EP1308389A1 - Device for transferring blister packs and the like from a cutting station to the feeding line of a packaging machine - Google Patents
Device for transferring blister packs and the like from a cutting station to the feeding line of a packaging machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1308389A1 EP1308389A1 EP02024910A EP02024910A EP1308389A1 EP 1308389 A1 EP1308389 A1 EP 1308389A1 EP 02024910 A EP02024910 A EP 02024910A EP 02024910 A EP02024910 A EP 02024910A EP 1308389 A1 EP1308389 A1 EP 1308389A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blister packs
- conveyor means
- cutting station
- feeding line
- disposed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B35/00—Supplying, feeding, arranging or orientating articles to be packaged
- B65B35/30—Arranging and feeding articles in groups
- B65B35/36—Arranging and feeding articles in groups by grippers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B35/00—Supplying, feeding, arranging or orientating articles to be packaged
- B65B35/30—Arranging and feeding articles in groups
- B65B35/46—Arranging and feeding articles in groups by rotary conveyors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
- B65G47/52—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices
- B65G47/53—Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyors i.e. discharging or feeding devices between conveyors which cross one another
Definitions
- the present invention relates to feeding blister packs to an automatic packaging machine.
- the invention relates to a device for transferring blister packs from the cutting station of a so-called blistering machine to the feeding line of the packaging line.
- blister packs are obtained by cutting a band, which has a plurality of blisters, suitably arranged, filled with respective products.
- a series of blister packs are usually obtained from the blister band, which blister pack are aligned along a direction crosswise to the band longitudinal axis.
- the series of blister packs must be transferred to the feeding line of the packaging machine, which introduces the blister packs in suitable boxes.
- the feeding line of the packaging machine is disposed in longitudinal alignment with the outlet line of the blistering machine. This solution can cause problems due to the resulting overall dimensions of the machine.
- the positioning of the packaging machine is rigid, as it is imposed by the disposition of the line connecting the packaging machine with the blistering machine.
- Another object of the present invention is to propose a device, which has a constructively very simple and functional structure and which is versatile in relation to the type of blister packs to be transferred.
- reference numeral 1 indicates the device for transferring blister packs 2 from a cutting station 3 of a blistering machine to a feeding line 4 of a packaging machine.
- a group of three blister packs 2 are cut off from a blister band at each step, and are disposed in reciprocal alignment at the outlet area of the cutting station 3.
- the transferring device 1 includes a pick-up member 5 for picking-up blister packs 2, which is aimed at withdrawing the blister packs 2 from the outlet area of the cutting station 3 and at transferring them to adjacent belt conveyor means 7, which are operated into continuous motion in the direction indicated with the arrow A.
- the conveyor belt 7 defines an active upper run extended horizontally in a direction parallel to the alignment axis of the group of blister packs 2 at the outlet of the cutting station 3.
- the conveying belt 7 has a series of transversal lugs- 9, regularly spaced apart, between which respective spaces are defined for receiving blister packs 2 to be transferred to the feeding line 4.
- the pick-up member 5 includes an arm 6 for gripping the blister packs 2, which reciprocates between a pick-up position, in which the blister packs 2 are picked-up from the cutting station 3, indicated with broken line 6A, and a release position, in which the blister packs 2 are released onto the conveyor belt 7, disposed in aligned therewith.
- a selective releasing member 10 for selective releasing of blister packs 2 is situated in the region corresponding to an area where the pick-up member 5 releases the blister packs 2, above the conveyor belt 7.
- the selective releasing member 10 includes a pair of lateral plates 11 arranged longitudinally to the conveyor belt 7 for retention of the blister packs 2.
- a plurality of retractable support elements 12 extend symmetrically from the plates 11 and are operated selectively by respective actuator means, e.g. pneumatic, not shown.
- the selective releasing member 10 extends longitudinally to the conveyor belt 7, so as to support the blister packs 2, released by the withdrawing member 5, disposed in a line and supported on both sides by the retractable support elements 12, excluding a first blister pack situated at a foremost position along the forward movement direction A of the conveyor belt 7.
- the first blister pack falls directly onto the conveyor belt 7.
- the supports elements 12 can extend longitudinally, so as to support all the blister packs released by the withdrawing member 5.
