EP1288483B1 - Method and apparatus for emission monitoring of a storage container for storing a volatile medium, in particular of a fuel reservoir of a vehicle - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for emission monitoring of a storage container for storing a volatile medium, in particular of a fuel reservoir of a vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1288483B1 EP1288483B1 EP02016161A EP02016161A EP1288483B1 EP 1288483 B1 EP1288483 B1 EP 1288483B1 EP 02016161 A EP02016161 A EP 02016161A EP 02016161 A EP02016161 A EP 02016161A EP 1288483 B1 EP1288483 B1 EP 1288483B1
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- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- medium
- value
- storage container
- vehicle
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 57
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 52
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 238000012821 model calculation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000011990 functional testing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
- F02M25/0809—Judging failure of purge control system
Definitions
- the invention relates to the monitoring of the emission of storage containers for storing volatile media, in particular of fuel tank systems used in motor vehicles.
- the invention relates to a method, a circuit and a control device for the emission-monitoring operation of such Storage container according to the preambles of the respective independent claims.
- the present invention is based on the finding that the temperature of the volatile medium has a significant influence on the measurement accuracy in a leak test (leak diagnosis).
- the above functional tests especially in tank systems, should be carried out only within certain temperature ranges, since with increasing fuel temperature, the outgassing of the medium increases, above a certain temperature by the outgassing an overpressure in the storage container arises and this overpressure finally the overpressure generated in the leak test increases or counteracts the generated negative pressure.
- erroneous assumptions regarding the pressure conditions are a cause of misdiagnosis.
- a diagnosis performed with overpressure a leaking storage container erroneously as "tight" and in a diagnosis carried out with negative pressure a se to dense container faulty as "leaking" diagnosed.
- thermal expansion of the material is to be considered in particular in containers made of plastic. Due to the expansion behavior of the plastic occurring with increasing temperature, uncontrollable changes in volume of the container interior and thus in turn distorted assumptions regarding the present internal pressure conditions.
- storage container for example, in the case of motor vehicle tank systems for the tightness of the entire tank system important functional elements such as lines and seals includes.
- the present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method, a circuit and a control device of the type mentioned, which allow an improved over the prior art emission monitoring in said storage containers.
- this improvement should be done by detecting the current temperature of the stored medium with the least possible technical effort, in particular while avoiding the use of costly temperature sensor in the storage container, so as to increase the accuracy of a leak test carried out on the storage container.
- the invention is based on the idea to include the temperature of the volatile medium in a functional test described above as a correction and this on the basis of other parameters such as the ambient temperature, the level of the reservoir or, in the case of a motor vehicle, additionally based on operating data of the vehicle (vehicle speed or the like.) Or the vehicle engine (operating time, engine stop time, engine temperature or the like.) To model, ie using a model calculation to determine.
- the invention provides according to a first variant, to determine the real temperature of the medium (T_ktm) from these parameters by calculation and to include the value of T_ktm thus calculated, as mentioned above, as a correction variable in the test of the functionality of the storage container.
- a check for the operability of the storage container is only performed if the calculated value of T_ktm is within a predeterminable temperature interval.
- the correction variable can be determined in each case before carrying out a functional test or temporarily, for example cyclically repeating, by means of the model calculation.
- the parameters required for the calculation of T_ktm can be stored in the form of a characteristic diagram or in a corresponding table, once for a given type of construction of the storage container or of a motor vehicle, once a model calculation has been carried out and are thus immediately available for subsequent determinations of T_ktm, without the said model calculation having to be carried out again in each case.
- the model calculation can also include parameters such as the operating or shutdown duration of an internal combustion engine (engine) supplied by the storage container and, in the case of a vehicle, the vehicle speed, the fuel level as a function of the vehicle speed, and / or the altitude location the storage container or a vehicle having such a container received.
- engine internal combustion engine
- the respective vehicle series relevant characteristics such as the body shape and / or the engine type can be included in vehicles, which advantageously both different flow conditions with a moving vehicle and consequent different underflow of a fuel tank as well as different mounting positions of the fuel tank and / or the engine in the vehicle chassis, depending on the body shape, can be used. It can also be provided when incorporating a shutdown of the engine in the model calculation to deposit a model-specific cooling curve and to use this as the initial value for the engine temperature when the engine is restarted.
- the heating curve and / or cooling curve of the medium to be taken into account in the storage container in the context of the model calculation, both in a motor vehicle and in other uses of the storage container, are dependent on the present fill level and the respective series of the container. So lead a relatively high level due to the correspondingly higher heat capacity of the medium to a slower heating of the stored medium and a relatively low level to a faster heating. In the mentioned model calculation, these relationships are considered according to further embodiment.
- the ambient temperature can be considered multiplicatively in the determination of T_ktm, for example.
- vehicle and / or engine operating variables such as, for example, the instantaneous or average engine load, vehicle speed, and / or the transmission gear selection can be taken into account or taken as a correction variable (s).
- T_ktm is only then determined from one or more characteristics, if said Characteristic variable (s) are within a predefinable variance width, ie, if the respective parameter behaves sufficiently constant over a predefinable time interval.
- a new determination of T_ktm only takes place when the vehicle speed and / or the operating time of the engine exceed a predefinable limit value. This ensures that the influence of situational or environmental fluctuations of the recorded parameters on the value of T_ktm calculated from them is minimized. This ensures that the engine has reached operating temperature and that no subsequent heating of the engine leads to a further increase in T_ktm.
- the waiting time can, as mentioned above, depending on the type of engine and / or the body shape of the vehicle, eg. Separated for individual vehicle series, are set.
- a T_ktm determined during operation of an engine connected to the storage container or of a vehicle having such a container is compared and compared with a currently measured ambient temperature during a subsequent startup of the engine or the vehicle.
- the larger of the two values is used as the initial value for T_ktm.
- T_ktm is also determined while the vehicle is moving, in order to take into account the influence of the heat build-up on the fuel temperature which forms near the tank when the engine is running.
- T_ktm also changes after a refueling operation with a medium of a different temperature
- changes in the tank level are detected by refueling detected in a manner known per se, for example, by means of a tank cap sensor.
- the setting of a temperature equilibrium can also be awaited until a new determination of T_ktm takes place.
- an approximate value for example the mean value from the last stored value of T_ktm and the current ambient temperature, can be used, which has the advantage that at least until then a meaningful value is present.
- a taking place during a service interruption of the vehicle Refueling be recognized that after the start of the engine, the difference between the current tank level and the cached tank level value exceeds a predetermined threshold. It is worth mentioning that the amount of substance in the refueled medium can also be included in the model calculation during the recalculation of T_ktm after a refueling process.
- the invention allows the use of inexpensive plastic tanks, for example.
- combustion-powered vehicles without required for leak diagnosis size 0.5 mm, to be arranged in the storage costly temperature sensor.
- flexible fuel i.
- the invention also allows the detection of critical Ausgasungstemperaturen.
- T_ktm in case of failure of one or more sensors (temperature, tank level sensor, etc.) from the available data still allows the determination of a meaningful T_ktm.
- the associated temperature variable in the model equation can be assigned a substitute value to be empirically determined, for example a mean value of 20 ° C. Accordingly, in the event of a defective tank level sensor, instead of a currently determined T_ktm value, a last stored value of T_ktm can be used.
- a plausibility check can additionally be carried out in which a currently determined T_ktm is compared with predeterminable upper and / or lower limit values and only then assumed to be correct if T_ktm is within these limits.
- the current value can be assumed equal to the limit value itself.
- the invention can be advantageously implemented in an existing control unit, for example an engine control unit, in the form of a control program. In this case, it is beneficial that some or all of the aforementioned parameters are already recorded in such a control unit.
- the invention can be realized in the form of a dedicated circuit, for example as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC).
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- the underlying model calculation can be realized in the form of a binary-logic circuit formed from several stages, each stage being considered as a filter for the influence of the respective characteristic on T_ktm.
- the attenuation of the respective filter varies.
- at least two filters are used in the model calculation.
- the ambient air temperature and the altitude of the vehicle can be received and in the at least second filter, the tank level, the vehicle and / or engine stop time and the operating time.
- control device or the circuit included according to the invention has a read / write memory (RAM) serving for the above-mentioned purpose for storing said characteristic diagram and / or for temporarily storing an already determined T_ktm value.
- RAM read / write memory
- storage container also encompasses entire tank installations or the like, including their further components.
- T_ktm can also be used as a correction variable for functions similar to those of the aforementioned functional test, for example for a tank venting function mentioned in the introduction.
- Fig. 1 shows the basic sequence of making use of the invention leak diagnostic routine.
- the temperature of the stockpiled medium T_ktm determined 20.
- This value T_ktm is in a rewritable memory, for example.
- a delay stage 35 jumps back to the beginning of the subroutine for the determination of T_ktm.
