EP1355120A1 - Device for provisionally connecting and pyrotechnically separating two elements, with no rupture - Google Patents

Device for provisionally connecting and pyrotechnically separating two elements, with no rupture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1355120A1
EP1355120A1 EP03101062A EP03101062A EP1355120A1 EP 1355120 A1 EP1355120 A1 EP 1355120A1 EP 03101062 A EP03101062 A EP 03101062A EP 03101062 A EP03101062 A EP 03101062A EP 1355120 A1 EP1355120 A1 EP 1355120A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
connecting piece
pyrotechnic
connection
face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03101062A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1355120B1 (en
Inventor
Patrick Comtesse
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EADS Space Transportation SA
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EADS Launch Vehicles SA
EADS Space Transportation SA
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Publication of EP1355120A1 publication Critical patent/EP1355120A1/en
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Publication of EP1355120B1 publication Critical patent/EP1355120B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B15/00—Self-propelled projectiles or missiles, e.g. rockets; Guided missiles
    • F42B15/36—Means for interconnecting rocket-motor and body section; Multi-stage connectors; Disconnecting means
    • F42B15/38—Ring-shaped explosive elements for the separation of rocket parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device suitable for provide a temporary link between two elements and using a pyrotechnic expansion tube for separate these elements, without requiring the breaking of a any piece.
  • Such a device can in particular be used in the aeronautics and space industries, for order in a very short time the separation of two structural elements, while ensuring transmission possible significant effort between these two elements, before failure is made.
  • Pyrotechnic separation devices usually include an expansion tube pyrotechnic, i.e. a waterproof metal tube and deformable, in which a detonating cord circulates.
  • a flexible material such as rubber is interposed between the detonating cord and the tube that envelops it. before firing, the tube has a section oblong, for example in the shape of an ellipse or a circle flattened.
  • the expansion tube pyrotechnic is used to cut one of the two elements according to a given cutting line, in order to separate the two elements from each other.
  • the elements to be separated are metal, it is known to house the expansion tube pyrotechnic in the bottom of a sectioned recess U shape practiced in one of these elements. The other element is then fixed in the entry of this recess, for example by means of bolts or the like. The updating fire from the detonating cord causes the two to break lateral branches of the hollow element, along lines defined by zones of reduced thickness.
  • the documents FR-A-2 598 796 and EP-A-0 273 061 illustrate devices of this type.
  • the object of the invention is to produce a pyrotechnic separation device, the original design allows it to separate elements in any material, in particular metallic, without causing any part to break.
  • a temporary connection device and pyrotechnic separation comprising a tube pyrotechnic expansion mounted in a space provided in a connection zone between two elements to be separated, said space being delimited in part by a piece of integral connection of a first of said elements, said connecting piece normally ensuring a connection by pressure between said elements and being able to deform, when using the expansion tube pyrotechnic, to release said connection by pressure, characterized in that the connecting piece has a base part attached to one side of the first element and at least one active part, one of which end is able to maintain a heel of the second element resting against a complementary footprint formed on the first element, to form said pressure bonding, said space being formed in the first item or in the heel of the second item and opening out in front of the active part of the connection, between the base part and the end.
  • the aforementioned end of the active part of the connecting piece is shaped like hook, so as to be normally received in a notch formed in the heel of the second element.
  • the connecting piece and the face of the first element preferably cooperate between them by complementary surfaces with wedge, able to slightly move said end in hook shape towards the base part, when tightening of means for fixing said base part based on the first element.
  • the connecting piece comprises advantageously a plurality of active parts made in one piece with the base part and able to deform away from said face, when an implementation of the pyrotechnic expansion tube.
  • the two elements can be annular and arranged end to end or constituted by panels arranged end to end.
  • the connecting piece encircles the junction zone.
  • the connecting piece overlaps the area of junction.
  • FIG. 1 to 3 There is shown in Figures 1 to 3 a mode preferred embodiment of a connecting device 10 temporary and pyrotechnic separation, placed between a first element 12 and a second element 14.
  • the first element 12 and the second element 14 are advantageously constituted either as two annular elements, substantially of the same diameter, either by two panels of any shape. In the two cases, elements 12 and 14 are provided to be assembled end to end.
  • the device 10 according to the invention is located in the connection area between the two elements 12 and 14. It mainly includes a tube pyrotechnic expansion 16 of conventional design, as well as a connecting piece 18.
  • the tube to pyrotechnic expansion 16 is housed in a space 20 which is formed in the first element 12 and opens out on a face 22 of it. More specifically, the space 20 is materialized by a section groove rectangular and the pyrotechnic expansion tube 16 is flush with the face 22 of the first element 12 when it is placed inside said groove.
  • the first element 12 At its end located beyond space 20, the first element 12 includes an imprint 24 whose function will appear later.
  • This imprint 24 is delimited in this case by a perpendicular flank to the face 22 of the first element 12 and leading to said face, and by a sidewall parallel to face 22.
  • the face 22 of the first element 12 comprises a hollow part connected by an inclined surface 26, to the part of said face in which is formed space 20.
  • the recessed part of the face 22 of the first element 12 is crossed by holes 28 intended for passage fasteners such as screws 30 associated with nuts 44 and materializing fixing means of the connecting piece 18 on the face 22 of the first item 12.
  • the second element 14 comprises, at its end intended to be assembled to the first element 12, a heel 32.
  • This heel 32 is provided to come in support against the imprint 24 formed at the end of the first element 12. To this end, it presents surfaces complementary to those which delimit footprint 24.
  • the heel 32 of the second element 14 includes plus a notch 36, on its face 34 intended to be turned on the same side as the face 22 of the first element 12.
  • the notch 36 has the form of a rectangular section groove.
  • the connecting piece 18 comprises a part of base 38, as well as at least one and preferably several active parts 40.
  • Active parts 40 are made in one piece with the base part 38. They are designed to be able to deform when they are subjected to the effort generated by the firing of the detonating cord contained in the tube pyrotechnic expansion 16.
  • the base part 38 is intended to be fixed on the face 22 of the first element 12 using the aforementioned fixing means.
  • the part of base is traversed by holes 42 which are substantially aligned with the holes 28 when the part link 18 is put in place.
  • the screws 30 are then introduced into the aligned holes 28 and 42.
  • the nuts 44 are then screwed onto the screws 30, to complete the fixing means.
  • the face 46 of the connecting piece 18 provided to be applied to the face 22 of the first element 12 has a shape complementary to that of said face 22.
  • this face 26 of the connecting piece 18 includes an inclined surface 48 complementary to the inclined surface 26 of the face 22.
  • the inclined surfaces 26 and 48 thus form complementary corner effect surfaces, including the arrangement is such that the connecting piece 18 is moved slightly downward considering the figures, when tightening the bolts formed by the screws 30 and the nuts 44, said bolts materializing the means for fixing the connecting piece 18 to the first element 12.
  • the active parts 40 extend the part of base 38 of the connecting piece 18 so as to extend beyond the imprint 24 formed at the end of the first element 12, when the connecting piece 18 is attached to it.
  • Each of the active parts 40 comprises a hook-shaped end 50.
  • FIG. 2 This arrangement obtained after assembly of the elements 12 and 14 by the connecting pieces 18 and the fixing means 30, 44 is illustrated in FIG. 2. It makes it possible to establish a provisional link between the different parts and constitutes a "normal" state of assembly.
  • the swelling of the tube 16 with pyrotechnic expansion has the effect of bending the active parts 40 of the connecting piece 18 around of their connection zones with the base part 38 of this part, away from the first element 12. This is made possible by the rigid nature of the part of element 12 in which the space 20 is machined and by the deformable nature of the active parts 40.
  • the active parts 40 of the connecting piece 18 then open, in a very short time, to the way of the petals of a flower. This has the effect of completely release the ends 50 in the form of hooks of the notch 36 formed in the heel 32.
  • the mechanical connection between elements 12 and 14 is thus deleted. These elements can therefore separate one of the other, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the elements 12 and 14 can be either of shapes annular, either consisting of flat panels or of any other form.
  • the piece of link 18 encircles the link area between the two elements and the active parts 40 are distributed over its entire circumference.
  • the piece of link 18 overlaps the junction area of the two panels.
  • the fixing means can take different shapes (rivets, screws, etc.).
  • the expansion tube 16 pyrotechnic can also be mounted in a space machined in the heel 32 of the second part 14, between the end of the heel and the notch 36.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

