EP1296302A1 - System, Zentrale und Verfahren zur Verkehrsüberwachung - Google Patents

System, Zentrale und Verfahren zur Verkehrsüberwachung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1296302A1
EP1296302A1 EP02013090A EP02013090A EP1296302A1 EP 1296302 A1 EP1296302 A1 EP 1296302A1 EP 02013090 A EP02013090 A EP 02013090A EP 02013090 A EP02013090 A EP 02013090A EP 1296302 A1 EP1296302 A1 EP 1296302A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control unit
vehicle traffic
central control
traffic monitoring
monitoring central
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02013090A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Enrico Gianfranco c/o Alma Mater Studorium Campari
Giuseppe c/o Alma Mater Studorium Levi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Universita di Bologna
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Universita di Bologna
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Publication date
Application filed by Universita di Bologna filed Critical Universita di Bologna
Publication of EP1296302A1 publication Critical patent/EP1296302A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/04—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using optical or ultrasonic detectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle traffic monitoring system, central control unit, and method.
  • the present invention relates to a system for monitoring and forecasting rail, sea, or road traffic, to which the following description refers purely by way of example.
  • road traffic monitoring systems feature a number of detecting devices arranged in a predetermined manner along the roads for monitoring, so as to detect the passage of vehicles at a number of predetermined road points.
  • the detecting devices transmit information relative to passage of the vehicles at the predetermined road points to a remote processing unit, which processes the information to indicate general road traffic conditions.
  • the detecting devices most commonly used in known road traffic monitoring systems are defined by television cameras for detecting the passage of vehicles and transmitting images of the vehicles traveling along various critical road sections, or by electromagnetic transducers, the respective coils of which are "embedded" in the road surface to detect the passage of vehicles on the basis of the variations in magnetic flux produced by movement of the vehicles.
  • the above systems also have the drawback of providing supervisors with no more than general road traffic information, such as the daily or hourly average number of vehicles traveling along a given road section. Though useful for making statistical road traffic forecasts, such information is of little use in determining the actual traffic situation at any given instant, or forecasting future developments.
  • a vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit as claimed in Claim 1.
  • the present invention also relates to a vehicle traffic monitoring system, as claimed in Claim 13.
  • the present invention also relates to a vehicle traffic forecasting method, as claimed in Claim 14.
  • Number 1 in Figure 1 indicates as a whole a vehicle traffic monitoring system comprising at least one vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2 located along a given road section 3 to detect the passage of vehicles 4 and transmit, over a communication network 5 forming part of system 1, a signal S A containing a number of information items relative to the passage of vehicles 4 along road section 3.
  • System 1 also comprises a remote processing unit 6 for receiving, over communication network 5, the signal S A transmitted by vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2, and for simulating vehicle traffic on the basis of the road information contained in signal S A to forecast developments in traffic along road section 3.
  • a remote processing unit 6 for receiving, over communication network 5, the signal S A transmitted by vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2, and for simulating vehicle traffic on the basis of the road information contained in signal S A to forecast developments in traffic along road section 3.
  • remote processing unit 6 forecasts developments in vehicle traffic along road section 3 by implementing a road traffic simulation model employing the information relative to vehicle traffic along road section 3 and transmitted in real time by vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2.
  • vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2 comprises two infrared sensor devices 7, each for supplying a vehicle presence signal S P indicating passage of a vehicle 4 along road section 3; a clock circuit 8 for supplying a clock signal S TIM indicating the instant ti at which passage of a vehicle 4 along road section 3 was detected by infrared sensor devices 7; and a processing circuit 9 for processing the clock signal S TIM from clock circuit 8 and the presence signals S P from infrared sensor devices 7 to determine a number of information items relative to the passage of vehicles 4 along road section 3, and for supplying signal S A containing the information items.
  • Vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2 also comprises a transmitting device 10 for transmitting signal S A over communication network 5 to remote processing unit 6.