- one or at most two printing heads can be situated downstream of the selective releasing member 10, along the forward movement direction A of the conveyor belt 7.
- the blister packs 2, conveyed on the conveyor belt 7 are transferred one by one to the feeding line 4 of the packaging machine, situated perpendicular to the conveyor belt 7, on the same horizontal plane by a carrousel 14, rotating stepwise.
- the carrousel 14 has a plurality of radial arms 15 equipped with gripping means 16.
- the radial arms rotate on a vertical axis during the transferring step, so as to make the blister packs 2 counter-rotate to maintain unchanged their orientation.
- the operation of the proposed device for transferring blister packs 2 to the feeding line 4 of the packaging machine includes substantially picking-up a group of blister packs 2, aligned with one another, at the cutting station 3 of the blistering machine.
- the gripping arm 6 of the pick-up member 5 is translated from the position 6A, in which the blister packs 2 are picked-up, to the position, in which the blister packs 2 are released, disposed aligned with the conveyor belt 7.
- the blister packs 2 picked-up by the pick-up arm 6 are the released onto the retractable support elements 12 of the selective releasing member 10, except for the first blister pack, situated in the foremost position, which falls directly onto the conveyor belt 7.
- the support elements 12 can extend longitudinally, so as to receive also the first blister pack; the first, second and third blister packs are released onto the conveyor belt 7, situated below, by corresponding selective operation of the support elements 12.
- the blister packs 2 are picked-up one by one by the gripping means 16 of the carrousel 14 and transferred to the feeding line 4 of the packaging machine, situated perpendicular to the conveyor belt 7.
- the proposed device fulfills the object to transfer blister packs automatically in series from the cutting station of the blistering machine to a feeding line of the packaging machine, situated perpendicular, maintaining the arrangement in line and the positive control of the transferred blister packs.
- the feeding line 4 is perpendicular to the conveyor belt 7; it is understood that the angle between the line 4 and the belt 7 can be different than 90°.
- the angular arrangement, advantageously at 90°, of the belt 7 and the line 4, allows the operator to position the packaging machine in most suitable way, with consequent optimizing of the spaces.
- the belt 7 and the line 4 are either aligned or arranged along an unavoidably predetermined path, which is an evident limitation for the positioning of the packaging machine with respect to the blistering machine.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
- Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to feeding blister packs to an automatic packaging machine.
- More precisely, the invention relates to a device for transferring blister packs from the cutting station of a so-called blistering machine to the feeding line of the packaging line.
- As it is known, blister packs are obtained by cutting a band, which has a plurality of blisters, suitably arranged, filled with respective products.
- At each step of the blister band forward movement in the cutting station of the blistering machine, a series of blister packs are usually obtained from the blister band, which blister pack are aligned along a direction crosswise to the band longitudinal axis.
- Then, the series of blister packs must be transferred to the feeding line of the packaging machine, which introduces the blister packs in suitable boxes.
- According to traditional solutions, the feeding line of the packaging machine is disposed in longitudinal alignment with the outlet line of the blistering machine. This solution can cause problems due to the resulting overall dimensions of the machine.
- According to other solutions, the positioning of the packaging machine is rigid, as it is imposed by the disposition of the line connecting the packaging machine with the blistering machine.
- Another reported drawback derives from the fact that during the transferring, it is not possible to maintain positive control of the position of the single transferred blister packs, e.g. to reject possible defective blister packs.
- It is therefore necessary provide solutions to these problems, which are otherwise complicated and expensive.
- It is an object of the present invention to propose a device, which allows series of blister packs to be automatically transferred from a cutting station to a feeding line of a packaging machine situated perpendicular to the outlet line for the blister packs coming from the cutting station, while maintaining the arrangement in a line and the positive control of the blister packs being transferred.
- Another object of the present invention is to propose a device, which has a constructively very simple and functional structure and which is versatile in relation to the type of blister packs to be transferred.
- The above mentioned objects are achieved by the features of the independent claim, while preferred features are defined in the dependent claims.
- The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to particular, non-limiting embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- Figure 1 shows a schematic top view of the proposed device for transferring blister packs to the feeding line of a packaging machine.
