EP1346157B1 - Device with at least one extension arm or support arm for multi-linked crane shaped extension arms, concrete spreader columns and similar - Google Patents

Device with at least one extension arm or support arm for multi-linked crane shaped extension arms, concrete spreader columns and similar Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1346157B1
EP1346157B1 EP01995711A EP01995711A EP1346157B1 EP 1346157 B1 EP1346157 B1 EP 1346157B1 EP 01995711 A EP01995711 A EP 01995711A EP 01995711 A EP01995711 A EP 01995711A EP 1346157 B1 EP1346157 B1 EP 1346157B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
segment
tubular segment
piston rod
end pieces
support arm
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP01995711A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1346157A2 (en
Inventor
Siegfried TRÜMPER
Horst Heckmann
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Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH
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Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1447—Pistons; Piston to piston rod assemblies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49249—Piston making
    • Y10T29/49252—Multi-element piston making

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device with at least one boom or support arm for crane-like boom, concrete distribution button, aerial work platforms, manipulators and the like. Multi-unit work units.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing such a device, in particular a hydraulic differential cylinder used for the device.
  • the invention relates to the formation of a concrete placing boom of a movable or stationarily arranged concrete pump, wherein the mast consists of different mast sections, which are folded and possibly also telescopic, wherein the actuation of the mast arms takes place in particular by hydraulic differential Zylindex.
  • a generic device or a generic method is already off GB-A-2 140 362 known.
  • the object of the invention is to develop a device of the generic type such that by skillful design a weight reduction of the device via the hydraulic differential cylinder is made possible as a drive for the boom or support arms of multi-membered, crane-like arms, Betonverteilermasten and the like . be used and therefore be designed to save weight.
  • the hydraulic differential cylinders are already designed lightweight, characterized in that the piston rod is formed hollow.
  • the hollow piston rod in this case comprises a tubular segment and arranged at the ends of the tubular segment end pieces, in particular a piston-side, preferably frontally closed end piece, and a rod-side end piece.
  • the piston may optionally also be welded.
  • the tubular segment and the end pieces are formed either in one piece or connected to each other by cohesive connection. In the case of a cohesive connection of at least one of the end pieces with the tubular segment, it is expedient that at least on one side an end piece is welded.
  • the opposite end portion of the tube may be suitably formed by either welding or otherwise attaching another end, such as via threads or screws.
  • the opposite end portion may also be formed integrally with the tubular segment.
  • both ends of the piston rod formed as a tubular segment or pipe can be welded to corresponding end pieces.
  • the production of a cast blank with subsequent machining takes place from one end of the piston rod forth to form the piston rod hollow.
  • This is in particular a high-tensile material with a tensile strength of over 700 N / mm 2 used, from which the hollow piston rod can be made, resulting in a very high-duty piston rod.
  • notch stresses namely, due to the design, generally causes the wall thickness of the components of the hydraulic differential cylinders to be dimensioned correspondingly large. This is accompanied by a corresponding weight increase.
  • the wall thicknesses of the components of the hydraulic differential cylinder can be dimensioned correspondingly stronger moderate. This can bring considerable weight advantages, considering that very often long-stroke hydraulic cylinders with stroke lengths of 2.5 m and more must be used.
  • weld seam areas are reworked in particular on the inner tube side of the segment by machining and smoothing.
  • the accessibility of the tool is ensured by the fact that at least one of the end pieces has an opening through which the cutting tool and possibly the smoothing tool can be carried out and the machining can be carried out.
  • the invention is also generally applicable to hydraulic differential cylinders, which are used independently of the applications given above, but the preferred field of application is crane-type booms, concrete distributor booms and comparable manipulators.
  • an opening is provided at least at one end piece of the hollow piston rod a machining tool access to the cavity of the piston rod receives.
  • a machining tool access to the cavity of the piston rod receives.
  • integral hollow piston rods in which the cavity is made in the piston rod by machining a solid blank, it is advantageous to the blank by known shaping methods, such. As forging, casting or rolling or the like, since this allows easy production.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a hydraulic differential cylinder 1 according to the invention.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 1 in this case consists of the cylinder tube 3 and the displaceably arranged in the cylinder tube 3 piston rod 2, which is designed as a hollow piston rod 2.
  • the hollow piston rod 2 comprises a tubular segment 4, at the ends of the piston-side end piece 5 and the rod eye-side end piece 6 are provided, wherein the piston-side end piece 5 by screw 10 of the piston 11 is arranged.
  • the rod-side end piece 6 has two laterally projecting pipe sockets 13, 14 for connecting the piston rod to the mast arm or the like. As well as an opening 8, on the outside of the access to the interior of the hollow piston rod 2 is possible.
  • the cross-section of the piston wall 9 is uniformly smooth and even over the entire region of the tubular segment 4, wherein the transition to the end pieces 5, 6 is designed so that no notch effects occur. In particular, it is ensured by the provision of a sufficiently large radius of curvature in the transition of the tubular segment 4 to the piston-side end piece 5, which consists here of solid material, that no impermissible notch effects occur.
  • the hollow piston rod is made of welded joints 7 from the end pieces 5 and 6 and the tubular segment 4.
  • the welds 7, which are executed in the embodiment shown as V-seams, are designed by a mechanically machined post-processing so that there is a flat and smooth and flush transition at the interface between the parts to be joined. This avoids protruding parts of the welded joint, as in Fig. 2 could contribute to a notch effect.
  • A is in Fig. 2 the residual notch factor-free weld remaining after machining is designated after the mechanical processing, so that there the outer surface in the seam area is flush with the adjacent pipe surfaces.
  • Fig. 3 moreover shows a further embodiment of a hydraulic cylinder 1 according to the invention, in which the hollow piston rod 2 has a welded end piece 6, wherein the weld seams are denoted by 7. Moreover, the hollow piston rod 2 made of solid material and thus be made in one piece with the end piece 5, which is compressed in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the compression zone is designated 12. With 13, a thread is shown, which is applied to the outer surface of the end piece 5. A corresponding thread is provided on the piston 11, which can thus be screwed to the end piece 5.
  • the breakthrough for the tool access, which is designated 8 and allows access to the interior of the hollow piston rod 2, is provided here on the piston-side end piece 5.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show embodiments of a hydraulic differential cylinder 1, wherein the hollow piston rod is formed integrally.
  • a cast blank is preferably used, which in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 is machined from the upper end of the piston rod to the formation of the cavity.
  • the inner wall 15 of the rod-side end 6 and the tubular segment 4 is smoothed by machining to avoid the occurrence of notch effects.
  • the transition to the front side takes place by notch effects avoiding rounding 17th

