EP1322849A1

EP1322849A1 - Method for operating an internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: EP1322849A1
Application number: EP01976019A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Juergen Gerhardt
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2000-09-22
Filing date: 2001-09-06
Publication date: 2003-07-02
Also published as: BR0114056A; WO2002025088A1; DE10047003A1; JP2004509279A; US7013862B2; KR20030068133A; US20040011322A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine (1, 18) comprising several combustion chambers (4), wherein the combustion chambers (4) are filled with fuel and air or a fuel-air mixture. In order to avoid torque jumps during disconnection of the cylinders (3) of the internal combustion engine (1, 18) and while changing the operating mode of direct injection internal combustion engines (18), filling of the combustion chambers (4) with fuel and air or with a fuel-air mixture (4) is individually controlled or regulated for each combustion chamber. In a direct injection internal combustion engine (18), a given number of combustion chambers (4) can be operated with a filling corresponding to homogenous operation in accordance with a required torque while the remaining combustion chambers (4) can be operated with a filling corresponding to stratified operation.

Description

Method for operating an internal combustion engine

State of the art

The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine with a plurality of combustion chambers, in which the combustion chambers are filled with fuel and air or with a fuel / air mixture.

The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine with a plurality of combustion chambers which can be filled with fuel and air or with a fuel / air mixture. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a control device for such an internal combustion engine.

The invention also relates to a memory element for a control device of an internal combustion engine, on which a computer program is stored, which can run on a computing device, in particular on a microprocessor. The memory element is designed in particular as a read-only memory, as a random access memory or as a flash memory. Finally, the invention also relates to a computer program.

The invention relates to multi-cylinder internal combustion engines with fuel injection, both conventional internal combustion engines with an intake manifold injection and direct-injection internal combustion engines of a more modern design.

In an internal combustion engine with intake manifold injection, an intake pipe of the internal combustion engine is used

Fuel / air mixture generated, which is then filled into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine. In the case of a direct-injection internal combustion engine, only

Air through the intake pipe into the combustion chambers. Depending on the operating mode of the internal combustion engine, the fuel is injected directly into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine at different times during an operating cycle.

In conventional internal combustion engines with intake manifold injection, it is known from the prior art, in certain _. Operating states of the internal combustion engine, for example in <partial load operation or in overrun operation, to reduce the fuel consumption and the exhaust gas emissions, to switch off a defined number of cylinders. The cylinders are switched off by the fact that the combustion chambers of the cylinders to be switched off are no longer supplied with a fuel / air mixture. This is done by decommissioning intake and / or exhaust valves via which the fuel / air mixture enters the combustion chambers or the exhaust gases leave the rooms after the fuel / air mixture has been combusted. The known method for cylinder deactivation has the disadvantage that only a predetermined number of cylinders can be deactivated. In addition, in certain operating states, when the cylinders are switched off or switched on, torque jumps can be clearly felt.

Direct-injection internal combustion engines can be operated in different operating modes. There is a shift operation, which is used in particular for smaller loads, and a homogeneous operation with larger loads applied to the internal combustion engine. Further operating modes are, for example, an operating mode for heating an exhaust gas catalytic converter, an operating mode for desulfurization of an exhaust gas catalytic converter or for nitrogen oxide (NOx) regeneration of an exhaust gas catalytic converter.

In stratified operation, fuel is injected into a combustion chamber during a compression phase in such a way that a fuel cloud is in the immediate vicinity of a spark plug at the time of ignition. This injection can take place in different ways. ^'Thus, it is possible that the injected fuel cloud already during or immediately after the injection is located in the spark plug and is ignited by this. It is also possible that the injected fuel cloud is guided to the spark plug by a charge movement and only then ignited. In both combustion processes there is no uniform distribution of fuel, but a stratified charge.

The advantage of the shift operation is to _/ that there with a very small quantity of fuel adjacent the lower loads of the internal combustion engine can be performed. However, larger loads cannot be met by shift operation.

In the homogeneous operation provided for such larger loads, the fuel is injected during an induction phase, so that swirling and thus distribution of the fuel in the combustion chamber can still take place easily. In this respect, homogeneous operation corresponds approximately to the mode of operation of conventional internal combustion engines with intake manifold injection. If necessary, homogeneous operation can also be used for smaller loads. In stratified operation, the throttle valve in the intake pipe leading to the combustion chamber is opened wide and the combustion is essentially only controlled and / or regulated by the fuel mass to be injected. In homogeneous operation, the throttle valve is opened or closed depending on the requested torque and the fuel mass to be injected is controlled and / or regulated depending on the air mass drawn in.

In both operating modes, that is to say in shift operation and in homogeneous operation, the fuel mass to be injected is additionally controlled and / or regulated as a function of a plurality of further operating variables to an optimum value with regard to fuel savings, exhaust gas reduction and the like. The control and / or regulation is different in both operating modes.

