EP1353572B1 - Method for the treatment of tobacco - Google Patents
Method for the treatment of tobacco Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1353572B1 EP1353572B1 EP01964985A EP01964985A EP1353572B1 EP 1353572 B1 EP1353572 B1 EP 1353572B1 EP 01964985 A EP01964985 A EP 01964985A EP 01964985 A EP01964985 A EP 01964985A EP 1353572 B1 EP1353572 B1 EP 1353572B1
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- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- steam
- treatment
- moisture
- casing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/12—Steaming, curing, or flavouring tobacco
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for treating tobacco, in particular Burley tobacco, by applying Casing and subsequent thermal treatment.
- casings represents a common step in the processing of leaf tobacco before cutting
- the aim of casing treatment is to improve the Processing ability as well as the taste characteristics of the tobacco material.
- Common ingredients of casings are Humectants, e.g. Glycols or glycerin, sugars as well solid natural substances such as cocoa or liquorice. Height Viscosity and the solids content of casings complicate one desired, uniform penetration of the tobacco with the Casing components.
- To improve the tobacco the task of heated takes place Casings together with a moistening by water and Steam in aggregates called casing drums.
- Burley tobaccos generally have relatively high levels of Nitrogen compounds at the same time low sugar contents on. For this reason, can often only by applying zukker Anlagenn Casings in combination with a subsequent thermal Treatment can be achieved an acceptable smoky taste.
- Reaction products such as e.g. Pyrazines are formed, which contribute to the improvement of sensory quality.
- a so-called belt dryer with severalnic cooling zones used in the tobacco of about 30% initial moisture dried to about 5% moisture. To further Processing, especially for cutting, the tobacco must subsequently be moistened again to about 16% to 22%.
- US 5 755 238 describes a method for rapid drying, Cool and rewet with the help of one in several treatment zones subdivided drying unit and the rewet in a separate steam tunnel.
- the hot air temperature of the dryer is about 105 ° C to 115 ° C and the total cycle time about 60 seconds.
- US 4,004,594 discloses a method of conditioning Tobacco, in particular Burley tobacco, impregnating the Tobacco particles with casing, a thermal treatment for expelling of the nitrogen or nitrogen compounds and the Setting the desired moisture content provides.
- the treatment plant consists of a dosing unit, a casing drum, a preconditioning unit for treatment with steam and aggregates for heating, cooling and rewetting the tobacco.
- the tobacco humidities after the dosing unit amount to 14% to 20%, preferably 18%, after the drum casing 30% to 42%, preferably 32%, after preconditioning about 35%, after heating 4% to 7% and after rewetting about 18% to 22%.
- the Pre-conditioning unit is treated with saturated steam of 2.5 bar to 3.5 bar, resulting in a tobacco temperature of about 70 ° C, to improve the penetration of the casing in the To achieve tobacco leaf.
- US 3 402 479 describes a tunnel-like apparatus for Transport and treatment of nitrogen-rich tobacco with Zones for pre-drying, for heating the tobacco without loss of moisture through the use of a suitably conditioned medium and for cooling the material to be treated.
- the entry humidity of the tobacco material is 40% to 50%, the temperature of the medium after predrying approx. 100 ° C and the discharge moisture approx. 16% to 18%.
- the steaming is preferably carried out so that the Tobacco over a period of 0.1 minutes to 10 minutes in As intensive as possible contact with the treatment medium is brought.
- the ratio of the mass flow rate of steam to tobacco is preferably set in a range of 0.1 to 0.5.
- the treatment is in a so-called steam tunnel carried out.
- steam tunnel carried out.
- aggregates are for example of the companies Sagemüller GmbH, Bockhorn or HAUNI Maschinenbau AG, Hamburg available.
- the humidity of the changes Tobacco during steam treatment depending on the choice of process parameters as pressure of the steam and residence time (exposure time of the Steam) only by a few percentage points.
- the tobacco treated by the process according to the invention clearly Homogeneous moisture distribution as such, according to the conventional method was treated with a belt dryer.
- the invention treated Tobacco after steam treatment and cooling with medium volatile Aromastoffen acted in the form of a so-called topdressing which is preferably alcoholic.
- the tobacco alone or after mixing with other tobaccos without further moistening or drying steps fed to the cutting process.
- the so-called fluidized bed dryer (Example 1) represents the application of a conventional method and is based on the principle of the vibrating conveyor with holes in the bottom plate, flows through the material to be treated via the hot air.
- the input humidity (Entry moisture) of the leaf tobacco was uniform 22%.
- Table 1 shows the applied hot air temperatures, the corresponding residence times and the discharge humidities (ie tobacco humidities after treatment in the fluidized bed dryer) of the leaf tobacco.
