EP1340010B1 - Flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine - Google Patents

Flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1340010B1
EP1340010B1 EP01990473A EP01990473A EP1340010B1 EP 1340010 B1 EP1340010 B1 EP 1340010B1 EP 01990473 A EP01990473 A EP 01990473A EP 01990473 A EP01990473 A EP 01990473A EP 1340010 B1 EP1340010 B1 EP 1340010B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bead
metal sheet
piston engine
reciprocating piston
flat seal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01990473A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1340010B2 (en
EP1340010A1 (en
Inventor
Christoph Hilgert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carl Freudenberg KG
Original Assignee
Carl Freudenberg KG
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Application filed by Carl Freudenberg KG filed Critical Carl Freudenberg KG
Publication of EP1340010A1 publication Critical patent/EP1340010A1/en
Publication of EP1340010B1 publication Critical patent/EP1340010B1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/02Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/08Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
    • F16J15/0818Flat gaskets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/02Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/10Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
    • F16J15/12Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
    • F16J15/121Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering with metal reinforcement
    • F16J15/122Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering with metal reinforcement generally parallel to the surfaces
    • F16J15/123Details relating to the edges of the packing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/02Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/08Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
    • F16J15/0818Flat gaskets
    • F16J2015/0843Flat gaskets with an edge portion folded over the plate itself
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/02Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/08Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
    • F16J15/0818Flat gaskets
    • F16J2015/085Flat gaskets without fold over
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/02Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/08Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
    • F16J15/0818Flat gaskets
    • F16J2015/0856Flat gaskets with a non-metallic coating or strip
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/02Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/08Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with exclusively metal packing
    • F16J15/0818Flat gaskets
    • F16J2015/0875Flat gaskets comprising welds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flat gasket for a piston power or working machine, consisting of at least two stacked sheets a thickness of 0.05 - 0.5 mm, at least on the outward-facing Side are provided with a coating of an elastomeric film, the one through the outer contour and / or by at least one cylinder bore and / or a water or.
  • Formed oil passage of the cylinder head Has edge region, to the at least one circumferential, in itself closed cavity adjacent.
  • Flat gaskets for piston power or working machines are in different Embodiments known, for example from DE 195 31 232, DE 42 05 824, DE 195 39 245.
  • cylinder head gaskets are used
  • the parting line between the cylinder head and the Seal cylinder block In practice, they usually consist of one or more a plurality of laminated sheet metal plates connected to a laminate and have a or a plurality of combustion chamber passage openings and one or more Fluid passage openings, the latter of which is the passage of cooling water and / or allow lubricating oil between the cylinder head and cylinder block.
  • Common cylinder head gaskets often surround a full bead in an edge region sealing the combustion chamber through holes.
  • the Sealing of the liquid passage openings is often done by a bead, which encloses the opening in an edge region.
  • the Cylinder head gasket is the cylinder head and the engine block through the Preload force of the cylinder screws compressed.
  • the beads of the between lying flat gasket are supported against the adjacent Sealing surfaces of the cylinder head or engine block.
  • the combustion chamber through holes and in the area of the cylinder head bolts prevail the largest specific surface pressures.
  • stopper surround the combustion chamber passages and act as deformation limiter.
  • the seal is in operation of the engine exposed to dynamic loads.
  • the distance between the sealing surfaces is not constant in time and place.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a flat gasket with improved sealing effect, high elastic resilience, low production costs and long service life.
  • the the cavity enclosing, flexible, tubular enclosure fits the unavoidable distortion when clamping.
  • the sealing contact with the Sealing surfaces of the cylinder block or the engine block is not even then lost when the engine is operated due to the ignition pressure cylinder head and cylinder block both vertical and horizontal relative movements To run.
  • the trapped in the cavity hydraulic medium causes an equalization of the sealing pressure over the circumference of sealed opening.
  • the elastically yielding behavior of hose-shaped enclosure improves the operating state of the machine Sealing effect and increases the service life of the flat gasket.
  • the sheet in the edge region to form the cavity on itself to recurse and adjoin the cavity adjacent to itself connect.
  • This connection can be one, for example by electron beam welding be produced, circumferential weld joint.
  • These Ring weld connects the bent by 180 ° sheet edge with the Sheet metal itself and seals the hollows on the outside.
  • the in the sealing gap inside, to the combustion chamber facing sheet of the sheet is continuous educated.
  • the circumferential bead-like thickening forms a Surround a combustion chamber and serves as a flame and at the same time as Deformation.
  • hydraulic media are all those Materials that equalize the sealing pressure over the Contribute the circumference of the opening to be sealed.
  • the mechanical properties of the Cavities enclosing sheets are not caused by chemical reactions between the hydraulic medium and the metal of the sheet impaired.
  • the cavity is characterized by at least one bead of the sheet and enclosing the bead bridging second sheet, wherein the two sheets are connected to the bead adjacent insoluble.