The temporary connector (10) for two components (12, 14) consists of a linking piece (18) with a base section (38) fastened to one of the components e.g. by bolts (30) and nuts (44), and active portions (40) covering a recess (20) containing a pyrotechnic expansion tube (16). The active portions are deformable and have hook-shaped ends engaging with a groove (36) in the second component (14) to form a pressure coupling. The detonation of the pyrotechnic tube deforms the active portions to disengage the hooks and separate the two components without damaging them.

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

L'invention concerne un dispositif apte à assurer une liaison provisoire entre deux éléments et utilisant un tube à expansion pyrotechnique pour séparer ces éléments, sans nécessiter la rupture d'une pièce quelconque.The invention relates to a device suitable for provide a temporary link between two elements and using a pyrotechnic expansion tube for separate these elements, without requiring the breaking of a any piece.

Un tel dispositif peut notamment être utilisé dans les industries aéronautique et spatiale, pour commander en un temps très bref la séparation de deux éléments structurels, tout en assurant la transmission éventuelle d'efforts importants entre ces deux éléments, avant que la rupture ne soit effectuée.Such a device can in particular be used in the aeronautics and space industries, for order in a very short time the separation of two structural elements, while ensuring transmission possible significant effort between these two elements, before failure is made.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Lorsque deux éléments entre lesquels passent des efforts doivent être séparés de façon irréversible, en un temps très bref, au moyen d'une commande à distance, on utilise couramment des dispositifs de séparation pyrotechnique intégrés dans la zone de jonction entre les deux éléments.When two elements between which pass efforts must be irreversibly separated, in a very short time, by means of a command to distance, we commonly use pyrotechnic separation integrated in the area of junction between the two elements.