- T_ktm is set equal to the maximum value T_max in order to correspond to the 'worst case' value as a safety measure.
- a leak diagnosis process is started, the value of T_ktm read out of the RAM again and, if a result of the leak diagnosis is present, this result corrected using T_ktm.
- a leak rate determined during the leak diagnosis can be corrected by means of an increased material outgassing factor due to the wall material of the storage container or due to the overall used seals by a corresponding offset value. Also can be one in the leak diagnosis assumed under or overpressure reduction gradient be corrected accordingly.
- a method for determining the fuel temperature is described below using the example of a motor vehicle, although the principles that emerge from the following description can also be used correspondingly in other storage containers such as, for example, chemical substance tanks or the like. That in the related FIGS. 2a-2d, the illustrated method can be implemented as a control program in an engine control unit or as a separate circuit (ASIC or the like). In this case, the subsequent method steps, including the nachbelowenen filters, etc., can be implemented in known binary logic.
- the procedure starts according to Fig. 2a with a step 100 in which an engine (not shown) is started.
- a step 110 it is checked whether an engine stop time t_maz was longer than a predetermined time. If this is the case, it is assumed that the fuel temperature has adapted to the outside air temperature after a fitting drive, and the value O ° C is assigned to a temperature offset T_ktm_offset, which is stored in a read / write memory, in a step 120 , and the method continues in a step 125.
- the engine shutdown time t_maz was shorter than or equal to the given time, then it would be directly in one Step 125 measures and stored values taken from the random access memory and there is a maximum selection between the measured value of the outside air temperature T_aluft and a last stored value of the fuel temperature T_ktm (old) instead, with maximum selection means that the greater of the two values in the other Steps of the method is used as a value for the outside air temperature.
- the actual fuel temperature may be greater than the outside air temperature.
- an operation counter is started.
- T_aluft in the described embodiment is a guide, since this parameter, regardless of dynamic characteristics such as the vehicle speed, the fuel temperature influenced the most and incidentally also affects other parameters such as the engine temperature.
- step 145 the check is made as to whether a fill level sensor (not shown) is defective. If so, in a step 147, the value of the level at the last drive fs_tank_v becomes a variable for the value of the current level fs_tank accepted; otherwise, step 150 follows (see Fig. 2b ).
- step 150 in Fig. 2b It is checked whether a refueling operation has taken place during a business interruption. For this purpose, the difference between the currently measured tank filling level fs_tank and the tank level fs_tank (old) taken over from the read / write memory and determined during the last drive is formed. If this difference is greater than a predefinable value d_fs_tlfz, it is assumed that refueling has taken place, and in a step 155 a variable for refueling recognition b_kttm is assigned the value '1'. This variable b_kttm later serves as a selection criterion in a step 210 as to whether a refueling process has taken place and then an approximate value for the fuel temperature is determined.
- a step 160 the check is made as to whether an outside air temperature sensor is defective. If, however, the difference determined in step 150 is smaller than a predefinable value d_fs_tlfz, it is checked directly in step 160 whether the outside air temperature sensor is defective. If this is the case, the value for the outside air temperature T_aluft is assigned the value 20 ° C. in a step 290. This is followed by a step 180, in which it is checked whether the engine was operating shorter than a predefinable threshold time, for example 30 minutes, that is, whether there is a criterion for a short operating time.
- a predefinable threshold time for example 30 minutes
- step 180 it is checked only at the first pass of the method the criterion for a short operating time exists. After a short period of operation, no temperature equilibrium has yet set, so that a redetermination of the fuel temperature must not take place. Therefore, after a waiting time of 10 minutes in a step 325, the cycle is performed again from step 160.
- step 180 if it is found out in step 180 that the operating time of the engine was longer than 30 minutes, then in a step 190 it is checked only at the first pass of the method if a criterion for a short stop time exists, with a time under a short stop time 30 minutes is understood. With a short shutdown time, the fuel temperature has not changed compared to the last operating cycle of the engine, so that here again, a redetermination of the fuel temperature must not take place immediately.
- step 325 If the criterion for a short shutdown time is present at the first run of the method after the start of the engine, then after a waiting time of For example, in step 325, the cycle is performed again from step 160 for 10 minutes. If the engine shutdown time was longer than, for example, 30 minutes, then in a step 200 ( Fig. 2c ) checks whether the vehicle speed v_can is greater than zero.
- step 220 (FIG. Fig. 2c ) another check whether the level sensor is defective. If this is the case, then in a step 225 the variable for the filling level fs_tank is assigned the last stored value for the level when driving fs_tank_v. A check of the level sensor at this point is necessary because a correct fill level value is required for the following refueling detection while the engine is running. With a defective tank level sensor, the method can then be continued at least with an automatically assigned level value.
- step 220 it is checked in a step 210 whether refueling has taken place with the engine running or during an interruption in operation Has. For this purpose, the difference between the currently measured tank level fs_tank and the last measured at a vehicle speed greater than zero tank level fs_tank_v is determined. If the difference is greater than a value d_fs_tel, refueling has taken place while the engine is running. If the value of the variable b_kttm from step 155 is equal to '1', refueling has taken place during the last service interruption.
- step 310 the operation counter is set to zero and the process is started directly with a step 270 (FIG. Fig. 2d ).
- step 270 the fuel temperature T_ktm valid at this time is taken over into the read / write memory as the fuel temperature T_ktm (old), the fueling detection variable b_kttm is set equal to '0'. Subsequently, if the engine is still in operation, which is checked in a step 280, the cycle for determining the power-material temperature in step 320 after a wait of 100 milliseconds from step 160.
- Resetting the operation counter in step 310 causes the process to be performed in the next determination cycle from step 180 as if the engine had been restarted and the criterion for a short operation time existed.
- the method in the first pass is continued only after a waiting time of 10 minutes.
- step 230 the variable for the level during travel fs_tank_v is assigned the value of the measured level fs_tank.
- a step 240 the check is made for a geographical altitude change. This is in detail in Fig. 3 shown.
- the check whether an altitude change has taken place, starts in Fig. 3 with a step 2410.
- the altitude can be determined with known measures, eg. By means of a pressure sensor based on the usual pressure dependence of the outside air p_aluft.
- a step 2420 it is checked whether there is a decrease in the altitude, that is, it is checked whether, for example, a Padedabfahrt takes place.
- step 2450 the temperature offset T_ktm_offset is set equal to zero, then the altitude change check is terminated in step 2460, and the fuel temperature determination process continues with step 250 (see FIG Fig. 2d ). If, on the other hand, there is no decrease in the altitude, it is checked in a step 2430 whether there is an increase in the altitude. This is the case when the vehicle is on a pass. If there is an increase in the altitude, the value 5 is assigned to the temperature offset T_ktm_offset in a step 2440. This temperature offset is added later in a step 250 of the calculated in a circuit fuel temperature T_ktm. Thus, the fact is taken into account that in a Pndfahrt the outside air temperature decreases faster than the fuel temperature of the outside air temperature can adjust.
- step 2460 the altitude change check is ended and step 250 follows Fig. 2d .
- step 250 the fuel temperature T_ktm as a function of the outside air temperature T_a poverty, an attenuation in a mathematical filter "A”, which takes into account the series of the vehicle and the influence of the operating time of the engine on the increase of the fuel temperature, varies depending on the body and engine series and a damping in a mathematical filter "B”, which takes into account the fuel temperature depending on the level of the tank, the tank level fs_tank and the engine stop time t_maz calculated. To the thus determined Value of the fuel temperature, the value of the temperature offset T_ktm_offset is added.
- step 260 (FIG. Fig. 2c ) checks whether the calculated fuel temperature T_ktm is within a predeterminable temperature interval (minimum / maximum limitation).
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a minimum / maximum fuel temperature limiting method in accordance with step 260.
- FIG. The method starts in a step 2610.
- a step 2620 the check is carried out as to whether the fuel temperature T_ktm determined in step 250 is greater than a specifiable maximum value T_ktm_max. If this is the case, the value of the predefinable maximum temperature T_ktm_max is allocated to the variable of the calculated fuel temperature T_ktm in a step 2640, and the method for minimum / maximum limitation is ended in a step 2660, followed by a step 270 (FIG. Fig.
- step 2620 in which the specific fuel temperature T_ktm and the variables for the operating temperature detection b_kttm are assigned the value zero in the read / write memory of the variables T_ktm (alt). If the check in step 2620 reveals that the specific fuel temperature T_ktm is not greater than the predefinable maximum value T_ktm_max, the check is carried out in a step 2630 as to whether the fuel temperature T_ktm is less than a predefinable minimum value T_ktm_min. If this is the case, the value for the minimum temperature T_ktm_min is assigned to the variable for the fuel temperature T_ktm in a step 2650.
- step 2660 the minimum / maximum limitation procedure is terminated and step 270 (FIG. Fig. 2 ).