  • two stacked sheets are provided, one of which is in the edge region of an opening has circumferential bead. The other of these sheets bridges this Bead.
  • the inseparable connection of the two sheets adjacent to the bead prevents one, seen in the cross-sectional direction, horizontal Evasive movement of the bead base during pressing.
  • the distance between the The beading supporting thighs at the base of the bead will be so in spite of the Pressing force in the sealing gap substantially maintained. Consequence of that is a high elastic resilience of the bead. This Resilience ensures that the contact between gasket and the sealing surfaces of the engine block or cylinder head, the actual Sealing effect causes, even with relatively large sealing gap movements is maintained
  • the cavity is completely filled with a hydraulic fluid is filled and the two sheets are connected liquid-tight.
  • a high spring stiffness can be achieved.
  • the second sheet in the area of the bead a second bead has, which may be designed differently from the first bead.
  • the gasket in terms of Friction behavior of the different materials of cylinder head and Cylinder block can be adjusted very well.
  • the bead profile have different shapes, for example, U-shaped or triangular be.
  • the sealing contact area of the flat gasket with the sealing surfaces of Cylinder head and cylinder block can thus be designed so that as well after a long period of use, these sealing surfaces not through burial to be damaged.
  • the sheets can be the same or different Materials, for example, made of different thickness spring steel sheet be. Of course, it is also conceivable that other materials be used, such as, for example, instead of the metal sheet plastics.
  • the seal in the sealing area with a be coated elastomeric layer can For example, be a rubber layer by spraying or pouring is applied to the main sealing surfaces of the sheets. By the press forces in the sealing gap, this rubber layer in roughness depths of the respective Pressed sealing surfaces, which achieves a micro-seal.
  • first sheet and the second sheet third sheet is arranged and this third sheet in the connection between the first and the second sheet is included, wherein the both sides of the third sheet existing cavities together in hydraulic connection stand.
  • This hydraulic connection can for example by a Flow opening may be formed in the third plate.
  • the third sheet in the region of the first and the second bead a third bead of a differently shaped profile having.
  • this third bead can be in Wide limits specify the elastic resilience of the gasket.
  • the hydraulic connection between the cavities becomes a Bulging of the enclosed between the two outer sheets third sheet avoided.
  • the gasket can be attached to the different ones Materials of cylinder head or cylinder block by the in cross section different trained beads are very well adapted.
  • a round one Cross section or a composite of several partial beads bead increases the specific surface pressures with the adjacent ones Sealing surface. Due to the enlarged contact surface with the sealing surface of the Cylinder head burials are avoided. This is especially true advantageous if the cylinder head is made of a light metal alloy.
  • the flat gasket according to the invention is partially in plan view cut representation shown in Figure 1.
  • the flat gasket 20 covers the Sealing surfaces of an engine block or cylinder head which cylinder bores 10 and liquid passage openings 11 has.
  • Each of these openings 11, 10 is in an edge region 9 by a ring Anlagenden, of a Sheet metal bound cavity enclosed.
  • the outer contour of the Flat gasket can be provided with such a circumferential cavity. Decide in each case that the cavity completely with a hydraulic Medium is filled, so that with dynamic sealing gap movement the medium Dodge in the circumferential direction and different pressure forces can level.
  • the cavity is by itself bounded back folded sheet edge.
  • Figure 2 is a section of a section through an embodiment not claimed the flat seal shown.
  • the one passage opening enclosing edge of a sheet 1 is thereby flanged, that a closed cavity 2 is formed.
  • This cavity 2 is completely filled with a hydraulic medium 6.
  • hydraulic Medium are all those substances suitable to equalize the Create sealing surface pressure.
  • the medium must be in the operation of Machine in the tubular enclosure to circulate as possible Equal large surface pressures between flat gasket and the respective sealing surface is maintained.
  • the hydraulic medium can for example, be a hydraulic fluid. But it is also conceivable that for the fuel gas seal, a solder is used, which in Operating conditions becomes fluid.
  • polymers Materials such as thermoplastic, rubber or silicone. For one Flat gasket, different substances can be used.
  • the Jenkinsgebördelte sheet edge connected to the plate itself by a permanent connection 14.
  • These Compound 14 may be by electron beam welding, for example be made liquid-tight and at low cost.
  • Of the Sealing region of the seal is coated with an elastomer layer 13.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment according to the invention as a detail a section of the gasket.
  • the cavity 2 is formed by the bead 3 of a sheet 1, which of a second plate 4 is covered. Both plates 1, 4 are on both sides of the bead 3 unsolvable by a connection 14 connected.
  • the sheets can be 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm thick be. For micro-sealing both sheets 1, 4 with an elastomeric layer 13 coated.
  • the sheet 4 may be planar or as in FIG. 4 shown having a bead 3 opposite bead. The The resilience of the flat gasket can be optimally adjusted.
  • FIG. 7 Another, unclaimed embodiment is shown in FIG. Here too is the passage opening delimiting cavity 2 by the on itself itself rebaked edge of the sheet 1 formed.
  • the bent back But edge is not welded, but is due to the bias of the Cylinder head bolts between two beads of active layers 17 and 18 pressed. Between the layers 17 and 18 is adjacent to the back-crimped edge an intermediate layer 19 is arranged.
  • the im Cavity trapped hydraulic medium 6 can be a plastic deformable polymeric material, for example a thermoplastic, rubber or Be silicone.
  • the layers 17 and 18 close the cavity 2 sandwiched.
  • the gasket can do so too be constructed so that only one of the active layer 17 or 18 is present.
  • To surface defects, such as porosity or voids at the Cylinder block or engine block sealing surface can compensate the inventive flat gasket on the outside also cover layers.