Les dispositifs de séparation pyrotechnique comprennent généralement un tube à expansion pyrotechnique, c'est-à-dire un tube métallique étanche et déformable, dans lequel circule un cordeau détonant. Un matériau souple tel que du caoutchouc est interposé entre le cordeau détonant et le tube qui l'enveloppe. avant la mise à feu, le tube présente une section oblongue, par exemple en forme d'ellipse ou de cercle aplati.Pyrotechnic separation devices usually include an expansion tube pyrotechnic, i.e. a waterproof metal tube and deformable, in which a detonating cord circulates. A flexible material such as rubber is interposed between the detonating cord and the tube that envelops it. before firing, the tube has a section oblong, for example in the shape of an ellipse or a circle flattened.

Lorsque le cordeau détonant est mis à feu, l'onde de choc qui se propage à très grande vitesse le long du tube déforme celui-ci et tend à lui donner une section circulaire.When the detonating cord is ignited, the shock wave which propagates at very high speed the along the tube distorts it and tends to give it a circular section.

Dans les dispositifs de séparation pyrotechnique existants, le tube à expansion pyrotechnique est utilisé pour découper l'un des deux éléments selon une ligne de découpe donnée, afin de séparer les deux éléments l'un de l'autre.In separation devices existing pyrotechnics, the expansion tube pyrotechnic is used to cut one of the two elements according to a given cutting line, in order to separate the two elements from each other.

Dans le cas où les éléments à séparer sont métalliques, il est connu de loger le tube à expansion pyrotechnique dans le fond d'un évidement à section en forme de U pratiqué dans l'un de ces éléments. L'autre élément est alors fixé dans l'entrée de cet évidement, par exemple au moyen de boulons ou analogues. La mise à feu du cordeau détonant provoque la cassure des deux branches latérales de l'élément évidé, selon des lignes définies par des zones d'épaisseur réduite. Les documents FR-A-2 598 796 et EP-A-0 273 061 illustrent des dispositifs de ce type.In case the elements to be separated are metal, it is known to house the expansion tube pyrotechnic in the bottom of a sectioned recess U shape practiced in one of these elements. The other element is then fixed in the entry of this recess, for example by means of bolts or the like. The updating fire from the detonating cord causes the two to break lateral branches of the hollow element, along lines defined by zones of reduced thickness. The documents FR-A-2 598 796 and EP-A-0 273 061 illustrate devices of this type.

Il est également connu, comme l'illustre le document US-A-4 137 848, de loger le tube à expansion pyrotechnique entre deux parties en vis-à-vis des éléments métalliques à séparer, en donnant à l'une desdites parties une épaisseur réduite. Les deux éléments sont reliés l'un à l'autre par des boulons ou analogues, d'un côté du tube et à proximité de celui-ci. La mise à feu du cordeau détonant provoque la cassure de la partie d'épaisseur réduite.It is also known, as illustrated by document US-A-4 137 848, to house the expansion tube pyrotechnic between two parties opposite metallic elements to be separated, giving one of said parts a reduced thickness. Both elements are connected to each other by bolts or analogues, on one side of the tube and close to it. The firing of the detonating cord causes the breakage of the reduced thickness part.

Le document US-A-3 362 290 décrit un agencement très proche de celui qui fait l'objet des documents FR-A-2 598 796 et EP-A-0 273 061. Toutefois, au lieu de provoquer la cassure de l'élément, évidé, la mise à feu du cordeau détonant provoque, dans ce cas, le cisaillement des rivets servant à assembler les deux éléments, avant leur séparation. A cet effet, les rivets sont creux et de petit diamètre.Document US-A-3,362,290 describes a arrangement very close to that which is the subject of documents FR-A-2 598 796 and EP-A-0 273 061. However, instead of causing the element to be broken, hollowed out, the firing of the detonating cord causes, in this case, shearing of the rivets used to join the two elements, before their separation. To this end, the rivets are hollow and of small diameter.

Lorsque les éléments à séparer sont des structures de type sandwich, il a été proposé de loger le tube à expansion pyrotechnique dans une partie de ces structures dépourvue d'âme alvéolaire. La mise à feu du cordeau détonant a alors pour effet de découper les parties du revêtement de la structure situées en face dudit tube. Des agencements de ce type sont décrits dans les documents FR-A-2 779 223 et FR-A-2 779 224.When the elements to be separated are sandwich type structures, it has been proposed to house the pyrotechnic expansion tube in part of these structures devoid of alveolar core. The updating fire of the detonating cord then has the effect of cutting the parts of the covering of the structure located in face of said tube. Arrangements of this type are described in documents FR-A-2 779 223 and FR-A-2 779,224.

