EP1287236A1 - Turbine casing for an exhaust turbocharger made by casting - Google Patents
Turbine casing for an exhaust turbocharger made by castingInfo
- Publication number
- EP1287236A1 EP1287236A1 EP01941988A EP01941988A EP1287236A1 EP 1287236 A1 EP1287236 A1 EP 1287236A1 EP 01941988 A EP01941988 A EP 01941988A EP 01941988 A EP01941988 A EP 01941988A EP 1287236 A1 EP1287236 A1 EP 1287236A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- casing
- turbine
- aggregate
- casting
- tongue
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N flonicamid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=NC=C1C(=O)NCC#N RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005493 welding type Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
- F01D9/026—Scrolls for radial machines or engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/21—Manufacture essentially without removing material by casting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
- F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
Definitions
- the invention concerns a casing aggregate for the turbine of an exhaust turbocharger.
- the invention especially concerns the spiral casing of the turbine .
- Exhaust turbochargers are a must in modern vehicles .
- the most important components include a turbine and a compressor. These two components are located on one and the same shaft .
- the exhaust of the internal combustion engine is conducted to the turbine .
- the exhaust powers the turbine .
- the turbine in turn powers the compressor. This takes in air from the environment and compresses it.
- the compressed air is then used for combustion in the engine .
- the purpose of exhaust turbochargers is to minimize the exhaust emissions as well as to increase the efficiency of the engine and its torque. They also have an important function in regards to the efficiency of the catalytic converter.
- an exhaust turbocharger should fulfill the mentioned functions regarding the exhaust emission, the efficiency level and torque of the engine in the most optimal manner possible. In doing so, they should have minimal weight and minimal construction volume.
- the design should be simple and easy to assemble, so that manufacturing costs are held to minimal levels. They should be compatible with catalytic converters .
- the known exhaust turbochargers do not fill all these functions, or only to a certain point. That is, lowering pollutant emissions during the cold start phase leaves much to be desired, and weight and space demands are unreasonably high.
- the task of the invention is to design a casing aggregate of the type mentioned in such a manner that significant improvements are made in the mentioned parameters .
- This task is accomplished by the characteristics of Claim 1.
- the inventors stuck with the tried and true execution of the casing aggregate by casting. For this, however, they departed from the conventional method of casting steel in a sand mold, and switched to a thin-walled fine casting, also known as precision casting. This allows the wall thickness to be greatly reduced. This also greatly decreases the weight of the aggregate .
- the casing aggregate now has a substantially lower mass, so that only relativey small heat energy can be removed from the exhaust in the cold start phase . Thus the thermal inertia is very minimal .
- the casing aggregate is assembled from at least two parts. Therefore, the casing aggregate has at least one separation joint.
- the separation joint is arranged as follows:
- the spiral casing is in at least two parts.
- the division into two on the basis of the separation joint described above occurs in such a manner that the two following benefits result :
- each of the two parts of the spiral casing can be cast without requiring the use of casting cores .
- the shapes of the two spiral casing parts don't require any undercutting.
- the separation joint is positioned in such a manner that the area of the tongue lies outside of the separation joint.
- the tongue area is that area this is thermally stressed the most.
- the two parts can be joined, for example, using any type of welding, for example using laser welding or micro-plasma welding.
- a multiple-part turbine casing cast in precision casting has an average wall thickness of approximately 2 mm. This means a mass reduction of 40 to 60 % in comparison to execution in cast steel in sand.
- the manufacturing costs of a spiral casing based on the invention are lower than before.
- a heat resistant cast steel for exhaust temperatures of 1050°C is considered suitable as a material .
- the finish and dimensional accuracy are optimal. This leads to higher efficiency levels .
- the manufacturing costs will already be lower because refinishing is unnecessary.
- Fig. 1 shows an exhaust turbocharger in axial section.
- Fig. 2 shows an enlarged section through the spiral casing of the turbine of Fig . 1.
- the turbocharger shown in Fig. 1 has the following components as its most important elements : A turbine 1 with turbine wheel 1.1, a compressor 2 with compressor wheel 2.1, a bearing 3, and a shaft 4 on which the turbine wheel 1.1 and the compressor wheel 2.1 are seated.
- the turbine casing is executed in known fashion as a spiral casing. It is made of two main parts, namely a part 1.2 - herein referred to as the ⁇ "" ⁇ inner part'', and a part 1.3 herein referred to as the ⁇ outer part''.
- An outer exhaust support 1.4 is a component of the outer part 1.3. This could however also be separate from the outer part 1.3.
- the two main parts 1.2 and 1.3 of the spiral casing of the turbine are separated along a separation joint.
- the separation joint runs in an axially perpendicular level. It runs along the apex line of the spiral casing.
- the separation joint extends over an angle of 270 degrees. It lies outside of the tongue area 1.5 of the spiral casing. This area is highly thermally stressed.
- Fig. 2 shows part 1.3. Part 1.2 is removed.
- the separation joint extends from point A to point B.
- the area of the tongue 1.5 remains undisturbed. This means that the spiral casing is one part i the tongue area.