Abstract

A flat gasket for a reciprocating engine or a driven machine including at least one metal sheet 0.05 to 0.5 mm thick which is provided with a coating of an elastomer film at least on the sides facing outward in at least one sealing area and has an edge area, formed by the outer contour and/or at least one cylinder bore and/or a water and/or oil passage in the cylinder head, adjacent to at least one peripheral self-contained cavity, and the cavity is filled completely with a hydraulic medium.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical area

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Flachdichtung für eine Kolbenkraft- oder Arbeitsmaschine, bestehend aus zumindest zwei aufeinander geschichteten Blechen einer Dicke von 0,05 - 0,5 mm, die zumindest auf der nach außen weisenden Seite mit einer Beschichtung aus einem elastomeren Film versehen sind, die einen durch die Außenkontur und/oder durch zumindest eine Zylinderbohrung und/oder einen Wasser- oder. Öldurchlass des Zylinderkopfes gebildeten Randbereich aufweist, an den zumindest ein umlaufender, in sich geschlossener Hohlraum angrenzt.The invention relates to a flat gasket for a piston power or working machine, consisting of at least two stacked sheets a thickness of 0.05 - 0.5 mm, at least on the outward-facing Side are provided with a coating of an elastomeric film, the one through the outer contour and / or by at least one cylinder bore and / or a water or. Formed oil passage of the cylinder head Has edge region, to the at least one circumferential, in itself closed cavity adjacent.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Flachdichtungen für Kolbenkraft- oder Arbeitsmaschinen sind in verschiedenen Ausführungsformen bekannt, beispielsweise aus DE 195 31 232, DE 42 05 824, DE 195 39 245. Bei Nutzfahrzeugmotoren dienen derartige Zylinderkopfdichtungen dazu, die Trennfuge zwischen dem Zylinderkopf und dem Zylinderblock abzudichten. Sie bestehen in der Praxis meist aus einer oder mehreren zu einem Laminat verbundenen Metallblechplatten und besitzen eine oder mehrere Brennraumdurchgangsöffnungen sowie eine oder mehrere Flüssigkeitsdurchlassöffnungen, wovon letztere den Durchgang von Kühlwasser und/oder Schmieröl zwischen Zylinderkopf und Zylinderblock ermöglichen. Bei gebräuchlichen Zylinderkopfdichtungen umschließt häufig eine Vollsicke in einem Randbereich dichtend die Brennraumdurchgangsöffnungen. Auch die Abdichtung der Flüssigkeitsdurchgangsöffnungen erfolgt oft durch eine Sicke, welche in einem Randbereich die Öffnung umschließt. Beim Einbau der Zylinderkopfdichtung werden der Zylinderkopf und der Motorblock durch die Vorspannkraft der Zylinderschrauben zusammengedrückt. Die Sicken der dazwischen liegenden Flachdichtung stützen sich gegen die benachbarten Dichtflächen des Zylinderkopfs bzw. Motorblocks. Unmittelbar im Randbereich der Brennraumdurchgangsöffnungen und im Bereich der Zylinderkopfschrauben herrschen die größten spezifischen Flächenpressungen. Sogenannte Stopper umschließen die Brennraumdurchgänge und wirken als Verformungsbegrenzer. Neben dieser statischen Pressung ist die Dichtung im Betrieb des Motors dynamischen Belastungen ausgesetzt. Der Abstand zwischen den Dichtflächen ist zeitlich und örtlich nicht konstant. Angeregt durch die periodischen Explosionen im Verbrennungsraum kommt es zu vertikalen und horizontalen Relativbewegungen des Zylinderkopfs gegenüber dem Zylinderblock. Die Amplitude dieser Dichtspaltbewegungen ist umso größer, je größer der Abstand der betrachteten Stelle von den Zylinderkopfschrauben ist. Ein zeitlich stationärer Zustand lässt sich im Dichtspalt weder bei der Brennraum- noch bei der Flüssigkeitsabdichtung erreichen. Für eine dauerhafte und einwandfreie Abdichtung muss die Dichtung diesen Relativbewegungen möglichst lange durch ein elastisch nachgiebiges Verhalten folgen können. Dabei darf die Flachdichtung den dichtenden elastischen Kontakt mit den Dichtflächen des Zylinderblocks bzw. des Motorblocks nicht verlieren. Die Funktionsdauer dieses elastischen Rückfederungsvermögens begrenzt im Wesentlichen die Lebensdauer der Dichtung. Nach einer bestimmten Lastwechselzahl verringern sich die Federungseigenschaften der Flachdichtung. Am Ende der Gebrauchsdauer kommt es zu Undichtigkeiten bei der Abdichtung der Brennräume bzw. der Flüssigkeitsdurchtrittsöffnungen.Flat gaskets for piston power or working machines are in different Embodiments known, for example from DE 195 31 232, DE 42 05 824, DE 195 39 245. In commercial vehicle engines such cylinder head gaskets are used In addition, the parting line between the cylinder head and the Seal cylinder block. In practice, they usually consist of one or more a plurality of laminated sheet metal plates connected to a laminate and have a or a plurality of combustion chamber passage openings and one or more Fluid passage openings, the latter of which is the passage of cooling water and / or allow lubricating oil between the cylinder head and cylinder block. at Common cylinder head gaskets often surround a full bead in an edge region sealing the combustion chamber through holes. Also the Sealing of the liquid passage openings is often done by a bead, which encloses the opening in an edge region. When installing the Cylinder head gasket is the cylinder head and the engine block through the Preload force of the cylinder screws compressed. The beads of the between lying flat gasket are supported against the adjacent Sealing surfaces of the cylinder head or engine block. Immediately in the edge area the combustion chamber through holes and in the area of the cylinder head bolts prevail the largest specific surface pressures. So-called stopper surround the combustion chamber passages and act as deformation limiter. In addition to this static pressure, the seal is in operation of the engine exposed to dynamic loads. The distance between the sealing surfaces is not constant in time and place. Inspired by the periodic Explosions in the combustion chamber occur to vertical and horizontal Relative movements of the cylinder head relative to the cylinder block. The Amplitude of these sealing gap movements is greater, the greater the distance the considered place is from the cylinder head bolts. One in time steady state can be in the sealing gap neither at the combustion chamber nor at reach the liquid seal. For a lasting and impeccable Sealing, the seal must these relative movements as long as possible can follow through an elastically yielding behavior. The may Flat seal the sealing elastic contact with the sealing surfaces of the Do not lose cylinder block or engine block. The working life of this elastic resilience essentially limits the Life of the seal. Reduce after a certain number of load cycles the spring characteristics of the gasket. At the end of the service life it comes to leaks in the sealing of the combustion chambers or the liquid passage openings.

Aus der DE 31 34 015 A1 ist eine Zylinderkopfdichtung bekannt, bei welcher ein mit einem Lack oder mit einer Kunststoffschicht beschichtetes Blech im Bereich des Rands einer Brennraumdurchgangsöffnung unter Bildung eines ringförmigen Kanals mit überall vollständig geschlossenem Kanalhohlraum auf sich selbst zurück gebogen worden ist.From DE 31 34 015 A1 discloses a cylinder head gasket is known in which a with a paint or with a plastic layer coated sheet in the area the edge of a combustion chamber passage opening to form a annular channel with everywhere completely closed channel cavity on has been bent back.