During steady-state operation of a direct-injection internal combustion engine, operating states are possible which are based on a setpoint torque required by the internal combustion engine, i. H. require homogeneous operation due to a load applied to the internal combustion engine, but the full torque applied by the internal combustion engine in homogeneous operation is not required. In these cases, due to the relatively rich fuel / air mixture in homogeneous operation (lambda approximately 1), a relatively high fuel consumption is caused, although not the full torque generated in homogeneous operation is required.

During non-steady-state operation of the internal combustion engine, that is to say during the switching processes between the operating modes, it can become clearly noticeable due to rapid filling changes in the combustion chambers abrupt changes in the torque delivered by the internal combustion engine.

The present invention is based on the object of avoiding torque jumps during the operation of an internal combustion engine in a specific operating state, for example when switching off cylinders or when changing the operating mode.

To achieve this object, the invention proposes, starting from the method of the type mentioned at the outset, that the filling of the combustion chambers with fuel and air or with a fuel / air mixture is individually controlled or regulated for each combustion chamber.

Advantages of the invention

With the inventive ^'method it is now possible to fill the combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine individually for each cylinder, thereby influencing the operation state of the internal combustion engine targeted. The essence of the present invention is not to compensate for cylinder-specific filling differences, but the combustion chambers of the

To consciously fill the internal combustion engine with different fillings. The different fillings can relate to the amount of fuel or air or to the composition of the fuel / air mixture with which the individual combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine are filled. The filling of the combustion chambers can be controlled or regulated, for example, via electromechanically or electrohydraulically controlled inlet or starter valves or via the injection valves.

With the method according to the invention, torque jumps, such as when switching off individual ones Cylinder of an internal combustion engine or when changing the operating mode of a direct-injection internal combustion engine occur, can be avoided by a suitable control or regulation of the filling of the individual combustion chambers. In addition, depending on the operating state of the internal combustion engine, any number of cylinders can be switched off. It would even be conceivable to selectively switch on or off each individual cylinder of an internal combustion engine depending on the load present.

In a stationary operation of the internal combustion engine ^* , some of the combustion chambers can be operated with a full charge and the other part of the combustion chambers can only be operated with a partial charge. As a result, stratified charging can be implemented in the cylinders with full charge, for example, at operating points that would already require the entire internal combustion engine to be operated with a homogeneous mixture (so-called throttle operation) due to the torque required by the internal combustion engine with uniform filling of all combustion chambers , This enables a significant reduction in fuel consumption to be achieved.

In a transient operation of the engine, when it is so switched between different operating modes, the filling of the combustion chambers, a sudden, unintended change in the output from the engine torque can be prevented by the inventive method ^'through targeted control or regulation. Possible modes of operation are, for example, “homogeneous operation, shift operation, lean shift operation, operation for heating a catalyst, operation for desulfurizing the catalyst or operation for nitrogen oxide regeneration.

With the method according to the invention Torque jumps when switching off one or more cylinders or when changing the operating mode of the internal combustion engine can be prevented. In addition, the method according to the invention leads to a reduction in fuel consumption, particularly in stationary operation.

According to an advantageous development of the present invention, it is proposed that the filling of the combustion chambers with fuel and air or with a fuel / air mixture be determined individually for each combustion chamber. On the basis of the determined value for the actual filling of the combustion chambers, the filling of the combustion chambers can be regulated to a predefinable setpoint.

According to a preferred exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed that the filling be measured by a filling sensor that is specific to the combustion chamber. A combustion chamber pressure sensor, for example, can be used as the filling sensor. The output signal of the charge sensor represents the actual charge in the combustion chamber.

According to an alternative embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed that the filling be modeled from a torque that is recorded individually for the combustion chamber. Either the actual torque or a target torque can be recorded. Using a torque model, the cylinder-specific filling of the individual combustion chambers can be modeled from the actual torque as well as from the target torque. In a reciprocal application and calculated individually for each cylinder, the number of cylinders that have to be operated with a homogeneous mixture can be calculated from the torque model in order to achieve the required target torque. The remaining cylinders remain in the most economical shift operation. 03 s; W td V w ffi tr U ⁾ td <O w M ö N Φ N tu ^ td Qn SJ W td <QP PJ <Q

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more - as usual - all cylinders of the internal combustion engine are switched to homogeneous operation. Rather, just so many cylinders of the internal combustion engine are operated in homogeneous mode that the internal combustion engine just still delivers a torque corresponding to the applied load. In stationary operation of the internal combustion engine, this leads to a considerable reduction in fuel consumption.

Of particular importance is the implementation of the method according to the invention in the form of a storage element which is provided for a control unit of an internal combustion engine. In this case, a computer program is stored on the memory element, which is executable on a computing device, in particular on a microprocessor, and is suitable for executing the method according to the invention. In this case, the invention is thus implemented by a program stored on the memory element, so that this memory element provided with the computer program represents the invention in the same way as the method, for the execution of which the computer program is suitable. In particular, an electrical storage medium can be used as the storage element, for example a read-only memory, a random access memory or a flash memory. ■

The invention also relates to a computer program which is suitable for executing the method according to the invention if it runs on a computing device, in particular on a microprocessor. It is particularly preferred, ^'■ if the computer program is stored on a memory element for a control unit of a Brennkraf mäschine. The storage element is designed in particular as a read-only memory, as a random access memory or as a flash memory. As a further solution to the problem of the present invention, starting from the control device for an internal combustion engine of the type mentioned at the beginning, it is proposed that the control device controls or regulates the filling of the combustion chambers with fuel and air or with a fuel / air mixture individually for each combustion chamber.