- Parameter combinations fluidized bed dryer No. Hot air temperature (° C) Residence time (sec) Input humidity (%) Discharge moisture (%) 1 130 15 22 6 2 150 30 22 3 3 200 40 22 ⁇ 1
- the treatment unit used was a conventional steam tunnel with a vibrating conveyor in which hot steam (saturated steam) flowing out of bores in a bottom plate interacts with the leaf tobacco; In principle, there is atmospheric pressure (open system) in the steam tunnel. The pressure of the steam before feeding into the steam tunnel was uniformly about 7 bar and the mass ratio of tobacco to steam 0.2. Table 2 shows the applied parameter combinations.
- the tobacco temperature discharge and the discharge moisture are the tobacco temperature or the tobacco moisture immediately after the steam treatment. Parameter combinations steam tunnel No. 4 Tobacco temperature discharge (° C) 106 Residence time (min) 3 Input humidity (%) 18 Discharge moisture (%) 18 5 108 6 18 17 6 112 9 18 15
- the two tables 3 and 4 compare for each of the two basic tobaccos examined the results obtained according to the parameter combinations 1 to 3 or 4 to 6 described in Tables 1 and 2.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Behandeln von Tabak, insbesondere von Burley-Tabak, durch Aufbringen von Casing und anschließende thermische Behandlung.The invention relates to a method for treating tobacco, in particular Burley tobacco, by applying Casing and subsequent thermal treatment.
Die Applikation so genannter Casings stellt einen üblichen Arbeitsschritt in der Aufbereitung von Blatttabak vor dem Schneiden dar. Ziel einer Casing-Behandlung ist die Verbesserung der Verarbeitungsfähigkeit sowie der geschmacklichen Eigenschaften des Tabakmaterials. Übliche Bestandteile von Casings sind Feuchthaltemittel wie z.B. Glycole oder Glycerin, Zucker sowie feste Naturstoffe wie beispielsweise Kakao oder Lakritz. Hohe Viskosität und der Feststoffgehalt von Casings erschweren eine erwünschte, gleichmäßige Durchdringung des Tabakguts mit den Casing-Komponenten. Um ein Eindringen des Casings in die Zellstruktur des Tabaks zu verbessern, erfolgt die Aufgabe des erwärmten Casings zusammen mit einer Auffeuchtung durch Wasser und Dampf in als Casing-Trommeln bezeichneten Aggregaten. Die konventionelle Technik der Casing-Applikation ist beschrieben in Voges, "Tobacco Encyclopedia", Mainzer Verlagsanstalt und Drukkerei Willi und Rothe GmbH & Co KG, Mainz, 1984; S. 65 (Stichwort "Casing"), S. 411 (Kapitel "Tobacco Flavours and Casings"), S. 416 und 417 (Kapitel "The Production of Cut Tobacco", Abschnitte "Special Treatment for Burley" und "Casing").The application of so-called casings represents a common step in the processing of leaf tobacco before cutting The aim of casing treatment is to improve the Processing ability as well as the taste characteristics of the tobacco material. Common ingredients of casings are Humectants, e.g. Glycols or glycerin, sugars as well solid natural substances such as cocoa or liquorice. Height Viscosity and the solids content of casings complicate one desired, uniform penetration of the tobacco with the Casing components. To prevent penetration of the casing into the cell structure To improve the tobacco, the task of heated takes place Casings together with a moistening by water and Steam in aggregates called casing drums. The conventional The technique of the casing application is described in Voges, "Tobacco Encyclopedia", Mainzer Verlagsanstalt and Drukkerei Willi and Rothe GmbH & Co. KG, Mainz, 1984; P. 65 (keyword "Casing"), p. 411 (chapter "Tobacco Flavors and Casings"), Pp. 416 and 417 (chapter "The Production of Cut Tobacco", chapters "Special Treatment for Burley" and "Casing").
Burley-Tabake weisen in der Regel relativ hohe Gehalte von Stickstoffverbindungen bei gleichzeitig niedrigen Zuckergehalten auf. Aus diesem Grund kann häufig erst durch Anwendung von zukkerhaltigen Casings in Kombination mit einer nachfolgenden thermischen Behandlung ein akzeptabler Rauchgeschmack erzielt werden. Neben einer Entfernung flüchtiger Stickstoffverbindungen durch die thermische Behandlung können aus Zucker- und Stickstoffkomponenten Reaktionsprodukte wie z.B. Pyrazine entstehen, die zur Verbesserung der sensorischen Qualität beitragen. In der Regel wird für die thermische Behandlung von casingbehandeltem Burley-Tabak ein sogenannter Bandtrockner mit mehreren Trockenund Kühlzonen eingesetzt, in dem der Tabak von etwa 30% Anfangsfeuchte auf etwa 5% Feuchte abgetrocknet wird. Zur weiteren Verarbeitung, insbesondere zum Schneiden, muss der Tabak anschließend wieder auf etwa 16% bis 22% aufgefeuchtet werden.Burley tobaccos generally have relatively high levels of Nitrogen compounds at the same time low sugar contents on. For this reason, can often only by applying zukkerhaltigen Casings in combination with a subsequent thermal Treatment can be achieved an acceptable smoky taste. In addition to a removal of volatile nitrogen compounds by the thermal treatment can be made of sugar and nitrogen components Reaction products such as e.g. Pyrazines are formed, which contribute to the improvement of sensory quality. In the Usually is used for the thermal treatment of casing-treated Burley tobacco a so-called belt dryer with several Trockenund Cooling zones used in the tobacco of about 30% initial moisture dried to about 5% moisture. To further Processing, especially for cutting, the tobacco must subsequently be moistened again to about 16% to 22%.
