EP0751283B1 - Support for a low pressure steam turbine - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a capacitor Low pressure steam turbine.

State of the art

For multi-level, from a high, a medium and a or several low-pressure parts existing steam turbines it is common to face the outer casing of the low pressure turbine the entire turbo set axially. Because of the and shutdown and thermal expansions occurring when the load changes starting from the specified low-pressure part, the pedestals, an additional low-pressure part, if available, the middle and the high pressure part as well as the generator can expand freely in the longitudinal direction.

EP-A1-05 75 642 discloses a double-casing low-pressure steam turbine known, which mainly consists of an inner housing with the turbine rotor and an outer casing with an evaporation chamber consists. The outer housing is divided into two, i.e. it has an upper and a lower part. The outer housing lower part is designed as an empty steel casing and in arranged a recess of the concrete foundation. At the bottom The capacitor connects to the end of the lower part of the housing. Either the parting line of the two housing parts as well as the capacitor connection are part of the foundation. The bearings for the inclusion of the rotor are above the Parting plane, i.e. above the foundation table.

The support of such a low-pressure steam turbine on one Concrete foundations are relatively complex and expensive. moreover occurs due to the vacuum train or the capacitor weight a high foundation load.

EP-A1-03 84 200 describes a steam condenser at ground level Installation next to the steam turbine known, which over an exhaust hood is connected to the steam turbine. The Steam escapes above the foundation. In contrast to the underfloor arrangement of the capacitor can both Height of the machine house as well as that of the turbine foundation be greatly reduced. The capacitor is simple Sliding shoes supported separately from the steam turbine, which reduces the load on the concrete foundation.

The disadvantage of this solution, however, is that it has to be overcome of the exhaust steam volume flow a very large exhaust hood for the low pressure steam turbine is needed, which is relative requires large installation space. This increases both the manufacturing costs as well as the assembly effort. In addition, the Steam flow from the lower part of the housing into the exhaust hood be redirected, resulting in a loss of pressure and thus less Efficiency. They also act on the exhaust hood the low pressure steam turbine has relatively large horizontal forces, which suitably on the foundation must be transferred. This in turn increases the manufacturing costs the steam turbine.

Presentation of the invention

The invention tries to avoid all these disadvantages. you the task is based on the efficiency of one with one Increase condenser connected low pressure steam turbine and reduce their manufacturing costs.

According to the invention this is achieved in that Device according to the preamble of claim 1, the Parting plane of the upper and lower part of the outer housing in Axle height of the turbine rotor lies and the concrete foundation up to the parting line. Both the lower part of the outer case as well as the bearings of the turbine rotor are in the concrete foundation established. The outer casing is at least one-sided open, the opening (s) being rectangular and arranged horizontally to the axis of the turbine rotor is / are. With only one side opening of the outer housing is a capacitor with two side openings connected.

If there is only one capacitor, the upper part of the External housing from a mounting hood and one with the lower part and connected to the capacitor in a material or non-positive manner Frame member. The mounting hood is both with the lower part of the outer housing as well as with the frame part or positively connected, the latter between the capacitor and mounting hood is arranged. With two capacitors a frame part is formed on both sides.

Since the concrete foundation up to the axis height of the turbine rotor or to the parting line of the upper and lower part of the outer housing enough, both the lower part will be produced on site as well as the bearings of the turbine rotor with the Pour the foundation. The concrete foundation takes over this Even the operating forces of the low-pressure steam turbine and the capacitor or capacitors connected to it and can therefore be used optimally.

If the outer housing is open on one side, the to the side and at the same level as the low-pressure steam turbine attached condenser in the area of the entire opening with be connected to the evaporation chamber. Is the outer casing on both sides Open, both capacitors are the same Way connected to the steam room. The steam flow arrives with both variants directly and without again to be redirected to the condenser. Consequently the pressure loss is reduced and the efficiency compared improved the prior art.