- part 1.2 is seated over the area of the separation joint between point A and B on part 1.3.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
To allow a simplified manufacture by casting the spiral casing for a turbine is divided into two matching parts which can be joined by welding or the like. The separation line between the parts runs along the apex of the spiral casing and lies essentially in a plane perpendicular to the turbine axis.
Description
TURBINE CASING FOR AN EXHAUST TURBOCHARGER MADE BY CASTING
The invention concerns a casing aggregate for the turbine of an exhaust turbocharger. The invention especially concerns the spiral casing of the turbine .
Exhaust turbochargers are a must in modern vehicles . The most important components include a turbine and a compressor. These two components are located on one and the same shaft . The exhaust of the internal combustion engine is conducted to the turbine . The exhaust powers the turbine . Then the turbine in turn powers the compressor. This takes in air from the environment and compresses it. The compressed air is then used for combustion in the engine . The purpose of exhaust turbochargers is to minimize the exhaust emissions as well as to increase the efficiency of the engine and its torque. They also have an important function in regards to the efficiency of the catalytic converter.
The following requirements are generally demanded of an exhaust turbocharger: They should fulfill the mentioned functions regarding the exhaust emission, the efficiency level and torque of the engine in the most optimal manner possible. In doing so, they should have minimal weight and minimal construction volume. The design should be simple and easy to assemble, so that manufacturing costs are held to minimal levels. They should be compatible with catalytic converters .
The known exhaust turbochargers do not fill all these functions, or only to a certain point. That is, lowering pollutant emissions during the cold start phase leaves much to be desired, and weight and space demands are unreasonably high.
The task of the invention is to design a casing aggregate of the type mentioned in such a manner that significant improvements are made in the mentioned parameters . This task is accomplished by the characteristics of Claim 1.
In accomplishing the task, the inventors stuck with the tried and true execution of the casing aggregate by casting. For this, however, they departed from the conventional method of casting steel in a sand mold, and switched to a thin-walled fine casting, also known as precision casting. This allows the wall thickness to be greatly reduced. This also greatly decreases the weight of the aggregate . The casing aggregate now has a substantially lower mass, so that only relativey small heat energy can be removed from the exhaust in the cold start phase . Thus the thermal inertia is very minimal .
As an additional measure, the casing aggregate is assembled from at least two parts. Therefore, the casing aggregate has at least one separation joint. The separation joint is arranged as follows:
it extends in an axially perpendicular level, it runs along the apex line of the spiral casing, it extends over an arc of a circle of approximately 270 degrees , and it lies outside of the area of the tongue.
Thus in any case, the spiral casing is in at least two parts. In doing so, the division into two on the basis of the separation joint described above, occurs in such a manner that the two following benefits result :
For one thing, each of the two parts of the spiral casing can be cast without requiring the use of casting cores . The shapes of the two spiral casing parts don't require any undercutting.
In addition, the separation joint is positioned in such a manner that the area of the tongue lies outside of the separation joint. The tongue area is that area this is thermally stressed the most. When the two cast parts of the
spiral casing are put together, the tongue area, therefore, consists of a single piece without separation joint, which takes into account the high thermal stress and, therefore, the high demands of rigidity in this area.
The two parts can be joined, for example, using any type of welding, for example using laser welding or micro-plasma welding.
By avoiding casting cores, positional tolerances don't need to be considered while casting. This means that the wall thickness can already be less for this reason than with the classical method of using casting cores. This already results in considerable weight reduction. A multiple-part turbine casing cast in precision casting has an average wall thickness of approximately 2 mm. This means a mass reduction of 40 to 60 % in comparison to execution in cast steel in sand. In addition, the manufacturing costs of a spiral casing based on the invention are lower than before. In general, a heat resistant cast steel for exhaust temperatures of 1050°C is considered suitable as a material .
The finish and dimensional accuracy are optimal. This leads to higher efficiency levels . The manufacturing costs will already be lower because refinishing is unnecessary.
The invention is further explained in the drawings . The following details are represented:
Fig. 1 shows an exhaust turbocharger in axial section.
Fig. 2 shows an enlarged section through the spiral casing of the turbine of Fig . 1.
The turbocharger shown in Fig. 1 has the following components as its most important elements :
A turbine 1 with turbine wheel 1.1, a compressor 2 with compressor wheel 2.1, a bearing 3, and a shaft 4 on which the turbine wheel 1.1 and the compressor wheel 2.1 are seated.
The turbine casing is executed in known fashion as a spiral casing. It is made of two main parts, namely a part 1.2 - herein referred to as the ~""~inner part'', and a part 1.3 herein referred to as the ^outer part''. An outer exhaust support 1.4 is a component of the outer part 1.3. This could however also be separate from the outer part 1.3.
The following is decisive :
The two main parts 1.2 and 1.3 of the spiral casing of the turbine are separated along a separation joint. The separation joint runs in an axially perpendicular level. It runs along the apex line of the spiral casing.
As can be seen in Fig. 2, the separation joint extends over an angle of 270 degrees. It lies outside of the tongue area 1.5 of the spiral casing. This area is highly thermally stressed.