Finally, as a solution to the problem of the present invention, starting from the internal combustion engine of the type mentioned at the beginning, it is proposed that the filling of the combustion chambers with fuel and air or with a fuel / air mixture can be individually controlled or regulated for each combustion chamber.

drawings

Further features, possible applications and advantages of the invention result from the following description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, which are shown in the drawing. All of the features described or illustrated, individually or in any combination, form the subject matter of the invention, regardless of how they are summarized in the patent claims or their relationship, and regardless of their wording or representation in the description or in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an inventive

Internal combustion engine according to a first preferred embodiment;

2 shows a block diagram of an internal combustion engine according to the invention in accordance with a second preferred embodiment; Fig. 3 ^■ a flow chart of a method according to a first preferred embodiment;

4 shows a sequence diagram of a method according to the invention in accordance with a preferred embodiment;

5 shows a method according to the invention in accordance with a third preferred embodiment; and ^'

6 shows an operating map of the internal combustion engine from FIG. 2.

Description of the embodiments

1, an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle according to the invention is designated in its entirety by reference number 1. In the internal combustion engine 1, a piston 2 is arranged in a cylinder 3 to and fro. The cylinder 3 is provided with a combustion chamber 4, which is, inter alia, by the piston 2 _. an inlet valve 5 and an outlet valve 6 is limited. An intake pipe 7 is coupled to the inlet valve 5 and an exhaust pipe 8 is coupled to the outlet valve 6. Instead of only one inlet valve 5 and outlet valve 6, a plurality of inlet valves 5 and / or outlet valves 6 can also be provided. ■

The internal combustion engine 1 has several such cylinders 3, only one of which is shown in FIG. 1.

An injection valve 9 projects into the intake pipe 7 and can be used to inject fuel into the intake pipe 7. The injected fuel mixes with air in the intake pipe 7 to form a fuel / air mixture which arrives in the combustion chamber 4 via the inlet valve 5. in the Fl 03 N cd

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Controlled and / or regulated fuel emissions. For this purpose, the control unit 13 is provided with a microprocessor 16 which executes a program which is suitable for carrying out the control and / or regulation mentioned. The program is stored on a memory element 17, in particular on a flash memory, of the control unit 13.

In the case of an internal combustion engine 1 with a large number of cylinders 3, in particular in the case of 6-cylinder or 12-cylinder internal combustion engines, the method according to the invention (see FIG. 3) can be used in certain operating states of the internal combustion engine 1, for example in part-load operation or in Thrust operation, a variable number of cylinders 3 can be switched off.

The method according to the invention for switching off cylinders 3 begins in a function block 20. In a function block 21, the internal combustion engine 1 is operated with all the cylinders 3 present. In a query block 22, a load applied to the internal combustion engine 1 is compared with a torque applied by the internal combustion engine 1. If the applied load approximately corresponds to the applied torque, the process branches back to function block 21 and the internal combustion engine continues to be operated with all available cylinders 3.

If, however, the load on the internal combustion engine 1 is less than the torque applied by the internal combustion engine 1, a branch is made to a function block 23, in which the number of cylinders 3 is determined which actually have to be operated in order to apply a torque corresponding to the applied load , The difference between the total number of cylinders 3 and the number of cylinders 3 required results in the number of cylinders 3 that can be switched off. One of the cylinders 3 to be deactivated is deactivated in a function block 24. Ö

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td 0 <23 <n PJ [μ K td H '<! ö IQ 53 _^ - _^ PJ iQ 03 φ • d α td <H td 0 PJ U ö H tsi tr μ- p 3 CD μ- JP 0 0 P Φ P φ td P Φ Ω P 0 JP Φ PPP ^' tr 3 oo sp 3

Φ IQ PP CQ 3 3 P Φ CD P 0 CD tr CQ PD Φ P Φ Pi LQ N ω μ- et a φ tsi P-. ! - • Φ ooo Φ 3 tr μ- i 3 P- P- μ- rr pr P Hi • ^ P Φ 0 Ω P? 03 P tr ¹ p 03 s≤ CQ tr LQ CQ μ- Φ 3 Ω Φ 0 Φ CQ Ω φ et <P PJ P- PN tr PJ Ω P- φ p Ω Φ 0 = ti Φ φ P p- 0 tr P LQ iQ P t P μ- Φ; r tr LQ pr 0 TJ μ- PJ P tr Φ Φ