Each with a capacitor and the lower part of the outer casing The frame part which is connected by material or force fit serves the purpose Stiffening of the outer housing upper part. Because of the non-positive Connection of the top of the evaporation chamber Hood with the frame part and the outer housing lower part, the hood can be designed as an assembly hood. It is therefore much lighter and simpler than the evaporation hoods of the prior art. Also guaranteed the mounting hood for better accessibility the internal components of the low pressure steam turbine. Also a welded sheet steel construction of the assembly hood is possible. This reduces the manufacturing costs and the Installation work on the steam turbine continues.

Because of the inventive design of the low pressure steam turbine the lower part of the outer casing and the Bearing points already when creating the concrete foundation integrated into this. At the same time, the frame part or the frame parts of the upper part are material or non-positive connected to the lower part of the outer housing. As loose Parts are just the inner casing with the turbine rotor and executed the assembly hood. During the final assembly of the low pressure steam turbine becomes the pre-assembled compact unit from foundation, outer housing (lower part and frame part / s) and finally only through the already mentioned components completed. This results in a special one low assembly effort and low manufacturing costs. It is advantageous if at the lower part of the outer housing several preferably arranged vertical, outer formwork ribs are. This creates when creating the concrete foundation an intimate connection with the lower part, so that the occurring forces are better derived via the foundation can be.

Of course, a system of at least two of the above can also be used described low pressure steam turbines can be realized, in which system two or more, analog trained Low pressure steam turbines are connected to each other. There is also a turbo group consisting of a low pressure steam turbine and associated high pressure or medium pressure steam turbines possible, the high pressure or medium pressure steam turbines Have bearings, which are analog the bearings of the low pressure steam turbine are.

Brief description of the drawing

Fig. 1

einen Längsschnitt der Niederdruck-Dampfturbine;

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt durch die Dampfturbine entsprechend Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf die vormontierte Einheit aus Fundament und Aussengehäuse-Unterteil;

Fig. 4

einen Querschnitt durch die Eintrittspartie der Dampfturbine.

In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown using a double-flow low-pressure steam turbine.
Show it:

Fig. 1

a longitudinal section of the low pressure steam turbine;

Fig. 2

a cross section through the steam turbine corresponding to FIG. 1;

Fig. 3

a plan view of the pre-assembled unit from the foundation and outer housing lower part;

Fig. 4

a cross section through the inlet section of the steam turbine.

It is only essential for understanding the invention Elements shown. The system is not shown for example, those arranged in the upper part of the outer housing Cooling water injection pipes.

Way of carrying out the invention

The low-pressure steam turbine is located on the ground floor and has a double casing trained, i.e. their housing essentially consists an outer housing 1 and an inner housing 2, which are arranged separately from each other. This allows the mass and movement forces of the outer housing 1 are not act on the inner housing 2 and vice versa.

An evaporation chamber 3 is located between the outer and inner housings 1, 2 educated. A turbine rotor 4 is arranged in the inner housing 2 and rotatably connected to a shaft end part 5. The two-part outer housing 1 consists of an upper and a Lower part 6, 7, the parting plane 8 at the level of the axis 9 of the turbine rotor 4. On both sides of the turbine rotor 4 is a bearing 10 with corresponding support bearings 11 for the turbine rotor 4 formed (Fig. 1). The outer casing 1 has a housing bushing 12 on both sides for the shaft end part 5 of the turbine rotor 4. In the area of each housing bushing 12 is an encapsulated on the shaft end part 5 Shaft seal 13 arranged which the evaporation chamber 3 after seals outside.

The low pressure steam turbine is supported by a concrete foundation 14 added, which has a recess 15 for this purpose. The lower part 7 of the outer housing 1 is as one Steel formwork up to the parting line 8 of the outer casing 1 reaching concrete foundation 14 formed. So that are both the lower part 7 of the outer housing 1 and the bearings 10 of the turbine rotor 4 set in the concrete foundation 14 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2).