  • each vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2 also comprises a power device 19 for powering processing circuit 9 and clock circuit 8, and which comprises a battery 20, and a solar panel 21 connected to and for constantly charging battery 20, so that vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2 is completely independent energy-wise, and can therefore be installed along any road section, even those with no electrical power of any sort.
  • a power device 19 for powering processing circuit 9 and clock circuit 8 which comprises a battery 20, and a solar panel 21 connected to and for constantly charging battery 20, so that vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2 is completely independent energy-wise, and can therefore be installed along any road section, even those with no electrical power of any sort.
  • the two infrared sensor devices 7 of vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2 are aligned one after the other in a direction substantially parallel to the road being monitored, and, in the example shown, can be installed on any supporting member 11 across and over the road.
  • supporting member 11 may be defined by a gantry structure extending across the road, and infrared sensor devices 7 may be fitted to the cross member of the gantry structure, facing the road one after the other in a direction parallel to the road, i.e. perpendicular to the cross member of the gantry structure.
  • Supporting member 11 supporting infrared sensor devices 7 may be defined by any overhead structure extending across the road, such as a flyovers, bridges, road signs, billboards, etc.
  • Vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2 comprises two infrared sensor devices 7, arranged as described above, for each traffic direction ( Figure 1).
  • each infrared sensor device 7 comprises a pyroelectric sensor 12 sensitive to changes in temperature, i.e. to the infrared radiation emitted by a body, and for converting such changes into electric presence signal S P ; and a focusing device 13 defined, for example, by a parabolic mirror 13 located over pyroelectric sensor 12, so that pyroelectric sensor 12 is preferably, though not necessarily, located at the focal point of parabolic mirror 13. More specifically, focusing device, i.e. parabolic mirror, 13 provides for focusing the infrared radiation from road section 3 onto pyroelectric sensor 12.
  • parabolic mirror 13 is sized to have a given cover angle of, say, 30°, so that infrared sensor device 7 covers a given range of road section 3.
  • Processing circuit 9 comprises an amplifying and comparing circuit 14, which receives presence signals S P from pyroelectric sensors 12, and rectifies and compares each signal S P with a predetermined threshold to supply substantially digital presence signals S P .
  • amplifying and comparing circuit 14 supplies a presence signal S P having a high logic level when the predetermined threshold is exceeded by the presence signal S P from pyroelectric sensor 12, i.e. when passage of a vehicle 4 is detected, and having a low logic level when the predetermined threshold is not exceeded by the presence signal S P from pyroelectric sensor 12, i.e. when no vehicle 4 is detected along road section 3.
  • Figure 3 shows a time graph of two presence signals S P supplied by amplifying and comparing circuit 14 when passage of a vehicle 4 along road section 3 is detected.
  • Each bit therefore indicates the status of the respective infrared sensor device 7, while transition of the bit (1-0 and 0-1) indicates a vehicle is entering or leaving the range covered by infrared sensor device 7.
  • Decoding circuit 15 also supplies a transition signal S T indicating a word bit status change.
  • processing circuit 9 also comprises a storage, e.g. FIFO storage, device 17 for receiving both transition signal S T and the signal coding the word from coding circuit 15, and for storing the words in a predetermined order at each transition of any one bit in the word, i.e. at each disturbance (change in temperature detected by the infrared sensor devices) within the range covered by each infrared sensor device 7.
  • a storage e.g. FIFO storage
  • Storage device 17 also receives clock signal S TIM , the value of which is stored by storage device 17 whenever a pickup is made and a new word is stored, i.e. whenever another transition of the bits in the word is detected as a result of passage of a vehicle 4 within the road range covered by an infrared sensor device 7.
  • Processing circuit 9 also comprises a microprocessor 18 for reading the vehicle passage data in storage device 17, i.e. the words supplied by coding circuit 15 and the instants in time at which the words were stored, and for processing such information to determine a number of indications concerning the passage of vehicles 4 along load section 3. For example, from the stored information, microprocessor 18 is able to determine the speed, length and traveling direction of the vehicle.
  • a microprocessor 18 for reading the vehicle passage data in storage device 17, i.e. the words supplied by coding circuit 15 and the instants in time at which the words were stored, and for processing such information to determine a number of indications concerning the passage of vehicles 4 along load section 3. For example, from the stored information, microprocessor 18 is able to determine the speed, length and traveling direction of the vehicle.
