EP1344001A1 - Method and device for operating a multiple component technical system, particularly a combustion system for producing electrical energy - Google Patents
Method and device for operating a multiple component technical system, particularly a combustion system for producing electrical energyInfo
- Publication number
- EP1344001A1 EP1344001A1 EP01272002A EP01272002A EP1344001A1 EP 1344001 A1 EP1344001 A1 EP 1344001A1 EP 01272002 A EP01272002 A EP 01272002A EP 01272002 A EP01272002 A EP 01272002A EP 1344001 A1 EP1344001 A1 EP 1344001A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- components
- burners
- value
- component
- technical system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
- F23N1/002—Regulating fuel supply using electronic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
- F23N2223/08—Microprocessor; Microcomputer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2237/00—Controlling
- F23N2237/02—Controlling two or more burners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
Definitions
- Method and device for operating a technical system comprising several components, in particular a combustion system for generating electrical energy
- the invention relates to a method for operating a technical system, which comprises several components. It also relates to a device for operating such a system.
- the technical installation is preferably an incineration installation for generating electrical energy.
- Technical systems usually include several components, which e.g. either implement a specific function of the technical system or which jointly perform a specific function.
- An example of a technical system in which components with different functions interact is e.g. a power plant for generating electrical energy.
- a power plant for generating electrical energy.
- the interaction of numerous components with different tasks is necessary:
- the most important components here are e.g. the turbines, the generators, the protection systems and the control system. An efficient operation of such a technical system is only possible if the use of the components mentioned is coordinated.
- a control program would then have to contain associated control instructions for each of these possible operating states in order to approach the desired operating state. It is often not possible to record all possible operating states of a technical system in a control program beforehand, so that in some cases the operating personnel of the technical system have to manually operate the components of the technical system.
- An example of such a technical system is a combustion system for generating electrical energy, which comprises a plurality of burners arranged in a combustion chamber.
- the burners should be used in such a way that the fuel supplied is used as efficiently as possible in order to generate the required amount of electrical energy and to operate the system economically.
- careful operation of such a system is to be aimed for, which can be achieved, for example, by an even distribution of fire in the combustion chamber.
- linkage and step controls are used in many power plants, in which corresponding control commands are only provided for a subset of all possible operating states. Due to this deliberate restriction to defined operating cases, such controls are not very flexible and human intervention is still necessary for all those operating cases for which no control commands are provided in the controls. For example, the problem of an even distribution of fire in one To solve the combustion chamber of an incineration plant, solutions are also conceivable in which additional measuring devices are provided, for example for measuring the temperature profile in the combustion chamber, in order then to evaluate these measurements and thus to control the use of the burners.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and a device for operating a system comprising a plurality of components, in particular a combustion system for generating electrical energy, which overcome the disadvantages mentioned and enable the technical system to be operated as economically as possible.
- Each component that goes into or out of operation triggers an evaluation of at least one other component with a value number. 2. The value numbers of each component are added up.
- an important aspect of this method according to the invention is that the operating state of the components of a technical system is determined by a number of value numbers, each because they are assigned to a component.
- the value numbers can be decimal numbers, for example.
- a change in the operating state of the technical system due to components going into or out of operation results in a change in at least one value number of at least one component of the technical system.
- the entirety of the value numbers of all components at a certain time of operation thus describes the current operating state of the technical system.
- the totalized value numbers of each component express a priority with which the relevant components are to be switched on or off next in order to achieve a desired operating state.
- the method according to the invention is therefore a method in which the operating state of a technical system and changes in the operating state are expressed by a number of numbers, for example decimal numbers, which are further processed (sum formation) in order to determine the next operating state of the technical system therefrom.
- the components are advantageously of the same type.
- the evaluation of at least one other component with a value number in the event of changes in operating state is particularly simple, since the values of the value numbers with which the relevant components are evaluated do not depend on the function of one Component must be in itself, but only on the role of the component in question, which it plays in a certain operating state of the technical system with regard to the desired economic operation of the system.
- This training means that when determining the
- the switching on or off of components achieves a uniform, in particular symmetrical, spatial distribution of components in operation.