In addition to the outer casing 1 of the low pressure steam turbine a condenser 16 is arranged and connected to the evaporation chamber 3. The condenser 16, like the steam turbine, is at ground level established. For this purpose, the outer casing 1 of the low-pressure steam turbine perpendicular and horizontal to axis 9 of the turbine rotor 4 open on one side. The capacitor 16 connects to the opening 17 of the outer housing 1 (FIG. 2). The lower part 7 of the outer housing 1 has a top view a U-shape, which is open to the capacitor 16 (Fig. 3). On the lower part 7 there are several vertical, outer casing ribs 18 arranged, creating a stable connection is achieved with the concrete foundation 14. The formwork ribs 18 can of course also be aligned differently his.

The upper part 6 of the outer housing 1 is a mounting hood 19 and one with the lower part 7 and the capacitor Form-fittingly connected frame part 20 is formed. The assembly hood 19 closes the evaporation chamber 3 above the parting plane 8 complete. It consists of a welded sheet steel construction with two end walls 21 and stiffeners 22 as well as a vertical and a horizontal Connection flange 23, 24. In the mounting hood 19 is an evaporator nozzle 25 attached over which the steam from the not shown medium pressure steam turbine is fed.

The frame part 20 is bow-shaped and on the capacitor 16 and welded to the lower part 7 of the outer housing 1 (Fig. 2). It is at least partially inside hollow and is in the manufacture of the concrete foundation 14th shed simultaneously with the lower part 7 of the outer housing 1. Of course, it can also only be welded. A positive connection by means of screws is also possible. The frame part 20 carries the mounting hood 19 and is the link between it and the capacitor 16. For this purpose, it is connected to the vertical connecting flange 23 Mounting hood 19 screwed. However, another can non-positive or a positive connection selected become. To seal the lower part 7 of the outer housing 1 screwed mounting hood 19 is on the horizontal Connection flange 24 welded a sealing strip, not shown. Another sealing strip is between the vertical Connection flange 23 and the frame part 20 arranged. Of course, other suitable sealants can also be used Find use.

At the bearing points 10 is a bearing saddle 26 in each Concrete foundation 14 inserted and anchored to this. The Bearing saddle 26 receives an oil pan 27, which with an in the concrete foundation 14 integrated oil drain line 28 connected is. The support bearing 11 is arranged in the bearing saddle 26 and secured against vertical movements (Fig. 1). The depository 10 is covered with a housing cover 29.

The exact alignment of the turbine rotor 4 to the subsequent ones Neighboring rotors of other sub-turbines or to the generator takes place by means of an adjusting device, not shown.

The inner housing is in the region of the base 30 of the recess 15 2 of the low pressure steam turbine mounted on four supports 31 and guided over two guides 32 in the axial direction. The guides 32 are connected to the concrete foundation 14 and adjustable transversely to the axis 9 of the turbine rotor 4 (FIG. 4).

Already when creating the concrete foundation 14 both the lower part 7 of the outer housing 1 and the bearings 10 of the turbine rotor 4 integrated. The concrete foundation 14 is up to the level of the parting plane 8 of the lower and Upper part 7, 6 of the outer housing 1 is formed. After assembly the capacitor 16 is also filled with concrete Frame part 20 with the capacitor 16 and the lower part 7 of the outer housing 1 welded. During the final assembly of the Low pressure steam turbine becomes this pre-assembled, compact Unit only through the inner housing 2 with the turbine rotor 4 and completed by the assembly hood 19. As a result the possibility of also the inner casing 2 and the turbine rotor 4 pre-assembled, to be transported together and finally together in the prepared concrete foundation 14 use. This results in a particularly low installation effort and low manufacturing costs.

When operating the low pressure steam turbine, the steam flow from the medium pressure steam turbine, not shown, over the Inlet nozzle 25 introduced into the inner housing 2. He drives the turbine rotor 4 and is up to the evaporation pressure relaxed. Finally, the steam passes through the Evaporation chamber 3 and the opening 17 of the outer housing 1 direct path, i.e. without having to be redirected again in the capacitor 16 and is deposited there.