  • microprocessor 18 codes all the information relative to the passage of vehicle 4 in a single signal S A , and supplies signal S A , e.g. via a serial connection, to transmitting device 10.
  • Transmitting device 10 may be defined by a personal computer comprising a modem communicating with remote processing station 6 over a communication network 5 defined, for example, by an Internet or Intranet network.
  • information may be transmitted between vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2 and remote processing unit 6 over a communication network 5 defined, in the example shown, by a GSM or UMTS telephone network.
  • vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2 will comprise a transmitting device 10 defined, for example, by a GSM or UMTS telephone module for receiving signal S A from microprocessor 18 and transmitting it over communication network 5 to remote processing unit 6.
  • Vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2 may also perform a self-diagnosis test to indicate it is operating correctly.
  • infrared sensor devices 7 may comprise a number of LED's (not shown) arranged, for example, in a ring outside parabolic mirror 13 and activated by a pulse signal supplied by mircroprocessor 18. When activated, the LED's generate a light beam which, reflected by the road section, is detected by infrared sensor device 7, which generates presence signal S P , which, in this case, is used as a TEST signal.
  • Remote processing unit 6 receives, instant by instant, the signal S A coding the information relative to the passage of vehicles 4 along road section 3, and, on the basis of the information received, implements a road traffic forecasting method to forecast traffic along road section 3.
  • the road traffic forecasting method implemented by remote processing unit 6 is based on a known cellular automata road model published on 5 May, 2000, by the EDP Sciences magazine "The European Physical Journal” in an article entitled “A cellular automata model for highway traffic”.
  • the monitored road has a start point and an end point, and is divided into two lanes, each in turn divided into a number of cells of given length (e.g. 5 meters), each of which may or may not be occupied by a vehicle traveling at a given maximum speed.
  • the above model provides for determining developments in traffic instant by instant, as of a start instant t 0 corresponding to a number of initial conditions, such as initial traffic density, initial status of each cell, and the maximum speed of vehicles 4, so as to forecast the status of each cell, and therefore of the road, at any successive instant t 0 +Dt.
  • the road traffic forecasting method employing the above model commences with a block 100, in which the traffic cellular automata model parameters are initialized on the basis of the data detected by vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2, i.e. on the basis of real-time incoming data, such as the speed of vehicles 4 in the cell defined by the monitored road section.
  • Block 100 is followed by a block 110, in which remote processing unit 6 simulates road traffic by applying the cellular automata model to the real-time incoming data.
  • remote processing unit 6 simulates road traffic by applying the cellular automata model to the real-time incoming data.
  • the real-time incoming data from the road traffic monitoring central control unit/s along respective road sections 3 establish the initial conditions of the model.
  • Block 110 is followed by a block 120, which gives a traffic forecast at instant t 0 +t R , where t R is the unit reference time interval used in the simulation.
  • block 120 may be followed by block 110, which repeats the simulation on the basis of the data determined in block 120 at instant t 0 +t R .
  • the method may therefore perform N number of cycles (block 110-block 120) to give a road traffic forecast relative to instant t 0 +N*t R .
  • the above road traffic forecast may be transmitted to vehicle users to warn of any critical traffic ' situations which may arise.
  • the vehicle traffic monitoring system described has the big advantage of being relatively cheap and easy to install, by featuring reasonably priced commercial devices, circuits and sensors.
  • the vehicle traffic monitoring system described also has the big advantage of also being applicable to rail and sea traffic.
  • simulating traffic developments on the basis of real-time incoming data enables the system to provide a much more reliable vehicle traffic forecast as compared with known methods.
  • infrared sensor devices 7 may be defined by thermopiles.
  • Vehicle traffic monitoring central control unit 2 may comprise at least one ultrasound sensor installed at infrared sensor devices 7 over the road, and for supplying microprocessor 18 with a signal indicating a stationary vehicle on the road section.
  • sensors e.g. laser, radar or ultrasound.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
EP02013090A 2001-09-20 2002-06-13 System, Zentrale und Verfahren zur Verkehrsüberwachung Withdrawn EP1296302A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2001BO000571A ITBO20010571A1 (it) 2001-09-20 2001-09-20 Sistema e centralina di monitoraggio del traffico veicolare e relativo metodo di funzionamento
ITBO20010571 2001-09-20