PJ tr μ- tr P ^ μ- P P φ Pi 3 N Φ Φ Φ rr o P P P. P P Φ D P Φ tr P

0 P LQ CD 0 H CD tr tr 3 ^■ CD CD CD P ^■ PP rr tr td P Hi PJ Φ J P- et et P Φ

3 rr P Ω μ- CΛ Φ Φ PP μ- p- tr P. Φ Φ CQ J Hi P ιJ Hi 03 Ω 0 tr P PJ et - tr P Φ rr rr "d rr rr Ω Φ Φ μ- rr rr tr tr rr CQ et rr tr PJ P μ- Pi 0 tO Φ Φ i PPP 0 03 μ- tr rr P co PPP 3 μ- 3 Φ φ 0 LQ P φ ≤ Hi rt μ- £ CD i μ- P- P TJ LQ rt P et p- μ- 0 Φ PJ tS! Ω PJ 0 P Hi Φ P -

3 OP Φ P Φ Φ r P P- tr ~ Φ 'Φ Ω P CQ 0 rr 03 Φ rr PP μ- 53 Φ P- sS tr tr et P = μ- PJ φ PJ tr tr pr Ω 3 Ω P - Pi 0 LQ Pi μ- rr p- Pi P rr μ- μ- PP tr 03 3 - CQ tr tr φ tr 0 φ sS P Φ φ 3

P Φ Φ P φ PO LQ ^• - - rr 0 PJ Φ μ- 53- μ- p- P Pi 3 Φ Pi PP

Φ p. P ^ P p- Pi P 3 P Φ Pi φ Φ CQ sS P H LQ P φ P P LQ PJ P J PI μ- 0 Φ P rr LQ CQ Φ P P CQ μ- rr p- φ Ω Φ CQ 03 P-. tr P Φ

PPP P- CD φ tr tr P tsi 3 Φ P ^■ tr 0 TJ φ Φ P μ- φ p- PJ = rtt. P TJ CQ μ- ^{1 "} Φ ^ LQ tr. - μ- PH 03 tr HP PJ φ PP rr

PP Ω et ^<<Φ P Ω o P- td 1- 'o φ μ- Φ P 03 Φ r oo - ¹ Co i 0 P φ pi tr φ Φ tr PP Ω 3 O P μ- μ- tr Ω i PJ Hi Ω <! P PJ

Pi φ CD O μ- P- Ω PJ pr 3 P Ω Φ tr p-,, P 0 LQ O tr 0 tr cα

Φ 3 rr P P td P tr μ- "S! 0 Pi tr Φ tr P μ- Pi P μ- Hi Φ Pi Pi Φ P N td rr

3 φ co. P. 0 Φ Φ et LQ Φ PJ μ- 0 = Ω μ- P P. Pi Φ Φ Φ P 23 Φ tr tr φ 3 3 P Φ. t Ω Φ PP tr Φ tr Φ Φ CQ φ μ- μ- P 3 φ P ⁱ rr Φ

K Φ LSI P 0 i rr tr rr φ Φ P P rt rt μ- P Φ P PJ LQ rr o ^• o P Φ LQ y - ^'55 tr CD Φ LO P tr PJ LQ td P l 3 3 0 Φ P- P

3 Ω φ P μ- Φ Φ rr N Φ PJ-- Φ P Φ td P φ Φ μ- 3 g φ μ-

O P. P- pr μ- PI— ¹ rr μ ¹

P Pi 53 P 0 rr Φ 3 Φ J rr LQ pr φ 03 LQ tr Φ

LQ P- P 0 tr P * d P P- P φ 53 Φ rt P P μ- rr 3 Φ P P rt φ CD tr

Φ φ P. 3 Φ PJ 0 = Pi Pi P- P Φ μ- φ P- P φ P 3 μ- μ ^j o rr Φ CQ PJ

P CO Φ LQ rr LQ φ Φ Φ CD P rr PJ P Φ pr 0 P μ- 03 0 TJ 0 Ω P 0 tr CD P φ P Φ P φ P φ i- ¹ 3 μ- P tr td Pi Φ P rr tr PP rr Φ φ et PP μ »Φ tr rr Pi

Φ 3 IS1 CQ P- tr 0 P P Φ • - - PJ X Φ tr μ- LQ o ι. , P PJ Φ rr 0 Ω φ P φ Φ td 0 φ P td p. Hl and P P LQ μ> P P

PN tr tr o LQ PP Φ 3 P. CD Φ P tr rr μ- PJ φ Pi Φ Φ Φ rr μ- ^■ ; μ- P. PJ Ω rr LQ P rr P 0 Φ 3 0 td P φ μ- P Φ Pi μ- φ P Φ μ- ¹ 0 PT tr gp ⁱ P φ pr td PP rr PJ P Φ et PP PJ = rr Tr 3 tr μ- 3 rr 3 Φ μ- φ μ- o PP μ- td P CQ CQ rr φ 0 rt P

P P. φ LQ rr P Φ Ω J Hi φ P Hi μ- Ω tr P i P td P -t S, td

CD Pi Φ • d rr φ 0 = er tr Hi P- tr Φ 0 = Φ tr Φ Hi φ Φ H Φ td 0

P φ P 0 03 Φ LSI CD PJ rr P 03 PP tr μ- 0 Φ P μ- rr μ- μ- PP tr rr PP sS n 0 = h- ¹ P- • J PJ P- ¹ 3 Pi JP Φ P Ω tr PP σ, rr Pi Φ tr

