EP1301662B1 - Method for grinding a rail and device for carrying out said method - Google Patents

Method for grinding a rail and device for carrying out said method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1301662B1
EP1301662B1 EP01984253A EP01984253A EP1301662B1 EP 1301662 B1 EP1301662 B1 EP 1301662B1 EP 01984253 A EP01984253 A EP 01984253A EP 01984253 A EP01984253 A EP 01984253A EP 1301662 B1 EP1301662 B1 EP 1301662B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rail
grinding wheel
grinding
several
running surface
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EP01984253A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1301662A1 (en
Inventor
Johann Knoll
Walter Neubauer
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Linsinger Maschinenbau GmbH
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Linsinger Maschinenbau GmbH
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01BPERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B31/00Working rails, sleepers, baseplates, or the like, in or on the line; Machines, tools, or auxiliary devices specially designed therefor
    • E01B31/02Working rail or other metal track components on the spot
    • E01B31/12Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails
    • E01B31/17Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails by grinding

Definitions

  • the invention aims to avoid these disadvantages and difficulties and has as its object to provide a method of the type described above, which on the one hand allows sufficient for rails material removal in a single passage for the entire section to be ground and on the other hand prevents overheating of the rail material. Furthermore, the grinding wheel should have a sufficient life, u.zw. despite high performance, i. despite the large rail length cut per unit time.
  • Fig. 1 and 2 show a device according to the invention, which is arranged stationary and at which the rail to be processed 1 is moved past.
  • Fig. 3 represents a device according to the invention, which is installed in a mobile device, such as a locomotive, so that with this device already laid rails can be edited.
  • the device according to the invention is duplicated, so that both the left and the right rail can be finished with a crossing finished.
  • the mutually equal parts and facilities of the stationary device and the mobile device are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the axis 21 of the grinding wheel 12 can expediently be arranged so as to be adjustable on the device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Feeding Of Workpieces (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Optical Head (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for grinding at least the running surface of a rail ( 1 ), especially of a railway rail, by producing a relative movement between a grinding wheel ( 12 ) having a profile that mates the profile of the running surface, and a rail ( 1 ) in the longitudinal direction thereof. The aim of the invention is to avoid an overheating when large amounts of material are removed. To this end, the axis ( 21 ) of the grinding wheel ( 12 ) includes, with a plane ( 22 ) that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail ( 1 ), an angle alpha that deviates from 0°.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Fräsen und Schleifen mindestens des Fahrspiegels einer Schiene, insbesondere einer Eisenbahnschiene.The invention relates to a method for milling and grinding at least the driving mirror of a rail, in particular a railroad track.

Zum Schleifen des den Fahrspiegel aufweisenden konvexen Querprofiles einer Schiene, wie einer Eisenbahnschiene, ist es bekannt, Topfscheiben einzusetzen. Hierbei gelingt es jedoch nur, bei einem Durchgang eine schmale Spur zu schleifen, so daß eine Vielzahl von Überfahrten der Schleifscheibe an der Schiene durchgeführt werden müssen. Diese Vielzahl der Überfahrten bedingt Ungenauigkeiten, da die bei jeder Überfahrt hergestellte Spur nicht genau zur vorher geschliffenen Spur ausgerichtet werden kann. Zudem ergibt sich eine hohe Lärmbelästigung und bei Trockenheit eine Brandgefahr durch Funkenflug.For grinding the driving mirror having convex cross profile of a rail, such as a railway rail, it is known to use cup wheels. In this case, however, it is only possible to grind a narrow track in one pass, so that a large number of passes of the grinding wheel on the rail must be performed. This variety of crossings causes inaccuracies, since the track produced at each crossing can not be aligned exactly with the previously ground track. In addition, there is a high level of noise and drought a risk of fire by flying sparks.

Es ist weiters bekannt, das den Fahrspiegel aufweisende konvexe Querprofil des Schienenkopfes mittels Stirnschleifscheiben zu bearbeiten, wobei die Schleifscheibe das gewünschte Profil des Schienenkopfes aufweist und so ausgerichtet ist, daß ihre Achse senkrecht steht zur Längssymmetrieebene der Schiene. Hierbei tritt jedoch der Nachteil auf, daß ein Schleifabtrag nahe den Seitenbereichen des Schienenkopfes, d.h. nahe der Fahrkante, nur beschränkt möglich ist, da hier die Schleifscheibe nur einen ungünstigen Eingriffswinkel der Schleifkörner mit dem Nachteil des Überhitzens des Schienen werkstoffes ermöglicht. Will man diesen Nachteil ausschalten, ist man gezwungen, das Abtragsvolumen pro Zeiteinheit zu reduzieren, was jedoch wiederum eine Mehrzahl von Überfahrten bzw. Schleifvorgängen für ein- und dieselbe zu schleifende Fläche an der Schiene erfordert.It is also known to machine the traveling mirror having convex transverse profile of the rail head by Stirnschleifscheiben, wherein the grinding wheel has the desired profile of the rail head and is oriented so that its axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the rail. However, there is a disadvantage that a grinding abrasion near the side portions of the rail head, i. near the driving edge, only limited possible, since here the grinding wheel only allows an unfavorable pressure angle of the abrasive grains with the disadvantage of overheating of the rail material. If you want to eliminate this disadvantage, you are forced to reduce the removal volume per unit of time, which in turn requires a plurality of crossings or grinding operations for one and the same surface to be ground on the rail.