Dans le document FR-A-2 779 222, il est décrit un agencement comparable, dans lequel les deux éléments sont reliés initialement l'un à l'autre par au moins une pièce de liaison collée. Lors de la mise à feu, l'expansion du tube provoque le décollement de la pièce de liaison et la séparation des deux éléments.In document FR-A-2 779 222, it is described a comparable arrangement, in which the two elements are initially connected to each other by at least a bonded connecting piece. When firing, the expansion of the tube causes the part to come off connecting and separating the two elements.

En résumé, tous les dispositifs connus de séparation pyrotechnique associés à des pièces métalliques réalisent la séparation desdites pièces en commandant la rupture de l'une d'entre elles ou le cisaillement des organes qui en assurent l'assemblage. Il en est généralement de même dans le cas des dispositifs associés à des pièces en matériaux composites.In summary, all the known devices of pyrotechnic separation associated with parts metallic parts separate said parts into ordering the rupture of one of them or the shearing of the organs which ensure their assembly. It is generally the same in the case of devices associated with parts made of materials composites.

La seule exception concerne le cas du dispositif décrit dans le document FR-A-2 779 222, dans lequel la découpe de l'un des deux éléments est remplacée par le décollement d'une pièce de liaison collée. Toutefois, ce type de dispositif ne peut être utilisé que pour relier des éléments en matériaux composites.The only exception is in the case of device described in document FR-A-2 779 222, in which the cutting of one of the two elements is replaced by detachment of a connecting piece glued. However, this type of device cannot be used only to connect elements in materials composites.

Exposé de l'inventionStatement of the invention

L'invention a pour but la réalisation d'un dispositif de séparation pyrotechnique dont la conception originale lui permet de séparer des éléments en des matériaux quelconques, notamment métalliques, sans entraíner la rupture d'aucune pièce.The object of the invention is to produce a pyrotechnic separation device, the original design allows it to separate elements in any material, in particular metallic, without causing any part to break.

Conformément à l'invention, ce résultat est obtenu au moyen d'un dispositif de liaison provisoire et de séparation pyrotechnique, comprenant un tube à expansion pyrotechnique monté dans un espace ménagé dans une zone de liaison entre deux éléments à séparer, ledit espace étant délimité en partie par une pièce de liaison solidaire d'un premier desdits éléments, ladite pièce de liaison assurant normalement une liaison par pression entre lesdits éléments et étant apte à se déformer, lors d'une mise en oeuvre du tube à expansion pyrotechnique, pour libérer ladite liaison par pression, caractérisé en ce que la pièce de liaison comporte une partie de base fixée sur une face du premier élément et au moins une partie active dont une extrémité est apte à maintenir un talon du deuxième élément en appui contre une empreinte complémentaire formée sur le premier élément, pour former ladite liaison par pression, ledit espace étant formé dans le premier élément ou dans le talon du deuxième élément et débouchant en face de la partie active de la pièce de liaison, entre la partie de base et l'extrémité.According to the invention, this result is obtained by means of a temporary connection device and pyrotechnic separation, comprising a tube pyrotechnic expansion mounted in a space provided in a connection zone between two elements to be separated, said space being delimited in part by a piece of integral connection of a first of said elements, said connecting piece normally ensuring a connection by pressure between said elements and being able to deform, when using the expansion tube pyrotechnic, to release said connection by pressure, characterized in that the connecting piece has a base part attached to one side of the first element and at least one active part, one of which end is able to maintain a heel of the second element resting against a complementary footprint formed on the first element, to form said pressure bonding, said space being formed in the first item or in the heel of the second item and opening out in front of the active part of the connection, between the base part and the end.

Cet agencement permet de séparer les deux éléments sans aucune rupture de pièce. On supprime ainsi tout risque qu'un fragment libéré lors de la rupture vienne endommager des équipements situés à proximité de la zone de jonction.This arrangement makes it possible to separate the two elements without any part rupture. We delete thus any risk that a fragment released during the failure to damage equipment located at proximity to the junction area.

Avantageusement, l'extrémité précitée de la partie active de la pièce de liaison est en forme de crochet, de façon à être normalement reçue dans une encoche formée dans le talon du deuxième élément.Advantageously, the aforementioned end of the active part of the connecting piece is shaped like hook, so as to be normally received in a notch formed in the heel of the second element.

Dans ce cas, la pièce de liaison et la face précitée du premier élément coopèrent de préférence entre elles par des surfaces complémentaires à effet de coin, aptes à déplacer légèrement ladite extrémité en forme de crochet vers la partie de base, lors du serrage de moyens de fixation de ladite partie de base sur la base du premier élément.In this case, the connecting piece and the face of the first element preferably cooperate between them by complementary surfaces with wedge, able to slightly move said end in hook shape towards the base part, when tightening of means for fixing said base part based on the first element.

Dans le mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, la pièce de liaison comporte avantageusement une pluralité de parties actives réalisées d'un seul tenant avec la partie de base et aptes à se déformer en éloignement de ladite face, lors d'une mise en oeuvre du tube à expansion pyrotechnique.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the connecting piece comprises advantageously a plurality of active parts made in one piece with the base part and able to deform away from said face, when an implementation of the pyrotechnic expansion tube.