03 K Φ tr tr rr P μ- ¹ P et PJ 0 P pr LQ P Φ pr - - Pi P- Φ i φ P Φ J o et P PJ φ Φ μ- rr φ CD P rr P Φ • 0 Φ PJ • P 0 PP rr

P 3 P- P. P sS P P et Ω LQ J P H Pi P tr tr Φ P • pr P

CD is O 0 Φ rr TJ μ- P <N -. tr CQ Hi P- α O PJ LQ 03 CQ Ω P μ-

Ω 0 LQ P P φ P P Pi Φ 0 P- LQ et P PJ • P CQ PJ PJ tr ö PJ Φ tr LQ φ r 0 = Pi Φ P 0 P Φ 3 LQ μ- LQ LQ P 0 f iQ φ Hi tr

Φ φ P tr 3 Hi 3 3 φ 3 J Φ P. P H Φ Φ rr Hi P φ- P et

P 0 tr 0 = sS rr LO PJ = cα Φ P 3 o PJ 3

P. P Φ o 0 - P ¹ ϊ / ⁾ Ω t- <P φ rr PJ = Pi PJ- "Q 0 = PJ φ Pi rr Ω P P- tr J μ- Φ Φ tΛ φ tr P tr rr CQ

U D (D Di 0 3 H- 03 P μ- CD P μ- PJ P μ- Ω

Φ μ- P CD tr P rr CD P H P LQ rr φ LO P p. φ φ P Φ rr CD tr t J CD P 3 1 et LQ tr Φ μ-

PP ^' H Φ

0 0 S ^ td 0 0 H T td K in μ- Φ tsi tr PJ H μ>. LΠ td φ H φ td 03 € α <! • d

3 3 0 = P 3 3 PJP o LO PP 0 ^■ : PJ PP CD o JPPPP Φ Ω Φ P Φ Φ S 0 = Q IN] Φ ^• LQ tsi P Φ 3 rr CQ iQ • P Φ Hi rt tr P Φ PPH "{- •

Φ 0 P H P Φ 0 φ P P 0 £ & 03 tr μ- rr Φ Φ μ- LQ P μ- r 0 P μ- P. tr N PJ

CQ CQ J 0 P CD CQ μ- P LQ p- Φ TJ P P μ- P Φ P P μ- H μ- Ω φ 3 Φ 0 = 0 0

Ω Ω LQ P P Ω Ω P pr Φ P P μ- J o P P CQ pr p. LQ LQ Φ tr P o μ- iQ P tr tr Φ LQ PJ tr tr Φ P P Qn Φ P Φ P P Φ Φ r + P 0 • Φ r rt 3 P Φ LQ

PJ PJ tr 0 PJ PJ 3 PJ tr td Ω LQ PH 3 μ- φ φ PJ P 0 03 tr pr φ t <l P μ- ¹ t- ¹ tr 3 μ- ¹ Φ 0 tr φ μ- Φ P μ- LQ in J Φ 0 = P φ rt Φ tr rt et 0 φ et rr r rr rr μ- 3 Φ P ω φ P ^ φ P t- "rr 03 P et P rr - 03 φ

Φ Φ Ω φ Φ 0 3 P φ o P LQ rr 0 P Φ rr 3 iQ μ- rr P P CQ P rr P? 0 = rr P P J μ- LQ Φ P. rr - P 3 PJ φ 03 φ μ- Φ J Φ 0 Φ 0 =

3 - P. pr CQ Φ Φ μ- φ

For Φ pr Φ CQ 3 et P φ P P P- 3 P s3 Φ in P- Φ et Ω tr P P P P et P • d ö Ω PJ = tr 0 = 1- "

0 P LΠ rr rr μ- P μ- tr N er Φ td J μ- co 0 PJ tr tΛ φ pr P LSI Φ μ- rr

PPO P- tr J Φ α CD td P o rr P co μ- Φ μ- PJ o LQ ^< P- P

LSI 0 = -s. Φ LSI P. P Φ tr rr PP PJ P Φ pr PPPP 0 φ - ¹ P & 23

Φ ^> <tr μ- P- φ ^> <CQ φ rr μ ^j P Φ φ P- P CQ P <Φ P Φ Ω μ- 0 μ-

PH "Φ PP 3 (-> tr P P- tr φ PP tr φ <P tr tr P tsi PP μ- P P. φ μ- (- ^■ H Φ 3 PP td o PH Φ er P Φ 0 LQ

P J P P o Φ Φ tr o pr 0 φ o φ P 00 P PJ φ φ μ- φ φ 03.