- actuators which exert forces on a raw material to be processed, on a positioning device or conveying devices or the like, then a uniform spatial distribution of those actuators which are just exerting a force in a certain operating state is advantageous since the load on the person concerned Substance or the device concerned is cheaper compared to an uneven load, for example as a result of internal stresses caused by force gradients, undesirable deformations, breaks or even destruction.
- the technical system is an incineration system with a number of burners, which are arranged, for example, along the inner wall of a combustion chamber, spatial distribution of burners in operation is particularly advantageous since this achieves a homogeneous temperature profile in the combustion chamber and the fuel supplied is used particularly efficiently and the system is operated economically and gently.
- those components which are each arranged practically at the same spatial distance from the component which is going into or out of operation are evaluated with the same value number.
- the above-mentioned evaluation is particularly advantageous, for example, if force is exerted on a raw material, a product or a device by the components of a system, since a uniform force action minimizes the risk to the raw material, the product or the device , Likewise, such an evaluation is advantageous in the above-mentioned incineration plant with a number of burners arranged in a combustion chamber, since here too, a uniform distribution of burners in operation is desired with regard to a uniform temperature profile in the combustion chamber and can be easily achieved in this way.
- a number of value numbers each assigned to a component can be stored in at least one computing unit, that the computing unit is trained when it goes into or out of operation triggering a component an evaluation of at least one other component with a value number and adding up the value numbers of each component and that the arithmetic unit is further trained to determine from the added value numbers those components which are to be switched on or off next.
- the components are advantageously of the same type.
- those components which are each arranged at the same spatial distance from the component going into or out of operation are evaluated with the same value number.
- FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment for the processing unit 35 according to FIG. 2.
- the device 9 comprises a computing unit 20 which is connected to the burners 1, 2, 3,... 8 via command lines 22 and sensor lines 24.
- the computing unit 20 receives the operating state values of the burners 1, 2, 3,... 8 via the sensor lines 24
- These operating state values contain e.g. Information about whether the respective burner is currently switched on or off.
- Each change in the operating state as a result of the burner 1, 2, 3,... 8 going into or out of operation triggers an evaluation, so that each burner is evaluated with a number of value numbers at each time of operation of the technical system, which is stored in the computing unit 20 get saved.
- the computing unit 20 contains a summation unit ⁇ , which adds up the currently assigned value numbers for each burner.
- the summed up values of each burner 1, 2, 3, ... 8 describe a priority for each burner with which a certain burner is to be switched on or off next.
- the arithmetic unit 20 also determines commands ZI, Z2, Z3, ... Z8 from these priorities, which are output to the burners 1, 2, 3, ..., 8. These commands can be, for example, switch-on or switch-off commands to the individual burners in order to continuously ensure economical operation of the technical system 10.
- 2 shows an example of the case in which burners 1 and 2 of the combustion system according to FIG. 1 have been switched on, the evaluation of other burners triggered thereby.
- the computing unit 20 receives from the burners 1 and 2 their operating state values S1 and S2, respectively, which in the present case carry at least the information that the burner 1 or 2 in question has been switched on.
- the operating state values S1 and S2 are switched to signal preprocessing stages VV1 and VV2 of the computing unit 20.
- the signal preprocessing stages take the information mentioned above from the operating state values S1 and S2 and, each connected to the exemplary operating state of burners 1 and 2, each assign an operating state number, for example the constant value 1.
- the operating state number of each burner is switched on the multiplier 30 assigned to the respective burner.
- These multipliers each receive at least one value number WZ1, WZ2 or WZ3 as a further input signal.
- the connected burner 1 triggers an evaluation of the other burners 2, 8, 3, 7, 4 and 6; the connected burner 2 triggers an evaluation of the other burners 1, 3, 4, 8, 5 and 7.
- the evaluation by the connected burner 1 takes place in the present exemplary embodiment in that the summers ⁇ 2, ⁇ 8, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 7, ⁇ 4 or ⁇ assigned to the other burners 2, 8, 3, 7, 4 and 6 are the output signals of the multipliers 30 as shown in FIG 2 received as input signals.
- Each of the summers ⁇ l, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ... ⁇ 8 sums up its associated input signals and transfers the respective sum value to downstream signal postprocessing stages NV1, NV2, NV3, ... NV8.