Gemäß der DE 44 37 585 C1 , der EP 0 843 043 A1 und der US 4,583,327 A werden Schleifkörper, d.h. Schleifscheiben, gegen die Laufflächen einer Schiene bewegt und mittels Andrückzylinder mit einer vorgegebenen konstanten Andrückkraft gegen die Lauffläche gedrückt. Eine Schleiftiefenregelung ist nicht vorgesehen.According to the DE 44 37 585 C1 , of the EP 0 843 043 A1 and the US 4,583,327 A grinding wheels, ie grinding wheels, moved against the running surfaces of a rail and pressed by means of pressure cylinder with a predetermined constant pressure against the tread. A grinding depth control is not provided.

Gemäß der EP 0 843 043 A1 und der US 4,583,327 A dienen Pneumatikzylinder zur Durchführung einer vertikalen Bewegung der Schleifscheiben gegen die Schiene und zwar unter Anliegen einer Seitenführung bzw. "Slides". Weitere Druckmittelzylinder dienen dazu, Deformationen der horizontalen Oberfläche der Schiene auszugleichen bzw. dazu einen Subrahmen, an dem die Schleifscheiben gelagert sind, zu bewegen um einen Schleifdruck einzustellen. Gemäß der US 4,583,327 A ist es bekannt, Topfscheiben gemeinsam mit einer bestimmten Kraft gegen den Fahrspiegel einer Schiene oder einzeln unter Einstellung einer bestimmten Motorlast für jede der Topfscheiben gegen die Schiene zu pressen, wobei keine weitere Führung bzw. kein Anschlag gegen die Schiene vorgesehen ist.According to the EP 0 843 043 A1 and the US 4,583,327 A Serve pneumatic cylinder to carry out a vertical movement of the grinding wheels against the rail and that concerns a side guide or "slides". Further pressure cylinder serve to compensate for deformations of the horizontal surface of the rail or to move a sub-frame on which the grinding wheels are mounted to adjust a grinding pressure. According to the US 4,583,327 A It is known, cup wheels together with a certain force against the driving mirror of a rail or individually with setting a certain engine load for each of the cup wheels against the rail to press, with no further guidance or no stop against the rail is provided.

Die Erfindung bezweckt die Vermeidung dieser Nachteile und Schwierigkeiten und stellt sich die Aufgabe, ein Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Art zu schaffen, welches einerseits einen für Schienen ausreichenden Materialabtrag in einem Durchgang für den gesamten zu schleifenden Querschnitt ermöglicht und andererseits eine Überhitzung des Schienenmaterials verhindert. Weiters soll die Schleifscheibe eine ausreichende Standzeit aufweisen, u.zw. trotz hoher Leistungsfähigkeit, d.h. trotz großer pro Zeiteinheit geschliffener Schienenlänge.The invention aims to avoid these disadvantages and difficulties and has as its object to provide a method of the type described above, which on the one hand allows sufficient for rails material removal in a single passage for the entire section to be ground and on the other hand prevents overheating of the rail material. Furthermore, the grinding wheel should have a sufficient life, u.zw. despite high performance, i. despite the large rail length cut per unit time.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen sind in den Unteransprüchen 2 bis 21 näher gekennzeichnet.Preferred embodiments are characterized in detail in the subclaims 2 to 21.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens mit