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device with at least one extension arm or support arm for multi-linked crane shaped extension arms, concrete spreader columns and similar, comprising at least one hydraulic differential cylinder for actuating a support arm. The cylinder comprises a hollow piston rod which has a tubular segment and two end pieces arranged on the ends of said segment, whereby at least one of the end pieces is welded on to the segment thereof. The welded joint is machined and the root of the weld is eliminated. At least one of the end pieces comprises a through opening which enables tool access in order to machine the hollow cavity of the hollow piston rod.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung mit mindestens einem Ausleger- oder Tragarm für kranartige Ausleger, Betonverteilennaste, Hubarbeitsbühnen, Manipulatoren und dgl. mehrgliedrige Arbeitsaggregate. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Vorrichtung, insbesondere eines für die Vorrichtung verwendeten Hydraulik-Differential-Zylinders. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung die Ausbildung eines Betonverteilermastes einer verfahrbaren oder stationär angeordneten Betonpumpe, bei der der Mast aus verschiedenen Mastsektionen besteht, die gefaltet und gegebenenfalls auch teleskopierbar sind, wobei die Betätigung der Mastarme insbesondere durch hydraulische Differential-Zylindex erfolgt.The present invention relates to a device with at least one boom or support arm for crane-like boom, concrete distribution button, aerial work platforms, manipulators and the like. Multi-unit work units. The invention further relates to a method for producing such a device, in particular a hydraulic differential cylinder used for the device. In particular, the invention relates to the formation of a concrete placing boom of a movable or stationarily arranged concrete pump, wherein the mast consists of different mast sections, which are folded and possibly also telescopic, wherein the actuation of the mast arms takes place in particular by hydraulic differential Zylindex.

Eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung bzw ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren ist schon aus GB-A-2 140 362 bekannt.A generic device or a generic method is already off GB-A-2 140 362 known.

Bei Betonverteilermasten, die aus gelenkig miteinander verbundenen und aus Platzgründen zusammenfaltbaren, jedoch für den Betrieb ausschwenkbaren bzw. ausfahrbaren Mastarmen aufgebaut sind, werden insbesondere für den untersten bzw. die untersten Mastarme bzw. Tragarme vergleichsweise großbauende Hydraulik-Differential-Zylinder verwendet, die als Antrieb für die Anhebung und Absenkung und gegebenenfalls für das Teleskopieren eines Mastarmes verwendet werden. Dabei werden Hydraulik-Zylinder eine Hublängen bis 2,5 m und mehr verwendet. Es versteht sich von selbst, dass diese hydraulischen Differential-Zylinder entsprechend groß und dimensionsstabil ausgelegt werden müssen, so dass sie die bei der Betätigung des Gesamtmastes auftretenden Kräfte aufnehmen, insbesondere die Mastarme gewünscht und zuverlässig ausfahren bzw. bewegen können. Es liegt auf der Hand, dass derartige mehrgliedrige Mastaufbauten schwergewichtig bauen, so dass ein Hauptaugenmerk auf die Minimierung der nicht zuletzt über die untersten Hydraulik-Zylinder zu bewegenden Massen zu legen ist. Deswegen wird angestrebt, dass derartige Ausleger so leicht wie möglich gebaut werden.In concrete distributor masts, which are composed of articulated interconnected and collapsible for reasons of space, but swing out for operation or extendable boom arms are used in particular for the lowermost and the lowermost mast arms or support arms comparatively large-sized hydraulic differential cylinder used as a drive be used for raising and lowering and possibly for telescoping a boom arm. Hydraulic cylinders are used with stroke lengths of up to 2.5 m and more. It goes without saying that these hydraulic differential cylinders must be designed to be correspondingly large and dimensionally stable, so that they absorb the forces occurring during the actuation of the overall mast, in particular the mast arms desired and can reliably extend or move. It is obvious that such multi-unit tower superstructures build heavy, so that a main focus on the minimization of not least on the bottom hydraulic cylinder to move masses is to lay. Therefore, it is desired that such arms are built as easily as possible.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung der gattungsgemäßen Art derart weiterzubilden, dass durch geschickte Gestaltung eine Gewichtsreduzierung der Vorrichtung über die Hydraulik-Differential-Zylinder ermöglicht wird, die als Antrieb für die Ausleger- oder Tragarme von mehrgliedrigen, kranartigen Auslegern, Betonverteilermasten und dgl. verwendet und deswegen gewichtssparend ausgelegt werden sollen.The object of the invention is to develop a device of the generic type such that by skillful design a weight reduction of the device via the hydraulic differential cylinder is made possible as a drive for the boom or support arms of multi-membered, crane-like arms, Betonverteilermasten and the like . be used and therefore be designed to save weight.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 enthaltenen Merkmale für die Vorrichtung gelöst, wobei eine verfahrensmäßige Lösung für die Herstellung einer solchen Vorrichtung durch die Merkmale des selbstständigen Anspruchs 6 bestimmt ist.This object is achieved by the features contained in the characterizing part of claim 1 for the device, wherein a procedural solution for the preparation of such a device by the features of the independent claim 6 is determined.

