EP1354986A2 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Elektropolieren von Oberflächen von Titan - Google Patents
Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Elektropolieren von Oberflächen von Titan Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1354986A2 EP1354986A2 EP03405236A EP03405236A EP1354986A2 EP 1354986 A2 EP1354986 A2 EP 1354986A2 EP 03405236 A EP03405236 A EP 03405236A EP 03405236 A EP03405236 A EP 03405236A EP 1354986 A2 EP1354986 A2 EP 1354986A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- electrolyte
- grade
- electrolysis
- anode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/16—Polishing
- C25F3/22—Polishing of heavy metals
- C25F3/26—Polishing of heavy metals of refractory metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects; Servicing or operating
Definitions
- the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for Polishing surfaces from titanium grade 1 to titanium grade 10 and an associated anode module.
- Titan In medical technology as well as in other industries Titan is very important. This light metal is chemical inert, resistant to corrosion and biocompatible. So are today many dental fillings, dental drills and surgical Cutting tools and medical implants made of titanium or Titanium alloys made. Titan is also a popular one Material for watches and jewelry as well as for eyeglass frames.
- titanium Grade 1 Ti1
- Titan Grade 4 Ti4
- titanium alloys describes DIN 17851.
- the best known alloys are Ti 6Al 4V (Ti5) and Ti 3Al2 5V (Ti9). They are used in Engine, turbine and engine parts, screws, etc.
- Titan Titanium alloys from Ti1 to Ti10 included.
- Deburring and polishing are particularly difficult of titanium surfaces.
- a high surface quality of titanium pieces is required to prevent the edges from breaking out to increase the corrosion resistance and to increase the service life of drill bits by increasing voltage resistance.
- a special shine is often desirable, for example for watch cases or for jewelry. For this reason the demand for a process has increased in recent years and a device for polishing titanium surfaces of complex shapes.
- Electrolysis process for polishing metallic surfaces such as steel or aluminum have long been known. During electrolysis, material is removed from the surface removed, whereby the surface after only a few minutes becomes evenly smooth. When using titanium arise but considerable difficulties with the choice of the electrolyte, that allow the transport of the cations and the anions should, as well as with the choice of parameters in the implementation electrolysis. Various electrolytes have already been used developed for polishing different surfaces.
- WO 01/00906 describes a chemical composition for an electrolyte proposed for polishing pure titanium.
- This electrolyte consists of sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid and Acetic acid.
- an electrolysis process is described that should take place at temperatures between 20 to 22 ° C.
- the results are insufficient are, especially in small radii of the order of magnitude around 10 ⁇ m.
- WO 98/03702 Another method disclosed in WO 98/03702 is for titanium coatings TiC, TiN or Ti (C, N) applicable, but not for titanium Ti1 to Ti10.
- the present invention has for its object a To specify the device with the necessary modules and a method, to polish titanium pieces.
- This device is intended be user-friendly and reliable, and all in one Small laboratory can be used.
- the object is achieved by a device according to claim 1 and a method according to claim 4 and by an anode module according to claim 9.
- a device (10) which as Main components an electrolysis device (20) Anode module (30), a cooling device (40) Contains magnetic stirrer module (50) and a timer (60).
- the Electrolysis device (20) consists of an acid-resistant Container (21) filled with a suitable electrolyte (22) is, a cathode (23) inside the container and a DC voltage source (24).
- the cathode (23) consists of an electrically conductive metal, for example made of steel with a very clean surface and is with the negative pole connected to the DC voltage source (24).
- a is crucial for the feasibility suitable electrolytes.
- Sulfuric acid 94 to 99%
- an alcohol for example Methanol or a mixture of several alcohols mixed.
- sulfuric acid content should be 15 to 25 vol. % be.
- the anode module (30) consists of a clamping device (31) for the titanium piece (34) and an extension (32), the Clamping device (31) with the extension (32) firmly connected is.