• d P Φ Ω tr - P 3 PJ P P P Ω rr CQ J PJ Ω μ- μ- 3 P P- LQ

PJ φ 0 = P Φ pr Φ 0 φ PJ LQ pr P tr tr μ- PJ P ^• tr PPP Φ H

PP Φ PP LSI 3 P 03 rd P- PP tr 53 LO PJ 3 P ^■ rr CQ 3 p. in CQ ^> iQ rr μ- rt IQ P in Φ 0 Φ P P. s! 53 Φ P PJ = co LO - Ω P- LO l £ = - 53 φ Q φ 3 φ Φ t tr Ω P φ Φ μ- φ Φ φ Ω NP <tΛ P. tr- W Φ LQ φ μ- CQ LQ - J 3 P CQ pr μ- P PJ. 3 Ω Ω tr 0 Φ Φ tr r ° I

P 0 t-- 0 CQ μ- 3 φ PP Ω P φ tα PJ: P 53 PJ tr P 03 LQ tr t CQ PP 3 'o Φ tr μ- 3 Φ P μ- tr OP Ω s pr μ- P LΠ Φ φ P tr CQ CQ φ tr

Ω P Φ 0 3 P 0 φ Φ PJ et P. tr PP rt H LQ 3 N PJ Φ φ φ μ ¹ Φ tsi <pr Φ ⁾ tΛ LQ p. PPP 23 Φ P- 23 PJ p- 0 3 CQ 53 Φ Φ

P- μ> Φ Φ Φ rt φ PP φ _^ - _^ sS P CQ 3 3 Ω Q. μ- P- P 3 P -.

SS et μ- ¹ PPPN φ 3 LO Φ P φ P rt Φ 03 μ- P rr tr ISJ Φ P rr pr 'φ CQ tr - 0 P 0 = rr p. tr 3 P- Ω P rr PJ Ld Φ P •% 0 P pr μ- ¹ PJ rr μ- Φ μ- td P rr CQ φ P- o = Φ JP tr rt φ P- P- μ- 3 Φ tr μ - et μ- • μ- sS rr P 0 PJ = Φ 03 11 CQ tr co P CQ μ- μ- μ- rr P Φ 03 td P Ω P o φ PP 'μ- P 3 o Φ 3 Φ Φ * - o tr Ω P o P tr Ω W Φ - * tr Φ P

PP p- φ 0 tr ö P μ- PP U- ^* 0- tr μ- P φ LQ Φ tr o P CQ

Φ P. P LQ CQ P rr Φ co Φ μ- tr rr Φ Φ PJ = μ- P Φ 3 P 2 ^> <! 03 tr

Φ φ tr φ et Φ et Φ a P o P Φ tr P tr 53 Φ P o o φ 1— 'tsi P P μ- ω P tr Φ μ- N P 0 φ P φ td P Φ Φ φ P LQ Φ P pr o

^> - P φ tr 3 QJ μ- ¹ P PJ tr Ω φ rr P Φ PP P- tr Φ tr 0 03 0 Ω -> td tti P Φ o 3 rr Φ tr PJ Φ tr μ »CQ P. Φ 3 rr <φ P 03 P φ P pr μ- o O Φ rr 0 rr P 3 P- - 3 - ^> DP μ- P td φ Φ Φ tr J Ω rt N

P 3 3 μ- CQ LQ P Φ φ et rt P P Φ α φ P rd φ μ- P P Φ P tr 1SI N LO

O O P .TS φ μ- P P> d PJ μ- μ- P tr pr 0 rr P Φ Φ rr rr rr Φ φ LQ LQ φ P O φ rr μ- 0 P P Ω P Φ P P P φ P PJ tr P Φ P-

P Φ Φ 3 Φ P tr p. p- φ P 0 tr Φ tr J pr μ- P tr p- <cα rr 23

P P Ω Φ PJ Φ pr LSI P rr 3 er et Φ P LQ Φ Φ P- μ-

10 tr tr tr P P 0 μ- et tr o Φ rr μ- tr Φ Φ er P LQ P

Φ Φ Φ Φ 3 μ- φ PJ θ = 3 rr 3 0 P P 3 3 P. p- rr rr P rr tr o μ- P- tr φ P J P μ- μ- cα

P P P Φ P P P P -> Φ P μ- 03 CQ PJ P Φ Ω P. μ- μ- Φ μ- CQ φ Φ P rr Φ Ω tr P tr φ

Φ Φ P P tr φ Φ tr tr H Qn Qn Φ J 1

(D he tr LQ PN Φ μ- o φ φ P μ ^>

P Φ 0 PPP Ω PP rr P Ω% Φ pr φ Φ pr co PP

LSI <PJ PJ td pr ö Pi tr. * Td td 3 3 ö td td td 03 PI φ CQ 53 0 r <i ö 0 0 <! r ^ i K

^• μ- PPPJ 0 J 0 o Φ Φ μ- μ- P Φ P Φ Ω O μ- o φ 3 PJ Φ P Φ 3 φ 3 Φ 0 o

Φ μ <Φ PP cα 3 N tsi rr rt Φ rr Φ rr tr 3 P IQ μ- LQ P φ P tsi 03 LQ PP 3 μ- Φ μ- PP Ω o Φ 0 0 tr PPP μ- o μ- Φ rr Φ tr tr 0 Φ tsi pr op Φ P Φ P tr Φ LQ P LQ CQ Pi P. 3 P- P P- Ω IQ LQ P Φ cα CD μ- 3 M CD φ D 23 et LQ