Nach Maßgabe der Erfindung werden die Hydraulik-Differential-Zylinder bereits dadurch leichtgewichtig ausgelegt, dass die Kolbenstange hohl ausgebildet wird. Die hohl ausgebildete Kolbenstange umfasst hierbei ein rohrartiges Segment und an den Enden des rohrartigen Segments angeordnete Endstücke, insbesondere ein kolbenseitiges, vorzugsweise stirnseitig geschlossenes Endstück, und ein stangenaugenseitiges Endstück. Am kolbenseitigen Endstück ist ein Kolben angeordnet, entweder über Schraubverbindungen oder ein Gewinde. Der Kolben kann gegebenenfalls auch angeschweißt sein. Nach Maßgabe der Erfindung sind das rohrartige Segment und die Endstücke entweder einstückig ausgebildet oder durch stoffschlüssige Verbindung miteinander verbunden. Im Falle einer stoffschlüssigen Verbindung zumindest eines der Endstücke mit dem rohrartigen Segment ist es zweckmäßig, dass zumindest an einer Seite ein Endstück angeschweißt ist. Der gegenüberliegende Endabschnitt des Rohres kann geeignet ausgebildet werden, indem ein weiteres Endstück entweder angeschweißt oder in sonst einer Weise, etwa über Gewinde oder Schrauben befestigt wird. Der gegenüberliegende Endabschnitt kann aber auch einstückig mit dem rohrartigen Segment ausgebildet sein. Im Rahmen der Erfindung können auch beide Enden der als rohrartiges Segment bzw. Rohr ausgebildeten Kolbenstange mit entsprechenden Endstücken verschweißt sein.According to the invention, the hydraulic differential cylinders are already designed lightweight, characterized in that the piston rod is formed hollow. The hollow piston rod in this case comprises a tubular segment and arranged at the ends of the tubular segment end pieces, in particular a piston-side, preferably frontally closed end piece, and a rod-side end piece. On the piston-side end a piston is arranged, either by screw or a thread. The piston may optionally also be welded. According to the invention, the tubular segment and the end pieces are formed either in one piece or connected to each other by cohesive connection. In the case of a cohesive connection of at least one of the end pieces with the tubular segment, it is expedient that at least on one side an end piece is welded. The opposite end portion of the tube may be suitably formed by either welding or otherwise attaching another end, such as via threads or screws. The opposite end portion may also be formed integrally with the tubular segment. In the context of the invention, both ends of the piston rod formed as a tubular segment or pipe can be welded to corresponding end pieces.

Im Falle der einstückigen Ausbildung der Kolbenstange erfolgt die Herstellung aus einem gegossenen Rohling mit nachfolgender spanabhebender Bearbeitung von einem Ende der Kolbenstange her, um die Kolbenstange hohl auszubilden. Hierbei wird insbesondere ein hoch beanspruchbarer Werksstoff mit einer Zugfestigkeit von über 700 N/mm2 verwendet, aus dem die hohle Kolbenstange gefertigt werden kann, was zu einer sehr hoch belastbaren Kolbenstange führt.In the case of the one-piece design of the piston rod, the production of a cast blank with subsequent machining takes place from one end of the piston rod forth to form the piston rod hollow. This is in particular a high-tensile material with a tensile strength of over 700 N / mm 2 used, from which the hollow piston rod can be made, resulting in a very high-duty piston rod.