Aus der US 5,370,406 ist eine zweilagige Metall-Zylinderkopfdichtung bekannt, Jede der beiden Lagen weist dabei korrespondierende Sicken auf, welche unterschiedliche Federkonstanten aufweisen. Dies wird durch die unterschiedliche Gestaltung der beiden einander gegenüber liegenden Sicken erreicht. From US 5,370,406 a two-layer metal cylinder head gasket is known Each of the two layers has corresponding beads, which have different spring constants. This is done by the different design of the two mutually opposite beads reached.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Flachdichtung mit verbesserter Dichtwirkung, hohem elastischem Rückfedervermögen, geringen Herstellungskosten und langer Betriebsdauer anzugeben.The object of the invention is to provide a flat gasket with improved sealing effect, high elastic resilience, low production costs and long service life.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei einer Flachdichtung der eingangs genannten Art mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 gelöst. Auf vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen nehmen die Unteransprüche Bezug.This object is achieved with a flat gasket of the initially mentioned type solved with the characterizing features of claim 1. In advantageous embodiments, the dependent claims relate.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Brennraumdurchgangsöffnung bzw. der Flüssigkeitsdurchlass oder die Außenkontur in einem angrenzenden Randbereich durch einen geschlossen umlaufenden Hohlraum der Dichtung umgrenzt wird, der vollständig mit einem hydraulischen Medium gefüllt ist. Durch die Einspannkraft der Zylinderkopfschrauben wird die Flachdichtung zwischen Zylinderkopf und Zylinderblock gepresst, wodurch sich im Hohlraum ein konstanter hydrostatischer Druck ausbildet. Die den Hohlraum umschließende, flexible, schlauchförmige Einfassung passt sich dabei den unvermeidlichen Verzügen beim Einspannen an. Der dichtende Kontakt mit den Dichtflächen des Zylinderblocks bzw. des Motorblocks geht auch dann nicht verloren, wenn bei Betreib der Maschine infolge des Zünddrucks Zylinderkopf und Zylinderblock sowohl vertikale wie auch horizontale Relativbewegungen ausführen. Das im Hohlraum eingeschlossene hydraulische Medium bewirkt eine Vergleichmäßigung der Dichtpressung über den Umfang der abzudichtenden Öffnung. Das elastisch nachgebende Verhalten der schlauchförrnigen Einfassung verbessert im Betriebszustand der Maschine die Dichtwirkung und erhöht die Lebensdauer der Flachdichtung.According to the invention it is provided that the combustion chamber passage opening or the fluid passage or the outer contour in an adjacent Edge area by a closed circumferential cavity of the seal bounded, which is completely filled with a hydraulic medium. Due to the clamping force of the cylinder head bolts, the flat gasket pressed between the cylinder head and cylinder block, resulting in the cavity a constant hydrostatic pressure is formed. The the cavity enclosing, flexible, tubular enclosure fits the unavoidable distortion when clamping. The sealing contact with the Sealing surfaces of the cylinder block or the engine block is not even then lost when the engine is operated due to the ignition pressure cylinder head and cylinder block both vertical and horizontal relative movements To run. The trapped in the cavity hydraulic medium causes an equalization of the sealing pressure over the circumference of sealed opening. The elastically yielding behavior of hose-shaped enclosure improves the operating state of the machine Sealing effect and increases the service life of the flat gasket.

Hinsichtlich der Herstellung und der Dauerhaltbarkeit der Dichtung ist es günstig, das Blech im Randbereich unter Bildung des Hohlraums auf sich selbst zurückzubördeln und an den Hohlraum angrenzend mit sich selbst zu verbinden. Diese Verbindung kann eine, beispielsweise durch Elektronenstrahlschweißen hergestellte, umlaufende Schweißverbindung sein. Diese Ringschweißnaht verbindet den um 180° umgebogenen Blechrand mit dem Blech selbst und dichtet den Holraum außenseitig ab. Der im Dichtspalt innenseitige, zur Brennkammer gewandte Bogen des Bleches ist durchgängig ausgebildet. Die ringsumflaufende wulstförmige Verdickung bildet eine Einfassung einer Brennkammer und dient als Flammen- und gleichzeitig als Verformungsbegrenzer. Als hydraulische Medien eignen sich all jene Materialien, die zu einer Vergleichmäßigung der Dichtpressung über den Umfang der zu dichtenden Öffnung beitragen. Darunter fallen auch Materialien, wie beispielsweise ein Lot, das bei Betriebstemperatur flüssig wird, oder auch plastisch und/oder elastisch verformbare polymere Werkstoffe. Hierbei besonders bevorzugt ist, wenn der polymere Werkstoff durch einen Thermoplast, durch Gummi oder durch Silikon gebildet ist. Diese Werkstoffe sind chemisch reaktionsträge. Die mechanischen Eigenschaften des den Hohlraum umschließenden Bleches werden nicht durch chemische Reaktionen zwischen dem hydraulischen Medium und dem Metall des Bleches beeinträchtigt.With regard to the manufacture and the durability of the seal it is favorable, the sheet in the edge region to form the cavity on itself to recurse and adjoin the cavity adjacent to itself connect. This connection can be one, for example by electron beam welding be produced, circumferential weld joint. These Ring weld connects the bent by 180 ° sheet edge with the Sheet metal itself and seals the hollows on the outside. The in the sealing gap inside, to the combustion chamber facing sheet of the sheet is continuous educated. The circumferential bead-like thickening forms a Surround a combustion chamber and serves as a flame and at the same time as Deformation. As hydraulic media are all those Materials that equalize the sealing pressure over the Contribute the circumference of the opening to be sealed. This includes materials, such as a solder, which becomes liquid at the operating temperature, or else plastically and / or elastically deformable polymeric materials. in this connection is particularly preferred when the polymeric material by a Thermoplastic, formed by rubber or by silicone. These materials are chemically inert. The mechanical properties of the Cavities enclosing sheets are not caused by chemical reactions between the hydraulic medium and the metal of the sheet impaired.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist der Hohlraum durch zumindest eine Sicke des Bleches und ein die Sicke überbrückendes zweites Blech umschlossen, wobei die beiden Bleche an die Sicke angrenzend unlösbar miteinander verbunden sind. Bei dieser Konstruktion sind also zwei aufeinander geschichtete Bleche vorgesehen, von denen das eine im Randbereich einer Öffnung eine ringsumlaufende Sicke aufweist. Das andere dieser Bleche überbrückt diese Sicke. Die an die Sicke angrenzende unlösbare Verbindung der beiden Bleche verhindert eine, in Querschnittrichtung gesehene, horizontale Ausweichbewegung der Sickenbasis bei Pressung. Der Abstand zwischen den die Sicke stützenden Schenkeln an der Sickenbasis wird also trotz der Presskraft im Dichtspalt im Wesentlichen aufrecht erhalten. Folge davon ist eine hohe elastische Rückfedervermögen der Sicke. Dieses Rückfedervermögen gewährleistet, dass der Kontakt zwischen Flachdichtung und den Dichtflächen des Motorblocks bzw. Zylinderkopfs, der den eigentlichen Abdichteffekt bewirkt, auch bei relativ großen Dichtspaltbewegungen aufrechterhalten bleibtAccording to the invention, the cavity is characterized by at least one bead of the sheet and enclosing the bead bridging second sheet, wherein the two sheets are connected to the bead adjacent insoluble. In this construction, therefore, two stacked sheets are provided, one of which is in the edge region of an opening has circumferential bead. The other of these sheets bridges this Bead. The inseparable connection of the two sheets adjacent to the bead prevents one, seen in the cross-sectional direction, horizontal Evasive movement of the bead base during pressing. The distance between the The beading supporting thighs at the base of the bead will be so in spite of the Pressing force in the sealing gap substantially maintained. Consequence of that is a high elastic resilience of the bead. This Resilience ensures that the contact between gasket and the sealing surfaces of the engine block or cylinder head, the actual Sealing effect causes, even with relatively large sealing gap movements is maintained