Diese konventionelle Vorgehensweise weist mehrere Nachteile auf. Zunächst ist die Penetration des Casings in das Blattmaterial bei Applikation durch eine Casing-Trommel aufgrund der geringen Einwirkungsintensität des Dampfes nicht optimal. Weiterhin muss für die starke Abtrockung viel Energie aufgewendet werden. Bandtrockner verfügen zudem über einen hohen Raumbedarf und führen konstruktionsbedingt zu einer inhomogenen Feuchteverteilung. Ein weiterer Nachteil liegt in der hohen Fragilität des Tabakmaterials bei Feuchten unter 10%, die zu Verlusten durch Bildung von Tabakgrus und -staub führt.This conventional approach has several disadvantages. First, the penetration of the casing into the leaf material when applied by a barrel drum due to the low Intensity of action of the steam is not optimal. Still must a lot of energy is expended for the strong drying. belt dryer also have a high space requirement and lead Due to the design, this results in an inhomogeneous moisture distribution. One Another disadvantage is the high fragility of the tobacco material at humidities below 10%, resulting in losses due to formation of Tobacco bite and dust lead.
Aus diesem Grund sind mehrere Verfahren beschrieben worden, die einen oder mehrere Nachteile der konventionellen Behandlungsmethode umgehen sollen.For this reason, several methods have been described which one or more disadvantages of the conventional treatment method to handle.
Die US 5 755 238 beschreibt eine Methode zum schnellen Trocknen, Kühlen und Wiederbefeuchten mit Hilfe eines in mehrere Behandlungszonen unterteilten Trocknungsaggregates und der Rückfeuchtung in einem separaten Dampftunnel. Die Feuchte des Tabakmaterials beträgt vor der Trocknung ca. 30%, vor dem Dampftunnel ca. 5% und nach der Rückfeuchtung ca. 15%. Die Heißlufttemperatur des Trockners beträgt ca. 105 °C bis 115 °C und die Gesamtdurchlaufzeit ca. 60 Sekunden. Durch Einsatz mehrerer Wirbelschicht-Trockenzonen soll eine verbesserte Feuchtehomogenität erzielt werden.US 5 755 238 describes a method for rapid drying, Cool and rewet with the help of one in several treatment zones subdivided drying unit and the rewet in a separate steam tunnel. The moisture of the tobacco material before drying approx. 30%, before the steam tunnel approx. 5% and after rewetting about 15%. The hot air temperature of the dryer is about 105 ° C to 115 ° C and the total cycle time about 60 seconds. By using several fluidized bed drying zones should achieve an improved moisture homogeneity become.
Die US 4 004 594 offenbart eine Methode zum Konditionieren von Tabak, insbesondere von Burley-Tabak, die eine Imprägnierung der Tabakpartikel mit Casing, eine thermische Behandlung zum Austreiben des Stickstoffs bzw. der Stickstoffverbindungen und die Einstellung des gewünschten Feuchtegehaltes vorsieht. Die Behandlungsanlage besteht aus einer Dosiereinheit, einer Casing-Trommel, einer Vorkonditioniereinheit zur Behandlung mit Dampf und Aggregaten zum Erhitzen, Kühlen und Rückfeuchten des Tabaks. Die Tabakfeuchten betragen nach der Dosiereinheit 14% bis 20%, vorzugsweise 18%, nach der Casing-Trommel 30% bis 42%, vorzugsweise 32%, nach der Vorkonditionierung ca. 35%, nach dem Erhitzen 4% bis 7% und nach der Rückfeuchtung ca. 18% bis 22%. In der Vorkonditioniereinheit erfolgt eine Behandlung mit Sattdampf von 2,5 bar bis 3,5 bar, resultierend in einer Tabaktemperatur von etwa 70 °C, um eine verbesserte Penetration des Casings in das Tabakblatt zu erzielen.US 4,004,594 discloses a method of conditioning Tobacco, in particular Burley tobacco, impregnating the Tobacco particles with casing, a thermal treatment for expelling of the nitrogen or nitrogen compounds and the Setting the desired moisture content provides. The treatment plant consists of a dosing unit, a casing drum, a preconditioning unit for treatment with steam and aggregates for heating, cooling and rewetting the tobacco. The tobacco humidities after the dosing unit amount to 14% to 20%, preferably 18%, after the drum casing 30% to 42%, preferably 32%, after preconditioning about 35%, after heating 4% to 7% and after rewetting about 18% to 22%. In the Pre-conditioning unit is treated with saturated steam of 2.5 bar to 3.5 bar, resulting in a tobacco temperature of about 70 ° C, to improve the penetration of the casing in the To achieve tobacco leaf.