Die Erfinder haben erkannt, dass es für die Dimensionierung dieser Hydraulik-Zylinder, die schließlich die gesamten darüber liegenden Massen eines Betonverteilermastes bewegen müssen, von Vorteil ist, wenn das Auftreten von bewegenden Hydraulik-Differential-Zylinder Kerbspannungen reduziert bzw. minimiert wird. Die Berücksichtigung von Kerbspannungen führt nämlich konstruktionsbedingt dazu, dass gemeinhin die Wandstärke der Bauteile der Hydraulik-Differential-Zylinder entsprechend stark dimensioniert werden. Dies geht mit einer entsprechenden Gewichtserhöhung einher. Reduziert man allerdings die Kerbspannungen, die im Betrieb auftreten können, dann lassen sich die Wandstärken der Bauteile des Hydraulik-Differential-Zylinders entsprechend günstiger stärkemäßig dimensionieren. Dies kann erhebliche Gewichtsvorteile mit sich bringen, wenn man bedenkt, dass sehr oft langhubige Hydraulik-Zylinder mit Hublängen von 2,5 m und mehr verwendet werden müssen. Dies erreicht man nach Maßgabe der Erfindung dadurch, dass die Schweißnahtbereiche insbesondere auf der inneren Rohrseite des Segments nachgearbeitet werden und zwar durch spanabhebende Bearbeitung und Glättung. Die Zugängigkeit für das Werkzeug wird dadurch gewährleistet, dass mindestens eines der Endstücke einen Durchbruch aufweist, über den das spanabhebende Werkzeug und gegebenenfalls das Glättewerkzeug durchgeführt und die Bearbeitung vorgenommen werden kann. Selbstverständlich ist die Erfindung auch generell auf Hydraulik-Differential-Zylinder anwendbar, die unabhängig von den vorstehend angegebenen Anwendungsfällen verwendet werden, wobei jedoch das bevorzugte Anwendungsgebiet kranartige Ausleger, Betonverteilermasten und vergleichbare Manipulatoren sind.The inventors have realized that it is advantageous for the sizing of these hydraulic cylinders, which eventually have to move the entire overlying masses of a concrete placing boom, when the incidence of moving hydraulic differential cylinder notch stresses is reduced or minimized. The consideration of notch stresses namely, due to the design, generally causes the wall thickness of the components of the hydraulic differential cylinders to be dimensioned correspondingly large. This is accompanied by a corresponding weight increase. However, if you reduce the notch stresses that can occur during operation, then the wall thicknesses of the components of the hydraulic differential cylinder can be dimensioned correspondingly stronger moderate. This can bring considerable weight advantages, considering that very often long-stroke hydraulic cylinders with stroke lengths of 2.5 m and more must be used. This is achieved in accordance with the invention in that the weld seam areas are reworked in particular on the inner tube side of the segment by machining and smoothing. The accessibility of the tool is ensured by the fact that at least one of the end pieces has an opening through which the cutting tool and possibly the smoothing tool can be carried out and the machining can be carried out. Of course, the invention is also generally applicable to hydraulic differential cylinders, which are used independently of the applications given above, but the preferred field of application is crane-type booms, concrete distributor booms and comparable manipulators.

Wesentlich für die Erfindung und zwar auch und gerade in Zusammenhang mit der einstückigen Ausbildung der Kolbenstange ist es, dass insbesondere die Länge des rohrartigen Segments und die Übergänge zwischen Segment und jeweiligem Endstück bezüglich der Wandstärke gleichmäßig verbleiben bzw. bei Querschnittsänderungen oder bei den Übergängen von rohrartigem Segment zu den Endstücken ein eine Kerbwirkung vermeidender Krümmungsradius vorgesehen ist und die Oberfläche insgesamt glatt ausgeführt ist. Dies bewirkt, dass Kerbwirkungen weitgehend vermieden werden. Dadurch wird der Kerbfaktor entsprechend minimiert bzw. eliminiert, so dass eine um diesen Faktor verringerte Rohrwandstärke mit der entsprechenden Gewichtsminimierung bzw. Gewichtsreduzierung ermöglicht ist. Diese Gewichtsminimierung für die Hydraulik-Differential-Zylinder wirkt sich naturgemäß auch auf die anderen Bauteile aus.Essential for the invention and indeed also and especially in connection with the one-piece design of the piston rod is that in particular the length of the tubular segment and the transitions between the segment and the respective tail with respect to the wall thickness remain uniform or in cross-sectional changes or at the transitions of rohrartigem Segment to the end pieces a notch effect avoiding radius of curvature is provided and the surface is made entirely smooth. This causes notch effects are largely avoided. As a result, the notch factor is correspondingly minimized or eliminated, so that a pipe wall thickness reduced by this factor is made possible with the corresponding weight minimization or weight reduction. This weight minimization for the hydraulic differential cylinder naturally also affects the other components.