In a second embodiment there are two capacitors 16 connected to the low pressure steam turbine. In addition, their Outer housing 1 on both sides at right angles and horizontally arranged to the axis 9 of the turbine rotor 4, lateral Opening 17 on. There is a capacitor 16 at each opening 17 connected and each with a frame part 20 and the lower part 7 of the outer housing 1 connected (not shown). All other components are essentially analogous to that shown Embodiment designed and arranged.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiment described and illustrated with a low-pressure steam turbine. Likewise, two or more, analog, low-pressure steam turbines can be connected to one another.
The bearing points of high-pressure or medium-pressure steam turbines connected to the low-pressure steam turbine to form a turbo group can also be designed in the same way as the bearing points 10 of the low-pressure steam turbine.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

outer casing

2

inner housing

3

exhaust steam

4

turbine rotor

5

shaft end

6

top

7

lower part

8th

parting plane

9

axis

10

depository

11

support bearings

12

Housing bushing

13

shaft seal

14

concrete foundation

15

recess

16

capacitor

17

opening

18

formwork rib

19

mounting hood

20

frame part

21

bulkhead

22

stiffening

23

Connection flange, vertical

24

Connection flange, horizontal

25

Zudampfstutzen

26

bearing saddle

27

oil pan

28

Oil drain line

29

housing cover

30

Base

31

support

32

guide

Claims (6)

1. Low-pressure steam turbine mainly comprising

   a) an inner casing (2) with a turbine rotor (4) and an outer casing (1) with an exhaust-steam space (3), the outer casing (1) having a top and bottom part (6, 7),

   b) a concrete foundation (14) with a recess (15) for accommodating the low-pressure steam turbine, in particular the bottom part (7) of its outer casing (1), which is designed as steel formwork of the concrete foundation (14),

   c) bearing points (10) on both sides with corresponding supporting bearings (11) for the turbine rotor (4),

   d) a condenser (16) connected to the outer casing (1) and arranged at the side of the latter,
   characterized in that

   e) the dividing plane (8) of the top and bottom part (6, 7) of the outer casing (1) lies at the level of the axis (9) of the turbine rotor (4) and the concrete foundation (14) reaches up to the dividing plane (8),

   f) both the bottom part (7) of the outer casing (1) and the bearing points (10) of the turbine rotor (4) are secured in the concrete foundation (14),

   g) the outer casing (1) is designed to be open at least on one side at right angles to and horizontally to the axis (9) of the turbine rotor (4), and a condenser (16) is attached to each of the lateral openings (17) in the outer casing (1),

   h) the top part (6) of the outer casing (1) consists of an assembly hood (19) and, for each condenser (16), a frame part (20) connected to the latter and the bottom part (7) by retention of self substance or in a non-positive manner,

   i) the assembly hood (19) is connected to the bottom part (7) of the outer casing (1) and to each frame part (20) in a non-positive or positive-locking manner and one frame part (20) each is arranged between a condenser (16) and the assembly hood (19).
2. Low-pressure steam turbine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the assembly hood (19) is made of steel plate and has stiffeners (22).
3. Low-pressure steam turbine according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of, preferably vertical, outer formwork ribs (18) are arranged on the bottom part (7) of the outer casing (1).
4. Low-pressure steam turbine according to Claim 3, characterized in that a bearing saddle (26) is in each case embedded in the concrete foundation (14) at the bearing points (10), and each bearing saddle (26) accommodates an oil pan (27) which is connected to an oil-drain line (28) integrated in the concrete foundation (14).
5. System of at least two low-pressure steam turbines designed according to one or more of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least two low-pressure steam turbines of analogous design are connected to one another.
6. Turbogroup, characterized in that a low-pressure steam turbine according to one or more of Claims 1 to 4 is connected to high-pressure or intermediate-pressure steam turbines, the high-pressure or intermediate-pressure steam turbines having bearing points which are of analogous design to the bearing points (10) of the low-pressure steam turbine.

Images