearing device for the rotor of a rotating machine - Google Patents

Bearing device for the rotor of a rotating machine

Info

Publication number
EP1356573A1
EP1356573A1 EP02710227A EP02710227A EP1356573A1 EP 1356573 A1 EP1356573 A1 EP 1356573A1 EP 02710227 A EP02710227 A EP 02710227A EP 02710227 A EP02710227 A EP 02710227A EP 1356573 A1 EP1356573 A1 EP 1356573A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bearing
radial
axial
storage device
rotor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02710227A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Axel Günter Albert FUERST
Kamil Matyscak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10104696A external-priority patent/DE10104696A1/en
Priority claimed from CH5002001A external-priority patent/CH694978A5/en
Application filed by Alstom Schweiz AG filed Critical Alstom Schweiz AG
Publication of EP1356573A1 publication Critical patent/EP1356573A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/161—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F03B11/06—Bearing arrangements
    • F03B11/063—Arrangements for balancing axial thrust
    • F03B11/066—Arrangements for balancing axial thrust in vertical axis machines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M1/00—Frames or casings of engines, machines or apparatus; Frames serving as machinery beds
    • F16M1/04—Frames or casings of engines, machines or apparatus; Frames serving as machinery beds for rotary engines or similar machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/083—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of rotating machines. It relates to a bearing device for the rotor of a rotating machine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a storage device is e.g. known from the publication CH-A5-578 70S.
  • the bearing bodies are the central body of a bearing star or support star or guide stem, which is formed by support arms extending from the bearing body in the radial direction. To support axial forces, the support arms are supported with their free outer ends in the axial direction either on the foundation, which is usually cast from concrete, which surrounds the generator concentrically, or on the stator of the generator. Examples of such support stars or guide stars are described in the aforementioned CH-A5-578 708 or the corresponding US-A-4,258,280 or CH-A5-583 469. An example of a combined axial and radial bearing or support and guide bearing can be found in FIG. 1 of EP-A1-0 586 861.
  • the support arms in the prior art have been extended in a radial direction to the surrounding concrete wall and have been firmly screwed to the metal elements embedded therein.
  • a high stiffness of the support star was achieved, which was essentially determined by the stiffness of the arms which are subjected to pressure in the longitudinal direction.
  • a disadvantage of this arrangement is that when the arms of the supporting star expand thermally, very large compressive forces acting in the radial direction arise which, especially in the case of supporting stars arranged above the machine, cannot readily be absorbed by the rather thin concrete wall there.
  • CH-A5-578 708 has taken a different approach to solving the problem associated with thermal expansion in the case of supporting stars or guide stars:
  • connecting elements are used to intercept radial forces, which are arranged tangentially to an imaginary cylinder coaxial with the axis of rotation are and - with a pure radial or Guide bearings - form the arms of the bearing star (see Fig. 2 of CH-A5-578 708) or - for a combined axial and radial bearing - run between the ends of the (radial) support arms and the concrete wall (in Fig. 6 of CH -A5- 578 708).
  • the tangentially oriented arrangement of the connecting elements or support arms ensures that thermal expansions are converted into uncritical rotations of the bearing body about the machine axis.
  • the mode of operation of the tangentially oriented connecting elements or inclined spokes is described in detail in Brown Boveri Mitteilungen 2, Volume 67, pp. 108-116, February 1980.
  • a disadvantage of the conventional supporting stars with tangentially oriented connecting elements is the direct link between the actual support arms, which absorb the axial forces and introduce them into the foundation, and the tangential connecting elements, which convert the radial forces into a twist and are responsible for centering the bearing body.
  • This direct connection leads on the one hand to heavy and material-intensive constructions of the bearing star and on the other hand prevents a separate optimization of the construction elements responsible for the axial and radial forces.
  • asymmetrical deformations such as those that can occur due to changes in the foundation or strong electromagnetic fields, cannot be easily compensated for.
  • the object is achieved by the entirety of the features of claim 1.
  • the essence of the invention is to completely decouple the absorption of the axial forces, such as weight and thrust forces, from the absorption of radial forces and the task of centering and radial guidance in the combined axial and radial bearing, by means of connecting elements which are oriented tangentially to accommodate radial forces and for centering are provided which are hinged at one end to the foundation and at the other end directly to the bearing body.
  • the tangential orientation is understood to mean that the connecting elements are arranged at an angle to the radius in their articulation point in the circumferential direction, this angle of inclination being greater than 0 ° under all circumstances preferably greater than 30 °, and reaches 90 ° with full tangential orientation.
  • this configuration can be viewed as a combination of two independent bearing stars. This makes it possible, in particular, to dispense with complex stretches between the support arms of the bearing star.
  • the support structure can be simplified by the arrangement according to the invention and thus savings in material and weight can be achieved.
  • the length of the tangentially oriented connecting elements is preferably adjustable, the connecting elements being infinitely variable in length, in particular in the manner of a turnbuckle, by combining a left-hand and a right-hand thread. This makes it possible to carry out a centering or a correction of the centering in a simple manner at any time and also to influence the operating behavior of the rotor and the entire machine advantageously by generating certain, evenly distributed, bias voltages.
  • the decoupling of the axially and radially acting bearing stars and the flexible adaptation of the bearing device are further improved if the connecting elements are also designed as articulated struts which are pivotably articulated on the bearing body or on the foundation by means of bearing blocks.
  • Such articulated struts and the associated bearing blocks are available as prefabricated parts in different dimensions and thus reduce the construction costs.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of the rotor of a vertically arranged hydrogen generator, which is mounted by means of a radial bearing and a combined axial and radial bearing, as is particularly suitable for the application of the invention;
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view obliquely from above of a preferred exemplary embodiment of a bearing device according to the invention in the case of a hydrogenerator arranged in an annular foundation according to the configuration shown in FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 3 in a perspective oblique view from below the storage device of Fig. 2 without the foundation.
  • the rotor 11 rotates about a vertical axis 19. It has a shaft 12 which is rotatably supported by means of a (lower) radial bearing 16 and a (upper) combined axial and radial bearing 18.
  • the combined axial and radial bearing 18 comprises a second radial bearing 15 and an axial bearing 14 arranged one above the other, on which the shaft 12 rests with a support ring 13.