- With reference to the above Figure,
reference numeral 1 indicates the device for transferringblister packs 2 from acutting station 3 of a blistering machine to afeeding line 4 of a packaging machine. - In the case illustrated herein, in the
cutting station 3, a group of threeblister packs 2 are cut off from a blister band at each step, and are disposed in reciprocal alignment at the outlet area of thecutting station 3. - However, it is obvious that the number of blister packs being processed can be different, in relation to the needs.
- The transferring
device 1 includes a pick-upmember 5 for picking-upblister packs 2, which is aimed at withdrawing theblister packs 2 from the outlet area of thecutting station 3 and at transferring them to adjacent belt conveyor means 7, which are operated into continuous motion in the direction indicated with the arrow A. - The
conveyor belt 7 defines an active upper run extended horizontally in a direction parallel to the alignment axis of the group ofblister packs 2 at the outlet of thecutting station 3. - The
conveying belt 7 has a series of transversal lugs- 9, regularly spaced apart, between which respective spaces are defined for receivingblister packs 2 to be transferred to thefeeding line 4. - The pick-
up member 5 includes anarm 6 for gripping theblister packs 2, which reciprocates between a pick-up position, in which theblister packs 2 are picked-up from thecutting station 3, indicated withbroken line 6A, and a release position, in which theblister packs 2 are released onto theconveyor belt 7, disposed in aligned therewith. - A selective releasing
member 10 for selective releasing ofblister packs 2 is situated in the region corresponding to an area where the pick-upmember 5 releases theblister packs 2, above theconveyor belt 7. - The selective releasing
member 10 includes a pair oflateral plates 11 arranged longitudinally to theconveyor belt 7 for retention of theblister packs 2. - A plurality of
retractable support elements 12 extend symmetrically from theplates 11 and are operated selectively by respective actuator means, e.g. pneumatic, not shown. - As explained in detail in a Patent Application of the same Applicant, the selective releasing
member 10 extends longitudinally to theconveyor belt 7, so as to support theblister packs 2, released by the withdrawingmember 5, disposed in a line and supported on both sides by theretractable support elements 12, excluding a first blister pack situated at a foremost position along the forward movement direction A of theconveyor belt 7. - The first blister pack falls directly onto the
conveyor belt 7. - The
supports elements 12 can extend longitudinally, so as to support all the blister packs released by the withdrawingmember 5. - On request, one or at most two printing heads, indicated with
broken line 13, e.g. ink-jet heads, can be situated downstream of the selective releasingmember 10, along the forward movement direction A of theconveyor belt 7. - The
blister packs 2, conveyed on theconveyor belt 7 are transferred one by one to thefeeding line 4 of the packaging machine, situated perpendicular to theconveyor belt 7, on the same horizontal plane by acarrousel 14, rotating stepwise. - The
carrousel 14 has a plurality ofradial arms 15 equipped withgripping means 16. The radial arms rotate on a vertical axis during the transferring step, so as to make the blister packs 2 counter-rotate to maintain unchanged their orientation. - The operation of the proposed device for transferring
blister packs 2 to thefeeding line 4 of the packaging machine includes substantially picking-up a group ofblister packs 2, aligned with one another, at thecutting station 3 of the blistering machine. - The gripping
arm 6 of the pick-upmember 5 is translated from theposition 6A, in which theblister packs 2 are picked-up, to the position, in which theblister packs 2 are released, disposed aligned with theconveyor belt 7. - The
blister packs 2 picked-up by the pick-up arm 6 are the released onto theretractable support elements 12 of the selective releasingmember 10, except for the first blister pack, situated in the foremost position, which falls directly onto theconveyor belt 7. - Then, in suitable time relation with the forward movement of the
conveyor belt 7,other blister packs 2, reciprocally aligned and orderly spaced apart, are released onto theconveyor belt 7, each one into a respective space defined between a pair of subsequenttransversal lugs 9 of theconveyor belt 7. - Otherwise, as already mentioned, the
support elements 12 can extend longitudinally, so as to receive also the first blister pack; the first, second and third blister packs are released onto theconveyor belt 7, situated below, by corresponding selective operation of thesupport elements 12. - In the outlet area of the
conveyor belt 7, theblister packs 2 are picked-up one by one by the gripping means 16 of thecarrousel 14 and transferred to thefeeding line 4 of the packaging machine, situated perpendicular to theconveyor belt 7. - The rotation by 90° of the gripping means 16 during the transferring step, in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the
carrousel 14, makes theblister packs 2 counter-rotate, which allows the original orientation of theblister packs 2 to be maintained unchanged on thefeeding line 4. - Therefore, the proposed device fulfills the object to transfer blister packs automatically in series from the cutting station of the blistering machine to a feeding line of the packaging machine, situated perpendicular, maintaining the arrangement in line and the positive control of the transferred blister packs.