- step 270 the value of the fuel temperature T_ktm determined in this way is stored as variable T_ktm_alt in the read / write memory. Furthermore, the value for refueling recognition b_kttm is assigned the value zero and stored. Thereafter, it is checked in step 280 whether the engine is still in operation, this is not the case, the process ends (step 290). Otherwise, the above-mentioned method for determining the fuel temperature becomes after a waiting time of 100 milliseconds from the step 160 in FIG Fig. 2a again (step 320).
- the detection of a refueling situation after a business interruption and detecting a refueling situation while the engine is running can be combined.
- the value '1' is assigned to the variable b_kttm both during refueling during a service interruption and during a running engine, which value is used in later decision steps or calculations.
- the tank level, the vehicle speed and the tank level during the last drive are preferably used as initialization values for a sequence of logic operations known per se and calculations in circuits.
- the added amount can also be taken into account. Especially with a larger amount of fuel, the influence of changes in the outside air temperature on the fuel temperature is lower and thus a correction of the calculated size can be done with the amount of fuel.
- the engine shutdown time counter is started when the engine is shut down, and stopped when the engine is restarted.
- the thus determined stop time is stored in the read / write memory as a variable t_maz.
- the method can also be carried out for determining a temperature of any liquid in any container.
- at least one further heat and / or cryogenic source for example an air conditioning unit or a cooling unit of the engine, can be taken into account.
- T_ktm is plotted over T_a poverty and fs_tank, wherein the set of curves shown is parameterized over time t.
- the dependency of T_ktm as a function of T_a poverty and fs_tank shown in the characteristic diagram is based on the model calculation described above.
- the characteristics diagram can be generated automatically and T_ktm can be generated automatically without further action be read.
- the characteristic diagram is n-1-dimensional in the case of n-1 additional parameters and in the parameterization shown with time t.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft die Überwachung der Emission von Vorratsbehältnissen zur Bevorratung flüchtiger Medien, insbesondere von in Kraftfahrzeugen eingesetzten Kraftstofftankanlagen. Im Besonderen bezieht sich die Erfindung auf ein Verfahren, eine Schaltung sowie ein Steuergerät zum emissionsüberwachenden Betrieb eines solchen Vorratsbehältnisses gemäß den Oberbegriffen der jeweiligen unabhängigen Ansprüche.The invention relates to the monitoring of the emission of storage containers for storing volatile media, in particular of fuel tank systems used in motor vehicles. In particular, the invention relates to a method, a circuit and a control device for the emission-monitoring operation of such Storage container according to the preambles of the respective independent claims.
In den unterschiedlichsten Bereichen der Technik haben Vorratsbehältnisse der eingangs genannten Art auf ihre Dichtheit hin überprüft zu werden. So ist es beispielsweise in der chemischen Verfahrenstechnik aus Emissionsschutzgründen von Bedeutung, die Dichtigkeit von Tanks zur Aufbewahrung flüchtiger chemischer Stoffe zu überprüfen. Insbesondere im Bereich der Kraftfahrzeugtechnik besteht die Notwendigkeit, an dort eingesetzten Kraftstofftanks oder -tankanlagen regelmäßig Dichtheitsprüfungen durchzuführen.In the most diverse areas of technology storage containers of the type mentioned have to be checked for leaks. For example, in chemical process engineering for emission protection reasons, it is important to check the tightness of tanks for the storage of volatile chemical substances. In particular, in the field of automotive technology, there is a need to regularly perform leak tests on fuel tanks or fuel tanks used there.
In letzterem Zusammenhang wird auf die in Teilen der USA geltenden gesetzlichen Bestimmungen beim Betrieb von Brennkraftmaschinen hingewiesen. Danach ist es erforderlich, dass Kraftfahrzeuge, bei denen flüchtige Brennstoffe wie Benzin eingesetzt werden, eine Einrichtung zur Überwachung der Emission von Kraftstoff aufweisen, die in der Lage ist, eine Undichtigkeit bzw. Leckage der Größe 0,5 mm in der Tankanlage nur mit Bordmitteln aufspüren zu können.In the latter context, reference is made to the legal provisions applicable in parts of the USA in the operation of internal combustion engines. Thereafter, it is necessary that motor vehicles employing volatile fuels such as gasoline have a means for monitoring the emission of fuel capable of causing leakage of the size of 0.5 mm in the tank system only with on-board means to be able to track down.
So geht ein Verfahren zur Prüfung der Dichtigkeit einer Kraftfahrzeugtankanlage aus dem
Bei der genannten Emissionsüberwachung, insbesondere der Erfassung von Kleinstleckagen der genannten Querschnittgröße von 0,5 mm, liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass die Temperatur des flüchtigen Mediums einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Messgenauigkeit bei einer Dichtheitsprüfung (Leckdiagnose) hat. Zum Einen sollten die genannten Funktionsprüfungen, insbesondere bei Tankanlagen, nur innerhalb bestimmter Temperaturbereiche durchgeführt werden, da mit steigender Kraftstofftemperatur die Ausgasung des Mediums zunimmt, ab einer bestimmten Temperatur durch die Ausgasung ein Überdruck im Vorratsbehältnis entsteht und dieser Überdruck schließlich den bei der Dichtheitsprüfung erzeugten Überdruck erhöht oder dem erzeugten Unterdruck entgegenwirkt. In dieser Weise verfälschte Annahmen bzgl. der Druckverhältnisse stellen eine Ursache für Fehldiagnosen dar. So werden im Falle einer mit Überdruck durchgeführten Diagnose ein undichtes Vorratsbehältnis fehlerhaft als "dicht" und bei einer mit Unterdruck durchgeführten Diagnose ein an sich dichtes Behältnis fehlerhaft als "undicht" diagnostiziert.In the aforementioned emission monitoring, in particular the detection of micro-leaks of said cross-sectional size of 0.5 mm, the present invention is based on the finding that the temperature of the volatile medium has a significant influence on the measurement accuracy in a leak test (leak diagnosis). On the one hand, the above functional tests, especially in tank systems, should be carried out only within certain temperature ranges, since with increasing fuel temperature, the outgassing of the medium increases, above a certain temperature by the outgassing an overpressure in the storage container arises and this overpressure finally the overpressure generated in the leak test increases or counteracts the generated negative pressure. In this way, erroneous assumptions regarding the pressure conditions are a cause of misdiagnosis. Thus, in the case of a diagnosis performed with overpressure a leaking storage container erroneously as "tight" and in a diagnosis carried out with negative pressure a se to dense container faulty as "leaking" diagnosed.
Ferner ist insbesondere bei aus Kunststoff gefertigten Behältnissen die thermische Expansion des Materials zu berücksichtigen. Aufgrund des bei steigender Temperatur auftretenden Dehnverhaltens des Kunststoffs kommt es zu unkontrollierbaren Volumenänderungen des Behältnis-Innenraums und damit wiederum zu verfälschten Annahmen bzgl. der vorliegenden Innendruckverhältnisse.Furthermore, the thermal expansion of the material is to be considered in particular in containers made of plastic. Due to the expansion behavior of the plastic occurring with increasing temperature, uncontrollable changes in volume of the container interior and thus in turn distorted assumptions regarding the present internal pressure conditions.
Es ist weiter anzumerken, dass der Begriff "Vorratsbehältnis" bspw. im Falle von Kraftfahrzeugtankanlagen auch für die Dichtheit der gesamten Tankanlage bedeutsame Funktionselemente wie Leitungen und Dichtungen mit umfasst.It should also be noted that the term "storage container", for example, in the case of motor vehicle tank systems for the tightness of the entire tank system important functional elements such as lines and seals includes.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren, eine Schaltung und ein Steuergerät der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, welche eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbesserte Emissionsüberwachung bei besagten Vorratsbehältnissen ermöglichen. Insbesondere soll diese Verbesserung durch Erfassung der aktuellen Temperatur des bevorrateten Mediums mit möglichst geringem technischem Aufwand, insbesondere unter Vermeidung des Einsatzes kostenaufwändiger Temperaturfühler in dem Vorratsbehältnis, erfolgen, um damit die Genauigkeit einer an dem Vorratsbehältnis durchgeführten Dichtigkeitsprüfung zu erhöhen.The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method, a circuit and a control device of the type mentioned, which allow an improved over the prior art emission monitoring in said storage containers. In particular, this improvement should be done by detecting the current temperature of the stored medium with the least possible technical effort, in particular while avoiding the use of costly temperature sensor in the storage container, so as to increase the accuracy of a leak test carried out on the storage container.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen bzw. Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments and developments are subject of the dependent claims.