Publications (1)

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EP1296302A1 true EP1296302A1 (de) 2003-03-26

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EP02013090A Withdrawn EP1296302A1 (de) 2001-09-20 2002-06-13 System, Zentrale und Verfahren zur Verkehrsüberwachung

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IT (1) ITBO20010571A1 (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8242476B2 (en) 2005-12-19 2012-08-14 Leddartech Inc. LED object detection system and method combining complete reflection traces from individual narrow field-of-view channels
US8310655B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2012-11-13 Leddartech Inc. Detection and ranging methods and systems
US8436748B2 (en) 2007-06-18 2013-05-07 Leddartech Inc. Lighting system with traffic management capabilities
US8600656B2 (en) 2007-06-18 2013-12-03 Leddartech Inc. Lighting system with driver assistance capabilities
US8723689B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2014-05-13 Leddartech Inc. Parking management system and method using lighting system
US8842182B2 (en) 2009-12-22 2014-09-23 Leddartech Inc. Active 3D monitoring system for traffic detection
US8908159B2 (en) 2011-05-11 2014-12-09 Leddartech Inc. Multiple-field-of-view scannerless optical rangefinder in high ambient background light
US9235988B2 (en) 2012-03-02 2016-01-12 Leddartech Inc. System and method for multipurpose traffic detection and characterization
US9378640B2 (en) 2011-06-17 2016-06-28 Leddartech Inc. System and method for traffic side detection and characterization
US10488492B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2019-11-26 Leddarttech Inc. Discretization of detection zone

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0318260A2 (de) * 1987-11-27 1989-05-31 Combustion Developments Limited Überwachungsmittel
EP0408980A2 (de) * 1989-07-17 1991-01-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Winkelauflösender passiver Infrarot-Bewegungsmelder
EP0814446A1 (de) * 1996-06-18 1997-12-29 Siemens Plc Verbesserungen an Verkehrssteueranlagen
EP0866434A1 (de) * 1997-02-19 1998-09-23 MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zur Erfassung bewegter Objekte
WO2000054012A1 (en) * 1999-03-10 2000-09-14 Melexis, Nv Radiation sensor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0318260A2 (de) * 1987-11-27 1989-05-31 Combustion Developments Limited Überwachungsmittel
EP0408980A2 (de) * 1989-07-17 1991-01-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Winkelauflösender passiver Infrarot-Bewegungsmelder
EP0814446A1 (de) * 1996-06-18 1997-12-29 Siemens Plc Verbesserungen an Verkehrssteueranlagen
EP0866434A1 (de) * 1997-02-19 1998-09-23 MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung zur Erfassung bewegter Objekte
WO2000054012A1 (en) * 1999-03-10 2000-09-14 Melexis, Nv Radiation sensor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CAMPARI E G ET AL: "A cellular automata model for highway traffic", EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL B, SEPT. 2000, EDP SCIENCES;SPRINGER-VERLAG, FRANCE, vol. 17, no. 1, pages 159 - 166, XP001134902, ISSN: 1434-6028 *

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8242476B2 (en) 2005-12-19 2012-08-14 Leddartech Inc. LED object detection system and method combining complete reflection traces from individual narrow field-of-view channels
US8436748B2 (en) 2007-06-18 2013-05-07 Leddartech Inc. Lighting system with traffic management capabilities
US8600656B2 (en) 2007-06-18 2013-12-03 Leddartech Inc. Lighting system with driver assistance capabilities
USRE49342E1 (en) 2007-12-21 2022-12-20 Leddartech Inc. Distance detection method and system
US8310655B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2012-11-13 Leddartech Inc. Detection and ranging methods and systems
US8723689B2 (en) 2007-12-21 2014-05-13 Leddartech Inc. Parking management system and method using lighting system
USRE49950E1 (en) 2007-12-21 2024-04-30 Leddartech Inc. Distance detection method and system
US8842182B2 (en) 2009-12-22 2014-09-23 Leddartech Inc. Active 3D monitoring system for traffic detection
US8908159B2 (en) 2011-05-11 2014-12-09 Leddartech Inc. Multiple-field-of-view scannerless optical rangefinder in high ambient background light
USRE47134E1 (en) 2011-05-11 2018-11-20 Leddartech Inc. Multiple-field-of-view scannerless optical rangefinder in high ambient background light
USRE48763E1 (en) 2011-05-11 2021-10-05 Leddartech Inc. Multiple-field-of-view scannerless optical rangefinder in high ambient background light
US9378640B2 (en) 2011-06-17 2016-06-28 Leddartech Inc. System and method for traffic side detection and characterization
USRE48914E1 (en) 2012-03-02 2022-02-01 Leddartech Inc. System and method for multipurpose traffic detection and characterization
US9235988B2 (en) 2012-03-02 2016-01-12 Leddartech Inc. System and method for multipurpose traffic detection and characterization
US10488492B2 (en) 2014-09-09 2019-11-26 Leddarttech Inc. Discretization of detection zone

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ITBO20010571A0 (it) 2001-09-20

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