Selon le cas, les deux éléments peuvent être annulaires et disposés bout à bout ou constitués par des panneaux disposés bout à bout. Dans le premier cas, la pièce de liaison encercle la zone de jonction. Dans le second cas, la pièce de liaison chevauche la zone de jonction.Depending on the case, the two elements can be annular and arranged end to end or constituted by panels arranged end to end. In the first case, the connecting piece encircles the junction zone. In the second case, the connecting piece overlaps the area of junction.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

On décrira à présent, à titre d'exemple illustratif et nullement limitatif, un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, en se référant aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe transversale qui représente un dispositif conforme à l'invention, avant l'assemblage des deux éléments ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue comparable à la figure 1, qui représente le dispositif assemblé ; et
  • la figure 3 est une vue comparable aux figures 1 et 2, qui représente le dispositif après la mise en oeuvre du tube à expansion pyrotechnique.
A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of illustrative and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a device according to the invention, before the assembly of the two elements;
  • Figure 2 is a view comparable to Figure 1, which shows the assembled device; and
  • Figure 3 is a view comparable to Figures 1 and 2, which shows the device after the implementation of the pyrotechnic expansion tube.

Description détaillée d'un mode de réalisation préféré de l'inventionDetailed description of a preferred embodiment of invention

On a représenté sur les figures 1 à 3 un mode de réalisation préféré d'un dispositif 10 de liaison provisoire et de séparation pyrotechnique, placé entre un premier élément 12 et un deuxième élément 14.There is shown in Figures 1 to 3 a mode preferred embodiment of a connecting device 10 temporary and pyrotechnic separation, placed between a first element 12 and a second element 14.

Le premier élément 12 et le deuxième élément 14 sont constitués avantageusement soit comme deux éléments annulaires, sensiblement de même diamètre, soit par deux panneaux de forme quelconque. Dans les deux cas, les éléments 12 et 14 sont prévus pour être assemblés bout à bout. The first element 12 and the second element 14 are advantageously constituted either as two annular elements, substantially of the same diameter, either by two panels of any shape. In the two cases, elements 12 and 14 are provided to be assembled end to end.

Le dispositif 10 conforme à l'invention est situé dans la zone de liaison entre les deux éléments 12 et 14. Il comprend principalement un tube à expansion pyrotechnique 16 de conception classique, ainsi qu'une pièce de liaison 18.The device 10 according to the invention is located in the connection area between the two elements 12 and 14. It mainly includes a tube pyrotechnic expansion 16 of conventional design, as well as a connecting piece 18.

Comme on le voit bien sur la figure 1 qui représente les pièces avant leur assemblage, le tube à expansion pyrotechnique 16 est logé dans un espace 20 qui est formé dans le premier élément 12 et débouche sur une face 22 de celui-ci. Plus précisément, l'espace 20 est matérialisé par une gorge de section rectangulaire et le tube à expansion pyrotechnique 16 affleure la face 22 du premier élément 12 lorsqu'il est placé à l'intérieur de ladite gorge.As can be seen in Figure 1 which represents the parts before their assembly, the tube to pyrotechnic expansion 16 is housed in a space 20 which is formed in the first element 12 and opens out on a face 22 of it. More specifically, the space 20 is materialized by a section groove rectangular and the pyrotechnic expansion tube 16 is flush with the face 22 of the first element 12 when it is placed inside said groove.

A son extrémité située au-delà de l'espace 20, le premier élément 12 comprend une empreinte 24 dont la fonction apparaítra par la suite. Cette empreinte 24 est délimitée dans ce cas par un flanc perpendiculaire à la face 22 du premier élément 12 et débouchant sur ladite face, et par un flanc parallèle à la face 22.At its end located beyond space 20, the first element 12 includes an imprint 24 whose function will appear later. This imprint 24 is delimited in this case by a perpendicular flank to the face 22 of the first element 12 and leading to said face, and by a sidewall parallel to face 22.

A l'opposé de l'empreinte 24 par rapport à l'espace 20, la face 22 du premier élément 12 comporte une partie en creux reliée, par une surface inclinée 26, à la partie de ladite face dans laquelle est formé l'espace 20.Opposite of footprint 24 with respect to the space 20, the face 22 of the first element 12 comprises a hollow part connected by an inclined surface 26, to the part of said face in which is formed space 20.

A proximité de cette surface inclinée 26, la partie en creux de la face 22 du premier élément 12 est traversée par des trous 28 destinés au passage d'organes de fixation tels que des vis 30 associées à des écrous 44 et matérialisant des moyens de fixation de la pièce de liaison 18 sur la face 22 du premier élément 12.Near this inclined surface 26, the recessed part of the face 22 of the first element 12 is crossed by holes 28 intended for passage fasteners such as screws 30 associated with nuts 44 and materializing fixing means of the connecting piece 18 on the face 22 of the first item 12.