Um zur Verringerung von Kerbwirkungsbeanspruchungen die innenseitige Oberfläche der hohlen Kolbenstange mechanisch bearbeiten bzw. glätten zu können oder den inneren Hohlraum aus einem vorgefertigten massiven Rohling spanabhebend herausarbeiten zu können, ist es vorteilhaft, dass zumindest an einem Endstück der hohlen Kolbenstange ein Durchbruch vorgesehen wird, über den ein Bearbeitungswerkzeug Zugang zu dem Hohlraum der Kolbenstange erhält. Bezüglich des für die Werkzeugzuführung erforderlichen Durchbruches bzw. Öffnung ist es zwecksmäßig, diese am stangenaugenseitigen Ende der hohlen Kolbenstange vorzusehen, da dies konstruktive Vorteile gegenüber der Anbringung am kolbenseitigen Ende aufweist, und zwar insbesondere in der Weise, dass man am kolbenseitigen geschlossenen Ende der Kolbenstange den Kolben mit einer Mehrschraubenverbindung dynamisch sicher durch Vorspannen der Schrauben oder durch eine Gewindeverbindung befestigen kann. Denn je leichter der Ausleger, desto größer sind nutzbare Reichweite und Reichhöhe. Die Forderung nach Leichtbau trifft zwar grundsätzlich für alle Bauteile zu, insbesondere aber vor allem auf die Hydraulik-Zylinder.In order to be able to mechanically work on the inside surface of the hollow piston rod in order to reduce stress concentrations, or to be able to carve out the inner cavity from a prefabricated solid blank, it is advantageous that an opening is provided at least at one end piece of the hollow piston rod a machining tool access to the cavity of the piston rod receives. With respect to the required for the tool feed opening or aperture, it is appropriate to provide this at the rod eye end of the hollow piston rod, as this has constructive advantages over the attachment to the piston end, in particular in such a way that at the piston side closed end of the piston rod The piston with a multi-bolt connection dynamic secure by biasing the screws or by a threaded connection can attach. The lighter the boom, the greater the usable range and reach. The demand for lightweight construction applies in principle for all components, but especially on the hydraulic cylinder.

Ein besonders einfaches Verfahren des stoffschlüssigen Verbindens ist das Schweißen, insbesonder das stirnseitige Verschweißen der Endstücke mit dem rohrartigen Segment. Um auch hier im Bereich der Schweißnähte eine glatte, d.h. glatt bezüglich der Oberfläche und eben bezüglich des Wandquerschnitts, Ausbildung der hohlen Kolbenstange zu erzielen, ist es vorteilhaft, insbesondere zumindest in diesen Bereichen eine spanabhebende, insbesondere mechanisch spanabhebende Bearbeitung der Innen- und/oder Außenwand der hohlen Kolbenstange vorzunehmen, wobei zu beachten ist, dass dadurch nicht nur abrupte Wandstärkeveränderungen beseitigt werden, sondern zudem die Schweißnähte soweit abgetragen werden, dass die Schweißnahtwurzel eliminiert ist. Denn bei Schweißnähten treten Kerbwirkungen auch schon dann auf, wenn zwar keine abrupte Wandstärkeveränderungen mehr, aber noch die Schweißnahtwurzel vorhanden ist. Man kann also auf die oben beschriebene Weise

  • durch Glättung der Oberflächen
  • Vermeidung von abrupten Wandstärkeveränderungen
  • und Eliminieren der Schweißnahtwurzel
Kerbwirkungen vermeiden und dadurch die Teile des Hydraulik-Zylinders konstruktiv leichtgewichtiger bei gleicher Stabilität auslegen.A particularly simple method of cohesive bonding is welding, in particular the end-side welding of the end pieces to the tubular segment. In order to achieve a smooth, ie smooth with respect to the surface and just with respect to the wall cross section, formation of the hollow piston rod here in the welds, it is advantageous, especially at least in these areas a machining, especially mechanical machining of the inner and / or Be aware that this not only abrupt wall thickness changes are eliminated, but also the welds are removed so far that the weld root is eliminated. For in weld seams, notch effects occur even if no more abrupt wall thickness changes occur, but still the weld root is present. So you can in the way described above
  • by smoothing the surfaces
  • Avoidance of abrupt wall thickness changes
  • and eliminating the weld root
Avoiding notch effects and thereby design the parts of the hydraulic cylinder constructive lightweight with the same stability.

Bei gegebenenfalls einstückigen hohlen Kolbenstangen, bei denen der Hohlraum in der Kolbenstange durch spanabhebende Bearbeitung eines massiven Rohlings hergestellt wird, ist es vorteilhaft, den Rohling durch bekannte Formgebungsverfahren, wie z. B. Schmieden, Gießen oder Walzen oder dergleichen herzustellen, da dies eine einfache Herstellung ermöglicht.In optionally integral hollow piston rods, in which the cavity is made in the piston rod by machining a solid blank, it is advantageous to the blank by known shaping methods, such. As forging, casting or rolling or the like, since this allows easy production.

Nachfolgend werden bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben. Darin zeigen

Figur 1
einen Querschnitt durch einen für die Bewegung eines Ausleger- oder Tragarms geeigneten Hydraulik-Differential-Zylinders,
Figur 2
eine Detailansicht der Schweißverbindung aus Figur 1 im Querschnitt sowie
Figur 3
den Querschnitt einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines solchen Hydraulik-Differential-Zylinders sowie
Figur 4 und 5
Querschnitte von Zylindern mit einstückig ausgebildeter Kolbenstange.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Show in it
FIG. 1
a cross section through a suitable for the movement of a boom or support arm hydraulic differential cylinder,
FIG. 2
a detailed view of the welded joint FIG. 1 in cross-section as well
FIG. 3
the cross section of another embodiment of such a hydraulic differential cylinder and
FIGS. 4 and 5
Cross sections of cylinders with integrally formed piston rod.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Querschnittsansicht einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Hydraulik-Differential-Zylinders 1. Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a hydraulic differential cylinder 1 according to the invention.