- In the example illustrated herein, the
feeding line 4 is perpendicular to theconveyor belt 7; it is understood that the angle between theline 4 and thebelt 7 can be different than 90°. - The angular arrangement, advantageously at 90°, of the
belt 7 and theline 4, allows the operator to position the packaging machine in most suitable way, with consequent optimizing of the spaces. - Summarizing, according to the prior art, the
belt 7 and theline 4 are either aligned or arranged along an unavoidably predetermined path, which is an evident limitation for the positioning of the packaging machine with respect to the blistering machine. - The proposed solution overcomes this limitation and brings about all the consequent advantages.
Claims (7)
- Device for transferring blister packs and the like from a cutting station to the feeding line of a packaging machine, characterized in that it includes conveyor means (7) disposed adjacent to the cutting station (3) for cutting blister packs (2); pick-up means (5) for picking-up a series of blister packs (2) disposed in reciprocal alignment at said cutting station (3), and placing said series of blister packs (2) in alignment with said conveyor means (7); blister packs (2) selective releasing means (10) situated above said conveyor means (7) and equipped with support elements (12) designed for receiving said blister packs (2) picked-up by said pick-up means (5) and operated selectively to release said blister packs (2), disposed in reciprocal alignment and orderly spaced apart, onto said conveyor means (7); a mechanism (14) disposed at the outlet of said conveyor means (7) and equipped with gripping means (16) capable of picking-up said blister packs (2) from said conveyor means (7) and transferring said blister packs (2) one by one to the feeding line (4) of a packaging machine, which is disposed at a selected angle with respect to said conveyor means (7).
- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said feeding line (4) is arranged perpendicular with respect to said conveyor means (7).
- Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said conveyor means (7) include a series of transverse lugs (9) set regularly spaced apart, among which respective spaces are defined for receiving respective blister packs (2) released by said selective releasing means (10).
- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said pick-up means (5) include a blister packs (2) gripping arm (6) reciprocating between a pick-up position (6A), in which it picks-up blister packs (2) from said cutting station (3), and a release position, in which it releases said blister packs (2) onto said conveyor means (7) in alignment therewith.
- Device according to claim 1, further including a printing head situated downstream of said selective releasing means (10), considering a forward movement (A) of said conveyor means (7), said printing head being provided for printing on said blister packs (2) while advancing along said conveyor means arranged in a line.
- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said gripping means (16) can rotate about a vertical axis so as to cause said blister packs (2) to counter-rotate while being transferred so as to maintain unchanged the orientation of the same blister packs (2) on the feeding line (4).
- Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the counter-rotate movement of said gripping means (16) extends through an angle of 90°.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITBO20010677 | 2001-11-06 | ||
IT2001BO000677A ITBO20010677A1 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2001-11-06 | DEVICE FOR THE TRANSFER OF BLISTER AND SIMILAR PACKAGES FROM A SHEARING STATION TO THE SUPPLY LINE OF A MACHINE C |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1308389A1 true EP1308389A1 (en) | 2003-05-07 |
EP1308389B1 EP1308389B1 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
Family
ID=11439674
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02024910A Expired - Lifetime EP1308389B1 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2002-11-05 | Device for transferring blister packs and the like from a cutting station to the feeding line of a packaging machine |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6752257B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1308389B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60222982T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2295277T3 (en) |
IT (1) | ITBO20010677A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1972559A1 (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2008-09-24 | B. Longobardi Srl. | A loading device for packaging trays, in particular trays for packaging fruit products, and a machine for packaging articles comprising the loading device |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1800645A1 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2007-06-27 | Körber AG | Package for medicinal products and the like |
CN106770295B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2021-11-19 | 楚天智能机器人(长沙)有限公司 | Blanking detection method and device for blister machine |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0466660A1 (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1992-01-15 | I.M.A. INDUSTRIA MACCHINE AUTOMATICHE S.p.A. | Device for transferring blister packs from a cutting station to a blister pack infeed conveyor |