Die US 3 402 479 beschreibt eine tunnelartige Apparatur zum Transport und zur Behandlung von stickstoffreichem Tabak mit Zonen zum Vortrocknen, zum Erhitzen des Tabaks ohne Feuchteverlust durch den Einsatz eines entsprechend konditionierten Mediums und zum Kühlen des Behandlungsgutes. Die Eintrittsfeuchte des Tabakmaterials beträgt 40% bis 50%, die Temperatur des Mediums nach der Vortrocknung ca. 100 °C und die Austragsfeuchte ca. 16% bis 18%. Durch Anwendung dieses apparativ aufwändigen Verfahrens in Verbindung mit den extrem hohen Eintrittsfeuchten soll eine Übertrocknung des Tabakmaterials und die damit verbundene Erhöhung der Fragilität umgangen werden. US 3 402 479 describes a tunnel-like apparatus for Transport and treatment of nitrogen-rich tobacco with Zones for pre-drying, for heating the tobacco without loss of moisture through the use of a suitably conditioned medium and for cooling the material to be treated. The entry humidity of the tobacco material is 40% to 50%, the temperature of the medium after predrying approx. 100 ° C and the discharge moisture approx. 16% to 18%. By applying this complex apparatus procedure in conjunction with the extremely high inlet moisture should be an over-drying of the tobacco material and the associated Increase the fragility to be bypassed.
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Behandeln von Tabak, insbesondere von Burley-Tabak, durch Aufbringen von Casing und anschließende thermische Behandlung zu schaffen, das die Nachteile der beschriebenen Verfahren vermeidet. Insbesondere sollen die Anzahl der notwendigen Prozessschritte reduziert und der Energiebedarf verringert sowie eine gleichmäßige Produktqualität erzielt werden.It is an object of the invention to provide a method for treating Tobacco, in particular Burley tobacco, by applying casing and subsequent thermal treatment to create that avoids the disadvantages of the described methods. Especially The number of necessary process steps should be reduced and reduces energy consumption as well as a consistent product quality be achieved.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch das Verfahren zum Behandeln von Tabak mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved by the method for treating Tobacco with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments The invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird der mit Casing beaufschlagte und etwa 15% bis 25% Feuchte aufweisende Tabak, der in der Regel als Blatttabak vorliegt, einer intensiven Dampfbehandlung unterzogen. Direkt nach der Dampfbehandlung liegt die Tabaktemperatur in einem Bereich von 80 °C bis 115 °C, während die Tabakfeuchte 15% bis 25% beträgt. Ein Zwischenschritt, der zu einer starken Trocknung des Tabaks führt, kommt bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren nicht vor.In the method according to the invention is acted upon by casing and about 15% to 25% moisture containing tobacco present in usually present as leaf tobacco, an intensive steam treatment subjected. Immediately after the steam treatment, the tobacco temperature is in a range of 80 ° C to 115 ° C, while the Tobacco moisture is 15% to 25%. An intermediate step that too leads to a strong drying of the tobacco comes in the inventive Procedure not before.
Die Dampfbehandlung wird vorzugsweise so durchgeführt, dass der Tabak über einen Zeitraum von 0,1 Minuten bis 10 Minuten in einen möglichst intensiven Kontakt mit dem Behandlungsmedium gebracht wird.The steaming is preferably carried out so that the Tobacco over a period of 0.1 minutes to 10 minutes in As intensive as possible contact with the treatment medium is brought.
Das Verhältnis des Massendurchsatzes Dampf zu Tabak (jeweils in kg/h) wird bevorzugt in einem Bereich von 0,1 bis 0,5 eingestellt.The ratio of the mass flow rate of steam to tobacco (each in kg / h) is preferably set in a range of 0.1 to 0.5.
Vorzugsweise wird die Behandlung in einem sogenannten Dampftunnel durchgeführt. Derartige Aggregate sind beispielsweise von den Firmen Sagemüller GmbH, Bockhorn oder HAUNI Maschinenbau AG, Hamburg erhältlich. Bei Verwendung eines Dampf tunnels wird vorzugsweise Sattdampf mit einem Druck (vor dem Einspeisen in den Dampftunnel) von 2 bar bis 12 bar, besonders bevorzugt von 4 bar bis 10 bar, benutzt. Preferably, the treatment is in a so-called steam tunnel carried out. Such aggregates are for example of the companies Sagemüller GmbH, Bockhorn or HAUNI Maschinenbau AG, Hamburg available. When using a steam tunnel is preferred Saturated steam with a pressure (before feeding into the Steam tunnel) from 2 bar to 12 bar, more preferably from 4 bar to 10 bar, used.
Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, dass bei erfindungsgemäßem Vorgehen neben einer verbesserten Casing-Penetration durch den bevorzugten Einsatz des Dampftunnels auch die erwünschten Effekte der thermischen Behandlung, also das Austreiben flüchtiger Stickstoffverbindungen und eine Reaktion von Zuckern und Stickstoffkomponenten, in einem einzigen Prozessschritt erreicht werden können.Surprisingly, it has been found that according to the invention Approach next to an improved casing penetration by the preferred use of the steam tunnel also the desired effects the thermal treatment, ie the expulsion of volatile Nitrogen compounds and a reaction of sugars and nitrogen components, achieved in a single process step can be.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ändert sich die Feuchte des Tabaks während der Dampfbehandlung je nach Wahl der Prozessparameter wie Druck des Dampfes und Verweildauer (Einwirkzeit des Dampfes) lediglich um einige Prozentpunkte. Durch Wahl einer geeigneten Eintrittsfeuchte kann somit direkt die zum Schneiden benötigte Feuchte erreicht werden.In the method according to the invention, the humidity of the changes Tobacco during steam treatment depending on the choice of process parameters as pressure of the steam and residence time (exposure time of the Steam) only by a few percentage points. By choosing one suitable inlet moisture can thus directly for cutting required humidity can be achieved.
Aufgrund des geringen Feuchtegradienten im Prozess weist der nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren behandelte Tabak eine deutlich homogenere Feuchteverteilung auf als solcher, der nach dem konventionellen Verfahren mit einem Bandtrockner behandelt wurde.Due to the low moisture gradient in the process, the tobacco treated by the process according to the invention clearly Homogeneous moisture distribution as such, according to the conventional method was treated with a belt dryer.
Gemäß dem Stand der Technik kann der erfindungsgemäß behandelte Tabak nach Dampfbehandlung und Kühlung mit mittelflüchtigen Aromastoffen in Form eines sogenannten Topdressings beaufschlagt werden, das vorzugsweise alkoholisch ist.According to the prior art, the invention treated Tobacco after steam treatment and cooling with medium volatile Aromastoffen acted in the form of a so-called topdressing which is preferably alcoholic.
Anschließend wird der Tabak allein oder nach Abmischung mit anderen Tabaksorten ohne weitere Auffeuchtungs- oder Trockenschritte dem Schneidevorgang zugeführt.Subsequently, the tobacco alone or after mixing with other tobaccos without further moistening or drying steps fed to the cutting process.
Weitere Angaben zur Durchführung und zu Effekten des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind den folgenden Ausführungsbeispielen zu entnehmen. Insbesondere ist zu erkennen, dass dem konventionellen Verfahren entsprechende Reduzierungen an Gesamtaminosäuren und Ammoniak festzustellen sind, die als charakterisierend für die erwünschten Effekte der thermischen Behandlung angesehen werden können. Dies wird durch die Ergebnisse der Rauchsensorik bestätigt.Further details on the implementation and effects of the invention Methods are the following embodiments remove. In particular, it can be seen that the conventional Method corresponding reductions in total amino acids and ammonia which are characteristic of considered the desired effects of thermal treatment can be. This is determined by the results of smoke detection approved.
Weiterhin ist den Ausführungsbeispielen zu entnehmen, dass durch eine Veränderung der Einwirkzeit des Dampfes oder auch entsprechend eine Erhöhung der Behandlungstemperatur bzw. des Druckes des Dampfes die Effekte der Nachbehandlung verändert werden können, ohne die Austragsfeuchte (d.h. die Tabakfeuchte nach der Dampfbehandlung) in höherem Maße zu beeinflussen. Insbesondere kann auf diese Weise eine Anpassung an den Stickstoffgehalt des Tabakmatarials erfolgen, um beispielsweise bei stickstoffarmen Tabaken geringere Mengen an flüchtigen Stickstoffverbindungen auszutreiben als bei stickstoffreichen, was wiederum zu verbesserten sensorischen Ergebnissen führen kann.Furthermore, it can be seen from the exemplary embodiments that a change in the exposure time of the vapor or also accordingly an increase in the treatment temperature or the pressure of the steam, the effects of the aftertreatment are changed can, without the Austragsbefuchte (i.e., the tobacco moisture after the Steam treatment) to a greater extent. Especially In this way, an adaptation to the nitrogen content of the Tabakmatarials done, for example, in nitrogen-poor Tobacco lower amounts of volatile nitrogen compounds expelled than with nitrogen-rich, which in turn to improved can lead to sensory results.