Von Vorteil ist, wenn der Hohlraum vollständig mit einer hydraulischen Flüssigkeit gefüllt ist und die beiden Bleche flüssigkeitsdicht verbunden sind. Je nach Ausführung der Sicke kann eine hohe Federsteifigkeit erreicht werden. Hierbei ist von Vorteil, wenn das zweite Blech im Bereich der Sicke eine zweite Sicke aufweist, welche abweichend von der ersten Sicke gestaltet sein kann. Durch die unterschiedlich gestalteten Sicken kann die Flachdichtung hinsichtlich des Reibungsverhaltens der unterschiedlichen Werkstoffe von Zylinderkopf und Zylinderblock sehr gut angepasst werden. Im Querschnitt kann das Sickenprofil verschiedene Formen aufweisen, beispielsweise U-förmig oder dreieckförmig sein. Der dichtende Kontaktbereich der Flachdichtung mit den Dichtflächen von Zylinderkopf und Zylinderblock kann dadurch so gestaltet werden, dass auch nach einer langen Betriebsdauer diese Dichtflächen nicht durch Eingrabungen beschädigt werden. Die Bleche können aus gleichen oder unterschiedlichen Materialien, beispielsweise aus unterschiedlich dickem Federstahlblech, gefertigt sein. Selbstverständlich ist auch vorstellbar, dass andere Materialien verwendet werden, wie beispielsweise anstelle des Metallblechs Kunststoffe. In an sich bekannter Weise kann die Dichtung im Abdichtungsbereich mit einer elastomeren Schicht beschichtet sein. Dieser elastomere Film kann beispielsweise eine Gummischicht sein, die durch Aufsprühen oder Aufgießen auf die Hauptdichtflächen der Bleche aufgetragen wird. Durch die Presskräfte im Dichtspalt wird diese Gummischicht in Rauhtiefen der jeweiligen Dichtflächen eingepresst, wodurch man eine Mikroabdichtung erzielt.It is advantageous if the cavity is completely filled with a hydraulic fluid is filled and the two sheets are connected liquid-tight. Depending on Execution of the bead, a high spring stiffness can be achieved. in this connection is advantageous if the second sheet in the area of the bead a second bead has, which may be designed differently from the first bead. By the differently shaped beads, the gasket in terms of Friction behavior of the different materials of cylinder head and Cylinder block can be adjusted very well. In cross section, the bead profile have different shapes, for example, U-shaped or triangular be. The sealing contact area of the flat gasket with the sealing surfaces of Cylinder head and cylinder block can thus be designed so that as well after a long period of use, these sealing surfaces not through burial to be damaged. The sheets can be the same or different Materials, for example, made of different thickness spring steel sheet be. Of course, it is also conceivable that other materials be used, such as, for example, instead of the metal sheet plastics. In In a known manner, the seal in the sealing area with a be coated elastomeric layer. This elastomeric film can For example, be a rubber layer by spraying or pouring is applied to the main sealing surfaces of the sheets. By the press forces in the sealing gap, this rubber layer in roughness depths of the respective Pressed sealing surfaces, which achieves a micro-seal.

Bevorzugt ist, wenn zwischen dem ersten Blech und dem zweiten Blech ein drittes Blech angeordnet ist und dieses dritte Blech in die Verbindung zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Blech einbezogen ist, wobei die beidseits des dritten Blechs vorhandenen Hohlräume miteinander in hydraulischer Verbindung stehen. Diese hydraulische Verbindung kann beispielsweise durch eine Durchströmöffnung im dritten Blech gebildet sein. Man erzielt durch diese Ausführungsform eine Flachdichtung mit hoher Steifigkeit, die auch bei großen Relativbewegungen des Zylinderkopfs gegenüber dem Motorblock den dichtenden Kontakt aufrecht erhält.It is preferable if between the first sheet and the second sheet third sheet is arranged and this third sheet in the connection between the first and the second sheet is included, wherein the both sides of the third sheet existing cavities together in hydraulic connection stand. This hydraulic connection can for example by a Flow opening may be formed in the third plate. You get through this Embodiment of a flat gasket with high rigidity, even with large Relative movements of the cylinder head relative to the engine block maintains sealing contact.