Φ LQ pr Φ P φ 03 03 cα Φ φ O Φ pr Φ tr Φ Φ JP Ω P o O Ω P Ω φ μ- Φ φ LS! P φ P μ- Qn P rr N tsi 3 ^■ ^' 3 3 er P tr rr PP φ tr PJ 3 3 tr tr μ- o P

P • co PJPJ μ- φ P Φ φ Φ CD PJ cα tr tr tsi P CQ PJ Φ Φ o J μ- PJ LQ P tr φ P Φ 03 PP Φ μ- μ- td td P pr Hi ^' pr φ Φ PP CQ (- ^■ P rr m

LO ^ rt μ- μ- Φ r P Ω Ω Ω Φ Φ rr Φ rr Φ rr rr Φ p- rr Φ et rr Φ rr Pi rr - tr rr

P rr P 3 03 μ- 0 pr tr tr tsi N P 3 P P P μ- P P φ 03 P Φ 0 Φ P

23 CQ PJ Φ P P s PJ et Φ Φ 0 0 S P PJ P μ- μ- P rr 0 sS TJ tr P P rr sS o μ-

P- Φ tr ¹ o P- LQ LQ PP LQ LQ CD Φ Φ Φ • d 3 φ P Φ Pi iQ o Ω φ φ P r PJ Ω rr ^ CQ φ CQ 03 03 PJ Φ Ω φ er tr φ P 0 23 tsi P 0 = rr Φ 03 ΪS pr er

PJ LQ tr co μ- LQ P P- N N 0 tr P 23 P 0 0 P. P P P LQ μ- Φ

3 sS P rr μ- LQ Φ tr Ω IO to Φ Φ μ- Pi tr 0 Φ pr P CD φ LQ P- Φ P μ- LΠ 0 o = μ- PP CD 3 Φ tr μ- μ- IQ P Φ P LO μ- et Ω P φ Φ ti 3 p. P cn 3

IQ φ Φ φ μ- PJ = rr tr 0 Ω Ω Φ 23 φ p. rr Pi rr μ- φ tr • tr ^< for LQ

Α P Ω in tΛ P 0 = Φ P tr tr CQ μ- φ P Φ o PJ sS Λ 53 23 Φ μ- PP rr μ> tr Φ P- er tsi P. Φ Φ TJ PHP μ- Pi Φ PP - PJ = 0 μ- φ H φ μ- o

Ω 0 = J CQ 00 Φ Φ Φ Φ PP PJ i 00 φ μ- P rt rr tr 3 PPP μ- φ Ω tr rt TS P PJ <! tr P μ- P. P p. tr φ Φ rr r ^ Φ P LQ Pi rr Pi tr μ- P Φ LQ P Φ Ω Φ ι> P 0 = J μ- Φ td P μ- ¹ μ- P Φ Φ Φ <Pi φ φ PJ μ- LQ CQ Φ μ- φ LQ P ^ Pi tr PHO et tr 0 PPPP 0 P Pi P CQ P ^■ φ φ PP t- ¹

3 et Ω P .03 Φ LO Φ P - • Φ CQ Φ Φ Φ td Ω P. Φ Pi Ω P 3 Φ rr μ- 0 tr φ rr 03 PJ P Φ • tr tr P r; r 23 CQ P Φ pr P ^■ tr LO P tsi Φ

03 3 φ P Φ r tr. tr rr 0 Pi Φ α • d rr φ rr P rt Pi J PJ • d 0 rr

Ω Hl P CQ Φ P μ- 03 3 φ tSJ μ- μ- Φ P pr P LΠ μ- LSI φ NP '0 tsi tr td Pi φ μ- ¹ Φ P Ω 0 P Φ Φ Φ LQ μ- Pi μ- P μ- -J Φ

1— '^ CD rr Φ P P o Φ φ μ- rr * <Pi 23

P- P Φ tr ö IQ μ- P P Φ Ω PJ Φ Φ P- Φ pr Φ φ H

Ω 3 μ- CD rr rr μ- μ- d Ω φ et μ- 00

Φ Φ tr tr t QP μ- μ- td et 33 et a 3 P tr o P CQ Φ ss he P Ω PP 0 tr P Φ rt TJ α TSJ QPPP φ _'03 μ- Pi P rt LQ LQ Φ Φ tr ö Φ 3 P = 3 PPP 3 J Φ P. Ω 53 μ- O Pi • d φ tr Φ, Φ P Φ P Φ φ rr Φ o φ Φ Φ Pi μ- H PJ P p. P Φ tr Φ Ω <! P Φ 0 P φ P CQ Φ μ- PPH tr P 3t LQ rr μ- tr J et P LSI CD rr Φ PP 03 P tr φ 03 PP rr tr TJ tr P φ P Φ sS PJ Φ. rr. NP tsi "<o P pr φ P. P tr pr 3