Der Erfindung liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, die Temperatur des flüchtigen Mediums bei einer eingangs beschriebenen Funktionsprüfung als Korrekturgröße einzubeziehen und diese anhand von weiteren Kenngrößen, wie der Umgebungstemperatur, dem Füllstand des Vorratsbehälters oder, im Falle eines Kraftfahrzeuges, zusätzlich anhand von Betriebsdaten des Fahrzeuges (Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit oder dgl.) oder des Fahrzeugmotors (Betriebsdauer, Motorabstellzeit, Motortemperatur oder dgl.) zu modellieren, d.h. anhand einer Modellrechnung zu ermitteln.The invention is based on the idea to include the temperature of the volatile medium in a functional test described above as a correction and this on the basis of other parameters such as the ambient temperature, the level of the reservoir or, in the case of a motor vehicle, additionally based on operating data of the vehicle (vehicle speed or the like.) Or the vehicle engine (operating time, engine stop time, engine temperature or the like.) To model, ie using a model calculation to determine.
Die Erfindung sieht gemäß einer ersten Variante vor, die reale Temperatur des Mediums (T_ktm) aus diesen Kenngrößen rechnerisch zu ermitteln und den so berechneten Wert von T_ktm, wie vorgenannt, als Korrekturgröße bei der Prüfung der Funktionsfähigkeit des Vorratsbehältnisses einzubeziehen. In einer zweiten Variante wird eine Prüfung auf Funktionsfähigkeit des Vorratsbehältnisses überhaupt nur dann durchgeführt, wenn der berechnete Wert von T_ktm innerhalb eines vorgebbaren Temperaturintervalls liegt.The invention provides according to a first variant, to determine the real temperature of the medium (T_ktm) from these parameters by calculation and to include the value of T_ktm thus calculated, as mentioned above, as a correction variable in the test of the functionality of the storage container. In a second variant, a check for the operability of the storage container is only performed if the calculated value of T_ktm is within a predeterminable temperature interval.
Die Korrekturgröße kann bei den genannten Varianten jeweils vor Durchführung einer Funktionsprüfung oder zeitweilig, bspw. zyklisch wiederkehrend, mittels der Modellrechnung ermittelt werden. Alternativ können die für die Berechnung von T_ktm benötigten Kenngrößen nach, insbesondere für einen gegebenen Bautyp des Vorratsbehältnisses oder eines Kraftfahrzeuges einmalig durchgeführter Modellrechnung in Form eines Kenngrößendiagramms oder in einer entspechenden Tabelle gespeichert und stehen damit für nachfolgende Bestimmungen von T_ktm unmittelbar zur Verfügung, ohne dass die genannte Modellrechnung jeweils erneut durchgeführt werden muss.In the case of the variants mentioned above, the correction variable can be determined in each case before carrying out a functional test or temporarily, for example cyclically repeating, by means of the model calculation. Alternatively, the parameters required for the calculation of T_ktm can be stored in the form of a characteristic diagram or in a corresponding table, once for a given type of construction of the storage container or of a motor vehicle, once a model calculation has been carried out and are thus immediately available for subsequent determinations of T_ktm, without the said model calculation having to be carried out again in each case.
Zur weiteren Verfeinerung des vorgeschlagenen Verfahrens können in die Modellrechnung auch Kenngrößen wie die Betriebs- oder Abstelldauer einer durch das Vorratsbehältnis versorgten Brennkraftmaschine (Motor) sowie, im Falle eines Fahrzeuges, die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit, der Kraftstofffüllstand in Abhängigkeit von der Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit, und/oder der Höhenstandort des Vorratsbehältnisses oder eines ein solches Behältnis aufweisenden Fahrzeuges eingehen. So kann bei fallender Umgebungstemperatur bei gleichzeitig relativ großer geografischer Höhe des Fahrzeugstandortes, bspw. während einer Gebirgspassfahrt, aufgrund des geringeren Luftdrucks von einer reduzierten Abkühlgeschwindigkeit ausgegangen werden. Zudem können bei Fahrzeugen die jeweilige Fahrzeugbaureihe betreffende Kenndaten wie die Karosserieform und/oder der Motortyp einbezogen werden, wodurch vorteilhaft sowohl unterschiedliche Strömungsverhältnisse bei bewegtem Fahrzeug und eine dadurch bedingte unterschiedliche Unterströmung eines Kraftstofftanks als auch unterschiedliche Einbaupositionen des Kraftstofftanks und/oder des Motors im Fahrzeugchassis, in Abhängigkeit von der Karosserieform, zugrunde gelegt werden können. Auch kann bei Einbeziehung einer Abstelldauer des Motors bei der Modellrechnung vorgesehen sein, eine baureihenspezifische Abkühlkurve zu hinterlegen und diese beim Neustart des Motors als Anfangswert für die Motortemperatur heranzuziehen.For further refinement of the proposed method, the model calculation can also include parameters such as the operating or shutdown duration of an internal combustion engine (engine) supplied by the storage container and, in the case of a vehicle, the vehicle speed, the fuel level as a function of the vehicle speed, and / or the altitude location the storage container or a vehicle having such a container received. Thus, with decreasing ambient temperature and at the same time with a relatively large geographical altitude of the vehicle location, for example during a mountain pass, a reduced cooling rate may be assumed due to the lower air pressure. In addition, the respective vehicle series relevant characteristics such as the body shape and / or the engine type can be included in vehicles, which advantageously both different flow conditions with a moving vehicle and consequent different underflow of a fuel tank as well as different mounting positions of the fuel tank and / or the engine in the vehicle chassis, depending on the body shape, can be used. It can also be provided when incorporating a shutdown of the engine in the model calculation to deposit a model-specific cooling curve and to use this as the initial value for the engine temperature when the engine is restarted.
Es ist anzumerken, dass die im Rahmen der Modellrechnung zu berücksichtigende Erwärmungskurve und/oder Abkühlkurve des Mediums im Vorratsbehältnis, sowohl in einem Kraftfahrzeug als bei anderweitigem Einsatz des Vorratsbehältnisses, vom vorliegenden Füllstand sowie der jeweiligen Baureihe des Behältnisses abhängig sind. So führen ein relativ hoher Füllstand aufgrund der entsprechend höheren Wärmekapazität des Mediums zu einer langsameren Erwärmung des bevorrateten Mediums und ein relativ niedriger Füllstand zu einer schnelleren Erwärmung. In der genannten Modellrechnung finden diese Zusammenhänge gemäß weiterer Ausgestaltung Berücksichtigung.It should be noted that the heating curve and / or cooling curve of the medium to be taken into account in the storage container in the context of the model calculation, both in a motor vehicle and in other uses of the storage container, are dependent on the present fill level and the respective series of the container. So lead a relatively high level due to the correspondingly higher heat capacity of the medium to a slower heating of the stored medium and a relatively low level to a faster heating. In the mentioned model calculation, these relationships are considered according to further embodiment.
Da auch die jeweils vorliegende Umgebungstemperatur die Erwärmungskurve und die Abkühlkurve des Mediums maßgeblich beeinflusst, kann die Umgebungstemperatur bei der Ermittlung von T_ktm bspw. multiplikativ berücksichtigt werden. Im Falle eines in einem Kraftfahrzeug angeordneten Kraftstoffbehältnisses können bei der Erwärmungsund/oder Abkühlkurve Fahrzeug- und/oder Motorbetriebsgrößen wie bspw. die momentane oder durchschnittliche Motorlast, Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit, und/oder die Getriebegangwahl berücksichtigt werden oder als Korrekturgröße(n) eingehen.Since the prevailing ambient temperature also significantly influences the heating curve and the cooling curve of the medium, the ambient temperature can be considered multiplicatively in the determination of T_ktm, for example. In the case of a fuel tank arranged in a motor vehicle, vehicle and / or engine operating variables such as, for example, the instantaneous or average engine load, vehicle speed, and / or the transmission gear selection can be taken into account or taken as a correction variable (s).
In weiterer Ausgestaltung wird T_ktm erst dann aus einer oder mehreren Kenngrößen ermittelt, wenn die genannten Kenngröße(n) innerhalb einer vorgebbaren Varianzbreite liegen, d.h. wenn sich die jeweilige Kenngröße über ein vorgebbares Zeitintervall ausreichend konstant verhält. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann vorgesehen sein, dass eine Neubestimmung von T_ktm erst dann erfolgt, wenn die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit und/oder die Betriebsdauer des Motors einen vorgebbaren Grenzwert überschreiten. Dadurch ist gewährleistet, dass der Einfluss von situations- oder umgebungsbedingten Schwankungen der erfassten Kenngrößen auf den daraus berechneten Wert von T_ktm minimiert wird. So kann sichergestellt werden, dass der Motor die Betriebstemperatur erreicht hat und keine nachfolgende Erwärmung des Motors zu einer weiteren Anhebung von T_ktm führt. Die Wartezeit kann dabei, ähnlich wie vorerwähnt, in Abhängigkeit vom Bautyp des Motors und/oder der Karosserieform des Fahrzeuges, bspw. für einzelne Fahrzeugbaureihen getrennt, festgelegt werden.In a further embodiment, T_ktm is only then determined from one or more characteristics, if said Characteristic variable (s) are within a predefinable variance width, ie, if the respective parameter behaves sufficiently constant over a predefinable time interval. Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that a new determination of T_ktm only takes place when the vehicle speed and / or the operating time of the engine exceed a predefinable limit value. This ensures that the influence of situational or environmental fluctuations of the recorded parameters on the value of T_ktm calculated from them is minimized. This ensures that the engine has reached operating temperature and that no subsequent heating of the engine leads to a further increase in T_ktm. The waiting time can, as mentioned above, depending on the type of engine and / or the body shape of the vehicle, eg. Separated for individual vehicle series, are set.