- ⁇ 8 can be post-processed by, for example, only switching the output of the summer upstream of the respective signal postprocessing stage to a processing unit 35 downstream of the signal processing stages if the the respective signal postprocessing stage or the burner assigned to the respective summer is not in operation; if the respective burner is already in operation, the signal post-processing stage in question can, for example, instead of the output value of the respective summer, transfer a value other than the current evaluation 40 to the processing unit. Rather, this value can be selected so that the processing unit 35 detects burners that are already in operation and thus prevents them from receiving a (useless) switch-on command as command ZI, Z2, Z3,... Z8.
- the main task of the processing unit 35 is to determine from the output signals of the signal postprocessing stages NV1, NV2, NV3, ... NV8 those burners which are to be switched on or off next using the commands ZI, Z2, Z3, ... Z8 , Whether the respective command ZI, Z2, Z3, ... Z8 is a switch-on or switch-off command depends on the next operating state from the current operating state of the technical system, for example in order to achieve economical plant operation. If the system is to be brought from a current operating state to an operating state which requires a higher combustion output, the processing unit 35 determines switch-on commands as commands ZI, Z2, Z3, ... Z8 for the burners in order to ensure economical operation of the system achieve, for example by switching on the burners that are connected in connection with the Ensure burners that have already been switched on ensure a homogeneous temperature profile in combustion chamber 15.
- the processing unit 35 determines shutdown commands as commands ZI, Z2, Z3,... Z8 for the burners, so that burners in operation are specifically switched off in this way that the remaining burners in operation ensure economic operation of the technical system, for example by generating a homogeneous temperature profile in the combustion chamber.
- the processing unit 35 is thus trained to specifically generate both switch-on and switch-off commands as commands ZI, Z2, Z3 ... Z8, depending on the requirements for a next operating state.
- Burners 1 and 2 are said to have been switched on. This is reported to the signal preprocessing stages VV1 and VV2 using the operating state values S1 and S2.
- the signal preprocessing stage VV1 generates the value one from the operating state value S1 of the burner 1 and switches this to three of the multipliers 30 according to FIG. 2.
- the multiplier 30a is used to evaluate the two burners 2 and 8 adjacent to the burner 1, the multiplier 30b or 30c of the evaluation of the burners 3 and 7 or 4 and 6.
- the burner 5 is not evaluated by the burner 1 or with the value number zero.
- the values supplied to these three multipliers 30a, 30b, 30c as multipliers WZ1, WZ2, WZ3 are the constant values six, three and one, respectively.
- multiplier 30a consequently supplies the value six and feeds it to summer ierer2 (which is assigned to burner 2) and to summer ⁇ 8 (which is assigned to burner 8).
- the output of the multiplier 30b supplies the value three, which is applied to the summers ⁇ 3 (which is assigned to the third burner) and ⁇ 7 (which is assigned to the seventh burner).
- the output of the third multiplier 30c supplies the value one, which is switched to the summer ⁇ 4 (which is assigned to the fourth burner) and to the summer ⁇ 6 (which is assigned to the sixth burner).
- the evaluation of the other burners triggered by the burner 2 is to be carried out in an analogous manner, so that the value six is applied to the summers ⁇ l and Drei3, the value three to the summers ⁇ 4 and ⁇ 8 and to the summers ⁇ 5 and ⁇ 7 the value one.
- the summers ⁇ l, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, ⁇ 5, ⁇ , ⁇ 7 and ⁇ 8 determine the values six, six,
- the processing unit 35 determines connection commands as commands ZI, Z2, Z3 ... Z8 for the burners in such a way that the burners in operation in the next operating state are one have uniform spatial distribution in the combustion chamber 15 in order to achieve a homogeneous temperature profile. Since the burners 1 and 2 are already in operation, the signal preprocessing stages VV1 and VV2 do not switch the outputs of the summers ⁇ l and ⁇ 2 to the processing unit 35, but rather, for example, the constant value thousand; the outputs of the remaining summers ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, ⁇ 5, ... ⁇ 8 are applied unchanged to the processing unit 35 by the subsequent signal postprocessing stages NV3, NV4, NV5, ... NV8.