  • einer Fräseinheit mit einem Umfangsfräser und
  • einer Schleifeinheit umfassend:
  • eine Schleifscheibe,
  • eine Einrichtung zum Erzeugen einer Relativbewegung zwischen einer Schiene und der Schleifscheibe in Längsrichtung der Schiene,
  • einen Schteifscheibenantrieb und
  • eine Lagerung der Achse der Schleifscheibe in einer Richtung abweichend von einer senkrecht zur Längsrichtung der Schiene gelegten Ebene und
  • eine an den Fahrspiegel der Schiene anpreßbare Führung,
  • eine unabhängig von der Führung einstellbare Schleiftiefenregelung und
  • eine Einrichtung zum Nachstellen der Schleifscheibe in Abhängigkeit der Abnützung in Richtung zur Schiene vorgesehen ist, welche Einrichtung vorzugsweise eine Meßeinrichtung zur Ermittlung des Schleifscheibendurchmessers aufweist.
A device for carrying out the method with
  • a milling unit with a peripheral cutter and
  • a grinding unit comprising:
  • a grinding wheel,
  • a device for generating a relative movement between a rail and the grinding wheel in the longitudinal direction of the rail,
  • a Schteifscheibenantrieb and
  • a bearing of the axis of the grinding wheel in a direction deviating from a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail plane and
  • a guide which can be pressed against the travel mirror of the rail,
  • an independent of the leadership adjustable grinding depth control and
  • a device for adjusting the grinding wheel is provided depending on the wear in the direction of the rail, which device preferably has a measuring device for determining the grinding wheel diameter.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Vorrichtung sind in den Unteransprüchen 23 bis 33 enthalten.Preferred embodiments of the device are contained in the dependent claims 23 to 33.

Die Erfindung ist nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung an zwei Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert, wobei Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und Fig. 2 eine schematische Draufsicht in Richtung des Pfeiles II der Fig. 1 veranschaulichen. Fig. 3 zeigt eine Variante der Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Fig. 4 zeigt den Querschnitt durch eine Eisenbahnschiene in verschiedenen Zuständen der Schiene. Fig. 5 zeigt den Eingriff der Schleifscheibe gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren auf einer Eisenbahnschiene, die im Querschnitt veranschaulicht ist.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing of two embodiments, wherein Fig. 1 a side view of an apparatus for performing the method according to the invention and Fig. 2 a schematic plan view in the direction of Arrows II of the Fig. 1 illustrate. Fig. 3 shows a variant of the apparatus for performing the method according to the invention. Fig. 4 shows the cross section through a railroad track in different states of the rail. Fig. 5 shows the engagement of the grinding wheel according to the inventive method on a railway rail, which is illustrated in cross section.

In Fig. 4 ist der Querschnitt einer Schiene 1 in verschiedenen Zuständen veranschaulicht. Der am Schienensteg 2 sitzende Schienenkopf 3 weist einen den Fahrspiegel 4, an dem das Laufrad eines Schienenfahrzeuges abläuft, aufweisenden konvexen Querschnittsteil 5 auf, der im Neuzustand durch die Linie A veranschaulicht ist. Durch Abnützung erhält dieser konvexe Teil 5 des Querschnittes des Schienenkopfes 3 die durch die Linie B veranschaulichte Form. Sobald die Schiene 1 diesen Zustand aufweist oder auch schon für Hochgeschwindigkeitsschienen entsprechend früher, erfolgt eine Nachbearbeitung der Schiene 1, so daß der konvexe Teil 5 des Schienenkopfes 3, zumindest jedoch der Fahrspiegel 4, wiederum den ursprünglichen Zustand, d.h. die ursprüngliche Querschnittsform - veranschaulicht durch die Linie C - in möglichst guter Annäherung erreicht. Hierbei sind je nach Vorschrift eines Eisenbahnbetreibers oder einer Eisenbahngesellschaft oder einer überregionalen Norm, wie z.B, cen DRAFT pr EN 13674-1, bestimmte Toleranzen einzuhalten, die in der Größenordnung von 1 bis 3 Zehntelmillimeter liegen. Wesentlich hierbei ist, daß die Fahrkante 6 der Schiene 1 und der Fahrspiegel 4 nachbearbeitet werden.In Fig. 4 the cross section of a rail 1 is illustrated in different states. The rail head 3 seated on the rail web 2 has a convex cross-section part 5, which has the traveling mirror 4, on which the running wheel of a rail vehicle runs, and which is illustrated by the line A when new. By wearing this convex part 5 of the cross section of the rail head 3 receives the illustrated by the line B shape. Once the rail 1 has this state or even earlier for high-speed rails earlier, a reworking of the rail 1, so that the convex part 5 of the rail head 3, but at least the driving mirror 4, in turn, the original state, ie the original cross-sectional shape - illustrated by the line C - reached as close as possible. Depending on the requirements of a railway operator or a railway company or a supraregional standard, such as, for example, cen DRAFT pr EN 13674-1, to comply with certain tolerances of the order of 1 to 3 tenths of a millimeter. It is essential here that the running edge 6 of the rail 1 and the driving mirror 4 are reworked.