Le deuxième élément 14 comporte, à son extrémité prévue pour être assemblée au premier élément 12, un talon 32. Ce talon 32 est prévu pour venir en appui contre l'empreinte 24 formée à l'extrémité du premier élément 12. A cet effet, il présente des surfaces complémentaires de celles qui délimitent l'empreinte 24.The second element 14 comprises, at its end intended to be assembled to the first element 12, a heel 32. This heel 32 is provided to come in support against the imprint 24 formed at the end of the first element 12. To this end, it presents surfaces complementary to those which delimit footprint 24.

Le talon 32 du deuxième élément 14 comprend de plus une encoche 36, sur sa face 34 prévue pour être tournée du même côté que la face 22 du premier élément 12. Dans ce cas, l'encoche 36 présente la forme d'une rainure de section rectangulaire.The heel 32 of the second element 14 includes plus a notch 36, on its face 34 intended to be turned on the same side as the face 22 of the first element 12. In this case, the notch 36 has the form of a rectangular section groove.

La pièce de liaison 18 comprend une partie de base 38, ainsi qu'au moins une et de préférence plusieurs parties actives 40. Les parties actives 40 sont réalisées d'une seule pièce avec la partie de base 38. Elles sont prévues pour pouvoir se déformer lorsqu'elles sont soumises à l'effort engendré par la mise à feu du cordeau détonant contenu dans le tube à expansion pyrotechnique 16.The connecting piece 18 comprises a part of base 38, as well as at least one and preferably several active parts 40. Active parts 40 are made in one piece with the base part 38. They are designed to be able to deform when they are subjected to the effort generated by the firing of the detonating cord contained in the tube pyrotechnic expansion 16.

La partie de base 38 est prévue pour être fixée sur la face 22 du premier élément 12 à l'aide des moyens de fixation précités. A cet effet, la partie de base est traversée par des trous 42 qui sont sensiblement alignés avec les trous 28 lorsque la pièce de liaison 18 est mise en place. Les vis 30 sont alors introduites dans les trous 28 et 42 alignés. Les écrous 44 sont ensuite vissés sur les vis 30, pour compléter les moyens de fixation. The base part 38 is intended to be fixed on the face 22 of the first element 12 using the aforementioned fixing means. To this end, the part of base is traversed by holes 42 which are substantially aligned with the holes 28 when the part link 18 is put in place. The screws 30 are then introduced into the aligned holes 28 and 42. The nuts 44 are then screwed onto the screws 30, to complete the fixing means.

La face 46 de la pièce de liaison 18 prévue pour être appliquée sur la face 22 du premier élément 12 a une forme complémentaire de celle de ladite face 22. Ainsi, cette face 26 de la pièce de liaison 18 comprend une surface inclinée 48 complémentaire de la surface inclinée 26 de la face 22.The face 46 of the connecting piece 18 provided to be applied to the face 22 of the first element 12 has a shape complementary to that of said face 22. Thus, this face 26 of the connecting piece 18 includes an inclined surface 48 complementary to the inclined surface 26 of the face 22.

Les surfaces inclinées 26 et 48 forment ainsi des surfaces complémentaires à effet de coin, dont l'agencement est tel que la pièce de liaison 18 est déplacée légèrement vers le bas en considérant les figures, lors du serrage des boulons formés par les vis 30 et les écrous 44, lesdits boulons matérialisant les moyens de fixation de la pièce de liaison 18 sur le premier élément 12.The inclined surfaces 26 and 48 thus form complementary corner effect surfaces, including the arrangement is such that the connecting piece 18 is moved slightly downward considering the figures, when tightening the bolts formed by the screws 30 and the nuts 44, said bolts materializing the means for fixing the connecting piece 18 to the first element 12.

Les parties actives 40 prolongent la partie de base 38 de la pièce de liaison 18 de façon à s'étendre au-delà de l'empreinte 24 formée à l'extrémité du premier élément 12, lorsque la pièce de liaison 18 est fixée sur celui-ci.The active parts 40 extend the part of base 38 of the connecting piece 18 so as to extend beyond the imprint 24 formed at the end of the first element 12, when the connecting piece 18 is attached to it.

Chacune des parties actives 40 comprend une extrémité 50 en forme de crochet. Lorsque la pièce de liaison est fixée sur le premier élément 12 et lorsque le talon 32 du deuxième élément 14 est en appui contre l'empreinte 24 du premier élément 12, l'extrémité 50 en forme de crochet est reçue dans l'encoche 36 formée dans le talon 32, comme l'illustre la figure 2.Each of the active parts 40 comprises a hook-shaped end 50. When the piece of connection is fixed on the first element 12 and when the heel 32 of the second element 14 bears against the imprint 24 of the first element 12, the end 50 in hook shape is received in the notch 36 formed in heel 32, as shown in Figure 2.