Die Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gegenüber den bekannten Prozessen liegen in der wirtschaftlicheren Durchführung durch geringeren apparativen Aufwand und Energiebedarf. Da auf eine Übertrocknung verzichtet wird, werden die Tabakverluste minimiert. Gegenüber dem konventionellen Verfahren wird eine verbesserte Feuchtehomogenität des Endprodukts erreicht. Dies führt in Verbindung mit der guten Casing-Penetration zu einer deutlichen Verringerung der Fleckenbildung auf dem Papier von mit dem erfindungsgemäß behandelten Tabak hergestellten Cigaretten.The advantages of the method according to the invention over the known processes are in the economic implementation due to less equipment and energy consumption. There Overexploitation is avoided, the tobacco losses minimized. Compared to the conventional method is a improved moisture homogeneity of the final product achieved. This leads in conjunction with the good casing penetration to one significant reduction of staining on the paper of Cigarettes produced with the tobacco treated according to the invention.
Als Basismaterial für die Untersuchung dienten ein qualitativ hochwertiger koreanischer Burley mit einem Nikotingehalt von 3,1% und ein preiswerter italienischer Burley als sogenannter Filler mit einem Nikotingehalt von 1,5%, jeweils bezogen auf Trockensubstanz. Beide Versuchstabake wurden in jeweils gleicher Menge und Qualität mit einer teilinvertierten wässrigen Saccharoselösung beaufschlagt und nach zwei Methoden (Beispiel 1, Beispiel 2) in entsprechenden Versuchsanlagen thermisch behandelt. Der Gesamtzuckergehalt betrug vor der thermischen Behandlung 10%.As a base material for the investigation served a qualitative high quality Korean burley with a nicotine content of 3.1% and a cheap Italian Burley as so-called Filler with a nicotine content of 1.5%, in each case based on Dry matter. Both experimental sticks were in each case the same Quantity and quality with a partially inverted aqueous sucrose solution subjected to two methods (Example 1, Example 2) thermally treated in corresponding experimental plants. The total sugar content was before the thermal treatment 10%.
Der sogenannte Wirbelschichttrockner (Beispiel 1) repräsentiert die Anwendung eines konventionellen Verfahrens und basiert auf dem Prinzip des Schwingförderers mit Bohrungen im Bodenblech, über die Heißluft durch das Behandlungsgut strömt. Die Eingangsfeuchte (Eintragsfeuchte) des Blatttabaks betrug einheitlich 22%.The so-called fluidized bed dryer (Example 1) represents the application of a conventional method and is based on the principle of the vibrating conveyor with holes in the bottom plate, flows through the material to be treated via the hot air. The input humidity (Entry moisture) of the leaf tobacco was uniform 22%.
Zur Bestimmung der Tabakfeuchte diente wie auch bei allen folgenden Beispielen die Abtrocknung der Tabakproben in unverschlossenen Aluminiumdosen mit Hilfe eines kalibrierten Umlufttrockenschrankes bei einer Temperatur von 80 °C während eines Zeitraums von 3 Stunden.For the determination of the tobacco moisture served as well as with all following Examples of the drying of tobacco samples in unclosed Aluminum cans with the help of a calibrated convection oven at a temperature of 80 ° C during a Period of 3 hours.
Tabelle 1 zeigt die angewandten Heißlufttemperaturen, die korrespondierenden
Verweilzeiten und die Austragsfeuchten (d.h. Tabakfeuchten
nach Behandlung im Wirbelschichttrockner) des Blatttabaks.
Es wurden die gleichen, mit teilinvertierter Saccharose beaufschlagten Basistabake wie im Beispiel 1 eingesetzt. Die Eingangsfeuchte betrug hier einheitlich 18%. It was the same, acted upon with partially inverted sucrose Base tobacco used as in Example 1. The input humidity here was uniformly 18%.
Als Behandlungsaggregat diente ein herkömmlicher Dampftunnel mit
einem Schwingförderer, bei dem aus Bohrungen in einem Bodenblech
herausströmender heißer Dampf (Sattdampf) mit dem Blatttabak in
Wechselwirkung tritt; grundsätzlich herrscht in dem Dampftunnel
Atmosphärendruck (offenes System). Der Druck des Dampfes vor dem
Einspeisen in den Dampftunnel betrug einheitlich ca. 7 bar und
das Massenverhältnis von Tabak zu Dampf 0,2. Tabelle 2 zeigt die
angewandten Parameterkombinationen. Die Tabaktemperatur Austrag
und die Austragsfeuchte sind die Tabaktemperatur bzw. die Tabakfeuchte
unmittelbar nach der Dampfbehandlung.
Man erkennt, dass der Tabak im Dampftunnel relativ schnell einen stationären Zustand erreichte, bei dem sich Tabaktemperatur und Tabakfeuchte mit der Dauer der Dampfbehandlung nur leicht änderten.It can be seen that the tobacco in the steam tunnel relatively quickly reached steady state, at which tobacco temperature and Tobacco moisture with the duration of steam treatment only slightly changed.