Bei alten Schienen mit verschlissenem Schienenkopfprofil soll das Schienenkopfprofil reprofiliert werden, wofür das erfindungsgemäße Fräsen und Schleifen vorgesehen sind. Bei neuen Schienen ist es zweckmäßig, die Walzhaut zu entfernen, um bessere Laufeigenschaften, eine längere Lebensdauer und eine Lärmminderung zu erzielen; hierfür genügt der erfindungsgemäße Schleifvorgang ohne vorhergehendes Fräsen.In old rails with worn rail head profile, the rail head profile is to be reprofiled, for which the milling and grinding according to the invention are provided. For new rails, it is appropriate to remove the mill scale for better running, longer life and noise reduction; For this purpose, the grinding process according to the invention without previous milling is sufficient.

Wie aus Fig. 4 zu ersehen ist, muß - je nach Abnutzung der Schiene - relativ viel Material abgetragen werden, was wiederum, um den Schienenverkehr möglichst wenig zu behindern, bei verlegten Schienen möglichst schnell und preiswert durchzuführen ist.How out Fig. 4 can be seen, must - depending on the wear of the rail - relatively much material to be removed, which in turn, in order to impede the rail traffic as little as possible, is carried out as quickly and inexpensively laid rails.

Die Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung, die stationär angeordnet ist und an der die zu bearbeitende Schiene 1 vorbeibewegt wird. Fig. 3 stellt eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung dar, die in einer fahrbaren Einrichtung, wie einer Lokomotive, eingebaut ist, so daß mit dieser Vorrichtung bereits verlegte Schienen bearbeitet werden können. Hierbei ist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung doppelt vorhanden, so daß sowohl die linke als auch die rechte Schiene mit einer Überfahrt fertig bearbeitet werden können. Die untereinander gleichen Teile und Einrichtungen der stationären Einrichtung sowie der fahrbaren Vorrichtung sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.The Fig. 1 and 2 show a device according to the invention, which is arranged stationary and at which the rail to be processed 1 is moved past. Fig. 3 represents a device according to the invention, which is installed in a mobile device, such as a locomotive, so that with this device already laid rails can be edited. Here, the device according to the invention is duplicated, so that both the left and the right rail can be finished with a crossing finished. The mutually equal parts and facilities of the stationary device and the mobile device are provided with the same reference numerals.

Mit 7 ist eine Fräseinheit bezeichnet, deren Fräser 8 als Umfangsfräser ausgebildet ist. Dieser Fräser 8 ist über einen Antriebsmotor 9 und ein Getriebe 10 antreibbar, wobei die Drehrichtung so gewählt ist, daß die Schiene 1 im Gleichlauffräsverfahren bearbeitet wird. Unmittelbar benachbart zur Fräseinheit 7 ist eine Schleifeinheit 11 vorgesehen, deren Schleifscheibe 12 mittels eines Antriebs 13 antreibbar ist, u.zw. vorzugsweise ebenfalls in der Drehrichtung wie der Fräser 8, so daß ein Gleichlaufschleifen an der Schiene 1 durchgeführt wird. Die Schleifscheibe 12 ist mit einer Schleiftiefenregelung 14 ausgestattet, so daß die Schleifscheibe 12 kontinuierlich entsprechend ihrer Abnutzung an die Schiene 1 nachgestellt werden kann. Diese Schleiftiefenregelung 14 umfaßt eine Meßeinrichtung zum Messen des sich kontinuierlich verringernden Durchmessers des Umfanges der Schleifscheibe 12; sie kann auch auf Meßdaten von Messungen des Antriebsmomentes zurückgreifen.7 with a milling unit is designated, the cutter 8 is formed as a peripheral cutter. This cutter 8 is driven by a drive motor 9 and a gear 10, wherein the direction of rotation is selected so that the rail 1 is processed in the same milling. Immediately adjacent to the milling unit 7, a grinding unit 11 is provided, the grinding wheel 12 is driven by means of a drive 13, u.zw. preferably also in the direction of rotation as the cutter 8, so that a constant velocity grinding on the rail 1 is performed. The grinding wheel 12 is provided with a grinding depth control 14, so that the grinding wheel 12 can be adjusted continuously according to their wear on the rail 1. This grinding depth control 14 comprises a measuring device for measuring the continuously decreasing diameter of the circumference of the grinding wheel 12; It can also rely on measurement data from measurements of the drive torque.

Sowohl die Frässpäne als auch die Schleifspäne bzw. der Schleifstaub werden unmittelbar nach ihrem Entstehen abgesaugt, u.zw. über Absaugeinrichtungen 15 und 16.Both the milling chips and the grinding chips or the grinding dust are sucked immediately after their emergence, u.zw. via suction devices 15 and 16.