Plus précisément, la coopération des surfaces complémentaires en forme de coin 26, 48 a pour effet, lors du serrage des boulons 30, 44, de déplacer légèrement chacune des extrémités 50 repliées en forme de crochet vers lesdits boulons. La face intérieure des extrémités 50 vient ainsi en appui contre le bord de l'encoche 36 le plus proche de l'extrémité du talon 32. Cela a pour effet de presser le talon 32 contre l'empreinte 24, de façon à établir une liaison par pression entre le premier élément 12 et le deuxième élément 14.More precisely, the cooperation of surfaces complementary wedge-shaped 26, 48 has the effect, when tightening the bolts 30, 44, to move slightly each of the ends 50 folded in shape hook to said bolts. The inside of ends 50 thus bears against the edge of the notch 36 closest to the end of the heel 32. This has the effect of pressing the heel 32 against footprint 24, so as to establish a connection by pressure between the first element 12 and the second item 14.

Cet agencement obtenu après assemblage des éléments 12 et 14 par les pièces de liaison 18 et les moyens de fixation 30, 44 est illustré sur la figure 2. Il permet d'établir une liaison provisoire entre les différentes pièces et constitue un état "normal" de l'assemblage.This arrangement obtained after assembly of the elements 12 and 14 by the connecting pieces 18 and the fixing means 30, 44 is illustrated in FIG. 2. It makes it possible to establish a provisional link between the different parts and constitutes a "normal" state of assembly.

Lorsqu'on commande la séparation des éléments 12 et 14, le cordeau détonant contenu dans le tube 16 à expansion pyrotechnique est mis à feu. Cela se traduit de façon classique par un gonflement du tube 16, sous l'effet des gaz libérés par la mise à feu. La section initialement plate du tube 16 à expansion pyrotechnique devient alors pseudo circulaire, comme l'illustre la figure 3.When ordering the separation of elements 12 and 14, the detonating cord contained in the tube 16 to Pyrotechnic expansion is ignited. This translates conventionally by swelling of the tube 16, under the effect of the gases released by the ignition. The section initially flat of the pyrotechnic expansion tube 16 then becomes pseudo circular, as illustrated in figure 3.

Conformément à l'invention, le gonflement du tube 16 à expansion pyrotechnique a pour effet de plier les parties actives 40 de la pièce de liaison 18 autour de leurs zones de liaison avec la partie de base 38 de cette pièce, en éloignement du premier élément 12. Cela est rendu possible par le caractère rigide de la partie de l'élément 12 dans laquelle est usiné l'espace 20 et par le caractère déformable des parties actives 40.According to the invention, the swelling of the tube 16 with pyrotechnic expansion has the effect of bending the active parts 40 of the connecting piece 18 around of their connection zones with the base part 38 of this part, away from the first element 12. This is made possible by the rigid nature of the part of element 12 in which the space 20 is machined and by the deformable nature of the active parts 40.

Les parties actives 40 de la pièce de liaison 18 s'ouvrent alors, en un temps très court, à la manière des pétales d'une fleur. Cela a pour effet de dégager complètement les extrémités 50 en forme de crochets de l'encoche 36 formée dans le talon 32. La liaison mécanique entre les éléments 12 et 14 est ainsi supprimée. Ces éléments peuvent donc se séparer l'un de l'autre, comme on l'a représenté sur la figure 3.The active parts 40 of the connecting piece 18 then open, in a very short time, to the way of the petals of a flower. This has the effect of completely release the ends 50 in the form of hooks of the notch 36 formed in the heel 32. The mechanical connection between elements 12 and 14 is thus deleted. These elements can therefore separate one of the other, as shown in Figure 3.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit à titre d'exemple. Ainsi, comme on l'a déjà observé, les éléments 12 et 14 peuvent être soit de formes annulaires, soit constitués par des panneaux plans ou de toute autre forme. Dans le premier cas, la pièce de liaison 18 encercle la zone de liaison entre les deux éléments et les parties actives 40 sont réparties sur toute sa circonférence. Dans le second cas, la pièce de liaison 18 chevauche la zone de jonction des deux panneaux. En outre, les moyens de fixation peuvent prendre des formes différentes (rivets, vis, etc.). Enfin, au lieu d'être logé dans un espace usiné dans le premier élément 12, le tube 16 à expansion pyrotechnique peut aussi être monté dans un espace usiné dans le talon 32 de la deuxième pièce 14, entre l'extrémité du talon et l'encoche 36.Of course, the invention is not limited to embodiment which has just been described as example. So, as we have already observed, the elements 12 and 14 can be either of shapes annular, either consisting of flat panels or of any other form. In the first case, the piece of link 18 encircles the link area between the two elements and the active parts 40 are distributed over its entire circumference. In the second case, the piece of link 18 overlaps the junction area of the two panels. In addition, the fixing means can take different shapes (rivets, screws, etc.). Finally, instead of being housed in a machined space in the first element 12, the expansion tube 16 pyrotechnic can also be mounted in a space machined in the heel 32 of the second part 14, between the end of the heel and the notch 36.