Fig. 2 shows part 1.3. Part 1.2 is removed.
The separation joint extends from point A to point B. The area of the tongue 1.5 remains undisturbed. This means that the spiral casing is one part i the tongue area. For the purpose of assembly, part 1.2 is seated over the area of the separation joint between point A and B on part 1.3.
Claims
1. Casing aggregate for the turbine of an exhaust turbocharger, comprising: a. a spiral casing adapted to surround the running wheel of the turbine ; b. a tongue-like wall part (tongue) in the inside of the spiral casing; c. an inlet connection; d. an outlet connection; e. a flange adapted for connecting to a bearing casing of the turbocharger; f . wherein the casing aggregate is manufactured by thin- walled precision casting; g. wherein the casing aggregate is comprised of at least two parts, so that at least one separation joint is present; and h. wherein the separation joint is arranged as follows: i. it runs in an axially perpendicular level; ii . it runs along the apex line of the spiral casing; iii . it extends over an arc of a circle of approximately 270 degrees; iv. it lies outside of the area of the tongue.
2. Casing aggregate as in claim 1, wherein the parts of the casing aggregate are welded to each other along the separation joint.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10028161A DE10028161C2 (en) | 2000-06-07 | 2000-06-07 | Turbine housing for an exhaust gas turbocharger in cast design |
| DE10028161 | 2000-06-07 | ||
| PCT/US2001/018274 WO2001094755A1 (en) | 2000-06-07 | 2001-06-06 | Turbine casing for an exhaust turbocharger made by casting |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1287236A1 true EP1287236A1 (en) | 2003-03-05 |
| EP1287236B1 EP1287236B1 (en) | 2005-11-16 |
Family
ID=7644974
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01941988A Expired - Lifetime EP1287236B1 (en) | 2000-06-07 | 2001-06-06 | Turbine casing for an exhaust turbocharger made by casting |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1287236B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2004510086A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10028161C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001094755A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005108747A1 (en) * | 2004-05-12 | 2005-11-17 | Honeywell International Inc. | Turbocharger with reduced thermal inertia and method of producing the same |
| EP1688589B1 (en) | 2005-02-07 | 2012-11-28 | BorgWarner, Inc. | Turbomachine shaft seal arrangement |
| DE102008008856A1 (en) * | 2008-02-13 | 2009-08-20 | Daimler Ag | Turbine housing and method of manufacturing a turbine housing |
| DE102010005492A1 (en) * | 2010-01-23 | 2011-07-28 | Bosch Mahle Turbo Systems GmbH & Co. KG, 70376 | volute |
| DE102010025209A1 (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2011-12-22 | Herzog & Herzog Holding Und Service Gmbh | Cylinder crankcase for e.g. two-cylinder combustion engine, of motor car, has scaffold comprising set of separate planer wall segments to limit crank space to outside, and set of recesses attached and sealed to set of bearing blocks |
| US9000324B2 (en) | 2011-07-25 | 2015-04-07 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Fabrication of load compressor scroll housing |
| US10526954B2 (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2020-01-07 | Garrett Transportation I Inc. | Turbocharger assembly |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3396906A (en) * | 1968-02-06 | 1968-08-13 | Trane Co | Pump housing seal arrangement |
| ES461142A1 (en) * | 1976-09-04 | 1978-06-01 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Exhaust gas turbocharger |
| JPS5537508A (en) * | 1978-09-06 | 1980-03-15 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Turbine casing for superchrger |
| US4384821A (en) * | 1981-10-14 | 1983-05-24 | Wallace Murray Corporation | Free floating divider wall turbine housing |
| JPS58124008A (en) * | 1982-01-21 | 1983-07-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Turbine scroll made of ceramics |
| DE3642121A1 (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1988-06-23 | Mtu Muenchen Gmbh | DRIVE SYSTEM |
| EP0281345A1 (en) * | 1987-03-02 | 1988-09-07 | Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Turbine casing for turbocharger |
| DE4315474C1 (en) * | 1993-05-10 | 1994-09-29 | Daimler Benz Ag | Exhaust turbocharger for an internal combustion engine |
| US5810556A (en) * | 1996-03-06 | 1998-09-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Carbon-carbon turbocharger housing unit for intermittent combustion engines |
| DE29909018U1 (en) * | 1999-05-26 | 2000-09-28 | Heinrich Gillet GmbH & Co. KG, 67480 Edenkoben | Turbine housing for exhaust gas turbochargers |
-
2000
- 2000-06-07 DE DE10028161A patent/DE10028161C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-06-06 JP JP2002502283A patent/JP2004510086A/en active Pending
- 2001-06-06 WO PCT/US2001/018274 patent/WO2001094755A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-06-06 DE DE60115025T patent/DE60115025T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-06-06 EP EP01941988A patent/EP1287236B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO0194755A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE60115025D1 (en) | 2005-12-22 |
| DE10028161A1 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
| DE10028161C2 (en) | 2002-12-12 |
| EP1287236B1 (en) | 2005-11-16 |
| JP2004510086A (en) | 2004-04-02 |
| WO2001094755A1 (en) | 2001-12-13 |
| DE60115025T2 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
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