Zur weiteren Erhöhung der Funktionsprüfsicherheit kann vorgesehen sein, dass ein im Betrieb eines mit dem Vorratsbehältnis verbundenen Motors oder eines ein solches Behältnis aufweisenden Fahrzeuges ermitteltes T_ktm zwischengespeichert und bei einer nachfolgenden Inbetriebnahme des Motors bzw. des Fahrzeuges mit einer aktuell gemessenen Umgebungstemperatur verglichen wird. Bis zur nachfolgenden Neubestimmung von T_ktm wird der jeweils größere der beiden Werte als Anfangswert für T_ktm herangezogen. Durch diese Maximalauswahl wird vorteilhaft eine externe Aufheizung des bevorrateten Mediums während einer Abstellzeit des Fahrzeuges, bspw. aufgrund einer durch Sonneneinstrahlung bewirkten Chassis- und/oder Tankerwärmung, berücksichtigt. Ähnlich kann auch der Einfluss der derzeitigen geografischen Höhenposition des Fahrzeuges Berücksichtigung finden.To further increase the function test safety, it can be provided that a T_ktm determined during operation of an engine connected to the storage container or of a vehicle having such a container is compared and compared with a currently measured ambient temperature during a subsequent startup of the engine or the vehicle. Until the subsequent redetermination of T_ktm, the larger of the two values is used as the initial value for T_ktm. Through this maximum selection is advantageously an external heating of the stored medium during a stop time of the vehicle, eg. due to a caused by solar chassis and / or tank heating, considered. Similarly, the influence of the current geographical altitude position of the vehicle can be considered.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung wird T_ktm auch bei fahrendem Fahrzeug ermittelt, um den Einfluss des bei laufendem Motor in der Nähe des Tanks sich ausbildenden Wärmestaus auf die Kraftstofftemperatur zu berücksichtigen.According to a further embodiment, T_ktm is also determined while the vehicle is moving, in order to take into account the influence of the heat build-up on the fuel temperature which forms near the tank when the engine is running.
Zusätzlich können die Wärmeeinträge einer etwa vorhandenen elektrischen Kraftstoffpumpe, einer Motorabgasanlage (Auspuffanlage), und/oder einer den Fahrzeuginnenraum kühlenden Klimaanlage oder dergleichen, Berücksichtigung finden.In addition, the heat inputs of an existing electric fuel pump, an engine exhaust system (exhaust system), and / or a vehicle interior cooling air conditioning or the like, be considered.
Da sich T_ktm auch nach einem Betankungsvorgang mit einem Medium abweichender Temperatur verändert, werden gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung Änderungen des Tankfüllstandes nach einer in an sich bekannter Weise bspw. mittels eines Tankdeckelsensors erfassten Betankung erkannt. Wie vorerwähnt, kann auch hier das Einstellen eines Temperaturgleichgewichts abgewartet werden, bis eine Neubestimmung von T_ktm erfolgt. Bis zur Neubestimmung kann ein Näherungswert, bspw. der Mittelwert aus dem zuletzt gespeicherten Wert von T_ktm und der aktuellen Umgebungstemperatur, zugrundegelegt werden, was den Vorteil hat, dass zumindest bis dahin ein aussagekräftiger Wert vorliegt. Des Weiteren kann eine während einer Betriebsunterbrechung des Fahrzeuges erfolgende Betankung dadurch erkannt werden, dass nach dem Start des Motors die Differenz zwischen aktuellem Tankfüllstand und dem zwischengespeicherten Tankfüllstandswert einen vorgebbaren Schwellwert übersteigt. Es ist erwähnenswert, dass auch die Stoffmenge an nachgetanktem Medium bei der Neuberechnung von T_ktm nach einem Betankungsvorgang in die Modellrechnung eingehen kann.Since T_ktm also changes after a refueling operation with a medium of a different temperature, according to a further refinement, changes in the tank level are detected by refueling detected in a manner known per se, for example, by means of a tank cap sensor. As mentioned above, the setting of a temperature equilibrium can also be awaited until a new determination of T_ktm takes place. Until the new determination, an approximate value, for example the mean value from the last stored value of T_ktm and the current ambient temperature, can be used, which has the advantage that at least until then a meaningful value is present. Furthermore, a taking place during a service interruption of the vehicle Refueling be recognized that after the start of the engine, the difference between the current tank level and the cached tank level value exceeds a predetermined threshold. It is worth mentioning that the amount of substance in the refueled medium can also be included in the model calculation during the recalculation of T_ktm after a refueling process.
Im Ergebnis ermöglicht die Erfindung den Einsatz kostengünstiger Kunststofftanks bspw. in brennkraftgetriebenen Kraftfahrzeugen, ohne für Leckdiagnosen der Größe 0,5 mm erforderliche, im Vorratsbehältnis anzuordnende kostenaufwändige Temperaturfühler. Bei mit "flexible fuel", d.h. im Hybridbetrieb Äthanol/Methanol betriebenen Kraftfahrzeugen ermöglicht die Erfindung zudem das Erkennen von kritischen Ausgasungstemperaturen.As a result, the invention allows the use of inexpensive plastic tanks, for example. In combustion-powered vehicles, without required for leak diagnosis size 0.5 mm, to be arranged in the storage costly temperature sensor. With flexible fuel, i. In the hybrid operation of ethanol / methanol operated vehicles, the invention also allows the detection of critical Ausgasungstemperaturen.
Darüber hinaus wird bei einem Ausfall einer oder mehrerer Sensoren (Temperatur-, Tankfüllstandsensor, etc.) aus den zur Verfügung stehenden Daten dennoch die Bestimmung eines aussagekräftigen T_ktm ermöglicht. Wird bspw. in an sich bekannter Weise der Ausfall eines Temperatursensors erkannt, kann der zugehörigen Temperaturvariablen in der Modellgleichung ein empirisch zu bestimmender Ersatzwert zugewiesen werden, bspw. ein mittlerer Wert von 20 °C. Entsprechend kann bei defektem Tankfüllstandsenor, an Stelle eines aktuell ermittelten T_ktm-Wertes, ein zuletzt gespeicherter Wert von T_ktm herangezogen werden.In addition, in case of failure of one or more sensors (temperature, tank level sensor, etc.) from the available data still allows the determination of a meaningful T_ktm. If, for example, the failure of a temperature sensor is detected in a manner known per se, the associated temperature variable in the model equation can be assigned a substitute value to be empirically determined, for example a mean value of 20 ° C. Accordingly, in the event of a defective tank level sensor, instead of a currently determined T_ktm value, a last stored value of T_ktm can be used.
Um verfälschte T_ktm-Werte bei den genannten Sensorausfällen noch wirksamer zu unterdrücken oder solche Verfälschungen bei sich stark ändernden Umgebungsbedingungen an sich zu vermeiden, kann zusätzlich eine Plausibilitätsprüfung durchgeführt werden, bei der ein aktuell ermitteltes T_ktm mit vorgebbaren oberen und/oder unteren Grenzwerten verglichen und nur dann als korrekt angenommen wird, wenn T_ktm innerhalb dieser Grenzwerte liegt. Zudem kann bei Überschreiten eines Grenzwertes der aktuelle Wert gleich dem Grenzwert selbst angenommen werden.In order to even more effectively suppress corrupted T_ktm values in the mentioned sensor failures or to avoid such distortions in strongly changing environmental conditions, a plausibility check can additionally be carried out in which a currently determined T_ktm is compared with predeterminable upper and / or lower limit values and only then assumed to be correct if T_ktm is within these limits. In addition, when a limit value is exceeded, the current value can be assumed equal to the limit value itself.