Claims (7)

Dispositif de liaison provisoire et de séparation pyrotechnique, comprenant un tube (16) à expansion pyrotechnique monté dans un espace (20) ménagé dans une zone de liaison entre deux éléments (12, 14) à séparer, ledit espace (20) étant délimité en partie par une pièce de liaison (18) solidaire d'un premier (12) desdits éléments, ladite pièce de liaison (18) assurant normalement une liaison par pression entre lesdits éléments et étant apte à se déformer, lors d'une mise en oeuvre du tube (16) à expansion pyrotechnique, pour libérer ladite liaison par pression, caractérisé en ce que la pièce de liaison (18) comporte une partie de base (38) fixée sur une face (22) du premier élément (12) et au moins une partie active (40) dont une extrémité (50) est apte à maintenir un talon (32) du deuxième élément (14) en appui contre une empreinte (24) complémentaire formée sur le premier élément (12), pour former ladite liaison par pression, ledit espace (20) étant formé dans le premier élément (12) ou dans le talon (32) du deuxième élément (14) et débouchant en face de la partie active (40) de la pièce de liaison (18), entre la partie de base (38) et l'extrémité (50).Device for temporary connection and pyrotechnic separation, comprising a pyrotechnic expansion tube (16) mounted in a space (20) formed in a connection zone between two elements (12, 14) to be separated, said space (20) being delimited in part by a connecting piece (18) integral with a first (12) of said elements, said connecting piece (18) normally ensuring a pressure connection between said elements and being able to deform, during implementation of the pyrotechnic expansion tube (16) for releasing said connection by pressure, characterized in that the connection piece (18) has a base part (38) fixed on one face (22) of the first element (12) and at the at least one active part (40), one end (50) of which is capable of holding a heel (32) of the second element (14) in abutment against a complementary imprint (24) formed on the first element (12), to form said connection by pressure, said space (20) is both formed in the first element (12) or in the heel (32) of the second element (14) and opening out opposite the active part (40) of the connecting piece (18), between the base part (38) and the end (50). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite extrémité (50) de la partie active (40) de la pièce de liaison (18) est en forme de crochet, de façon à être normalement reçue dans une encoche (36) formée dans le talon (32) du deuxième élément (14). Device according to claim 1, in which said end (50) of the active part (40) of the connecting piece (18) is in the form of a hook, so as to be normally received in a notch (36) formed in the heel (32) of the second element (14). Dispositif selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la pièce de liaison (18) et ladite face (22) du premier élément (12) coopèrent entre elles par des surfaces complémentaires (26, 48) à effet de coin, aptes à déplacer légèrement ladite extrémité (50) en forme de crochet vers la partie de base (38), lors du serrage de moyens de fixation (30, 44) de ladite partie de base sur la base (22) du premier élément (12).Device according to claim 2, in which the connecting piece (18) and said face (22) of the first element (12) cooperate with each other by complementary corner effect surfaces (26, 48), able to slightly move said end (50) in hook shape towards the base part (38), when tightening of fixing means (30, 44) of said part base on the base (22) of the first element (12). Dispositif selon la revendication 3, dans lequel les moyens de fixation sont des boulons (30, 44).Device according to claim 3, in which the fixing means are bolts (30, 44). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel la pièce de liaison (18) comporte une pluralité de parties actives (40) réalisées d'un seul tenant avec la partie de base (38) et aptes à se déformer en éloignement de ladite face (22), lors d'une mise en oeuvre du tube (16) à expansion pyrotechnique.Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, in which the connecting piece (18) has a plurality of active parts (40) made in one piece with the base part (38) and able to deform away from said face (22), during an implementation of the expansion tube (16) pyrotechnic. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les deux éléments (12, 14) sont annulaires et disposés bout à bout, et la pièce de liaison (18) encercle leur zone de jonction.Device according to any one of previous claims, in which both elements (12, 14) are annular and arranged end to end end, and the connecting piece (18) encircles their zone of junction. Dispositif selon l'un quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel les deux éléments (12, 14) sont des panneaux disposés bout à bout et la pièce de liaison (18) chevauche leur zone de jonction.Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the two elements (12, 14) are panels arranged end to end and the connecting piece (18) overlaps their junction zone.
EP03101062A 2002-04-19 2003-04-17 Device for provisionally connecting and pyrotechnically separating two elements, with no rupture Expired - Lifetime EP1355120B1 (en)

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FR0204927A FR2838818B1 (en) 2002-04-19 2002-04-19 DEVICE FOR PROVISIONAL BONDING AND PYROTECHNIC SEPARATION OF TWO ELEMENTS, WITHOUT BREAK
FR0204927 2002-04-19

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20030196544A1 (en) 2003-10-23
ES2266724T3 (en) 2007-03-01
DE60306245D1 (en) 2006-08-03
FR2838818B1 (en) 2006-12-08
DE60306245T2 (en) 2007-05-03
FR2838818A1 (en) 2003-10-24
JP2003315000A (en) 2003-11-06
EP1355120B1 (en) 2006-06-21

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