Unmittelbar vor der Fräseinheit 7 und unmittelbar nach der Schleifeinheit 11 sind jeweils Führungen 17 für die Schiene 1 vorgesehen, gegen die die Schiene 1 mittels Unterstützungsrollen 18 preßbar ist, wobei zumindest der Fahrspiegel 4 der Schiene 1, vorzugsweise der Scheitel des Schienenkopfes 3, preßbar ist. Weiters sind entlang der Vorrichtung beidseitig am Schienenkopf 3 angreifende Seitenführungsrollen 19 vorgesehen, wobei die an Seite der Fahrkante 6 der Schiene 1 anliegenden Seitenführungsrollen 19 in ihrer Lage fixiert sind. Die Schiene wird von den an der gegenüberliegenden Seite anliegenden Seitenführungsrollen 19 gegen die fixierten Seitenführungsrollen 19 gepreßt, wodurch die Schiene 1 eine exakte Lage gegenüber der Fräseinheit und Schleifeinheit einnimmt.Immediately before the milling unit 7 and immediately after the grinding unit 11 guides 17 are provided for the rail 1 against which the rail 1 can be pressed by means of support rollers 18, wherein at least the driving mirror 4 of the rail 1, preferably the vertex of the rail head 3, can be pressed , Furthermore, along the device on both sides of the rail head 3 attacking side guide rollers 19 are provided, wherein the voltage applied to side of the running edge 6 of the rail 1 side guide rollers 19 are fixed in position. The rail is pressed by the voltage applied to the opposite side side guide rollers 19 against the fixed side guide rollers 19, whereby the rail 1 assumes an exact position relative to the milling unit and grinding unit.

Zwischen der Fräseinheit 7 und der Schleifeinheit 11 ist eine weitere Führung 20 vorgesehen, die mit einer Dämpfung versehen ist, um vom Fräser verursachte Schwingungen an der Schiene 1 zu eliminieren.Between the milling unit 7 and the grinding unit 11, a further guide 20 is provided, which is provided with a damping in order to eliminate vibrations caused by the cutter on the rail 1.

Wie insbesondere aus Fig. 2 zu ersehen ist, ist die Achse 21 der Schleifscheibe gegenüber einer senkrecht zur Längsrichtung der Schiene gelegten Ebene 22 um einen Winkel α geneigt, der größer ist als 0, vorzugsweise zwischen 1 und 20° liegt, u.zw. jeweils in Abhängigkeit des vor dem Schleifen vorhandenen Zustandes der Schiene 1. Weist der Schienenkopf 3 bereits vor dem Schleifen einen durch Fräsen dem idealen Querschnitt nahekommenden Querschnitt auf, oder ist die Schiene 1 im Neuzustand noch mit einer Walzhaut versehen, so liegt der Winkel α zweckmäßig zwischen 5 und 12°, idealerweise bei 8°. Ist der Vorzustand des Querschnittes jedoch weniger genau dem idealen Querschnittsprofil angepaßt, z.B. nur grob geschruppt, so ist zur Sicherstellung eines optimalen Zerspanungsvolumens bei großer Standzeit der Schleifscheibe ein kleinerer Winkel α, vorzugsweise zwischen 1 und 6°, zweckmäßig.As in particular from Fig. 2 can be seen, the axis 21 of the grinding wheel is inclined relative to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail 22 by an angle α which is greater than 0, preferably between 1 and 20 °, u.zw. in each case depending on the state of the rail present before grinding. If the rail head 3 already has a cross-section close to the ideal cross-section before grinding, or if the rail 1 is still provided with a rolling skin when new, then the angle α is expedient between 5 and 12 °, ideally at 8 °. However, if the pre-condition of the cross-section is less closely matched to the ideal cross-sectional profile, eg only roughly roughed, a smaller angle α, preferably between 1 and 6 °, is expedient for ensuring an optimum chipping volume with a long service life of the grinding wheel.

Die Schleifscheibe 12 ist im Neuzustand bereits vorprofiliert, d.h. sie weist etwa das Gegenprofil zur Schiene 1 auf. Um dieses Gegenprofil exakt herzustellen, ist vorteilhaft eine Abzieheinrichtung 23 mit einem Abziehstein 24, vorgesehen, der gegen den Umfang der Schleifscheibe 12 preßbar ist. Dieser Abziehstein weist genau das gewünschte herzustellende Profil auf und er schließt mit der Schleifscheibe ebenfalls den Winkel α ein. Dieser Abziehstein 24 wird vor Beginn des Schleifens der ersten Schiene 1 gegen die Schleifscheibe 12 gepreßt, bis diese dessen Profil angenommen hat.The grinding wheel 12 is already pre-profiled in the new state, ie it has approximately the counter profile to the rail 1. In order to produce this counter profile exactly, it is advantageous to provide a stripper 23 with a honing stone 24, which can be pressed against the circumference of the grinding wheel 12. This Abziehstein has exactly the desired profile to be produced and he also closes the angle α with the grinding wheel. This Abziehstein 24 is pressed against the grinding wheel 12 before the beginning of the grinding of the first rail 1 until it has adopted its profile.