Die Erfindung lässt sich vorteilhaft in einem bestehenden Steuergerät, bspw. einem Motorsteuergerät, in Form eines Steuerprogrammes realisieren. Hierbei kommt zugute, dass einige oder sämtliche der genannten Kenngrößen in einem solchen Steuergerät bereits erfasst vorliegen. Alternativ kann die Erfindung in Form einer eigenen Schaltung, bspw. als Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), realisiert werden. Dabei kann die zugrundeliegende Modellrechnung in Form eines aus mehreren Stufen gebildeten binär-logischen Schaltkreises realisiert sein, wobei jede Stufe als Filter für den Einfluss der jeweiligen Kenngröße auf T_ktm betrachtet wird. Abhängig von den Kenngrößen und den von der Umgebung abhängigen Korrekturgrößen variiert dabei die Dämpfung des jeweiligen Filters. Vorzugsweise werden bei der Modellrechnung mindestens zwei Filter zugrundegelegt. So können in einen ersten Filter die Umgebungslufttemperatur sowie die Höhenlage des Fahrzeuges eingehen und in den mindestens zweiten Filter der Tankfüllstand, die Fahrzeug- und/oder Motorabstellzeit und die Betriebsdauer.The invention can be advantageously implemented in an existing control unit, for example an engine control unit, in the form of a control program. In this case, it is beneficial that some or all of the aforementioned parameters are already recorded in such a control unit. Alternatively, the invention can be realized in the form of a dedicated circuit, for example as an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC). In this case, the underlying model calculation can be realized in the form of a binary-logic circuit formed from several stages, each stage being considered as a filter for the influence of the respective characteristic on T_ktm. Depending on the characteristic quantities and the correction quantities dependent on the environment, the attenuation of the respective filter varies. Preferably, at least two filters are used in the model calculation. Thus, in a first filter, the ambient air temperature and the altitude of the vehicle can be received and in the at least second filter, the tank level, the vehicle and / or engine stop time and the operating time.
In einer Ausführungsform weisen das erfindungsgemäß umfasste Steuergerät bzw. die Schaltung einen zu dem oben genannten Zweck dienenden Schreib-/Lesespeicher (RAM) zur Speicherung der genannten Kenngrößendiagramme und/oder zur Zwischenspeicherung eines bereits ermittelten T_ktm-Wertes auf.In one embodiment, the control device or the circuit included according to the invention has a read / write memory (RAM) serving for the above-mentioned purpose for storing said characteristic diagram and / or for temporarily storing an already determined T_ktm value.
Es ist anzumerken, dass die Erfindung grundsätzlich bei Vorratsbehältnissen in allen Bereich der Technik, in denen flüchtige Stoffe in einem solchen Behältnis bevorratet werden, anwendbar ist. Zudem versteht sich, dass der Begriff "Vorratsbehältnis" auch gesamte Tankanlagen oder dgl., einschließlich deren weiterer Bestandteile, mit umfasst.It should be noted that the invention is in principle applicable to storage containers in all fields of technology in which volatile substances are stored in such a container. In addition, it is understood that the term "storage container" also encompasses entire tank installations or the like, including their further components.
Es ist ferner anzumerken, dass der erfindungsgemäß ermittelte Wert für T_ktm auch als Korrekturgröße bei ähnlichen Funktionen wie der genannten Funktionsprüfung, bspw. für eine eingangs erwähnte Tankentlüftungsfunktion, verwendet werden kann.It should also be noted that the value determined according to the invention for T_ktm can also be used as a correction variable for functions similar to those of the aforementioned functional test, for example for a tank venting function mentioned in the introduction.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend, unter Heranziehung der Zeichnungen, anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele eingehender erläutert. Hierbei zeigen
- Fig. 1
- den prinzipiellen Ablauf einer Tankleckdiagnose unter Anwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens;
- Fig. 2a-d
- ein Flußdiagramm eines von der Erfindung Gebrauch machenden Verfahrens zur Bestimmung der Kraftstofftemperatur aus der Außenlufttemperatur;
- Fig. 3
- ein Flußdiagramm eines Verfahrens zur Überprüfung einer Höhenlageänderung in welcher ein Temperatur-Offset gesetzt wird;
- Fig. 4
- ein Flußdiagramm eines Verfahrens zur Durchführung einer Minimal-/Maximalbegrenzung der bestimmten Kraftstofftemperatur; und
- Fig. 5
- ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Kenngrößendiagramms zur Bestimmung der Kraftstofftemperatur aus den über die Größe Zeit parametrisierten Kenngrößen Außenlufttemperatur und Tankfüllstand.
- Fig. 1
- the basic sequence of a tank leak diagnosis using the method according to the invention;
- Fig. 2a-d
- a flow chart of a method making use of the invention for determining the fuel temperature from the outside air temperature;
- Fig. 3
- a flowchart of a method for checking an altitude change in which a temperature offset is set;
- Fig. 4
- a flowchart of a method for performing a minimum / maximum limitation of the specific fuel temperature; and
- Fig. 5
- an embodiment of a characteristic diagram for determining the fuel temperature from the parameterized over the size time parameters outside air temperature and tank level.
In einem nachfolgenden Schritt 50 wird ein Leckdiagnosevorgang gestartet, der Wert von T_ktm erneut aus dem RAM ausgelesen und, bei Vorliegen eines Ergebnisses der Leckdiagnose, dieses Ergebnis unter Verwendung von T_ktm nachkorrigiert. Hierbei kann eine bei der Leckdiagnose ermittelte Leckrate anhand eines erhöhten Material-Ausgasungsfaktors aufgrund des Wandmaterials des Vorratsbehältnisses oder aufgrund der insgesamt verwendeten Dichtungen durch einen entsprechenden Offsetwert korrigiert werden. Auch kann dabei ein bei der Leckdiagnose angenommener Unter- oder Überdruckabbaugradient entsprechend korrigiert werden.In a
Ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Kraftstofftemperatur wird nachfolgend am Beispiel eines Kraftfahrzeuges beschrieben, obgleich die aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung deutlich werdenden Prinzipien auch bei anderen Vorratsbehältnissen wie bspw. chemischen Stofftanks oder dgl. entsprechend einsetzbar sind. Das in den zusammengehörigen
Das Verfahren beginnt gemäß
War die Motorabstellzeit t_maz hingegen kürzer oder gleich der vorgegebenen Zeit, so werden direkt in einem Schritt 125 Messgrößen und gespeicherte Werte aus dem Schreib-Lesespeicher übernommen und es findet eine Maximalauswahl zwischen dem gemessenen Wert der Außenlufttemperatur T_aluft und einem zuletzt gespeicherten Wert der Kraftstofftemperatur T_ktm(alt) statt, wobei Maximalauswahl bedeutet, dass der größere der beiden Werte in den weiteren Schritten des Verfahrens als wert für die Außenlufttemperatur verwendet wird. Somit wird berücksichtigt, dass bei einer externen Aufheizung des Kraftstoffs beispielsweise durch Erwärmung während des Tages oder Sonnenaufheizung, die tatsächliche Kraftstofftemperatur größer sein kann als die Außenlufttemperatur.On the other hand, if the engine shutdown time t_maz was shorter than or equal to the given time, then it would be directly in one
Anschließend wird in einem Schritt 130 ein Betriebszähler gestartet. Es ist anzumerken, dass die Kenngröße T_aluft in dem beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel eine Leitgröße darstellt, da diese Kenngröße, unabhängig von dynamischen Kenngrößen wie der Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit, die Kraftstofftemperatur am stärksten beeinflusst und im Übrigen auch auf andere Kenngrößen wie der Motortemperatur Einfluss nimmt.Subsequently, in a
Nach einer Wartezeit t_ini_kttm, nach der sich ein Gleichgewichtszustand eingestellt hat (Schritt 140), erfolgt in einem Schritt 145 die Überprüfung, ob ein (nicht gezeigter) Füllstandsensor defekt ist. Ist dies der Fall, wird in einem Schritt 147 der Wert des Füllstandes bei der letzten Fahrt fs_tank_v in eine Variable für den Wert des aktuellen Füllstandes fs_tank übernommen; andernfalls folgt ein Schritt 150 (siehe
In Schritt 150 in
Anschließend folgt in einem Schritt 160 die Überprüfung, ob ein Außenlufttemperatursensor defekt ist. Ist die in Schritt 150 bestimmte Differenz hingegen kleiner als ein vorgebbarer Wert d_fs_tlfz, so wird direkt im Schritt 160 überprüft, ob der Außenlufttemperatursensor defekt ist. Ist dies der Fall, wird in einem Schritt 290 der Variablen für die Außenlufttemperatur T_aluft der Wert 20 °C zugewiesen. Danach folgt ein Schritt 180, in dem überprüft wird, ob der Motor kürzer als eine vorgebbare Schwellenzeit, bspw. 30 Minuten, in Betrieb war, das heißt, ob ein Kriterium für eine kurze Betriebszeit vorliegt.Subsequently, in a
Stellt sich im Schritt 160 heraus, dass der Außenlufttemperatursensor hingegen nicht defekt ist, so wird in einem Schritt 170 der Variablen für die Außenlufttemperatur T_aluft die gemessene Außenlufttemperatur zugewiesen, anschließend folgt Schritt 180. In Schritt 180 wird nur beim ersten Durchlauf des Verfahrens überprüft, ob das Kriterium für eine kurze Betriebszeit vorliegt. Nach einer kurzen Betriebszeit hat sich noch kein Temperaturgleichgewicht eingestellt, so dass eine Neubestimmung der Kraftstofftemperatur nicht erfolgen darf.