Hierbei ist besonders bevorzugt, wenn das dritte Blech im Bereich der ersten und der zweiten Sicke eine dritte Sicke eines abweichend gestalteten Profils aufweist. Je nach Form und Ausgestaltung dieser dritten Sicke lässt sich in weiten Grenzen das elastische Rückfedervermögen der Flachdichtung vorgeben. Durch die hydraulische Verbindung zwischen den Hohlräumen wird eine Ausbauchung des zwischen den beiden äußeren Blechen eingeschlossenen dritten Bleches vermieden. Die Flachdichtung kann an die unterschiedlichen Werkstoffe von Zylinderkopf bzw. Zylinderblock durch die im Querschnitt verschieden ausgebildeten Sicken sehr gut angepasst werden. Ein runder Querschnitt bzw. eine aus mehreren Teilsicken zusammengesetzte Sicke vergrößert die spezifischen Flächenpressungen mit der anliegenden Dichtfläche. Durch die vergrößerte Kontaktfläche mit der Dichtfläche des Zylinderkopfs werden Eingrabungen vermieden. Dies ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn der Zylinderkopf aus einer Leichtmetall-Legierung besteht.It is particularly preferred if the third sheet in the region of the first and the second bead a third bead of a differently shaped profile having. Depending on the shape and design of this third bead can be in Wide limits specify the elastic resilience of the gasket. The hydraulic connection between the cavities becomes a Bulging of the enclosed between the two outer sheets third sheet avoided. The gasket can be attached to the different ones Materials of cylinder head or cylinder block by the in cross section different trained beads are very well adapted. A round one Cross section or a composite of several partial beads bead increases the specific surface pressures with the adjacent ones Sealing surface. Due to the enlarged contact surface with the sealing surface of the Cylinder head burials are avoided. This is especially true advantageous if the cylinder head is made of a light metal alloy.

Kurzbeschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird auf die Zeichnungen Bezug genommen, in deren Figuren verschiedene Ausführungsformen gemäß der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt sind. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine teilweise geschnittene Draufsicht auf die erfindungsgemäße Flachdichtung,
Fig. 2 und 7
Nicht beanspruchte Ausführungsformen zur Erläuterung der Erfindung,
Fig. 3 bis Fig. 6
Ausschnitte aus Schnitten durch bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der erfindungsgemäßen Flachdichtung.
To further explain the invention reference is made to the drawings, in the figures, various embodiments are shown schematically according to the invention. Show it:
Fig. 1
a partially sectioned plan view of the flat gasket according to the invention,
FIGS. 2 and 7
Non-claimed embodiments for explaining the invention,
Fig. 3 to Fig. 6
Cut-outs from sections through preferred embodiments of the flat gasket according to the invention.

Ausführung der ErfindungEmbodiment of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Flachdichtung ist in einer Draufsicht in teilweise geschnittener Darstellung in Figur 1 gezeigt. Die Flachdichtung 20 bedeckt die Dichtflächen eines Motorblocks bzw. Zylinderkopfes welcher Zylinderbohrungen 10 und Flüssigkeitsdurchfassöffnungen 11 aufweist. Jede dieser Öffnungen 11, 10 wird in einem Randbereich 9 durch einen ringsumlaufenden, von einem Blech begrenzen Hohlraum umschlossen. Auch die Außenkontur der Flachdichtung kann mit einem solchen umlaufenden Hohlraum versehen sein. Entscheiden ist jeweils, dass der Hohlraum vollständig mit einem hydraulischen Medium gefüllt ist, so dass bei dynamischen Dichtspaltbewegung das Medium in Umfangsrichtung ausweichen und unterschiedlich große Anpresskräfte nivellieren kann. In Figur 1 ist der Hohlraum durch einen auf sich selbst zurückgebördelten Blechrand begrenzt. Wenn bei der Montage der Zylinderkopf und der Motorblock durch Zylinderkopfschrauben aneinander gepresst werden, wirken auf die Flachdichtung örtlich unterschiedlich große spezifische Flächenpressungen: In unmittelbarer Nähe der Bohrungen 7 der Zylinderkopfschrauben ist die statische Pressung am größten. Wie bereits oben erläutert überlagern sich dieser statischen Pressung dynamische Dichtspaltbewegungen: Bei Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine kommt es zu vertikalen und horizontalen Relativbewegungen des Zylinderkopfs gegenüber dem Zylinderblock. Die Amplitude dieser Dichtspaltbewegungen ist um so größer, je größer der Abstand der betrachteten Stelle von einer Zylinderkopfschraube ist. Der gemäß der Erfindung vorgesehene, vollständig mit einem hydraulischen Medium gefüllte Hohlraum bewirkt nun eine Ausgleichung der Kontaktkräfte zwischen der Flachdichtung und den Dichtflächen des Motorblocks bzw. des Zylinderkopfs. The flat gasket according to the invention is partially in plan view cut representation shown in Figure 1. The flat gasket 20 covers the Sealing surfaces of an engine block or cylinder head which cylinder bores 10 and liquid passage openings 11 has. Each of these openings 11, 10 is in an edge region 9 by a ringlaufenden, of a Sheet metal bound cavity enclosed. Also the outer contour of the Flat gasket can be provided with such a circumferential cavity. Decide in each case that the cavity completely with a hydraulic Medium is filled, so that with dynamic sealing gap movement the medium Dodge in the circumferential direction and different pressure forces can level. In Figure 1, the cavity is by itself bounded back folded sheet edge. When assembling the cylinder head and the engine block are pressed together by cylinder head bolts, act on the flat gasket locally different sized specific Surface pressure: In the immediate vicinity of the holes 7 of the cylinder head bolts the static pressure is highest. As already explained above superimpose this static pressure dynamic Sealing gap movements: Operation of the internal combustion engine occurs vertical and horizontal relative movements of the cylinder head opposite the cylinder block. The amplitude of these sealing gap movements is so larger, the greater the distance of the considered point from one Cylinder head screw is. The envisaged according to the invention, completely filled with a hydraulic medium cavity now causes a Adjustment of the contact forces between the flat gasket and the Sealing surfaces of the engine block or the cylinder head.