  • the radial bearings 15, 16 are provided for guiding and centering the rotor 11 with respect to the axis of rotation 19.
  • the thrust bearing 14 absorbs the axial forces that result in particular from the weight of the rotor 11, the electromagnetic interaction between the rotor 11 and the stator concentrically surrounding it (not shown in FIG. 1) and the thrust caused by the action of the Water is generated on the turbine 17 attached to the lower end of the rotor 11.
  • the combined axial and radial bearing 18 can, however, also exchange the position with the radial bearing 16 and be arranged accordingly below.
  • the present invention now relates to the manner in which the axial and radial forces acting on the combined axial and radial bearing 18 are introduced directly or via the stator into the machine's foundation, which is usually made of concrete.
  • 2 shows a preferred embodiment of a storage device according to the invention in a perspective view obliquely from above.
  • the figure shows the (upper) combined axial and radial bearing 23 of a hydrogen generator 20, which is surrounded by a hollow cylindrical, annular foundation 21 made of concrete.
  • a piece of the shaft 22 of the rotor extends through the combined axial and radial bearing 23, which is open at the top.
  • the active rotor part is flanged to this piece of shaft 22 by means of a flange 32 (FIG.
  • the combined axial and radial bearing 23 comprises a radial bearing 25 and an axial bearing arranged underneath (not visible in FIGS. 2 and 3). Both bearings are housed in a bearing body 24 which is bounded on the outside by an annular outer jacket.
  • Six support arms 27 are attached to the bearing body 24 in the lower region of the axial bearing in a star shape and directed radially outward. Of course, these support arms do not have to be strictly radially oriented, as shown in the example.
  • Each of the support arms 27 comprises a vertically standing, outwardly tapering metal plate 33 which is screwed to an associated rib 34.
  • the ribs 34 are in turn partially welded under the bearing body 24.
  • fastening elements 28 are arranged on the underside, with which the support arms 27 are fastened on the upper side of the stator.
  • the fastening elements 28 are designed to be flexible in the radial direction. In the elements shown by way of example in FIGS. 2 and 3, this is achieved by two vertical, parallel and radially arranged sheet metal strips, which are connected to each other at the top and bottom by a horizontal plate.
  • the fastening elements can of course also be buffers made of elastomers or other construction elements suitable for fulfilling the function.
  • the support arms 27 together with the bearing body 24 form a bearing star 26 which introduces the axial forces which act on the axial bearing into the foundation 21 via a stator (not shown for the sake of clarity).
  • the support arms are also designed in such a way that the axial bearing has only a low level of rigidity even in the circumferential direction.
  • the exact positioning of the bearing body 24 or the shaft 22 with respect to the axis of rotation is taken over in the bearing device according to FIGS. 2 and 3, however, by (in the example six) length-adjustable articulated struts 29. In contrast to the designs that have been implemented to date, this has the advantage that the centering can also be adjusted in the fully assembled state.
  • the hinge struts 29 are by means of bearing blocks 30, 31 with the inner end at the level of the radial bearing 25 on the outer surface of the bearing body 24 and with the outer end pivotally hinged to the inside of the foundation 21.
  • the articulated struts 29 are oriented tangentially to an imaginary circle arranged concentrically to the shaft 22, so that an expansion of the bearing body 24 is converted into a rotation about the axis of rotation of the machine.
  • the articulated struts 29 are designed to be length-adjustable by means of a combination of a right-hand and left-hand thread in the manner of a turnbuckle. This makes it possible, in a simple manner and at any time, not only to center or re-center the rotor or the shaft with respect to the axis of rotation, but also to build up symmetrical or asymmetrical preloads which affect the running properties of the rotor, in particular with regard to vibration frequencies, influence advantageous.
  • the articulated struts 29 also have the advantage that they are available as commercially available components and are comparatively light and space-saving compared to complex welded structures. Suitable joint struts are offered, for example, by the German company Lisega GmbH, Zeven, under the type designation 39.
  • the support arms are attached to the outside on flexible elements on the stator; the thermal expansion is recorded here so that the bearing body is not excessively stressed and deformed;
  • the articulated struts are oriented tangentially at articulation points on the bearing body and on the foundation, so that the thermal expansion is easily converted into a rotary movement;
  • the radial support arms have a low rigidity in the circumferential direction, such that the rotational movement of the bearing body is hampered as little as possible; - radial forces are conducted directly into the foundation via the articulated struts;
  • the length of the joint struts is easily adjustable; this enables the shaft to be positioned exactly; a later necessary correction of the shaft position is also possible without any problems; and
  • the adjustable hinge struts allow the setting of a predetermined bias of the storage device.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)

Abstract

A bearing device for the rotor of a rotating machine, in particular for a hydro-generator (20), rotating about a vertical axis, comprising a combined axial and radial bearing (23), housed in a bearing body (24), on which support arms (27) are arranged to take axial forces. The support arms (27) rest with the free ends thereof on a stable base. Additional tangentially-arranged connector elements (29), for taking radial forces and for centring the bearing, are arranged between the bearing body (24) and a base body (21), surrounding the rotor, connected to the base body (21) at a first end and to connection points (31), directly arranged on the bearing body (24), at a second end. The above results in a material-saving construction, an optimisation of the individual bearing functions and improved adjustability.

Description

BESCHREIBUNG DESCRIPTION
LAGERUNGSEINRICHTUNG FÜR DEN ROTOR EINER ROTIERENDENSTORAGE DEVICE FOR THE ROTOR OF A ROTATING
MASCHINEMACHINE
TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet der rotierenden Maschinen. Sie betrifft eine Lagerungseinrichtung für den Rotor einer rotierenden Maschine gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to the field of rotating machines. It relates to a bearing device for the rotor of a rotating machine according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine solche Lagerungseinrichtung ist z.B. aus der Druckschrift CH-A5-578 70S bekannt.Such a storage device is e.g. known from the publication CH-A5-578 70S.
STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART
Bei rotierenden Maschinen mit grossen Abmessungen wie z.B. vertikal angeordneten Hydrogeneratoren ergeben sich bei der Lagerung der Rotoren spezielle Probleme, die ihre Ursache vor allem in dem extremen Verhältnis zwischen den Aussenabmessungen, die meist mehrere Meter betragen, und dem Lagerspiel, das im Bereich von Zehntel mm liegt, haben. Die Rotoren derartiger Hydrogene- ratoren werden üblicherweise mittels zweier voneinander beabstandeter Radialbzw. Führungslager im Bezug auf eine Drehachse fixiert. Das Gewicht und andere, insbesondere von der Wasserturbine herrührende, axiale Kräfte werden von wenigstens einem Axial- bzw. Traglager aufgefangen, das meist mit einem der Radiallager zu einem kombinierten Axial- und Radiallager zusammengefasst und in einem gemeinsamen Lagerkörper untergebracht ist. Die Lagerkörper sind die Zentralkörper eines Lagersterns bzw. Tragsterns oder Führungsstems, der durch vom Lagerkörper in radialer Richtung ausgehende Tragarme gebildet wird. Die Tragarme stützen sich zum Abfangen axialer Kräfte mit ihren freien äusseren Enden in axialer Richtung entweder am üblicherweise aus Beton gegossenen Fundament ab, das den Generator konzentrisch umgibt, oder am Stator des Generators. Beispiele für derartige Tragsterne bzw. Führungssterne sind in der eingangs genannten CH-A5-578 708 bzw. der dazu korrespondierenden US-A- 4,258,280 oder der CH-A5-583 469 beschrieben. Ein Beispiel für ein kombiniertes Axial- und Radiallager bzw. Trag- und Führungslager findet sich in der Figur 1 der EP-A1-0 586 861.In the case of rotating machines with large dimensions, such as, for example, vertically arranged hydrogen generators, there are special bearing arrangements for the rotors Problems that are mainly due to the extreme relationship between the external dimensions, which are usually several meters, and the bearing clearance, which is in the range of tenths of a millimeter. The rotors of such hydrogenators are usually by means of two spaced radial or Guide bearing fixed in relation to an axis of rotation. The weight and other axial forces, in particular originating from the water turbine, are absorbed by at least one axial or support bearing, which is usually combined with one of the radial bearings to form a combined axial and radial bearing and is accommodated in a common bearing body. The bearing bodies are the central body of a bearing star or support star or guide stem, which is formed by support arms extending from the bearing body in the radial direction. To support axial forces, the support arms are supported with their free outer ends in the axial direction either on the foundation, which is usually cast from concrete, which surrounds the generator concentrically, or on the stator of the generator. Examples of such support stars or guide stars are described in the aforementioned CH-A5-578 708 or the corresponding US-A-4,258,280 or CH-A5-583 469. An example of a combined axial and radial bearing or support and guide bearing can be found in FIG. 1 of EP-A1-0 586 861.
Um auch radiale Kräfte auffangen zu können, die beispielsweise durch Unwuchten im Rotor oder Wechselwirkungen zwischen Rotor und Stator entstehen, sind die Tragarme im Stand der Technik in radialer Richtung bis zur umgebenden Betonwandung verlängert und mit dort eingelassenen Metallelementen fest verschraubt worden. Hierdurch wurde eine hohe Steifigkeit des Tragsternes erreicht, die im wesentlichen durch die Steifigkeit der in Längsrichtung auf Druck beanspruchten Arme bestimmt wurde. Nachteilig bei dieser Anordnung ist jedoch, dass bei einer Wärmedehnung der Arme des Tragsternes sehr grosse, in radialer Richtung wirkende Druckkräfte entstehen, die gerade bei oberhalb der Maschine angeordneten Tragsternen von der dort eher dünnen Betonwandung nicht ohne weiteres aufgenommen werden können. Zudem bringt eine solche steife Konstruktion grosse radiale Kräfte in das Lagergehäuse ein. Diese können durch eine resultierende Dezentrierung oder Deformationen des Lagergehäuses das Lagerspiel beeinflussen, und so im Extremfall die Funktionsfähigkeit des Lagers gefährden. Es ist deshalb in der bereits genannten CH-A5-583 469 vorgeschlagen worden, die Arme eines Tragsternes untereinander zu versteifen und deren freie Enden in der Betonwandung durch vorgespannte Wälzkörper in tangentialer Richtung festzulegen, während sie in radialer Richtung verschiebbar gelagert sind.In order to also be able to absorb radial forces which arise, for example, from imbalance in the rotor or interactions between the rotor and stator, the support arms in the prior art have been extended in a radial direction to the surrounding concrete wall and have been firmly screwed to the metal elements embedded therein. As a result, a high stiffness of the support star was achieved, which was essentially determined by the stiffness of the arms which are subjected to pressure in the longitudinal direction. A disadvantage of this arrangement, however, is that when the arms of the supporting star expand thermally, very large compressive forces acting in the radial direction arise which, especially in the case of supporting stars arranged above the machine, cannot readily be absorbed by the rather thin concrete wall there. In addition, such a rigid construction brings great radial forces into the bearing housing. These can result from a Decentration or deformations of the bearing housing influence the bearing play and in extreme cases endanger the functionality of the bearing. It has therefore been proposed in the already mentioned CH-A5-583 469 to stiffen the arms of a supporting star with one another and to fix their free ends in the concrete wall by means of prestressed rolling elements in the tangential direction, while they are mounted so as to be displaceable in the radial direction.
Einen anderen Weg zur Lösung des mit der thermischen Ausdehnung verbundenen Problems bei Tragsternen bzw. Führungssternen hat dagegen die eingangs genannte CH-A5-578 708 eingeschlagen: Hier werden zum Abfangen radialer Kräfte Verbindungselemente eingesetzt, die tangential zu einem gedachten, zur Drehachse koaxialen Zylinder angeordnet sind und - bei einem reinen Radialbzw. Führungslager - die Arme des Lagersterns bilden (s. Fig. 2 der CH-A5-578 708) oder - bei einem kombinierten Axial- und Radiallager - zwischen den Enden der (radialen) Tragarme und der Betonwandung verlaufen (in Fig. 6 der CH-A5- 578 708 dargestellt). In neueren Hydrogeneratoren (wie sie z.B. im Wasserkraftwerk Bieudron, Schweiz, eingesetzt sind; siehe dazu auch den Prospekt der Anmelderin "Hydro-generators with oblique elements. Top technology from ALSTOM power", September 2000) weisen die Tragarme der kombinierten Trag- und Führungslager einschliesslich der Verbindungselemente zu der Betonwandung in einer stabilen Schweisskonstruktion durchgehend eine tangentiale Orientierung auf.CH-A5-578 708, mentioned at the outset, has taken a different approach to solving the problem associated with thermal expansion in the case of supporting stars or guide stars: Here, connecting elements are used to intercept radial forces, which are arranged tangentially to an imaginary cylinder coaxial with the axis of rotation are and - with a pure radial or Guide bearings - form the arms of the bearing star (see Fig. 2 of CH-A5-578 708) or - for a combined axial and radial bearing - run between the ends of the (radial) support arms and the concrete wall (in Fig. 6 of CH -A5- 578 708). In newer hydrogenerators (such as those used in the hydropower plant in Bieudron, Switzerland; see also the prospectus of the applicant "Hydro-generators with oblique elements. Top technology from ALSTOM power", September 2000) have the support arms of the combined support and guide bearings including the connecting elements to the concrete wall in a stable welded construction throughout a tangential orientation.