Deshalb wird nach einer Wartezeit von 10 Minuten in einem Schritt 325 der Zyklus ab Schritt 160 erneut durchgeführt.If it is found out in
Therefore, after a waiting time of 10 minutes in a step 325, the cycle is performed again from
Stellt sich in Schritt 180 hingegen heraus, dass die Betriebszeit des Motors länger als 30 Minuten war, so wird in einem Schritt 190 nur beim ersten Durchlauf des Verfahrens überprüft, ob ein Kriterium für eine kurze Abstellzeit vorliegt, wobei unter einer kurzen Abstellzeit eine Zeit unter 30 Minuten verstanden wird.
Bei einer kurzen Abstellzeit hat sich die Kraftstofftemperatur im Vergleich zum letzten Betriebszyklus des Motors nicht verändert, so dass auch hier nicht sofort eine Neubestimmung der Kraftstofftemperatur erfolgen darf.On the other hand, if it is found out in
With a short shutdown time, the fuel temperature has not changed compared to the last operating cycle of the engine, so that here again, a redetermination of the fuel temperature must not take place immediately.
Liegt beim ersten Durchlauf des Verfahrens nach dem Start des Motors das Kriterium für eine kurze Abstellzeit vor, so wird auch hier nach einer Wartezeit von bspw. 10 Minuten in Schritt 325 der Zyklus ab Schritt 160 erneut durchgeführt. War die Motorabstellzeit länger als bspw. 30 Minuten, so wird in einem Schritt 200 (
Diese Überprüfung ist deshalb nötig, da sich bei einem stehenden Fahrzeug Wärmestaus ausbilden, was zu einer Verfälschung der bestimmten Kraftstofftemperatur führt. Daher wird beim stehenden Fahrzeug keine Neubestimmung der Kraftstofftemperatur durchgeführt, sondern nach einer Wartezeit von bspw. 100 Millisekunden in Schritt 320 der Zyklus in Schritt 160 beginnend mit der Überprüfung des Temperatursensors wiederholt.This check is necessary because heat builds up in a stationary vehicle, which leads to a distortion of the specific fuel temperature. Therefore, when the vehicle is stationary, no redetermination of the fuel temperature is performed, but after a waiting time of, for example, 100 milliseconds in
Ist die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit v_can größer Null, so folgt in einem Schritt 220 (
Nach dem Schritt 220 wird in einem Schritt 210 überprüft, ob eine Betankung bei laufendem Motor beziehungsweise während einer Betriebsunterbrechung stattgefunden hat. Hierzu wird die Differenz zwischen dem aktuell gemessenen Tankfüllstand fs_tank und dem zuletzt bei einer Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit größer als Null gemessenen Tankfüllstand fs_tank_v bestimmt. Ist die Differenz größer als ein Wert d_fs_tel, so hat eine Betankung bei laufendem Motor stattgefunden. Ist der Wert der Variablen b_kttm aus Schritt 155 gleich '1', so hat eine Betankung während der letzten Betriebsunterbrechung stattgefunden. Ergibt sich in Schritt 210, dass eine Betankung stattgefunden hat, so wird in einem Schritt 300 die Kraftstofftemperatur T_ktm als Mittelwert aus der zuletzt berechneten, im Schreib/Lesespeicher vorliegenden Kraftstofftemperatur T_ktm_alt und der Außenlufttemperatur T_aluft berechnet. Dies geschieht nach der folgenden Gleichung, wobei die Gewichtung anstelle des Faktors ½ grds. auch andere Werte annehmen kann:
Anschließend wird in einem Schritt 310 der Betriebszähler auf Null gesetzt und das Verfahren wird direkt mit einem Schritt 270 (
In Schritt 270 erfolgt die Übernahme der zu diesem Zeitpunkt gültigen Kraftstofftemperatur T_ktm in den Schreib-/Lesespeicher als Kraftstofftemperatur T_ktm(alt), die Variable zur Betankungserkennung b_kttm wird gleich '0' gesetzt. Anschließend wird, falls der Motor weiter im Betrieb ist, was in einem Schritt 280 überprüft wird, der Zyklus zur Bestimmung der Kraft-Stofftemperatur in Schritt 320 nach einer Wartezeit von 100 Millisekunden ab Schritt 160 wiederholt.In
Das Zurücksetzen des Betriebszählers in Schritt 310 bewirkt, dass das Verfahren im nächsten Bestimmungszyklus ab Schritt 180 genauso durchgeführt wird, als wäre der Motor neu gestartet worden und das Kriterium für eine kurze Betriebszeit vorläge. Somit wird in Schritt 325 das Verfahren im ersten Durchlauf erst nach einer Wartezeit von 10 Minuten fortgesetzt.Resetting the operation counter in
Hat die Überprüfung in Schritt 210 ergeben, dass keine Betankung durchgeführt wurde, so wird das Verfahren zur Neubestimmung der Kraftstofftemperatur mit einem Schritt 230 fortgesetzt (
Anschließend wird in einem Schritt 240 die Überprüfung auf eine geografische Höhenlageänderung durchgeführt. Dies ist im Detail in
Anschließend wird in einem Schritt 2460 die Überprüfung Höhenlageänderung beendet und es folgt Schritt 250 in
In der
Anschließend wird in Schritt 2660 das Verfahren zur Minimal-/Maximalbegrenzung beendet und es folgt Schritt 270 (
In
Es versteht sich, dass die einzelnen Verfahrensschritte zur Ermittlung der Kraftstofftemperatur T_ktm auch in anderer Reihenfolge erfolgen können. Auch ist durchaus möglich, dass verschiedene Schritte kombiniert werden können, wobei hierzu die Ergebnisse aus Verzweigungen und Abfragen in entsprechenden Variablen zwischengespeichert werden, um in einer abschließenden Berechnung berücksichtigt zu werden. Bei den verwendeten Zeit- bzw. Temperaturangaben handelt es sich lediglich um beispielhafte Vorgaben, welche selbstverständlich in ihrer Größe geändert werden können.It is understood that the individual method steps for determining the fuel temperature T_ktm can also be carried out in a different order. It is also quite possible that different steps can be combined, whereby the results of branches and queries are buffered in corresponding variables in order to be considered in a final calculation. The time and temperatures used are merely exemplary specifications, which of course can be changed in size.
Des weiteren versteht es sich, dass die Erkennung einer Betankungssituation nach einer Betriebsunterbrechung und die Erkennung einer Betankungssituation bei laufendem Motor kombiniert werden können. Hierzu wird sowohl bei einer Betankung während einer Betriebsunterbrechung als auch einer solchen bei laufendem Motor der Variablen b_kttm der Wert '1' zugewiesen, welcher bei späteren Entscheidungsschritten oder Berechnungen hinzugezogen wird.Furthermore, it is understood that the detection of a refueling situation after a business interruption and detecting a refueling situation while the engine is running can be combined. For this purpose, the value '1' is assigned to the variable b_kttm both during refueling during a service interruption and during a running engine, which value is used in later decision steps or calculations.
Zur Erkennung eines Betankungsvorgangs dienen vorzugsweise der Tankfüllstand, die Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit und der Tankfüllstand während der letzten Fahrt als Initialisierungswerte für eine Aneinanderreihung von an sich bekannten logischen Verknüpfungen und Berechnungen in Schaltkreisen.To detect a refueling operation, the tank level, the vehicle speed and the tank level during the last drive are preferably used as initialization values for a sequence of logic operations known per se and calculations in circuits.
Prinzipiell kann bei der nährungsweisen Berechnung der Kraftstofftemperatur nach einem Betankungsvorgang auch die zugetankte Menge berücksichtigt werden. Zumal bei einer größeren Menge an Kraftstoff der Einfluß von Änderungen der Außenlufttemperatur auf die Kraftstofftemperatur geringer ist und somit eine Korrektur der berechneten Größe mit der Kraftstoffmenge erfolgen kann.In principle, in the approximate calculation of the fuel temperature after a refueling process, the added amount can also be taken into account. Especially with a larger amount of fuel, the influence of changes in the outside air temperature on the fuel temperature is lower and thus a correction of the calculated size can be done with the amount of fuel.
Bei den in den
Der Zähler für die Motorabstellzeit wird beim Abschalten des Motors gestartet, und gestoppt, sobald der Motor wieder gestartet wird. Die so ermittelte Abstellzeit wird in dem Schreib-/Lesespeicher als Variable t_maz gespeichert.The engine shutdown time counter is started when the engine is shut down, and stopped when the engine is restarted. The thus determined stop time is stored in the read / write memory as a variable t_maz.