Während des Schleifens der Schiene 1 kann der Abziehstein 24 von der Schleifscheibe 12 abgehoben werden, denn die Schleifscheibe profiliert sich selbst am Vorprofil; d.h. an der gefrästen Schienenkopffläche bzw. an der noch mit der Walzhaut versehenen Schienenkopfoberfläche. Der Abziehstein kann gegebenenfalls zur zeitweiligen Schärfung an die Schleifscheibe 12 während des Bearbeitens eines Schienenkopfes 3 an die Schleifscheibe 12 angestellt werden.During the grinding of the rail 1, the honing stone 24 can be lifted off the grinding wheel 12, because the grinding wheel profiled itself on the preliminary profile; i.e. on the milled rail head surface or on the still provided with the mill scale rail head surface. The whetstone may optionally be employed for temporary sharpening on the grinding wheel 12 during the machining of a rail head 3 to the grinding wheel 12.

Zur Einstellung eines genauen Gegenprofiles der Schleifscheibe 12 kann auch die Schiene 1, sofern sie hinreichend genau gefräst ist oder noch die Walzhaut aufweist, herangezogen werden.To set an exact Gegenprofiles the grinding wheel 12 and the rail 1, if it is milled sufficiently accurate or still has the rolling skin, are used.

Wenn, wie beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel, eine gefräste Schienenkopfoberfläche geschliffen wird, so hat die profilierte Schleifscheibe 12 vorrangig nur noch die Aufgabe, die vom Fräser 8 erzeugten Wellen zu glätten und ein Längsschleifbild zu erzeugen.If, as in the illustrated embodiment, a milled rail head surface is ground, the profiled grinding wheel 12 has primarily only the task to smooth the waves generated by the cutter 8 and to produce a longitudinal grinding pattern.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Schrägstellen der Schleifscheibe 12 ergeben sich besonders gute Eingriffsbedingungen und ein hoher Glätteffekt. Der Eingriff der schräg gestellten Schleifscheibe 12 ist in Fig. 5 veranschaulicht. Es ist zu erkennen, daß die Schrägstellung einen günstigen Eingriffswinkel, insbesondere am Übergang des konvexen Teiles 5 des Schienenkopfes 3 in die Seitenflächen 25 des Schienenkopfes 3 ergibt. Diese günstigen Eingriffsbedingungen gestatten auch an diesen Stellen einen hinreichend großen Abtrag von Material bei sehr gutem thermischen Verhalten, so daß kein Brand auf der geschliffenen Fläche entstehen kann. Weiters ergibt sich hierdurch eine sehr gute Standzeit der Schleifscheibe 12.The inventive tilting of the grinding wheel 12 results in particularly good engagement conditions and a high smoothness effect. The engagement of the inclined grinding wheel 12 is in Fig. 5 illustrated. It can be seen that the inclination results in a favorable pressure angle, in particular at the transition of the convex part 5 of the rail head 3 in the side surfaces 25 of the rail head 3. These favorable conditions of engagement also allow at these points a sufficiently large removal of material with very good thermal behavior, so that no fire can occur on the ground surface. Furthermore, this results in a very good service life of the grinding wheel 12th

Es kann von Vorteil sein, wenn die Achse 21 der Schleifscheibe 12 gegenüber der Längs-Symmetriemittelebene 26 der Schiene ebenfalls geneigt ist, u.zw. um einen Winkel β, dessen Größe zwischen 1 und 20° liegen kann.It may be advantageous if the axis 21 of the grinding wheel 12 with respect to the longitudinal plane of symmetry plane 26 of the rail is also inclined, u.zw. by an angle β whose size can be between 1 and 20 °.

Sollen mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung unterschiedliche Schienenprofile bearbeitet werden, so kann zweckmäßig die Achse 21 der Schleifscheibe 12 an der Vorrichtung verstellbar angeordnet sein.If different rail profiles are to be machined with the device according to the invention, the axis 21 of the grinding wheel 12 can expediently be arranged so as to be adjustable on the device.

Gemäß der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform sind die Fräseinheit 7 und die Schleifeinheit 11 in einem Schienenfräszug 27 eingebaut. Der Fräser 8 und die Schleifscheibe 12 werden mittels Stelleinrichtungen 28 etwa vertikal gegen die Schiene 1 bewegt, bis die Führungen 17 und 20 am Schienenkopf 3 aufliegen. Eine Bewegung der Schleifeinheit 11 und der Fräseinheit 7 in seitlicher Richtung zur Fahrkante 6 ist ebenfalls möglich, bis Seitenführungsrollen 19 an dem Schienenkopf 3 anliegen.According to the in Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment, the milling unit 7 and the grinding unit 11 are installed in a Schienenfräszug 27. The cutter 8 and the grinding wheel 12 are moved approximately vertically by means of adjusting devices 28 against the rail 1 until the guides 17 and 20 rest on the rail head 3. A movement of Grinding unit 11 and the milling unit 7 in the lateral direction to the running edge 6 is also possible until side guide rollers 19 abut against the rail head 3.