Durch die tangentiale orientierte Anordnung der Verbindungselemente bzw. Tragarme wird erreicht, dass Wärmeausdehnungen in unkritische Verdrehungen des Lagerkörpers um die Maschinenachse umgesetzt werden. Die Wirkungsweise der tangential orientierten Verbindungselemente bzw. Schrägspeichen ist im Detail in der Druckschrift Brown Boveri Mitteilungen 2, Band 67, S. 108-116, Februar 1980, beschrieben.The tangentially oriented arrangement of the connecting elements or support arms ensures that thermal expansions are converted into uncritical rotations of the bearing body about the machine axis. The mode of operation of the tangentially oriented connecting elements or inclined spokes is described in detail in Brown Boveri Mitteilungen 2, Volume 67, pp. 108-116, February 1980.
Nachteilig bei den herkömmlichen Tragsternen mit tangential orientierten Verbindungselementen ist jedoch die direkte Verknüpfung zwischen den eigentlichen Tragarmen, welche die axialen Kräfte aufnehmen und in das Fundament einleiten, und den tangentialen Verbindungselementen, welche die radialen Kräfte in eine Verdrehung umwandeln und für die Zentrierung des Lagerkörpers zuständig sind. Diese direkte Verknüpfung führt einerseits zu schweren und materialaufwendigen Konstruktionen des Lagersterns und verhindert andererseits eine getrennte Optimierung der für die axialen und radialen Kräfte zuständigen Konstruktionselemente. Ausserdem können unsymmetrische Verformungen, wie sie durch Veränderungen des Fundamentes oder durch starke elektromagnetische Felder vorkommen können, nicht ohne weiteres kompensiert werden.A disadvantage of the conventional supporting stars with tangentially oriented connecting elements, however, is the direct link between the actual support arms, which absorb the axial forces and introduce them into the foundation, and the tangential connecting elements, which convert the radial forces into a twist and are responsible for centering the bearing body. This direct connection leads on the one hand to heavy and material-intensive constructions of the bearing star and on the other hand prevents a separate optimization of the construction elements responsible for the axial and radial forces. In addition, asymmetrical deformations, such as those that can occur due to changes in the foundation or strong electromagnetic fields, cannot be easily compensated for.
DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGPRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Lagerungseinrichtung für den Rotor einer rotierenden Maschine, insbesondere eines um eine vertikale Achse rotierenden Hydrogenerators, zu schaffen, welche die Nachteile bekannter Lagerungseinrichtungen vermeidet und sich insbesondere durch eine materialsparende Konstruktion, eine Optimierung der einzelnen Lagerfunktionen und eine verbesserte Einstellbarkeit auszeichnet.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a bearing device for the rotor of a rotating machine, in particular a hydrogenerator rotating about a vertical axis, which avoids the disadvantages of known bearing devices and, in particular, is characterized by a material-saving design, an optimization of the individual bearing functions and an improved one Adjustability distinguishes.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Gesamtheit der Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Der Kern der Erfindung besteht darin, beim kombinierten Axial- und Radiallager die Aufnahme der axialen Kräfte wie Gewichtskräfte und Schubkräfte vollständig von der Aufnahme radialer Kräfte und der Aufgabe der Zentrierung und radialen Führung zu entkoppeln, indem zur Aufnahme radialer Kräfte und zur Zentrierung tangential orientierte Verbindungselemente vorgesehen sind, welche mit dem einen Ende an dem Fundament und mit dem anderen Ende unmittelbar am Lagerkörper angelenkt sind. Unter der tangentialen Orientierung ist im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verstehen, dass die Verbindungselemente gegen den Radius in ihrem Anlenkpunkt in Umfangsrichtung um einen Winkel geneigt angeordnet sind, dieser Neigungswinkel ist unter allen Umständen grösser als 0°, bevorzugt grösser als 30°, und erreicht bei volltangentialer Orientierung 90°. Vereinfacht kann diese Konfiguration als eine Kombination zweier voneinander unabhängiger Lagersterne angesehen werden. Hierdurch ist es insbesondere möglich, auf aufwendige Queπ/erstrebungen zwischen den Tragarmen des Lagersterns zu verzichten. Darüber hinaus lässt sich durch die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung die Tragkonstruktion vereinfachen und damit eine Einsparung an Material und Gewicht erzielen.The object is achieved by the entirety of the features of claim 1. The essence of the invention is to completely decouple the absorption of the axial forces, such as weight and thrust forces, from the absorption of radial forces and the task of centering and radial guidance in the combined axial and radial bearing, by means of connecting elements which are oriented tangentially to accommodate radial forces and for centering are provided which are hinged at one end to the foundation and at the other end directly to the bearing body. In the sense of the present invention, the tangential orientation is understood to mean that the connecting elements are arranged at an angle to the radius in their articulation point in the circumferential direction, this angle of inclination being greater than 0 ° under all circumstances preferably greater than 30 °, and reaches 90 ° with full tangential orientation. In simple terms, this configuration can be viewed as a combination of two independent bearing stars. This makes it possible, in particular, to dispense with complex stretches between the support arms of the bearing star. In addition, the support structure can be simplified by the arrangement according to the invention and thus savings in material and weight can be achieved.