- the anode module (30) is made of oxidized Titanium Ti1 to Ti10. The area exposed to the electrolyte can minimize on a part of the anode module with a Electrolyte-resistant material, e.g. with silicone, a casing (33) can be attached.
- the titanium piece (34) to be cleaned is on the anode module (30) attached that the electrolysis current well over the contact points from the clamping device (31) to the titanium piece (34) can flow. This is to be cleaned during electrolysis Titanium piece (34) completely immersed in the electrolyte (22).
- the drill In the case of a drill to be polished, for example, only the tip of the drill is immersed in the electrolyte (22), since only the tip needs to be polished. In this case the drill forms even the anode module (30) because the extension of the drill protrudes from the electrolyte (22) during the electrolysis and since there is no further electrical contact inside of the electrolyte (22) is required.
- the drill is on its surface not to be polished, the required oxide layer.
- a cooling device (40) is required to remove the electrolyte (22) to cool to suitable temperatures.
- the cooling device (40) is arranged in such a way that that the container (21) can be cooled. This is achieved by a cooling liquid (41) continuously circulated around the container (21) in a suitable system.
- a temperature controller (42) can be operated using a temperature sensor (43), for example a thermocouple that measures temperature of the electrolyte (22), the electrolyte (22) on the regulate the desired temperature.
- the coolant (41) Enclosing insulation (44) can increase the efficiency of the cooling device (40) contribute.
- a magnetic stirring module (50) is attached under the container (21). Through the corresponding magnetic stirrer (51) in the container (21) the electrolyte (22) is constantly kept in motion stirred, causing the temperature in the entire volume of the Electrolyte (22) assumes homogeneous values.
- DC voltage source (24) set to the desired value become.
- the DC voltage source (24) is in this Embodiment according to the invention to a timer (60) coupled the operation after a given time ended by interrupting the power supply (12).
- a timer 60
- an emergency stop switch (14) can also be attached become, by its operation also the electrolysis can be ended immediately.
- the entire device (10) is in one device easy to use with a display and control panel (13), for example the voltage level and the process duration can be set and at the the emergency stop switch (14) is located. Furthermore, the Device (10) via an opening (11) for operating the Electrolytes (22).
- the Titanium piece (34) freed from its oxide layer in a suitable manner become. This can be, for example, chemical or mechanical, for example by sandblasting. Subsequently the cleaned titanium piece (34) on the clamping device (31) well attached and in between 5 and 8 ° C pre-cooled electrolyte (22) completely immersed. By Connect the anode (35) to the positive pole of the DC voltage source (24) from between 3 and 50 V, preferably between 10 and 30 V, the electrolysis is started.
- the choice of the is decisive for the success of the polishing surface of the anode (35) exposed to the electrolyte (22).
- material from oxide-free titanium surfaces removed, which polishes these surfaces. Therefore, the oxide layer of the surface to be polished must be used beforehand Surfaces are neatly removed.
- the attachment points the clamping device (31) to the titanium piece (34) also form the electrical contact points.
- the anode module (30) must be off an electrolyte-resistant material that can withstand the current well passes. However, since the anode module cannot be polished oxidized titanium is used according to the invention. The Oxide layer slowly wears off during electrolysis. The Anode module (30) must be replaced if the oxide layer closes was very worn down, otherwise the current through the anode module (30) instead of running over the titanium piece ().
- the process can also take place at temperatures down to -20 ° C, but rise if the temperature is too low the practical problems of feasibility.
- temperatures below 5 ° C water condenses into the Form electrolyte (22) at temperatures below freezing themselves ice crystals. Starts at temperatures higher than 15 ° C to oxidize the titanium piece (34).
- the size of the titanium piece (34) should be in the design of the Voltage strength, the volume of the electrolyte (22) and the Surface of the cathode (23) be careful that the Electrolyte (22) not too much due to the electrical currents is heated.
- the duration of the required electrolysis is 0.5 to 15 minutes, as a rule, are the ones you want Surface quality achieved after about 1 to 5 minutes. The duration depends on the amount of material to be removed got to.