Der Hydraulik-Zylinder 1 besteht hierbei aus dem Zylinderrohr 3 und der in dem Zylinderrohr 3 verschiebbar angeordneten Kolbenstange 2, die als hohle Kolbenstange 2 ausgeführt ist. Die hohle Kolbenstange 2 umfaßt ein rohrartiges Segment 4, an dessen Enden das kolbenseitige Endstück 5 und das stangenaugenseitige Endstück 6 vorgesehen sind, wobei am kolbenseitigen Endstück 5 durch Schraubverbindungen 10 der Kolben 11 angeordnet ist.The hydraulic cylinder 1 in this case consists of the cylinder tube 3 and the displaceably arranged in the cylinder tube 3 piston rod 2, which is designed as a hollow piston rod 2. The hollow piston rod 2 comprises a tubular segment 4, at the ends of the piston-side end piece 5 and the rod eye-side end piece 6 are provided, wherein the piston-side end piece 5 by screw 10 of the piston 11 is arranged.

Das stangenaugenseitige Endstück 6 weist zwei seitlich abkragende Rohrstutzen 13, 14 für den Anschluss der Kolbenstange am Mastarm oder dgl. sowie einen Durchbruch 8 auf, über den von außen der Zugang zum Innenraum der hohlen Kolbenstange 2 möglich ist. Der Querschnitt der Kolbenwand 9 ist über den gesamten Bereich des rohrartigen Segements 4 gleichbleibend glatt und eben, wobei auch der Übergang zu den Endstücken 5, 6 so ausgeführt ist, dass keine Kerbwirkungen auftreten. Insbesondere ist beim Übergang des rohrartigen Segments 4 zum kolbenseitigen Endstück 5, das hier aus Vollmaterial besteht, durch das Vorsehen eines ausreichend großen Krümmungsradius gewährleistet, dass keine unzulässigen Kerbwirkungen auftreten.The rod-side end piece 6 has two laterally projecting pipe sockets 13, 14 for connecting the piston rod to the mast arm or the like. As well as an opening 8, on the outside of the access to the interior of the hollow piston rod 2 is possible. The cross-section of the piston wall 9 is uniformly smooth and even over the entire region of the tubular segment 4, wherein the transition to the end pieces 5, 6 is designed so that no notch effects occur. In particular, it is ensured by the provision of a sufficiently large radius of curvature in the transition of the tubular segment 4 to the piston-side end piece 5, which consists here of solid material, that no impermissible notch effects occur.

Die hohle Kolbenstange ist über Schweißverbindungen 7 aus den Endstücken 5 und 6 sowie dem rohrartigen Segement 4 gefertigt ist. Die Schweißnähte 7, die in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel als V-Nähte ausgeführt sind, sind durch eine mechanisch spanabhebende Nachbearbeitung so ausgestaltet, dass sich ein ebener und glatter sowie bündiger Übergang an der Nahtstelle zwischen den zu verbindenden Teilen ergibt. Damit wird vermieden, dass überstehende Teile der Schweißverbindung, wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, zu einer Kerbwirkung beitragen könnten. Mit A ist in Fig. 2 die nach Bearbeitung verbleibende kerbfaktorfreie Restschweißnaht nach der mechanischen Bearbeitung bezeichnet, so dass dort die Außenfläche im Nahtbereich bündig mit den benachbarten Rohrflächen sind.The hollow piston rod is made of welded joints 7 from the end pieces 5 and 6 and the tubular segment 4. The welds 7, which are executed in the embodiment shown as V-seams, are designed by a mechanically machined post-processing so that there is a flat and smooth and flush transition at the interface between the parts to be joined. This avoids protruding parts of the welded joint, as in Fig. 2 could contribute to a notch effect. With A is in Fig. 2 the residual notch factor-free weld remaining after machining is designated after the mechanical processing, so that there the outer surface in the seam area is flush with the adjacent pipe surfaces.

Fig. 3 zeigt darüber hinaus eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Hydraulik-Zylinders 1, bei dem die hohle Kolbenstange 2 ein angeschweißtes Endstück 6 aufweist, wobei die Schweißnähte mit 7 bezeichnet sind. Im übrigen kann die hohle Kolbenstange 2 aus Vollmaterial und damit mit dem Endstück 5 einstückig ausgeführt sein, welches im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel gestaucht ist. Die Stauchzone ist mit 12 bezeichnet. Mit 13 ist ein Gewinde dargestellt, welches auf die äußere Mantelfläche des Endstücks 5 aufgebracht ist. Ein entsprechendes Gewinde ist am Kolben 11 vorgesehen, der somit mit dem Endstück 5 verschraubt werden kann. Der Durchbruch für den Werkzeugzutritt, der mit 8 bezeichnet ist und den Zugang zum Innenraum der hohlen Kolbenstange 2 ermöglicht, ist hier am kolbenseitigen Endstück 5 vorgesehen. Fig. 3 moreover shows a further embodiment of a hydraulic cylinder 1 according to the invention, in which the hollow piston rod 2 has a welded end piece 6, wherein the weld seams are denoted by 7. Moreover, the hollow piston rod 2 made of solid material and thus be made in one piece with the end piece 5, which is compressed in the illustrated embodiment. The compression zone is designated 12. With 13, a thread is shown, which is applied to the outer surface of the end piece 5. A corresponding thread is provided on the piston 11, which can thus be screwed to the end piece 5. The breakthrough for the tool access, which is designated 8 and allows access to the interior of the hollow piston rod 2, is provided here on the piston-side end piece 5.