Von Vorteil ist bei dieser Konstruktion, wenn die Elemente, welche die axiale Last tragen, in Umfangsrichtung weich ausgebildet sind, und die tangential orientierten Elemente eine möglichst geringe Steifigkeit in axialer Richtung aufweisen.It is advantageous in this construction if the elements which carry the axial load are soft in the circumferential direction and the tangentially oriented elements have the lowest possible rigidity in the axial direction.
Bevorzugt sind die tangential orientierten Verbindungselemente in ihrer Länge einstellbar ausgebildet, wobei die Verbindungselemente insbesondere nach Art eines Spannschlosses durch Kombination eines Links- und eines Rechtsgewindes in der Länge stufenlos einstellbar sind. Hierdurch ist es möglich, auf einfache Weise zu jeder Zeit eine Zentrierung oder eine Korrektur der Zentrierung vorzunehmen und auch durch Erzeugen bestimmter, auch ungleichmässig verteilter Vorspannungen das Betriebsverhalten des Rotors und der gesamten Maschine vorteilhaft zu beeinflussen.The length of the tangentially oriented connecting elements is preferably adjustable, the connecting elements being infinitely variable in length, in particular in the manner of a turnbuckle, by combining a left-hand and a right-hand thread. This makes it possible to carry out a centering or a correction of the centering in a simple manner at any time and also to influence the operating behavior of the rotor and the entire machine advantageously by generating certain, evenly distributed, bias voltages.
Die Entkopplung der axial und radial wirkenden Lagersterne und die flexible Anpassung der Lagerungseinrichtung werden weiter verbessert, wenn die Verbindungselemente darüber hinaus als Gelenkstreben ausgebildet sind, welche mittels Lagerböcken am Lagerkörper bzw. am Fundament schwenkbar angelenkt sind. Derartige Gelenkstreben und die zugehörigen Lagerböcke sind als vorgefertigte Teile in unterschiedlichen Dimensionierungen erhältlich und verringern so die Kosten der Konstruktion.The decoupling of the axially and radially acting bearing stars and the flexible adaptation of the bearing device are further improved if the connecting elements are also designed as articulated struts which are pivotably articulated on the bearing body or on the foundation by means of bearing blocks. Such articulated struts and the associated bearing blocks are available as prefabricated parts in different dimensions and thus reduce the construction costs.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es für die Trennung der axialen und radialen Lagerfunktionen, wenn innerhalb des kombinierten Axial- und Radiallagers das Radiallager und das Axiallager in axialer Richtung gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet sind, und die Verbindungselemente im Bereich des Radiallagers und die Tragarme im Bereich des Axiallagers am Lagerkörper befestigt sind.It is particularly advantageous for the separation of the axial and radial bearing functions if the radial bearing and the axial bearing are arranged offset in relation to one another in the axial direction within the combined axial and radial bearing. and the connecting elements in the area of the radial bearing and the support arms in the area of the axial bearing are fastened to the bearing body.
Weitere Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.Further embodiments result from the dependent claims.
KURZE ERLÄUTERUNG DER FIGURENBRIEF EXPLANATION OF THE FIGURES
Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigenThe invention will be explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments in connection with the drawing. Show it
Fig. 1 in einem schematisierten Längsschnitt den mittels eines Radiallagers und eines kombinierten Axial- und Radiallagers gelagerten Rotor eines vertikale angeordneten Hydrogenerators, wie er zur Anwendung der Erfindung besonders geeignet ist;1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of the rotor of a vertically arranged hydrogen generator, which is mounted by means of a radial bearing and a combined axial and radial bearing, as is particularly suitable for the application of the invention;
Fig. 2 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht schräg von oben ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Lagerungseinrichtung nach der Erfindung bei einem in einem ringförmigen Fundament angeordneten Hydrogenerator gemäss der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Konfiguration; und2 shows a perspective view obliquely from above of a preferred exemplary embodiment of a bearing device according to the invention in the case of a hydrogenerator arranged in an annular foundation according to the configuration shown in FIG. 1; and
Fig. 3 in einer perspektivischen Schrägansicht von unten die Lagerungseinrichtung aus Fig. 2 ohne das Fundament.Fig. 3 in a perspective oblique view from below the storage device of Fig. 2 without the foundation.
WEGE ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In Fig. 1 ist in einem schematisierten Längsschnitt der Rotor 11 eines Hydrogenerators 10 dargestellt, in welchem die Erfindung ganz besonders vorteilhaft eingesetzt werden kann. Die dargestellte Erfindung kann selbstverständlich auch für andere Maschinen vorteilhaft einsetzen werden, so beispielsweise bei der Lagerung des Antriebsstranges grösser Schiffe. Der Rotor 11 rotiert um eine vertikale Achse 19. Er weist eine Welle 12 auf, die mittels eines (unteren) Radiallagers 16 und eines (oberen) kombinierten Axial- und Radiallagers 18 drehbar gelagert ist. Das kombinierte Axial- und Radiallager 18 umfasst übereinander angeordnet ein zweites Radiallager 15 und ein Axiallager 14, auf dem die Welle 12 mit einem Tragring 13 ruht. Die Radiallager 15, 16 sind zur Führung und Zentrierung des Rotors 11 im Bezug auf die Drehachse 19 vorgesehen. Darüber hinaus fangen sie radiale Kräfte auf, die z.B. durch eine Unwucht des Rotors entstehen können. Das Axiallager 14 fängt die axialen Kräfte auf, die sich insbesondere durch das Eigengewicht des Rotors 11 , die elektromagnetische Wechselwirkung zwischen dem Rotor 11 und dem ihn konzentrisch umgebenden (in Fig. 1 nicht gezeigten) Stator und den Schub ergeben, der durch die Einwirkung des Wasser auf die am unteren Ende des Rotors 11 angebrachte Turbine 17 entsteht. Das kombinierte Axial- und Radiallager 18 kann aber auch die Position mit dem Radiallager 16 tauschen und entsprechend unten angeordnet sein.1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of the rotor 11 of a hydrogen generator 10, in which the invention can be used particularly advantageously. The illustrated invention can of course also be used advantageously for other machines, for example the Storage of the drive train of larger ships. The rotor 11 rotates about a vertical axis 19. It has a shaft 12 which is rotatably supported by means of a (lower) radial bearing 16 and a (upper) combined axial and radial bearing 18. The combined axial and radial bearing 18 comprises a second radial bearing 15 and an axial bearing 14 arranged one above the other, on which the shaft 12 rests with a support ring 13. The radial bearings 15, 16 are provided for guiding and centering the rotor 11 with respect to the axis of rotation 19. In addition, they absorb radial forces that can arise, for example, from an imbalance in the rotor. The thrust bearing 14 absorbs the axial forces that result in particular from the weight of the rotor 11, the electromagnetic interaction between the rotor 11 and the stator concentrically surrounding it (not shown in FIG. 1) and the thrust caused by the action of the Water is generated on the turbine 17 attached to the lower end of the rotor 11. The combined axial and radial bearing 18 can, however, also exchange the position with the radial bearing 16 and be arranged accordingly below.