Claims (33)

  1. A method of milling and grinding at least the running surface (4) of a rail (1), especially of a railway rail, by producing a relative motion between a grinding wheel (12) having a profile that mates the profile of the running surface and being driven by means of a motor (9) and a rail in the longitudinal direction thereof, with the axis of the grinding wheel and a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail including an angle α deviating from 0° and the grinding wheel (12) being moved against the rail (1) up to the point of engagement, wherein, after peripheral milling of the running surface, said movement - the grinding wheel (12) against the rail (1) - is restricted by means of a guide (17) which can be pressed against the milled running surface (4) of the rail (1) independently of regulating the depth of grinding, and wherein the grinding wheel (12) is readjusted, preferably automatically, in the direction toward the rail (1) by regulating the depth of grinding depending on the wear of the grinding wheel.
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding wheel (12) is movable in the direction against the guiding surface (6) of the rail (1), which movement is restricted by means of a guide (19) directed against the guiding surface (6) of the rail (1).
  3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the axis (21) of the grinding wheel (12) and the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail (1) include an angle α of between 1 and 20°C.
  4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle α ranges between 5 and 12°, ideally amounting to about 8°.
  5. A method according to one or several of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the axis (21) of the grinding wheel (12), with a cutting line of a plane of symmetry lying in the longitudinal direction of the rail (1), and the plane directed so as to be perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail (1) include an angle β of about 90°.
  6. A method according to one or several of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the angle β is smaller than 90° and greater than 70°, with said angle β being maintained on the side of the guiding surface (6) of the rail (1).
  7. A method according to one or several of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a roller skin present of the running surface (4) of the rail (1) is removed by means of the grinding operation.
  8. A method according to one or several of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a milled surface, which is present of the running surface (4) prior to grinding, is removed at least partially by means of the grinding operation.
  9. A method according to one or several of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the entire convex cross-profile (5) of the rail head, which cross-profile exhibits the running surface (4), is ground in addition to the running surface (4).
  10. A method according to one or several of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the depth of grinding is regulated by making use of measured values gained from measuring the diameter of the grinding wheel surface or by making use of measuring data gained from measuring the driving torque of the grinding wheel (12).
  11. A method according to one or several of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the grinding wheel (12) is profiled by means of a grinding stone (24), wherein the grinding stone (24) exhibits the profile of at least the running surface (4) of the rail (1) and its longitudinal direction, together with the grinding wheel (12), includes the same angle α and β as does the rail (1).
  12. A method according to claim 11, characterized in that before grinding of the running surface (4) of the rail (1) is started and, subsequently, during grinding, profiling is carried out only optionally and at larger time intervals.
  13. A method according to one or several of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the relative longitudinal motion between the rail (1) and the grinding wheel (12) is generated by longitudinally displacing the rail (1) relative to the grinding wheel (12).
  14. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that, immediately before the engagement of the grinding wheel (12), the rail (1) is pressed against a guide directed against the running surface (4) of the rail (1).
  15. A method according to claim 14, characterized in that the guide (17) is damped in order to avoid vibrations.
  16. A method according to one or several of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that, immediately before the engagement of the grinding wheel (12), the rail (1) is pressed against a lateral guide (19) directed against the guiding surface (6) of the rail (1).
  17. A method according to one or several of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that, immediately upon the engagement of the grinding wheel (12), the rail (1) is pressed against a further guide (17) directed toward the running surface (4) of the rail.
  18. A method according to one or several of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that, immediately upon the engagement of the grinding wheel (12), the rail (1) is pressed against a lateral guide (19) directed against the guiding surface (6) of the rail (1).
  19. A method according to one or several of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that, just upon their emergence, the grinding chips are sucked off.
  20. A method according to one or several of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that grinding is performed using the down-grinding method.
  21. A method according to one or several of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the relative longitudinal motion between the rail (1) and the grinding wheel (12) is performed by longitudinally moving the grinding wheel (12) along a laid rail (1).
  22. A device for carrying out the method according to one or several of claims 1 to 21, comprising:
    • a milling unit (7) comprising a peripheral milling cutter (8) and
    • a grinding unit (11) comprising:
    • a grinding wheel (12),
    • a means for generating a relative motion between a rail (1) and the grinding wheel (12) in the longitudinal direction of the rail,
    • a grinding wheel driving means (9), and
    • a positioning of the axis (21) of the grinding wheel (12) in a direction deviating from a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail (1), and
    • a guide (17) which can be pressed against the running surface (4) of the rail (1),
    • a grinding depth regulating system (14) which is adjustable independently of the guide (17), and
    • a means for readjusting the grinding wheel (12) in the direction toward the rail (1) depending on the wear, which means preferably has a measuring system for evaluating the diameter of the grinding wheel.
  23. A device according to claim 22, characterized in that the deviation α from the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail (1) amounts to between 1 and 20°.
  24. A device according to claim 23, characterized in that the deviation α amounts to from 5 to 12°, preferably to about 8°.
  25. A device according to one or several of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that the positioning of the axis (21) of the grinding wheel (12) is displaceable from a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail (1) in order to adjust different deviations.
  26. A device according to one or several of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the positioning of the axis (21) of the grinding wheel (12) is configured such that the axis (21) of the grinding wheel (12), with a cutting line of a plane of symmetry lying in the longitudinal direction of the rail (1), and the plane directed so as to be perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail (1) include an angle β of about 90°.
  27. A device according to one or several of claims 22 to 26, characterized by a grinding stone (24) which has the profile of at least the running surface (4) of the rail (1) and the longitudinal direction of which includes the same angle α and β against the grinding wheel (12) as does the rail (1).
  28. A device according to one or several of claims 22 to 27, characterized by a means for moving a rail (1) past the grinding wheel (12) in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the rail.
  29. A device according to claim 28, characterized in that the means comprises a guide (17) directed against the running surface (4) of the rail (1) and a pressing facility (18) for pressing the rail (1) against said guide (17).
  30. A device according to claim 29, characterized in that the guide (17) is vibration-reduced.
  31. A device according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that a lateral guide (19) for the rail (1), which lateral guide is directed against the guiding surface (6) of the rail (1), as well as a pressing facility for pressing the rail against said lateral guide (19) are provided.
  32. A device according to one or several of claims 22 to 27, characterized in that the grinding wheel (12) is provided on a travelling means (27) displaceable along a laid rail (1).
  33. A device according to claim 32, characterized in that the travelling means (27) is provided with guides (17,19) restricting the engagement of the grinding wheel (12) approximately vertically and approximately horizontally and enganging the rail (1) at the running surface (4) and at the guiding surface (6).
EP01984253A 2000-07-17 2001-07-12 Method for grinding a rail and device for carrying out said method Expired - Lifetime EP1301662B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT12422000 2000-07-17
AT0124200A AT411912B (en) 2000-07-17 2000-07-17 METHOD FOR GRINDING A RAIL AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
PCT/AT2001/000233 WO2002006586A1 (en) 2000-07-17 2001-07-12 Method for grinding a rail and device for carrying out said method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1301662A1 EP1301662A1 (en) 2003-04-16
EP1301662B1 true EP1301662B1 (en) 2008-02-13