- the processing unit 35 has eight input signals available to determine the burners to be switched on in the next step.
- the processing unit 35 can now determine the burners to be connected in the next step by determining the one or more minima of their input values and in the next step switching on the burners belonging to these minima; in the following example, this would mean that burners 5 and 6 are switched on in the next step. When burners 5 and 6 are switched on, burners 1, 2, 5 and 6 are in operation.
- FIG. 1 shows that the described connection of the burners 5 and 6 to the burners 1 and 2 that are already in operation ensures uniform firing of the combustion chamber 15, since the spatial burner arrangement according to FIG - At the point of the combustion chamber 15 opposing pairs of burners are operated, which leads to a uniform firing of the combustion chamber 15 and thus to an economical operation of the technical system.
- the principle of the evaluation shown in FIG. 2 can easily be generalized: one chooses a specific burner as the reference burner and defines a first one for this second and third pair of neighboring burners.
- the first pair of neighboring burners defined in this way is the pair of burners formed by burners 2 and 4
- the second pair of burners is the pair of burners formed by burners 5 and 1
- the third pair of neighboring burners is the pair of burners formed by burners 6 and 8.
- the burner 3 now goes into operation, it triggers, for example, an evaluation of the burners 2 and 4 with the value six, an evaluation of the burners 5 and 1 with the value three and an evaluation of the burners 6 and 8 with the value one. If another burner now goes into operation, it is selected as the reference burner and, analogously, a further first, a further second and a further third pair of neighboring burners are formed.
- FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment for the processing unit 35 from FIG. 2.
- the current evaluations 40 are connected to a selection module AB of the processing unit 35;
- an auxiliary value can also be applied, which is used, for example, by the selection module AB to also determine burners that are to be switched on or off when the evaluation of the current evaluations 40 e.g. as a result of a
- the current evaluations 40 are given in parallel to their connection to the selection module AB each as a threshold level 44 to a threshold value module SB.
- the selection module AB can now be configured, for example, as a minimum value module, which selects the minimum from the current evaluations 40 and outputs this as its output signal to the summer 42 as an input signal.
- the summer 42 combines the output of the selection module AB with a constant K to form a sum, which is simultaneously switched to the inputs of all threshold value modules SB. Because that too the threshold levels 44 associated with the respective threshold value modules differ in their values, the input signal is the same for all threshold value modules SB, only those threshold value modules deliver an output signal other than zero as commands ZI, Z2, Z3,... Z8, in which the constant K is increased Input signal exceeds the value of the associated threshold value.
- the selection module AB as a minimum value module can be used particularly advantageously when determining components of the technical system to be connected.
- the selection module AB is preferably designed as a maximum value module. This ensures that - if the evaluation is carried out similarly as described in FIG. 2 - those components are determined as components to be switched off in the next step which have the greatest value as current evaluations 40.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01272002A EP1344001B1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2001-12-12 | Method and device for operating a multiple component technical system, particularly a combustion system for producing electrical energy |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00128305A EP1217300A1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2000-12-22 | Process and apparatus for operating a technical system comprising plural components, in particular a combustion system of a power plant |
EP00128305 | 2000-12-22 | ||
PCT/EP2001/014601 WO2002052199A1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2001-12-12 | Method and device for operating a multiple component technical system, particularly a combustion system for producing electrical energy |
EP01272002A EP1344001B1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2001-12-12 | Method and device for operating a multiple component technical system, particularly a combustion system for producing electrical energy |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1344001A1 true EP1344001A1 (en) | 2003-09-17 |
EP1344001B1 EP1344001B1 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
Family
ID=8170780
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00128305A Withdrawn EP1217300A1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2000-12-22 | Process and apparatus for operating a technical system comprising plural components, in particular a combustion system of a power plant |