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich nun auf die Art, in welcher die auf das kombinierte Axial- und Radiallager 18 wirkenden axialen und radialen Kräfte direkt oder über den Stator in das üblicherweise aus Beton bestehende Fundament der Maschine eingeleitet werden. In Fig. 2 ist dazu in einer perspektivischen Ansicht schräg von oben ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemässe Lagerungseinrichtung wiedergegeben. Dargestellt ist in der Figur das (obere) kombinierte Axial- und Radiallager 23 eines Hydrogenerators 20, der von einem hohlzylindrischen, ringförmigen Fundament 21 aus Beton umgeben ist. Durch das oben offene kombinierte Axial- und Radiallager 23 hindurch erstreckt sich ein Stück der Welle 22 des Rotors. Der aktive Rotorteil wird an dieses Stück der Welle 22 mittels eines Flansches 32 angeflanscht (Fig. 3), der unterhalb des Lagers 23 angeordnet ist. Das kombinierte Axial- und Radiallager 23 umfasst ein Radiallager 25 und ein darunter angeordnetes (in Fig. 2 und 3 nicht sichtbares) Axiallager. Beide Läger sind in einem Lagerkörper 24 untergebracht, der nach aussen durch einen ringförmigen Aussenmantel begrenzt wird. Am Lagerkörper 24 sind im unteren Bereich des Axiallagers sternförmig und radial nach aussen gerichtet sechs Tragarme 27 angebracht. Selbstverständlich müssen diese Tragarme keineswegs zwingend, wie im Beispiel dargestellt, streng radial orientiert sein. Jeder der Tragarme 27 umfasst eine senkrecht stehende, sich nach aussen verjüngende Metallplatte 33, die mit einer zugehörigen Rippe 34 verschraubt ist. Die Rippen 34 sind ihrerseits teilweise untergreifend am Lagerkörper 24 angeschweisst. An den äusseren Enden der Tragarme 27 sind unterseitig Befestigungselemente 28 angeordnet, mit denen die Tragarme 27 auf der Oberseite des Stators befestigt sind. Die Befestigungselemente 28 sind in radialer Richtung biegeweich ausgebildet. Bei den in Fig. 2 und 3 beispielhaft dargestellten Elementen wird dies durch zwei senkrecht stehende, parallele und in radialer Richtung hintereinander angeordnete Blechstreifen erreicht, die oben und unten jeweils durch eine waagerechte Platte miteinander verbunden sind. Die Befestigungselemente können selbstverständlich aber auch Puffer aus Elastomeren oder andere zur Erfüllung der Funktion geeignete Konstruktionselemente sein. Die Tragarme 27 bilden zusammen mit dem Lagerkörper 24 einen Lagerstern 26, der die axialen Kräfte, die auf das Axiallager wirken, über einen im Sinne der Übersichtlichkeit nicht dargestellten Stator in das Fundament 21 einleitet. Die in radialer Richtung biegeweichen Befestigungselemente 28 stellen sicher, dass bei einer thermischen Ausdehnung des Lagersterns 26 die entstehenden Bewegungen aufgenommen und die Belastung und Deformation des Lagerkörpers 24 gering gehalten wird. Ebenso sind die Tragarme so ausgeführt, dass die Axiallagerung auch in Umfangsrichtung nur eine geringe Steifigkeit aufweist.The present invention now relates to the manner in which the axial and radial forces acting on the combined axial and radial bearing 18 are introduced directly or via the stator into the machine's foundation, which is usually made of concrete. 2 shows a preferred embodiment of a storage device according to the invention in a perspective view obliquely from above. The figure shows the (upper) combined axial and radial bearing 23 of a hydrogen generator 20, which is surrounded by a hollow cylindrical, annular foundation 21 made of concrete. A piece of the shaft 22 of the rotor extends through the combined axial and radial bearing 23, which is open at the top. The active rotor part is flanged to this piece of shaft 22 by means of a flange 32 (FIG. 3), which is arranged below the bearing 23. The combined axial and radial bearing 23 comprises a radial bearing 25 and an axial bearing arranged underneath (not visible in FIGS. 2 and 3). Both bearings are housed in a bearing body 24 which is bounded on the outside by an annular outer jacket. Six support arms 27 are attached to the bearing body 24 in the lower region of the axial bearing in a star shape and directed radially outward. Of course, these support arms do not have to be strictly radially oriented, as shown in the example. Each of the support arms 27 comprises a vertically standing, outwardly tapering metal plate 33 which is screwed to an associated rib 34. The ribs 34 are in turn partially welded under the bearing body 24. On the outer ends of the support arms 27, fastening elements 28 are arranged on the underside, with which the support arms 27 are fastened on the upper side of the stator. The fastening elements 28 are designed to be flexible in the radial direction. In the elements shown by way of example in FIGS. 2 and 3, this is achieved by two vertical, parallel and radially arranged sheet metal strips, which are connected to each other at the top and bottom by a horizontal plate. The fastening elements can of course also be buffers made of elastomers or other construction elements suitable for fulfilling the function. The support arms 27 together with the bearing body 24 form a bearing star 26 which introduces the axial forces which act on the axial bearing into the foundation 21 via a stator (not shown for the sake of clarity). The fastening elements 28, which are flexible in the radial direction, ensure that when the bearing star 26 expands thermally, the resulting movements are absorbed and the load and deformation of the bearing body 24 are kept low. The support arms are also designed in such a way that the axial bearing has only a low level of rigidity even in the circumferential direction.