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Family Applications (1)

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EP01984253A Expired - Lifetime EP1301662B1 (en) 2000-07-17 2001-07-12 Method for grinding a rail and device for carrying out said method

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US (1) US6921319B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1301662B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004503699A (en)
KR (1) KR100851611B1 (en)
CN (2) CN1296562C (en)
AT (2) AT411912B (en)
AU (1) AU2002222947A1 (en)
DE (1) DE50113600D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2301568T3 (en)
HU (1) HU229327B1 (en)
PL (1) PL208718B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2272858C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2002006586A1 (en)

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ATE541092T1 (en) * 2008-10-20 2012-01-15 Schweerbau Gmbh & Co Kg METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MACHINING A WORKPIECE WITH A GEOMETRIC CUTTING EDGE
US8807097B2 (en) * 2010-01-27 2014-08-19 Cummins Filtration Ip Inc. Closed crankcase ventilation system
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT411912B (en) 2004-07-26
US20030143928A1 (en) 2003-07-31
US6921319B2 (en) 2005-07-26
PL365650A1 (en) 2005-01-10
EP1301662A1 (en) 2003-04-16
KR20030024789A (en) 2003-03-26
ES2301568T3 (en) 2008-07-01
HUP0301227A2 (en) 2003-08-28
CN1992025A (en) 2007-07-04
WO2002006586A1 (en) 2002-01-24
CN1296562C (en) 2007-01-24
AU2002222947A1 (en) 2002-01-30
CN1447869A (en) 2003-10-08
ATA12422000A (en) 2003-12-15
KR100851611B1 (en) 2008-08-12
PL208718B1 (en) 2011-06-30
HU229327B1 (en) 2013-11-28
DE50113600D1 (en) 2008-03-27
ATE386165T1 (en) 2008-03-15
RU2272858C2 (en) 2006-03-27
JP2004503699A (en) 2004-02-05

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