Die beiden Tabellen 3 und 4 vergleichen für jeden der beiden
untersuchten Basistabake die nach den in den Tabellen 1 und 2
beschriebenen Parameterkombinationen 1 bis 3 bzw. 4 bis 6 erzielten
Resultate. Untersucht wurden der Gehalt von Gesamtaminosäuren
und Ammoniak, jeweils bezogen auf Trockensubstanz (TS).
Der Vergleich des Gehaltes an Gesamtaminosäuren und Ammoniak zeigt die Gleichwertigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit einem konventionellen Prozess.The comparison of the content of total amino acids and ammonia shows the equivalence of the method according to the invention a conventional process.
Zusätzlich zur analytischen Untersuchung wurden die behandelten Burley-Tabake zur Bereitung von Probecigaretten geschnitten und von einem Expertengremium paarweise miteinander verglichen. In beiden Fällen ergab der Vergleich zwischen erfindungsgemäßem und konventionellem Verfahren keine signifikanten Unterschiede.In addition to the analytical examination, the treated Cut Burley tobaccos for preparing sample cigarettes and compared by a panel of experts in pairs. In In both cases, the comparison between inventive and conventional method no significant differences.
Claims (7)
- A method for the treatment of tobacco, in particular Burley tobacco, having the following steps:treatment of tobacco, preferably leaf tobacco, with a casing which preferably contains sugar,thermal treatment of the casing-treated tobacco with saturated steam, whereby prior to the steam treatment the tobacco moisture lies in the range from 15% to 25% and whereby after the steam treatment the tobacco moisture lies in the range from 15% to 25% and the tobacco temperature lies in the range from 80°C to 115°C.
- A method according to Claim 1,
characterised in that the reaction time of the steam on the tobacco lies in the range from 0.1 minutes to 10 minutes. - A method according to Claim 1 or 2,
characterised in that the mass ratio of injected steam to treated tobacco is 0.1 to 0.5. - A method according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
characterised in that the thermal treatment takes place in a steam tunnel. - A method according to Claim 4,
characterised in that the pressure of the steam before injection into the steam tunnel lies in the range from 2 bar to 12 bar. - A method according to Claim 5,
characterised in that the pressure of the steam prior to injection into the steam tunnel lies in the range from 4 bar to 10 bar. - A method according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
characterised in that following the steam treatment the tobacco is cooled and is treated in a drum with a top dressing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI200130277T SI1353572T1 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2001-06-15 | Method for the treatment of tobacco |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10103123 | 2001-01-24 | ||
| DE10103123A DE10103123A1 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2001-01-24 | Method of treating tobacco |
| PCT/EP2001/006776 WO2002058490A1 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2001-06-15 | Method for the treatment of tobacco |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1353572A1 EP1353572A1 (en) | 2003-10-22 |
| EP1353572B1 true EP1353572B1 (en) | 2004-11-17 |
Family
ID=7671586
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01964985A Expired - Lifetime EP1353572B1 (en) | 2001-01-24 | 2001-06-15 | Method for the treatment of tobacco |
Country Status (25)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7320326B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1353572B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3964789B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100737116B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1192725C (en) |
| AR (1) | AR032513A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE282333T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2001285747B2 (en) |
| BG (1) | BG65441B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2433412A1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ297134B6 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10103123A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2231542T3 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1064261A1 (en) |
| HU (1) | HU228295B1 (en) |
| MA (1) | MA26151A1 (en) |
| MY (1) | MY128741A (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ527489A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL193410B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2242147C1 (en) |
| SI (1) | SI1353572T1 (en) |
| SK (1) | SK286542B6 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI243650B (en) |
| UA (1) | UA73842C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002058490A1 (en) |
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| WO2005063060A1 (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-07-14 | U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company | Conditioning process for tobacco and/or snuff compositions |
| KR100844444B1 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2008-07-08 | 주식회사 케이티앤지 | Cigarette composed of cigar leaf and functional filter and manufacturing method therof |
| US8434496B2 (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2013-05-07 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Thermal treatment process for tobacco materials |
| ITTV20090160A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2009-11-06 | Comas Spa | PROCESS TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF THE PRODUCTS TO BE USED FOR THE FILLING OF SMOKE ITEMS, CIGARETTES, CIGARS AND DRUMS |
| GB201012090D0 (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-09-01 | British American Tobacco Co | Cellulosic material |
| CN101904556B (en) * | 2010-07-23 | 2012-07-04 | 安徽中烟工业公司 | Tobacco stalk pretreatment process |
| TW201233345A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2012-08-16 | Philip Morris Prod | Method of treating burley tobacco stems |