In Figur 2 ist ein Ausschnitt aus einem Schnitt durch eine nicht beanspruchte Ausführungsform der Flachdichtung dargestellt. Der eine Durchgangsöffnung umschließende Rand eines Bleches 1 ist dabei so umgebördelt, dass ein geschlossener Hohlraum 2 gebildet wird. Dieser Hohlraum 2 ist vollständig mit einem hydraulischen Medium 6 gefüllt. Als hydraulisches Medium sind all jene Stoffe geeignet, die zu einer Vergleichmäßigung der Dichtflächenpressung herbeiführen. Das Medium muss im Betreib der Maschine in der schlauchförmigen Einfassung so zirkulieren, dass möglichst gleich große spezifische Flächenpressungen zwischen Flachdichtung und der jeweiligen Dichtfläche erhalten bleibt. Das hydraulische Medium kann beispielsweise eine Hydraulikflüssigkeit sein. Es ist aber auch vorstellbar, dass für die Brenngasabdichtung ein Lot verwendet wird, welches bei Betriebsbedingungen flüssig wird. In Frage kommen aber auch polymere Werkstoffe wie beispielsweise Thermoplast, Gummi oder Silikon. Für eine Flachdichtung können unterschiedliche Stoffe verwendet werden. Wie im Ausführungsbeispiel in Fig. 2 dargestellt, ist der zurückgebördelte Blechrand mit dem Blech selbst durch eine unlösbare Verbindung 14 verbunden. Diese Verbindung 14 kann beispielsweise durch Elektronenstrahlschweißen flüssigkeitsdicht und mit geringen Kosten hergestellt werden. Der Abdichtungsbereich der Dichtung ist mit einer Elastomerschicht 13 beschichtet.In Figure 2 is a section of a section through an embodiment not claimed the flat seal shown. The one passage opening enclosing edge of a sheet 1 is thereby flanged, that a closed cavity 2 is formed. This cavity 2 is completely filled with a hydraulic medium 6. As hydraulic Medium are all those substances suitable to equalize the Create sealing surface pressure. The medium must be in the operation of Machine in the tubular enclosure to circulate as possible Equal large surface pressures between flat gasket and the respective sealing surface is maintained. The hydraulic medium can for example, be a hydraulic fluid. But it is also conceivable that for the fuel gas seal, a solder is used, which in Operating conditions becomes fluid. Also suitable are polymers Materials such as thermoplastic, rubber or silicone. For one Flat gasket, different substances can be used. Like in Embodiment shown in Fig. 2, is the zurückgebördelte sheet edge connected to the plate itself by a permanent connection 14. These Compound 14 may be by electron beam welding, for example be made liquid-tight and at low cost. Of the Sealing region of the seal is coated with an elastomer layer 13.

Figur 3 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsform als Ausschnitt aus einem Schnitt der Flachdichtung. Der Hohlraum 2 wird durch die Sicke 3 eines Bleches 1 gebildet, welches von einem zweiten Blech 4 überdeckt wird. Beide Bleche 1, 4 sind beiderseits der Sicke 3 unlösbar durch eine Verbindung 14 verbunden. Die Bleche können 0,05 mm bis 0,5 mm dick sein. Zur Mikroabdichtung sind beide Bleche 1, 4 mit einer elastomeren Schicht 13 beschichtet. Das Blech 4 kann eben ausgebildet sein oder wie in Figur 4 dargestellt eine der Sicke 3 gegenüberliegende Sicke aufweisen. Das Rückfedervermögen der Flachdichtung kann so optimal angepasst werden. FIG. 3 shows an embodiment according to the invention as a detail a section of the gasket. The cavity 2 is formed by the bead 3 of a sheet 1, which of a second plate 4 is covered. Both plates 1, 4 are on both sides of the bead 3 unsolvable by a connection 14 connected. The sheets can be 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm thick be. For micro-sealing both sheets 1, 4 with an elastomeric layer 13 coated. The sheet 4 may be planar or as in FIG. 4 shown having a bead 3 opposite bead. The The resilience of the flat gasket can be optimally adjusted.

Die Schnittzeichnungen in Figur 5 und in Figur 6 zeigen jeweils eine ganz besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Zwischen den beiden Blechen 1 und 4 ist ein drittes Blech 8 angeordnet. Die Verbindung 14 verbindet beiderseits einer jeden Sicke stoffschlüssig die drei Bleche 1, 8, 4. Auf diese Weise werden zwei Hohlräume 2, 2' gebildet, die jeweils mit einem hydraulischen Medium gefüllt sind. Eine Durchgangsöffnung 16 im dazwischen liegenden Blech 8 bildet eine hydraulische Verbindung zwischen den an Blech 8 angrenzenden Hohlräumen 2, 2'. Wie in Figur 6 gezeigt, kann das Blech 8 im Bereich der angrenzenden Hohlräume 2, 2' ebenfalls eine Sicke 15 aufweisen, wodurch sich das elastische Rückfedervermögen der Flachdichtung erhöht. Durch unterschiedliche Querschnittsformen der Sicken 5 und 3 kann die Flachdichtung hinsichtlich eines unterschiedlichen Reibungsverhaltens der jeweiligen Werkstoffe von Zylinderkopf bzw. Zylinderblock sehr gut angepasst werden. Der Kontaktbereich der Flachdichtung mit den ebenen Dichtflächen dieser Maschinenteile kann dadurch so gestaltet werden, dass auch nach einer vergleichsweise langen Betriebsdauer die Dichtflächen nicht beschädigt werden.The sectional drawings in Figure 5 and in Figure 6 each show a whole particularly preferred embodiment of the invention. Between the two Sheets 1 and 4, a third plate 8 is arranged. The connection 14 connects on both sides of each bead cohesively the three sheets 1, 8, 4. On this Way two cavities 2, 2 'are formed, each with a hydraulic medium are filled. A through hole 16 in between lying sheet 8 forms a hydraulic connection between the sheet metal 8 adjacent cavities 2, 2 '. As shown in Figure 6, the sheet 8 in Area of the adjacent cavities 2, 2 'also have a bead 15, whereby the elastic resilience of the gasket increases. By different cross-sectional shapes of the beads 5 and 3, the Flat gasket with respect to a different friction behavior of the respective materials of cylinder head or cylinder block very well adapted become. The contact area of the flat gasket with the flat sealing surfaces This machine parts can be designed so that even after a comparatively long service life, the sealing surfaces are not damaged become.