FR2692869A1 (en) * | 1992-06-30 | 1993-12-31 | Cazas Ets | Packaging machine for foodstuffs - uses rotating head with two arms moving through 90 degrees in alternate directions between parallel supply conveyors and evacuation conveyor |
DE4333186A1 (en) * | 1992-10-14 | 1994-04-21 | Wrapmatic Spa | Transport storage system for blister packs - has gripper unit with two gripper sets associated with suction head and mounted above vertically aligned magazine. |
US6070385A (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 2000-06-06 | I.M.A. Industria Macchine Automatiche S.P.A. | Device for transferring blister packs from a working station to a packaging line |
WO2000068086A1 (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 2000-11-16 | I.M.A. Industria Macchine Automatiche S.P.A. | Method and device for transferring blister packs from a cutting station to a blister packs conveying line |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1242533B (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1994-05-16 | Ima Spa | DEVICE FOR THE TRANSFER OF TABLETS, IN PARTICULAR BLISTERS, FROM A TRANSPORT LINE OF THE SAME TABLETS TO A WAREHOUSE, AND VICEVERSA. |
IL113694A0 (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1995-08-31 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Prod | Apparatus for removing and transporting articles from molds |
US5578331A (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1996-11-26 | Vision Products, Inc. | Automated apparatus for preparing contact lenses for inspection and packaging |
US6012471A (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 2000-01-11 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Products, Inc. | Automated method and apparatus for single sided hydration of soft contact lenses in package carriers |
IT1292841B1 (en) * | 1997-04-08 | 1999-02-11 | Azionaria Costruzioni Acma Spa | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE ALIGNMENT OF PRODUCTS. |
JP4262321B2 (en) * | 1998-01-26 | 2009-05-13 | 大森機械工業株式会社 | PTP package transporter |
DE19902453A1 (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2000-07-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Arrangement for inserting objects, especially blister strips, in folding boxes has insertion rod, covering tongue, servo motor(s) producing insertion pin, covering tongue movements |
IT1308596B1 (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 2002-01-08 | Ronchi Mario S R L | AUTOMATIC MACHINE FOR THE REVERSE OF CONTAINERS AND SIMILAR |
DE19952007A1 (en) * | 1999-10-28 | 2001-05-10 | Indag Gmbh | Bag handling device |
US6364089B1 (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2002-04-02 | National Semiconductor Corporation | Multi-station rotary die handling device |
-
2001
- 2001-11-06 IT IT2001BO000677A patent/ITBO20010677A1/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-11-05 DE DE60222982T patent/DE60222982T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-05 EP EP02024910A patent/EP1308389B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-05 ES ES02024910T patent/ES2295277T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-05 US US10/288,090 patent/US6752257B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0466660A1 (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1992-01-15 | I.M.A. INDUSTRIA MACCHINE AUTOMATICHE S.p.A. | Device for transferring blister packs from a cutting station to a blister pack infeed conveyor |
FR2692869A1 (en) * | 1992-06-30 | 1993-12-31 | Cazas Ets | Packaging machine for foodstuffs - uses rotating head with two arms moving through 90 degrees in alternate directions between parallel supply conveyors and evacuation conveyor |
DE4333186A1 (en) * | 1992-10-14 | 1994-04-21 | Wrapmatic Spa | Transport storage system for blister packs - has gripper unit with two gripper sets associated with suction head and mounted above vertically aligned magazine. |
US6070385A (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 2000-06-06 | I.M.A. Industria Macchine Automatiche S.P.A. | Device for transferring blister packs from a working station to a packaging line |
WO2000068086A1 (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 2000-11-16 | I.M.A. Industria Macchine Automatiche S.P.A. | Method and device for transferring blister packs from a cutting station to a blister packs conveying line |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1972559A1 (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2008-09-24 | B. Longobardi Srl. | A loading device for packaging trays, in particular trays for packaging fruit products, and a machine for packaging articles comprising the loading device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE60222982T2 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
EP1308389B1 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
ITBO20010677A1 (en) | 2003-05-06 |
US6752257B2 (en) | 2004-06-22 |
ES2295277T3 (en) | 2008-04-16 |
DE60222982D1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
US20030085101A1 (en) | 2003-05-08 |
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