| CN102038283B (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-12-26 | 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司 | Curing method of flue-cured tobacco leaf raw materials |
| US9854839B2 (en) | 2012-01-31 | 2018-01-02 | Altria Client Services Llc | Electronic vaping device and method |
| CN103504463B (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-09-30 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | The application of a kind of shaddock ped polysaccharide in tobacco leaf humectation |
| EP3087851B1 (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2020-08-19 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Method for producing tobacco material, and tobacco material produced by said production method |
| CN103704865A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-09 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Technology for cigarette production |
| CN103815539B (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2016-11-09 | 福建中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of Chinese style blended type cigarette and preparation method thereof |
| BR112017014790A2 (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2018-01-09 | British American Tobacco Investments Ltd | smokable material for inclusion in a smoking article, method of obtaining smokable material, smoking article and use of an acacia gum solution |
| CN106942780B (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2018-12-14 | 合肥富通环保新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of tobacco rough machined method when cigarette produces |
| DE102019105417A1 (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2020-09-10 | Tews Elektronik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Procedure for processing at least two input materials |
| CN110495630B (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2022-02-25 | 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Treatment method of air-washed tobacco leaves |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB508264A (en) | 1937-08-26 | 1939-06-28 | Guardite Corp | Improvements in or relating to the treating, impregnating or moistening of bulk products, for example organic products, particularly tobacco |
| LU49860A1 (en) * | 1965-11-17 | 1966-01-17 | ||
| US3828798A (en) * | 1972-11-20 | 1974-08-13 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco | Aromatic tobacco forming process |
| DE2402538C2 (en) * | 1974-01-19 | 1985-05-09 | Hauni-Werke Körber & Co KG, 2050 Hamburg | Method and device for conditioning tobacco |
| DE2638446A1 (en) * | 1976-08-26 | 1978-03-02 | Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg | TOBACCO DRYERS |
| DE3119330C2 (en) | 1981-05-15 | 1983-06-01 | H.F. & Ph.F. Reemtsma Gmbh & Co, 2000 Hamburg | Process for improving the filling capacity of tobacco |
| GB8822574D0 (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1988-11-02 | Gbe International Plc | Vibratory steaming conveyor |
| JP2604263B2 (en) * | 1990-04-19 | 1997-04-30 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Magnetron drive |
| DE4142631A1 (en) | 1991-12-21 | 1993-06-24 | Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg | METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR SEPARATING TOBACCOA FIBERS AND TAPER LEAF FIBERS GLUED TOGETHER |
| DE19543263C2 (en) * | 1995-11-20 | 2001-04-19 | Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh | Process and plant for the treatment of tobacco leaves for the production of cut tobacco |
| US5755238A (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 1998-05-26 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Method and apparatus for low residence time redrying of tobacco |
| IT1295858B1 (en) * | 1997-11-10 | 1999-05-28 | Anna Mastrolilli | PLANT FOR TANNING THE TRICIATE TOBACCO (LEAF AND RIB) AND THE FRASAMI, LEAF PARTICLES HAVING EQUAL OR LESS DIMENSIONS |
| GB9922746D0 (en) * | 1999-09-24 | 1999-11-24 | Rothmans International Ltd | Tobacco processing |
-
2001
- 2001-01-24 DE DE10103123A patent/DE10103123A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-06-15 CN CNB018222315A patent/CN1192725C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-15 US US10/466,843 patent/US7320326B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-15 KR KR1020037009296A patent/KR100737116B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-06-15 CZ CZ20032263A patent/CZ297134B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-06-15 NZ NZ527489A patent/NZ527489A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-06-15 EP EP01964985A patent/EP1353572B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-15 JP JP2002558832A patent/JP3964789B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-06-15 PL PL01365043A patent/PL193410B1/en unknown
- 2001-06-15 SI SI200130277T patent/SI1353572T1/en unknown
- 2001-06-15 ES ES01964985T patent/ES2231542T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-15 CA CA002433412A patent/CA2433412A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-15 SK SK1065-2003A patent/SK286542B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-06-15 HU HU0302739A patent/HU228295B1/en unknown
- 2001-06-15 WO PCT/EP2001/006776 patent/WO2002058490A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-06-15 UA UA2003087878A patent/UA73842C2/en unknown
- 2001-06-15 RU RU2003125857/12A patent/RU2242147C1/en active
- 2001-06-15 AU AU2001285747A patent/AU2001285747B2/en not_active Expired
- 2001-06-15 AT AT01964985T patent/ATE282333T1/en active
- 2001-06-15 DE DE50104569T patent/DE50104569D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-01-16 TW TW091100570A patent/TWI243650B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-01-22 MY MYPI20020242A patent/MY128741A/en unknown
- 2002-01-23 AR ARP020100223A patent/AR032513A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2003
- 2003-07-03 MA MA27224A patent/MA26151A1/en unknown
- 2003-08-22 BG BG108126A patent/BG65441B1/en unknown
-
2004
- 2004-09-20 HK HK04107237A patent/HK1064261A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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