Eine weitere, nicht beanspruchte Ausführungsform ist in Fig. 7 gezeigt. Auch hier wird der die Durchtrittsöffnung umgrenzende Hohlraum 2 durch den auf sich selbst zurückgebördelten Rand des Bleches 1 gebildet. Der zurückgebogene Rand ist aber nicht verschweißt, sondern wird durch die Vorspannung der Zylinderkopfschrauben zwischen zwei Sicken der aktiven Lagen 17 und 18 gepresst. Zwischen den Lagen 17 und 18 ist angrenzend an den zurückgebördelten Rand eine Zwischenschicht 19 angeordnet. Das im Hohlraum eingeschlossene hydraulische Medium 6 kann ein plastisch verformbares polymeres Material, beispielsweise ein Thermoplast, Gummi oder Silikon sein. In Fig. 7 schließen die Lagen 17 und 18 den Hohlraum 2 sandwichartig ein. Selbstverständlich kann die Flachdichtung auch so aufgebaut sein, dass nur eine der aktiven Schicht 17 oder 18 vorhanden ist. Um Oberflächenfehlern, wie beispielsweise Porosität oder Lunker an der Zylinderblock- oder Motorblockdichtfläche auszugleichen kann die erfindungsgemäße Flachdichtung aussenseitig auch Decklagen umfassen.Another, unclaimed embodiment is shown in FIG. Here too is the passage opening delimiting cavity 2 by the on itself itself rebaked edge of the sheet 1 formed. The bent back But edge is not welded, but is due to the bias of the Cylinder head bolts between two beads of active layers 17 and 18 pressed. Between the layers 17 and 18 is adjacent to the back-crimped edge an intermediate layer 19 is arranged. The im Cavity trapped hydraulic medium 6 can be a plastic deformable polymeric material, for example a thermoplastic, rubber or Be silicone. In FIG. 7, the layers 17 and 18 close the cavity 2 sandwiched. Of course, the gasket can do so too be constructed so that only one of the active layer 17 or 18 is present. To surface defects, such as porosity or voids at the Cylinder block or engine block sealing surface can compensate the inventive flat gasket on the outside also cover layers.

Claims (14)

  1. A flat seal (20) for a reciprocating piston engine or machine, comprising at least one metal sheet (1) of a thickness of from 0.05 to 0.5 mm, which is provided with a coating (13) of an elastomer film at least on the sides facing outward in at least one sealing area and has an edge area (9), formed by the outer contour and/or at least one cylinder bore (16) and/or a water and/or oil passage (11) in the cylinder head, adjacent to which is at least one peripheral, self-contained cavity (2), the cavity (2) being filled completely with a hydraulic medium (6), characterized in that the cavity is enclosed by at least one bead (3) of the metal sheet (1) and a second metal sheet (4) bridging the bead, the metal sheets being undetachably connected adjacent to the bead.
  2. A flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the metal sheet (1) and the second metal sheet (4) are connected in a fluid-tight manner.
  3. A flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in the area of the bead (3), the second metal sheet (4) has a second bead (5).
  4. A flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the second bead (5) has a different design from that of the first bead (3).
  5. A flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the second bead (5) has a profile of a smaller cross section than the first bead (3).
  6. A flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the second metal sheet (4) has a second bead (5) corresponding in mirror image to the bead (3) of the first metal sheet (1).
  7. A flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a third metal sheet (8) is arranged between the first metal sheet (1) and the second metal sheet (4) and in that the third metal sheet is incorporated in the connection between the first and second metal sheets and in that the cavities (2) on both sides of the third metal sheet are in hydraulic connection (16) with one another.
  8. A flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the third metal sheet (8) in the area of the first and second beads has a third bead (15) of a differently shaped profile.
  9. A flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the first, second and/or third beads are subdivided into at least two partial beads (12).
  10. A flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each cavity (2) is filled with a substance that is liquid at least under operating conditions.
  11. A flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine according to claim 10, characterized in that the substance is formed by a solder.
  12. A flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the cavity is filled with a polymeric material that is plastically and/or elastically deformable at least under operating conditions.
  13. A flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine according to claim 12, characterized in that the polymeric material is formed by a thermoplastic, rubber or silicone.
  14. A cylinder head seal, characterized in that at least two flat seals according to at least any one of claims 1 to 13 are included.
EP01990473A 2000-12-06 2001-12-03 Flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine Expired - Lifetime EP1340010B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10060514A DE10060514B4 (en) 2000-12-06 2000-12-06 Flat gasket for a piston power or working machine
DE10060514 2000-12-06
PCT/EP2001/014076 WO2002046647A1 (en) 2000-12-06 2001-12-03 Flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1340010A1 EP1340010A1 (en) 2003-09-03
EP1340010B1 true EP1340010B1 (en) 2005-03-16
EP1340010B2 EP1340010B2 (en) 2010-07-21

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EP01990473A Expired - Lifetime EP1340010B2 (en) 2000-12-06 2001-12-03 Flat seal for a reciprocating piston engine or machine

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US (1) US20020170521A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1340010B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE291188T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2002229591A1 (en)
DE (2) DE10060514B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2002046647A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7806414B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2010-10-05 Elringklinger Ag Cylinder head gasket

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ATE291188T1 (en) 2005-04-15
EP1340010B2 (en) 2010-07-21
US20020170521A1 (en) 2002-11-21
DE10060514B4 (en) 2006-11-30
DE10060514A1 (en) 2002-06-27
DE50105649D1 (en) 2005-04-21
EP1340010A1 (en) 2003-09-03
AU2002229591A1 (en) 2002-06-18

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