Das exakte Positionieren des Lagerkörpers 24 bzw. der Welle 22 im Bezug auf die Drehachse wird bei der Lagereinrichtung gemäss Fig. 2 und 3 dagegen von (im Beispiels sechs) längenverstellbaren Gelenkstreben 29 übernommen. Das hat im Gegensatz zu den bis heute realisierten Bauformen den Vorteil, dass eine Einstellung der Zentrierung auch im fertig montierten Zustand möglich ist. Die Gelenkstreben 29 sind mittels Lagerböcken 30, 31 mit dem inneren Ende auf der Höhe des Radiallagers 25 am Aussenmantel des Lagerkörpers 24 und mit dem äusseren Ende an der Innenseite des Fundaments 21 schwenkbar angelenkt. Die Gelenkstreben 29 sind tangential zu einem konzentrisch zur Welle 22 angeordneten gedachten Kreis orientiert, so dass eine Ausdehnung des Lagerkörpers 24 in eine Verdrehung um die Rotationsachse der Maschine überführt wird. Die Gelenkstreben 29 sind mittels einer Kombination aus einem Rechts- und Linksgewinde nach Art eines Spannschlosses längenverstellbar ausgebildet. Hierdurch ist es möglich, auf einfache Weise und zu jeder Zeit nicht nur den Rotor bzw. die Welle im Bezug auf die Rotationsachse zu zentrieren oder nachzuzentrieren, sondern auch symmetrische oder unsymmetrische Vorspannungen aufzubauen, welche die Laufeigenschaften des Rotors, insbesondere im Bezug auf Schwingungsfrequenzen, vorteilhaft beeinflussen. Die Gelenkstreben 29 haben weiterhin den Vorteil, dass sie als handelsübliche Bauteile erhältlich sind und gegenüber aufwendigen Schweisskonstruktionen vergleichsweise leicht und platzsparend sind. Geeignete Gelenkstreben werden beispielsweise von der deutschen Firma Lisega GmbH, Zeven, unter der Typbezeichnung 39 angeboten.The exact positioning of the bearing body 24 or the shaft 22 with respect to the axis of rotation is taken over in the bearing device according to FIGS. 2 and 3, however, by (in the example six) length-adjustable articulated struts 29. In contrast to the designs that have been implemented to date, this has the advantage that the centering can also be adjusted in the fully assembled state. The hinge struts 29 are by means of bearing blocks 30, 31 with the inner end at the level of the radial bearing 25 on the outer surface of the bearing body 24 and with the outer end pivotally hinged to the inside of the foundation 21. The articulated struts 29 are oriented tangentially to an imaginary circle arranged concentrically to the shaft 22, so that an expansion of the bearing body 24 is converted into a rotation about the axis of rotation of the machine. The articulated struts 29 are designed to be length-adjustable by means of a combination of a right-hand and left-hand thread in the manner of a turnbuckle. This makes it possible, in a simple manner and at any time, not only to center or re-center the rotor or the shaft with respect to the axis of rotation, but also to build up symmetrical or asymmetrical preloads which affect the running properties of the rotor, in particular with regard to vibration frequencies, influence advantageous. The articulated struts 29 also have the advantage that they are available as commercially available components and are comparatively light and space-saving compared to complex welded structures. Suitable joint struts are offered, for example, by the German company Lisega GmbH, Zeven, under the type designation 39.
Die erfindungsgemässe Lagerungseinrichtung zeichnet sich insgesamt durch folgende Eigenschaften und Besonderheiten aus:The storage device according to the invention is characterized overall by the following properties and special features:
- Die Funktionen Tragen und Positionieren sind getrennt;- The functions carrying and positioning are separate;
- das Tragen wird nach wie vor von Tragarmen übernommen;- Carrying is still carried out by support arms;
- die Tragarme sind radial angeordnet,- the support arms are arranged radially,
- die Tragarme sind aussen auf biegeweichen Elementen am Stator befestigt; die thermische Ausdehnung wird hier aufgenommen, so dass der Lagerkörper nicht übermässig belastet und deformiert wird;- The support arms are attached to the outside on flexible elements on the stator; the thermal expansion is recorded here so that the bearing body is not excessively stressed and deformed;
- das exakte Positionieren des Lagerkörpers bzw. der Welle erfolgt durch Gelen kstreben,- The exact positioning of the bearing body or the shaft is done by gels struts,
- die Gelenkstreben sind tangential orientiert an Anlenkpunkten am Lagerkörper und am Fundament befestigt, so dass die thermische Ausdehnung leicht in eine Drehbewegung umgewandelt wird;- The articulated struts are oriented tangentially at articulation points on the bearing body and on the foundation, so that the thermal expansion is easily converted into a rotary movement;
- die radialen Tragarme weisen eine geringe Steifigkeit in Umfangsrichtung auf, dergestalt, dass die Drehbewegung des Lagerkörpers möglichst wenig behindert wird; - radiale Kräfte werden über die Gelenkstreben direkt ins Fundament geleitet;- The radial support arms have a low rigidity in the circumferential direction, such that the rotational movement of the bearing body is hampered as little as possible; - radial forces are conducted directly into the foundation via the articulated struts;
- die Gelenkstreben sind in der Länge leicht verstellbar; dadurch ist die exakte Positionierung der Welle gut möglich; auch eine später eventuell notwendige Korrektur der Wellenlage ist problemlos möglich; und- The length of the joint struts is easily adjustable; this enables the shaft to be positioned exactly; a later necessary correction of the shaft position is also possible without any problems; and
- die verstellbaren Gelenkstreben ermöglichen die Einstellung einer vorbestimmten Vorspannung der Lagerungseinrichtung.- The adjustable hinge struts allow the setting of a predetermined bias of the storage device.
BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
10,20 Hydrogenerator10.20 hydrogen generator
11 Rotor11 rotor
12,22 Welle12.22 wave
13 Tragring13 support ring
14 Axiallager (Traglager)14 thrust bearings
15,16 Radiallager (Führungslager)15.16 radial bearing (guide bearing)
17 Turbine17 turbine
18 kombiniertes Axial- und Radiallager18 combined axial and radial bearings
19 Achse19 axis
20 Radial-Axial-Lagereinheit20 radial-axial bearing unit
21 Fundament21 foundation
22 Welle22 wave
23 kombiniertes Axial- und Radiallager23 combined axial and radial bearings
24 Lagerkörper24 bearing body
25 Radiallager25 radial bearings
26 Lagerstern26 bearing star
27 Tragarm27 support arm
28 Befestigungselement (in radialer Richtung biegeweich)28 fastening element (flexible in the radial direction)
29 Gelenkstrebe (längenverstellbar)29 articulated strut (adjustable in length)
30,31 Lagerbock 2 Flansch 3 Metallplatte30.31 bearing block 2 flange 3 metal plate
34 Rippe 34 rib

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Lagerungseinrichtung für den Rotor (11 ) einer rotierenden Maschine, insbesondere eines um eine vertikale Achse (19) rotierenden Hydrogenerators (10, 20), umfassend ein kombiniertes Axial- und Radiallager (18, 23), welches in einem Lagerkörper (24) untergebracht ist, an welchem Lagerkörper zur Aufnahme axialer Kräfte Tragarme (27) befestigt sind, welche sich mit den freien Enden auf einer tragfähigen Unterlage abstützen, und wobei zwischen dem Lagerkörper (24) und einem den Rotor (11 ) umschliessenden Fundament (21 ) zur Aufnahme radialer Kräfte und zur Zentrierung des Lagerkörpers tangential orientierte Verbindungselemente (29) vorgesehen sind, welche an einem ersten Ende an dem Fundament (21) angelenkt sind, und welche Verbindungselemente (29) an einem zweiten Ende an einem unmittelbar am Lagerkörper (24) angeordneten Anlenkpunkt befestigt sind.1. Storage device for the rotor (11) of a rotating machine, in particular a hydrogenerator (10, 20) rotating about a vertical axis (19), comprising a combined axial and radial bearing (18, 23) which is located in a bearing body (24) is housed, on which bearing bodies for receiving axial forces are attached support arms (27) which are supported with the free ends on a load-bearing base, and between the bearing body (24) and a foundation (21) surrounding the rotor (11) Absorption of radial forces and connecting elements (29) oriented tangentially for centering the bearing body are provided, which are articulated on the foundation (21) at a first end, and which connecting elements (29) are arranged on a second end on a bearing body (24) directly on the bearing body Articulation point are attached.
2. Lagerungseinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindungselemente (29) in ihrer Länge einstellbar ausgebildet sind.2. Storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting elements (29) are adjustable in length.
3. Lagerungseinrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindungselemente (29) nach Art eines Spannschlosses durch Kombination eines Links- und eines Rechtsgewindes in der Länge stufenlos einstellbar sind.3. Storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that the connecting elements (29) are infinitely adjustable in length in the manner of a turnbuckle by combining a left-hand and a right-hand thread.
4. Lagerungseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindungselemente als Gelenkstreben (29) ausgebildet sind, welche mittels Lagerböcken (30, 31 ) am Lagerkörper (24) bzw. am Fundament (21) schwenkbar angelenkt sind.4. Storage device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the connecting elements are designed as articulated struts (29) which are pivotally articulated by means of bearing blocks (30, 31) on the bearing body (24) or on the foundation (21).
5. Lagerungseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass innerhalb des kombinierten Axial- und Radiallagers (18, 23) das Radiallager (15, 25) und das Axiallager (14) in axialer Richtung gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet sind, und dass die Verbindungselemente (29) im Bereich des Radiallagers (25) und die Tragarme (27) im Bereich des Axiallagers (14) am Lagerkörper (24) angelenkt sind.5. Bearing device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that within the combined axial and radial bearing (18, 23), the radial bearing (15, 25) and the axial bearing (14) are arranged offset from one another in the axial direction, and that the connecting elements (29) in the area of the radial bearing (25) and the support arms (27) in the area of the axial bearing (14) are articulated on the bearing body (24).
6. Lagerungseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tragarme (27) mit ihren freien Enden über in radialer Richtung biegeweiche Befestigungselemente (28) auf der tragfähigen Unterlage befestigt sind, derart, dass die Trag- und Führungsfunktion der Lagerungseinrichtung getrennt und unabhängig voneinander sind.6. Storage device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the support arms (27) with their free ends via radially flexible fastening elements (28) are fastened to the load-bearing base, such that the supporting and guiding function of the storage device are separate and independent of each other.
7. Lagerungseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Maschine (10, 20) einen den Rotor (11 ) konzentrisch umgebenden Stator aufweist, und dass sich die Tragarme (27) mit ihren freien Enden auf dem Stator abstützen.7. Storage device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the machine (10, 20) has a rotor (11) concentrically surrounding stator, and that the support arms (27) are supported with their free ends on the stator.
8. Verwendung einer Lagerungseinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 in einem Hydrogenerator mit vertikal angeordneter Achse. 8. Use of a storage device according to one of claims 1 to 7 in a hydrogenerator with a vertically arranged axis.
EP02710227A 2001-02-02 2002-02-01 Bearing device for the rotor of a rotating machine Withdrawn EP1356573A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10104696A DE10104696A1 (en) 2001-02-02 2001-02-02 Bearing device for rotor of rotating machine e.g. hydrogenerator, has bearer arms for taking up axial forces, and tangential connecting elements to take up radial forces and for centering combined bearing body
DE10104696 2001-02-02
CH5002001A CH694978A5 (en) 2001-03-19 2001-03-19 Bearing device for rotor of rotating machine e.g. hydrogenerator, has bearer arms for taking up axial forces, and tangential connecting elements to take up radial forces and for centering combined bearing body
CH500012001 2001-03-19
PCT/IB2002/000358 WO2002061923A1 (en) 2001-02-02 2002-02-01 Bearing device for the rotor of a rotating machine

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EP (1) EP1356573A1 (en)
CN (1) CN1240173C (en)
BR (1) BR0206803A (en)
CA (1) CA2436577C (en)
WO (1) WO2002061923A1 (en)

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US6942390B2 (en) 2005-09-13
BR0206803A (en) 2004-02-03
WO2002061923A1 (en) 2002-08-08
CA2436577A1 (en) 2002-08-08
CN1240173C (en) 2006-02-01
CN1489820A (en) 2004-04-14
US20040101221A1 (en) 2004-05-27
CA2436577C (en) 2009-10-06

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