P Φ J 3 P μ- rr Φ LQ P Φ J LQ φ rd tr μ- rr P 0 Φ ^ σ P u> Φ <N H LO et 0 =

P et> - P μ- Φ tr ö P tr Φ P P- P- P- Φ P J CQ P Φ o = o μ- CQ

Φ P rr 3 μ- Φ rr I- ¹ cα Pi LQ PP rr 0 μ- P LQ Ω r μ- Φ. • 0 μ- rr P Φ μ- o CQ

P P P φ Φ er rr P Φ et φ. Pi Φ P P and P Pi CD φ pr P P Φ

Φ 23 P φ PJ P pr tr P Φ PP φ P φ P- 3 3 φ ö Φ P 03 P tr tr Φ rr P 03 LQ et et rr μ- 03 td ^• H 01 PH Φ Φ J Pi P PJ rr rt in tr φ P CQ CQ μ- *> Φ P φ Ω Φ 0 tr tr CQ φ P. N - cn Φ P- "rt 0 PJ tr LQ OH P- tr tr rr P rr μ- LO μ- Φ P Ω P td 0 rr P o 53

P P Φ 0 o = P. Φ P td Φ μ- P i 03 3 P tr Φ P i sS Ω P- μ- Pi P Hi tr μ- 3 0) - tr φ er 3 Ω μ- rr μ- <! P- M et Ω tsi PJ μ-

- K pr P φ tr Φ Φ PJ: tr μ- rr μ- tr φ Pi ö 3 0 POP tr 0 3 PO tr CQ PP tΛ HPP 3 rt et er Φ PJ Φ μ- P φ 3 P- Φ μ- Pi 3 in φ o P. μ- Φ φ o PJ μ- μ- tr to 3 03 μ- PO Φ pr μ- rr O rf ^ 0 =

P PJ P P Ω 0 φ rr Pi Φ PJ P μ- H LQ tr 0 = P Pi LQ tr

<LQ <pr CQ tr φ rr P Pi Φ φ IQ PJ P. Φ Φ Φ sS μ- P et φ ω P. 3 P rr Φ LQ er P PJ PP μ- PPP φ φ 0 - • P LΠ μ- tr φ μ- P Φ μ- er P Φ φ er

P P 00 P Φ 3 φ μ- P Q rr P. Φ Φ j (P P P »n er (B i rt H & rt μ- φ CQ P tr μ- Φ rr Φ PJ P P P

P 0 ^' i P CD Φ μ- μ- P 0 P- μ- J P- Φ Φ rr P Ω CQ Hl Φ P 0 Φ PP tr ■ rr er Hi he

Claims

Expectations

1. Method for operating an internal combustion engine (1, 18) with a plurality of combustion chambers (4), in which the combustion chambers (4) are filled with fuel and air or with a fuel / air mixture, characterized in that the filling of the combustion chambers ( 4) is individually controlled or regulated with fuel and air or with a fuel / air mixture for each combustion chamber (4).

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling of the combustion chambers (4) with fuel and air or with a fuel / air mixture for each combustion chamber (4) is determined individually.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the filling is measured by a filling sensor specific to the combustion chamber.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that - the filling is modeled from a torque recorded individually for the combustion chamber.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that for switching off cylinders (3) the filling of the combustion chambers (4) of the cylinders to be switched off (3) is reduced in time offset from each other.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the Combustion chambers (4) are filled directly with fuel and air, characterized in that, for the operating mode of the internal combustion engine (18), the filling of the combustion chambers (4) is adapted to the operating mode into which switching is to take place at different times.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the combustion chambers (4) are filled directly with fuel and air, characterized in that a torque required by the internal combustion engine (18) corresponding to a certain number of combustion chambers (4) with a Homogeneous filling and the remaining combustion chambers (4) are operated with a filling corresponding to a shift operation.

8. Memory element (17), in particular read-only memory, random access memory or flash memory, for a control device

(13) an internal combustion engine (1, 18), on which a computer program is stored, which is executable on a computing device, in particular on a microprocessor (16), and is suitable for executing a method according to one of claims 1 to 7.

9. Computer program, characterized in that the computer program is suitable for executing the method according to one of claims 1 to 7 when it runs on a computing device, in particular on a microprocessor (16).

10. Computer program according to claim 9, characterized in that the computer program on a memory element (16), in particular on a read-only memory, random access memory or flash memory, for a control device (13) of an internal combustion engine (1, 18) is stored.

11. Control unit (13) for an internal combustion engine (1, 18) - with a plurality of combustion chambers (4), which can be filled with fuel and air or with a fuel / air mixture, characterized in that the control unit (13) is filled controls or regulates the combustion chambers (4) individually with fuel and air or with a fuel / air mixture for each combustion chamber (4).

12. Internal combustion engine (1, 18) with several combustion chambers (4) which can be filled with fuel and air or with a fuel / air mixture, characterized in that the filling of the combustion chambers (4) with fuel and air or with a fuel / Air mixture for each combustion chamber (4) can be individually controlled or regulated.