Die Figuren 4 und 5 zeigen Ausführungsformen eines Hydraulik-Differential-Zylinders 1, bei dem die hohle Kolbenstange jeweils einstückig ausgebildet ist. Hierzu wird vorzugsweise ein gegossener Rohling verwendet, der bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 4 vom oberen Ende der Kolbenstange her spanabhebend zur Bildung des Hohlraums bearbeitet wird. Hierbei wird die Innenwand 15 des stangenaugenseitigen Endstücks 6 und des rohrartigen Segments 4 durch spanabhebend Bearbeitung geglättet, um das Auftreten von Kerbwirkungen zu vermeiden. Am Ende des Hohlraums bei 16 erfolgt der Übergang zur Stirnseite durch Kerbwirkungen vermeidende Abrundungen 17.The FIGS. 4 and 5 show embodiments of a hydraulic differential cylinder 1, wherein the hollow piston rod is formed integrally. For this purpose, a cast blank is preferably used, which in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 is machined from the upper end of the piston rod to the formation of the cavity. Here, the inner wall 15 of the rod-side end 6 and the tubular segment 4 is smoothed by machining to avoid the occurrence of notch effects. At the end of the cavity at 16, the transition to the front side takes place by notch effects avoiding rounding 17th

Dieselben Verhältnisse treffen für die Ausführungsform nach Figur 5 mit der Maßgabe zu, dass dort die spanabhebende Bearbeitung zur Ausbildung des Hohlraums von der anderen Seite her erfolgt, also von der in Figur 5 unteren Seite der Kolbenstange 2. Im Übergangsbereich bei 18 und 19 sind Abrundungen vorgesehen. Dadurch soll das Auftreten von Kerbspannungen verhindert werden. Ebenso ist die spanabhebende ausgearbeitete Innenwand 15 entsprechend geglättet, um das Auftreten von Kerbspannungen zu vermeiden.The same conditions apply to the embodiment FIG. 5 with the proviso that there takes place the machining of the formation of the cavity from the other side, ie from the in FIG. 5 lower side of the piston rod 2. In the transition area at 18 and 19 rounding is provided. This should prevent the occurrence of notch stresses. Likewise, the machined inner wall 15 is correspondingly smoothed in order to avoid the occurrence of notch stresses.

Claims (8)

  1. Apparatus with at least one jib or support arm for multi-member crane-like jibs, concrete spreader columns, lifting platforms, manipulators and similar with at least one hydraulic differential cylinder for actuating the arm which is articulated on one side and can be raised, lowered and/or telescoped by means of the differential cylinder, wherein the hydraulic differential cylinder has a hollow piston rod (2) which comprises a tubular segment (4) and two end pieces (5, 6) disposed at the ends of this segment (4), characterised in that the tubular segment and the end pieces are constructed in one piece or are joined to one another by material engagement, wherein in order to avoid stress concentrations the wall cross-section of the tubular segment (4) over the length of the tubular segment (4) and the transitions from the tubular segment (4) to the end pieces (5, 6) are made substantially smooth and plane or with a radius of curvature which has substantially no adverse effects on the strength, wherein in the event of joining by material engagement at least one of the end pieces is welded onto the segment, wherein by machining, in particular by mechanical finishing by cutting, the welded joint (7) is made substantially flush with the segment (4) and the end piece joined by the welded joint and the root of the welded joint is eliminated by the finishing, and also the region of the weld seam, in particular on the inner face of the tubular segment (4), is smoothed and that in the case of a one-piece construction and joining by material engagement at least one of the end pieces (5, 6), preferably the end piece (6) at the joint eye end of the piston rod, has an opening (8) through which it is possible for a tool to gain access to the space in the hollow piston rod (2) for the purpose of finishing thereof.
  2. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that in order to avoid impact stresses the wall cross-section of the tubular segment (4) over the length of the tubular segment (4) and the transitions from the tubular segment (4) to the end pieces (5, 6) are made to be substantially smooth and plane or with a radius of curvature which has substantially no adverse effects on the strength.
  3. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that the inner wall and/or the outer wall of the hollow piston rod (2) is worked and smoothed by machining, in particular by mechanical finishing by cutting, so as to minimise stress concentration factors.
  4. Apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the joint between the tubular segment (4) and the end pieces (5, 6) is in each case a welded joint (7), in particular a welded joint (7) on the end face.
  5. Apparatus as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that at least one joint between the tubular segment (4) and the end pieces (5, 6) is formed by a threaded or screw connection, whereby in the case of a threaded connection the end portion of the tubular segment is subjected to compression.
  6. Method of production of a hydraulic differential cylinder as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that in a first step a blank is formed with a tubular segment (4) and at least one end piece (5, 6) disposed on one end of this segment, that the inner face of this blank is made accessible for a tool by through an opening (8) provided in at least one end piece (5, 6), and that in a further step at least the region of the welded joint between the end piece and the tubular segment, in particular inside the tubular segment, is worked and smoothed by machining.
  7. Method as claimed in Claim 6, characterised in that in a first step and by any suitable shaping process a blank is formed with a rod-like segment and two end pieces (5. 6) provided at the ends of this segment, and that in a second step by machining, in particular by mechanical finishing by cutting, of at least one end piece (5, 6) an opening (8) is formed as well as a hollow space in the rod-lilce segment in order to form a hollow piston rod (2).
  8. Multi-member, column-like support arm for concrete spreader columns or the like, characterised in that the support arm has one or more hydraulic differential cylinders (1) as claimed in one of Claims I to 5.
EP01995711A 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Device with at least one extension arm or support arm for multi-linked crane shaped extension arms, concrete spreader columns and similar Expired - Lifetime EP1346157B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10064365 2000-12-22
DE10064365A DE10064365B4 (en) 2000-12-22 2000-12-22 Hydraulic Cylinder
PCT/EP2001/015222 WO2002052115A2 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Device with at least one extension arm or support arm for multi-linked crane shaped extension arms, concrete spreader columns and similar