- the titanium piece (34) removed from the electrolyte (22) and immediately rinsed off, for example with water.
- FIG. 2 there are 500 times enlargements of titanium surfaces displayed.
- Figure 2a shows two untreated surfaces with broken edges.
- FIG. 2b shows two surfaces, which were mechanically deburred and brushed.
- Figure 2c shows two surfaces using the described method were polished.
- the advantage of this invention is the short processing time of the parts and the higher surface finish caused by this Procedure can be achieved.
- this procedure Developed specifically for titanium, it can be polished Anode also any other titanium alloy or another Metal or light metals can be used.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
Description
| Elektrolyt | 0.5 l Schwefelsäure |
| 2.0 l Methanol | |
| Temperatur Elektrolyt | 5 °C |
| Katode | gereinigter Stahl, 50 cm2 Oberfläche |
| Anode | Titan Ti4, ca. 5 cm2 Oberfläche |
| Spannung | 24 V DC |
| Leistung | 36 W |
| Dauer | 250 Sekunden |
- 10
- Vorrichtung
- 11
- Öffnung
- 12
- Stromversorgung
- 13
- Anzeige- und Bedienungskonsole
- 14
- Notstopschalter
- 20
- Elektrolysevorrichtung
- 21
- Behälter
- 22
- Elektrolyt
- 23
- Katode
- 24
- Gleichspannungsquelle
- 30
- Anodenmodul
- 31
- Klemmvorrichtung
- 32
- Verlängerung
- 33
- Ummantelung
- 34
- Titanstück
- 35
- Anode
- 40
- Kühlvorrichtung
- 41
- Kühlflüssigkeit
- 42
- Temperaturregler
- 43
- Temperaturfühler
- 44
- Isolation
- 50
- Magnetrührmodul
- 51
- Magnetrührer
- 60
- Zeitschalter
Claims (10)
- Vorrichtung (10) zum Polieren von Oberflächen aus Titan Grad 1 bis Grad 10 bestehend aus einer Elektrolysevorrichtung (20), gekennzeichnet durch ein Anodenmodul aus Titan Grad 1 bis Grad 10 (30), eine Kühlvorrichtung (40) für das Elektrolyt (22) und ein Magnetrührmodul (50) für das Elektrolyt.
- Vorrichtung (10) gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlvorrichtung (40) mit einem Temperaturregler (42) ausgestattet ist.
- Vorrichtung (10) gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stromversorgung (12) der Gleichspannungsquelle (24) der Elektrolysevorrichtung (20) mit einem Zeitschalter (60) gekoppelt ist.
- Verfahren zum Polieren von Oberflächen von Titanstücken (34) aus Titan Grad 1 bis Grad 10 durch eine Elektrolyse, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Elektrolyt (22) auf eine Temperatur zwischen 5 und 8 °C gekühlt wird, die zu polierende Oberfläche von seiner Oxydschicht befreit wird, das Titanstück (34) so weit ins Elektrolyt (22) eingetaucht wird, bis die gesamte oxydfreie Oberfläche vom Elektrolyten (22) umschlossen ist wobei der restliche Teil der Anode aus oxydiertem Titan Grad 1 bis Grad 10 besteht, dass eine Spannung zwischen dem Titanstück (34) und einer im Elektrolyten (22) eingetauchten Katode (23) angelegt wird und dass das Titanstück (34) nach einer geeigneten Zeitspanne aus dem Elektrolyten (22) herausgenommen und sofort abgespült wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Elektrolyt (22) zu 5 bis 35 vol. % aus einer 94 bis 99 prozentigen Schwefelsäure ergänzt mit einem Alkohol oder einem Gemisch von mehreren Alkoholen besteht.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schwefelsäureanteil im Elektrolyten (22) 20 bis 30 vol. % beträgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektrolyse unter einer Spannung von weniger als 50 V, vorzugsweise von zwischen 10 und 30 Volt durchgeführt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die oxydfreie Oberfläche (34) während 0.5 bis 15 Minuten, vorzugsweise während zwischen 1 und 5 Minuten der Elektrolyse (22) ausgesetzt bleibt.