Es versteht sich, dass außer den in den Beispielen erwähnten Messgrößen bzw. Korrekturgrößen auch weitere zur Verfügung stehende Größen zur Optimierung der Bestimmung der Kraftstofftemperatur T_ktm hinzugezogen werden können. Des Weiteren versteht es sich, dass das Verfahren auch zur Bestimmung einer Temperatur einer beliebigen Flüssigkeit in einem beliebigen Behältnis durchgeführt werden kann. An Stelle oder in Ergänzung zu dem Motor kann mindestens eine weitere wärmeund/oder kälteerzeugende Quelle, bspw. eine Klimaanlage oder ein Kühleraggregat des Motors berücksichtigt werden.It goes without saying that, in addition to the measured variables or correction variables mentioned in the examples, other available variables can also be used to optimize the determination of the fuel temperature T_ktm. Furthermore, it is understood that the method can also be carried out for determining a temperature of any liquid in any container. Instead of or in addition to the engine, at least one further heat and / or cryogenic source, for example an air conditioning unit or a cooling unit of the engine, can be taken into account.
Das in
Claims (22)
- Method for emissions-monitored operation of a storage container for storing a volatile medium, in particular of a fuel tank of a motor vehicle, with a leak test of the storage container being carried out intermittently, characterized in that the temperature of the medium is determined intermittently or cyclically on the basis of at least one characteristic variable, in particular the ambient temperature, by means of a model calculation, and either said temperature is taken into consideration in the leak test or the leak test is carried out only when the determined temperature of the medium lies within a predefinable temperature range.
- Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the filling level of the storage container is used as a further characteristic variable.
- Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in the case of a motor vehicle, at least one operating variable of the motor vehicle is used as a further characteristic variable.
- Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that at least one item of characteristic data relating to the vehicle type series is used as a further characteristic variable.
- Method according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the shut-down period of a motor vehicle engine is taken into consideration in the model calculation of the temperature of the medium, with a type-series-specific cooling curve being stored and used as a starting value for the engine temperature in the event of a re-start of the motor vehicle engine.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature of the medium modelled on the basis of the at least one characteristic variable is stored with respect to the at least one characteristic variable in the form of at least one characteristic variable diagram.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature of the medium is determined from the at least one characteristic variable only when the at least one characteristic variable lies within a predefinable variance range.
- Method according to one of Claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the temperature of the medium is determined only when the vehicle speed and/or the operating duration of the motor vehicle engine exceed(s) a predefinable limit value.
- Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that the limit value is defined according to the type series of the motor vehicle engine and/or the body shape of the vehicle, in particular separately for individual vehicle type series.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a temperature value of the medium determined during operation of the storage container and/or of the vehicle is buffered and, in the event of a subsequent start of operation of the storage container and/or of the vehicle, is compared with a measured, instantaneous ambient temperature, and until a subsequent determination of the temperature of the medium on the basis of the model calculation, the in each case larger of the two values is taken into consideration as a starting value for the temperature of the medium.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a change in the filling level of the storage container on account of a tank filling process is detected and taken into consideration in the model calculation.
- Method according to Claim 11, characterized in that the tank filling process is detected in that, after the start of the motor vehicle engine, the difference between the instantaneous tank filling level and a buffered tank filling level value exceeds a predefinable threshold value.
- Method according to Claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the quantity of medium fed into the tank is input into the model calculation during the recalculation of the temperature of the medium.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the event of a failure of a temperature or filling level sensor of an associated temperature variable being detected, a predefinable replacement value is assigned in the model equation, or an instantaneously determined temperature value of the medium is replaced by a buffered temperature value.
- Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plausibility check is carried out, in which an instantaneously present temperature value of the medium is compared with predefinable upper and/or lower limit values and is assumed to be correct only when the temperature value lies within said limit values.
- Method according to Claim 15, characterized in that, in the event of an exceedance of one of the limit values, the temperature value is set as being equal to one of the limit values themselves.
- Method for determining the temperature of a volatile medium stored in a storage container, in particular the temperature of fuel stored in a fuel tank of a motor vehicle, characterized in that the temperature of the medium is determined on the basis of at least one characteristic variable, in particular the ambient temperature, by means of a model calculation according to one of the preceding claims.
- Circuit, in particular binary logic circuit, characterized by circuit means for carrying out the method according to one of Claims 1 to 16.
- Circuit according to Claim 18, characterized by at least two stages, with each stage constituting a filter for the influence of the respective characteristic variable on the temperature of the medium, and with the damping of the respective filter being varied as a function of the characteristic variables and the environment-dependent corrective variables.
- Circuit according to Claim 19, characterized by at least two filters which are taken as a basis in the model calculation, with the ambient temperature and/or the altitude of the storage container or of the vehicle being input into a first filter, and with the filling level of the storage container and/or the vehicle shut-down period and/or the vehicle engine shut-down period and/or the operating duration of the storage container or of the motor vehicle being input into the at least second filter.
- Control unit, characterized by a control program for carrying out the method according to one of Claims 1 to 16.
- Control unit according to Claim 21, characterized by a random access memory (RAM) for storing the at least one characteristic variable diagram and/or for buffering a determined temperature value of the medium.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10140940 | 2001-08-27 | ||
DE10140954A DE10140954A1 (en) | 2001-08-27 | 2001-08-27 | Method and device for the emission-monitoring operation of a storage container for storing a volatile medium, in particular a fuel storage tank of a motor vehicle |
DE10140954 | 2001-08-27 |
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EP1288483A2 EP1288483A2 (en) | 2003-03-05 |
EP1288483A3 EP1288483A3 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
EP1288483B1 true EP1288483B1 (en) | 2009-09-23 |
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EP02016161A Expired - Lifetime EP1288483B1 (en) | 2001-08-27 | 2002-07-20 | Method and apparatus for emission monitoring of a storage container for storing a volatile medium, in particular of a fuel reservoir of a vehicle |
Country Status (3)
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US (1) | US6829555B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1288483B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10140954A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
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DE10252225A1 (en) * | 2002-11-11 | 2004-05-27 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for determining the fuel vapor pressure in a motor vehicle with on-board means |
US7251997B1 (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2007-08-07 | Kavlico Corporation | Fuel tank module control system |
DE102005005685A1 (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2006-08-10 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Device and / or method for checking the tightness of a fuel tank system of a motor vehicle |
DE502006000744D1 (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2008-06-19 | Audi Ag | Method for checking the gas-tightness of a motor vehicle tank ventilation system |
JP2007231813A (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-13 | Denso Corp | Fuel property judgment device, leak inspection device, and fuel injection quantity control device |
CN101754828B (en) * | 2007-06-06 | 2016-01-27 | 诺斯库有限公司 | Toolframe and cutter head used thereof |
DE102007029801B4 (en) | 2007-06-27 | 2022-10-20 | Volkswagen Ag | Method for controlling a drive intended for a motor vehicle |
US11084485B2 (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2021-08-10 | Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg | Method for operating a hybrid vehicle |
DE102015214322A1 (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-02-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for determining the loading of a storage tank for hydrocarbons |
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US5251592A (en) * | 1991-02-20 | 1993-10-12 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Abnormality detection system for evaporative fuel control systems of internal combustion engines |
US5259424A (en) * | 1991-06-27 | 1993-11-09 | Dvco, Inc. | Method and apparatus for dispensing natural gas |
DE4126880A1 (en) * | 1991-06-28 | 1993-01-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | TANK VENTILATION SYSTEM AND METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CHECKING THEIR FUNCTIONALITY |
US5411004A (en) * | 1993-02-03 | 1995-05-02 | Siemens Automotive Limited | Positive pressure canister purge system integrity confirmation |
JPH09242621A (en) * | 1996-03-07 | 1997-09-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Evaporative fuel controller for internal combustion engine |
DE19636431B4 (en) | 1996-09-07 | 2009-05-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for testing the functionality of a tank ventilation system |
DE19809384C2 (en) | 1998-03-05 | 2000-01-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Procedure for checking the functionality of a tank ventilation system |
DE19836967C2 (en) * | 1998-08-14 | 2000-06-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Procedure for checking the functionality of a container |
US6095793A (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2000-08-01 | Woodward Governor Company | Dynamic control system and method for catalytic combustion process and gas turbine engine utilizing same |
US6196203B1 (en) * | 1999-03-08 | 2001-03-06 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Evaporative emission control system with reduced running losses |
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2001
- 2001-08-27 DE DE10140954A patent/DE10140954A1/en not_active Ceased
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2002
- 2002-07-20 DE DE50213862T patent/DE50213862D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US20030037599A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
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DE50213862D1 (en) | 2009-11-05 |
US6829555B2 (en) | 2004-12-07 |
EP1288483A2 (en) | 2003-03-05 |
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