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1346157A2 EP1346157A2 (en) 2003-09-24
EP1346157B1 true EP1346157B1 (en) 2008-12-10

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EP01995711A Expired - Lifetime EP1346157B1 (en) 2000-12-22 2001-12-21 Device with at least one extension arm or support arm for multi-linked crane shaped extension arms, concrete spreader columns and similar

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US7007590B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1346157B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4008815B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100618139B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1278051C (en)
AT (1) ATE417205T1 (en)
BR (1) BR0116784B1 (en)
DE (2) DE10064365B4 (en)
ES (1) ES2204359T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1056384A1 (en)
TR (1) TR200301826T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2002052115A2 (en)

Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019108451B3 (en) 2019-04-01 2020-07-02 Schwing Gmbh Piston rod unit, hydraulic cylinder and articulated mast
DE102019121884A1 (en) * 2019-08-14 2021-02-18 Schwing Gmbh Piston rod unit, hydraulic cylinder and articulated mast

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AT502871B1 (en) * 2005-11-17 2008-06-15 Schwing Gmbh F HYDRAULIKZYLINDER
DE102011018267A1 (en) * 2011-04-20 2012-10-25 Schwing Gmbh Apparatus and method for thick matter, in particular concrete conveying with rotation angle measurement
US20130305703A1 (en) * 2012-05-17 2013-11-21 Taylor Scott Amarel Integrated Heat and Stirling Engine
GB2535173A (en) * 2015-02-10 2016-08-17 Qtrco Inc Piston rod-piston assembly for use in an actuator
CN105621305B (en) * 2016-03-03 2018-09-28 郑州四维矿业机械有限责任公司 A kind of piston and the jack using the piston
CN105570261A (en) * 2016-03-14 2016-05-11 中船第九设计研究院工程有限公司 Detachable screw
DE102016007593A1 (en) * 2016-06-21 2017-12-21 Liebherr-Components Kirchdorf GmbH Method for producing a piston rod unit and piston rod unit
NL2020336B1 (en) * 2018-01-29 2019-08-02 Actuant Corp Piston and piston rod assembly manufacturing method.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019108451B3 (en) 2019-04-01 2020-07-02 Schwing Gmbh Piston rod unit, hydraulic cylinder and articulated mast
WO2020201289A2 (en) 2019-04-01 2020-10-08 Schwing Gmbh Piston rod unit, hydraulic cylinder and articulated mast
DE102019121884A1 (en) * 2019-08-14 2021-02-18 Schwing Gmbh Piston rod unit, hydraulic cylinder and articulated mast
WO2021028528A1 (en) 2019-08-14 2021-02-18 Schwing Gmbh Piston rod unit, hydraulic cylinder and articulated mast

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20030072367A (en) 2003-09-13
DE10064365B4 (en) 2010-12-16
JP2004524243A (en) 2004-08-12
WO2002052115A2 (en) 2002-07-04
BR0116784B1 (en) 2011-10-18
EP1346157A2 (en) 2003-09-24
ATE417205T1 (en) 2008-12-15
US7007590B2 (en) 2006-03-07
DE10064365A1 (en) 2002-07-04
CN1488041A (en) 2004-04-07
KR100618139B1 (en) 2006-08-31
BR0116784A (en) 2004-03-09
ES2204359T3 (en) 2009-05-05
TR200301826T3 (en) 2004-01-21
US20040151544A1 (en) 2004-08-05
HK1056384A1 (en) 2004-02-13
ES2204359T1 (en) 2004-05-01
WO2002052115A3 (en) 2002-12-12
JP4008815B2 (en) 2007-11-14
DE50114572D1 (en) 2009-01-22
CN1278051C (en) 2006-10-04

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