- Anodenmodul (30) zur Befestigung eines zu polierenden Titanstückes (34) als Anode (35) einer Elektrolysevorrichtung (20) bestehend aus einer geeignet ausgestalteten Klemmvorrichtung (31) und einer Verlängerung (32), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Anodenmodul aus oxydiertem Titan Grad 1 bis Grad 10 besteht.
- Anodenmodul nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Teil seiner Oberfläche mit einer säurebeständigen Ummantelung (33) isoliert ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH5942002 | 2002-04-09 | ||
| CH5942002 | 2002-04-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1354986A2 true EP1354986A2 (de) | 2003-10-22 |
| EP1354986A3 EP1354986A3 (de) | 2004-01-02 |
Family
ID=28458269
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03405236A Withdrawn EP1354986A3 (de) | 2002-04-09 | 2003-04-08 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Elektropolieren von Oberflächen von Titan |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1354986A3 (de) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007011632B3 (de) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-06-26 | Poligrat Gmbh | Elektropolierverfahren für Titan |
| CN102225504A (zh) * | 2011-04-06 | 2011-10-26 | 宝鸡鑫泽钛镍有限公司 | 高精度钛及钛合金板制备工艺 |
| CN101994148B (zh) * | 2009-08-22 | 2012-06-20 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种钛及钛合金抛光液及抛光方法 |
| CN111621841A (zh) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-04 | 南京理工大学 | 一种基于TiAl单晶EBSD样品的电解抛光液及其电解方法 |
| WO2021115698A1 (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-06-17 | Biotronik Ag | Novel electrolyte for electropolishing titanium alloys |
| CN114088497A (zh) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-02-25 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | 一种钛合金ebsd样品的制备装置及方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL6807942A (de) * | 1968-06-06 | 1969-12-09 | ||
| US3795597A (en) * | 1973-03-15 | 1974-03-05 | Atomic Energy Commission | Method of producing an ultra-clean,bright surface on titanium |
| SU1581785A1 (ru) * | 1989-08-05 | 1990-07-30 | Центральный научно-исследовательский институт черной металлургии им.И.П.Бардина | Устройство дл электролитической полировки образцов из аморфных и микрокристаллических сплавов |
| DE10037337A1 (de) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-20 | Nmi Univ Tuebingen | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Elektropolieren von Körpern aus Nickel-Titan-Legierungen |
-
2003
- 2003-04-08 EP EP03405236A patent/EP1354986A3/de not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007011632B3 (de) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-06-26 | Poligrat Gmbh | Elektropolierverfahren für Titan |
| EP1970473A2 (de) | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-17 | Poligrat Gmbh | Elektropolierverfahren für Titan |
| CN101994148B (zh) * | 2009-08-22 | 2012-06-20 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种钛及钛合金抛光液及抛光方法 |
| CN102225504A (zh) * | 2011-04-06 | 2011-10-26 | 宝鸡鑫泽钛镍有限公司 | 高精度钛及钛合金板制备工艺 |
| WO2021115698A1 (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-06-17 | Biotronik Ag | Novel electrolyte for electropolishing titanium alloys |
| US12338541B2 (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2025-06-24 | Biotronik Ag | Electrolyte for electropolishing titanium alloys |
| CN111621841A (zh) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-09-04 | 南京理工大学 | 一种基于TiAl单晶EBSD样品的电解抛光液及其电解方法 |
| CN111621841B (zh) * | 2020-05-21 | 2022-05-10 | 南京理工大学 | 一种基于TiAl单晶EBSD样品的电解抛光液及其电解方法 |
| CN114088497A (zh) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-02-25 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | 一种钛合金ebsd样品的制备装置及方法 |
| CN114088497B (zh) * | 2021-12-02 | 2023-09-19 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | 一种钛合金ebsd样品的制备装置及方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1354986A3 (de) | 2004-01-02 |
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