EP01272002A Expired - Lifetime EP1344001B1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2001-12-12 | Method and device for operating a multiple component technical system, particularly a combustion system for producing electrical energy |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00128305A Withdrawn EP1217300A1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2000-12-22 | Process and apparatus for operating a technical system comprising plural components, in particular a combustion system of a power plant |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7181321B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1217300A1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE377174T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE50113205D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2292531T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002052199A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10333671A1 (en) * | 2003-07-24 | 2005-08-04 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Method for reducing the NOx emissions of a burner assembly comprising several burners and burner arrangement for carrying out the method |
EP1510892A1 (en) * | 2003-08-13 | 2005-03-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Process and control system for operating a technical plant comprising plural components, in particular a combustion plant for production of electrical energy |
US7423412B2 (en) * | 2006-01-31 | 2008-09-09 | General Electric Company | Method, apparatus and computer program product for injecting current |
US7996422B2 (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2011-08-09 | At&T Intellectual Property L.L.P. | System and method for adaptive media playback based on destination |
US8990848B2 (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2015-03-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System and method for temporally adaptive media playback |
US9671797B2 (en) | 2009-05-08 | 2017-06-06 | Gas Turbine Efficiency Sweden Ab | Optimization of gas turbine combustion systems low load performance on simple cycle and heat recovery steam generator applications |
US8437941B2 (en) | 2009-05-08 | 2013-05-07 | Gas Turbine Efficiency Sweden Ab | Automated tuning of gas turbine combustion systems |
US9354618B2 (en) | 2009-05-08 | 2016-05-31 | Gas Turbine Efficiency Sweden Ab | Automated tuning of multiple fuel gas turbine combustion systems |
US9267443B2 (en) | 2009-05-08 | 2016-02-23 | Gas Turbine Efficiency Sweden Ab | Automated tuning of gas turbine combustion systems |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3932735A (en) * | 1970-08-24 | 1976-01-13 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Method of controlling supply of power |
US4536126A (en) * | 1970-12-18 | 1985-08-20 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | System and method employing a digital computer for automatically synchronizing a gas turbine or other electric power plant generator with a power system |
US3797988A (en) * | 1973-01-26 | 1974-03-19 | C Davidson | Boiler burner balancing counter control system |
US3939328A (en) * | 1973-11-06 | 1976-02-17 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Control system with adaptive process controllers especially adapted for electric power plant operation |
US4013877A (en) * | 1974-08-13 | 1977-03-22 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Combined cycle electric power plant with a steam turbine having an improved valve control system |
JPS61285314A (en) * | 1985-06-11 | 1986-12-16 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Controlling device for used number of burners |
JPH01102213A (en) * | 1987-10-16 | 1989-04-19 | Hitachi Ltd | Automatic control device for burner |
SE502292C2 (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 1995-10-02 | Kvaerner Enviropower Ab | Method for two-stage combustion of solid fuels in a circulating fluidized bed |
JP3189084B2 (en) * | 1995-02-07 | 2001-07-16 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Burner number control circuit and steam generator |
JP2725240B2 (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 1998-03-11 | ヒーロ株式会社 | Digital fluid fuel supply control system and device for heating device such as boiler |
US6381504B1 (en) * | 1996-05-06 | 2002-04-30 | Pavilion Technologies, Inc. | Method for optimizing a plant with multiple inputs |
AU2001278923A1 (en) * | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-30 | Nxegen | System and method for monitoring and controlling energy usage |
US6775645B2 (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2004-08-10 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Application of symbol sequence analysis and temporal irreversibility to monitoring and controlling boiler flames |
-
2000
- 2000-12-22 EP EP00128305A patent/EP1217300A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-12-12 DE DE50113205T patent/DE50113205D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-12 US US10/451,237 patent/US7181321B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-12-12 EP EP01272002A patent/EP1344001B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-12 ES ES01272002T patent/ES2292531T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-12-12 WO PCT/EP2001/014601 patent/WO2002052199A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-12-12 AT AT01272002T patent/ATE377174T1/en active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO02052199A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2002052199A1 (en) | 2002-07-04 |
US7181321B2 (en) | 2007-02-20 |
EP1217300A1 (en) | 2002-06-26 |
US20040161715A1 (en) | 2004-08-19 |
ATE377174T1 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
EP1344001B1 (en) | 2007-10-31 |
DE50113205D1 (en) | 2007-12-13 |
ES2292531T3 (en) | 2008-03-16 |
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